Expert Advice from Bonitas Medical Fund
Bonitas – innovation, life stages and quality care

Pregnancy, your body and your baby – week four of your pregnancy

This may be the week that you realise that you’re pregnant. Many women don’t notice so early-on, but if you’ve been trying for a while you may  take a pregnancy test before when your next period was due. Your body at 4 weeks Although your body is changing, chances are you may not have noticed just yet – at the end of this week you’ll probably notice (or maybe earlier or later – depending on your menstrual cycle) that you’ve missed your period. This is one of the more obvious pregnancy signs, but your body is changing in other ways as well. When your fertilised egg implanted into your uterus you may have noticed some cramping and spotting. You may write -off other early pregnancy signs as pre-menstrual changes, however, there are some symptoms that are unique to having a baby. Such as nausea, spotting and cramping, and a raised body temperature. If you haven’t already, now is the time to quit any unhealthy habits, such as drinking alcohol and caffeine, and smoking. It’s also a good idea to take prenatal supplements if you haven’t started yet. If you’re feeling healthy and your pregnancy symptoms are all normal, you’ll only need to schedule an ultrasound at week 8. Your baby at 4 weeks Your baby is a tiny mass of cell inside you, roughly the size of a poppy seed, but just because it’s so small doesn’t mean lots isn’t happening. In the next few weeks, this tiny ball of cells will form the neural tube, which is the beginning of the brain and spine. At this point, the cells that are your baby are dividing up, becoming more defined. Three layers are developing – the ectoderm, the mesoderm, and the endoderm – and these will later develop to become your baby’s organs and tissues.

Parenting Hub

Radiology’s pivotal role in the detection of lifestyle diseases

Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) indicates a notable increase in Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, diabetes and cancers. These diseases are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality. In fact, three years ago, the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) and the Medical Council described the increase in NCDs as an ‘emerging epidemic’ and the ‘biggest threat to South Africa’s health’.   NCDs, known as chronic or lifestyle diseases, are medical conditions that are not infectious and cannot be transmitted directly from person to person. They progress slowly, often lasting for a long duration. The main categories include cardiovascular diseases (such as heart disease and stroke), cancer and chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes. Other examples include obesity, mental health disorders and musculoskeletal conditions. Lifestyle diseases were more prevalent in higher income brackets but currently, they are wreaking havoc amongst all South Africans. The good news is that the damage resulting from unhealthy lifestyles can be stemmed. Dr Jean de Villiers from SCP Radiology says medical imaging techniques play a crucial role in the early diagnosis, management and monitoring of lifestyle diseases. ‘The rapid evolution of high-quality imaging techniques, using reduced radiation dose, has positioned radiology ideally for this role. This contributes significantly to the understanding and treatment of these conditions.’  Why ‘lifestyle’ disease’? The conditions are called lifestyle diseases because they result from long-term, habitual behaviours and lifestyle choices.  The terminology implies that their prevention, control, and management are often a result of an individual’s actions, such as:  Poor diet: Diets high in processed foods, saturated fats, trans fats, salt and sugar Physical inactivity: Lack of regular physical activity Tobacco use: This is a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and certain types of cancer Environmental factors: Including air pollution, water pollution and other environmental toxins can contribute to the development of respiratory diseases and other health problems Occupational hazards: Certain workplace exposures to chemicals and other hazards can increase the risk of specific NCDs Genetics: A family history may result in a genetic predisposition to certain NCDs Age and gender: The risk of developing NCDs tends to increase with age. Some conditions, like osteoporosis and certain cancers, may be more prevalent in specific age groups or genders Metabolic factors Obesity, high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and diabetes Psychosocial factors: Chronic stress can contribute to the development or exacerbation of various NCDs Mental Health Perhaps surprisingly, mental health can also result in chronic diseases. According to Harvard Medical School, poor mental health can negatively impact on physical health, leading to an increased risk of some conditions. Depression has been linked to a 67% increased risk of death from heart disease and a 50% increase in risk of death from cancer. Mainly because people with mental health conditions are less likely to receive the physical healthcare. Preventing NCDs usually involves lifestyle modifications: Adopting a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption and managing stress. Early detection, through regular health check-ups and screenings, is also crucial for effective management and prevention of associated complications.   The role played by radiology Diagnostic imaging: Helps in the early detection and diagnosis of lifestyle diseases.  ‘For most of these conditions, early identification and diagnosis are crucial. X-rays, Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), mammography, and ultrasound are ideally suited to visualise relevant internal anatomical structures and identify relevant abnormalities early,’ says Dr de Villiers. Monitoring disease progression: Radiological techniques can monitor the progression of lifestyle diseases over time. This is important for diseases like diabetes, where complications can affect the kidneys, eyes and blood vessels. Treatment planning: Aids in treatment planning by providing detailed anatomical information. For example, before certain surgeries or interventional procedures, imaging guides the medical team to target the affected area and minimising damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Screening programs: These are essential for the early detection of certain lifestyle-related conditions. For instance, routine mammography and colonoscopy for the early detection of breast cancer and colorectal cancer, respectively. Similarly, there are currently National pilot projects running to detect early lung cancer in high-risk individuals using low-dose CT scans of the chest. Research and clinical trials: Radiology plays a key role in research studies and clinical trials aimed at understanding the mechanisms of lifestyle diseases. Advanced imaging techniques can be used to investigate the effects of lifestyle interventions and assess the effectiveness of treatment. Patient education: Radiological images can be used to educate patients about the nature and progression of their conditions. Being able to see the affected areas can help patients understand the importance of lifestyle modifications and treatment adherence. In summary, radiology is an integral component of the multidisciplinary approach to the detection and management of lifestyle diseases. It facilitates early detection, accurate diagnosis and effective management, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes and quality of life.

Bonitas – innovation, life stages and quality care

Bursaries and boreholes – helping in the healthcare space

The partnership between Gift of the Givers and Bonitas Medical Fund has, and will continue, to have a positive impact in a quintet of interventions in the field of healthcare. The partnership, which began in 2018 continues into 2024, with an additional investment of R3.3 million. This includes bursaries to final year medical students at the University of KwaZulu Natal and the provision of boreholes at various health facilities across the country.   Lee Callakoppen, Principal Officer of Bonitas says, ‘the association with Gift of the Givers goes back a few years, when we supported various projects on an ad hoc basis.  The partnership is aimed at identifying health related projects being undertaken by the Gift of the Givers to which Bonitas can add value. ‘In 2022, we aligned our CSI initiatives to our mantra: ‘A Medical Aid for South Africa’. The purpose: To provide relief to the most vulnerable and marginalised communities, specifically in the field of healthcare interventions. We wanted to assist in the social upliftment of South Africans, particularly in the healthcare space. And who better to partner with than this leading philanthropic organisation in the country.’   ‘Gift of the Givers continues to go beyond the call of duty to bring humanitarian aid where needed. It has built its reputation on the principles we, as a corporate citizen, also value: Respect, care, professionalism and dedication. We are proud to be partnering with them once again.’  Bursaries for 6th year medical students Eight medical students in their 6th and final year of study at the University of KwaZulu Natal, will receive bursaries. The bursaries cover outstanding and current fees, enabling them to complete their final year of medicine and graduate as a doctor at the end of 2024. The students were selected based on their academic results and financial needs and were vetted by the University as promising students in need. They are also diverse in terms of the background and locations, with a strong desire to enhance the healthcare landscape in South Africa. Boreholes at healthcare facilities Water is the gift of life and no more so than in a healthcare setting. It is essential to run a medical facility – whether it’s a hospital or clinic or the communities around them. Critical shortages of water are hindering the provision of quality healthcare in a number of public healthcare facilities. Six hospitals and clinics have been identified, by Gift of the Givers in partnership with Bonitas, as being in urgent need of water interventions.  They are located in the Eastern Cape, Gauteng, KZN and Free State and the healthcare facilities include a psychiatric hospital, general hospitals, clinics and an orphanage. The due date for completion on these projects is April 2024.  Dr Imtiaz Sooliman says, ‘All the projects we have partnered with Bonitas on have been a great success and we look forward to continuing working with them. In fact, soon after our staff became members of Bonitas in 2019, we knew there was synergy in our ethos, that a collaboration in the healthcare space with the Fund would be a success.  ‘We are in the fortunate position of having the relationships in place to actively execute the necessary healthcare interventions, together with Bonitas. We are thrilled at the success of this continued partnership.’  An overview of the most recent projects Celebrating our nurses In collaboration with Gift of the Givers, Bonitas honoured 470 nurses at the Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital in KZN in recognition of International Nurse’s Day. Nurses remain the backbone of the healthcare system and this gesture was to show appreciation for their exceptional service, especially in very trying times, such as the Covid-19 pandemic – when the entire healthcare environment was under enormous pressure.  After the floods in KZN Bonitas responded to the disaster relief calls for assistance after the floods in KZN and donated R500k to Gift of the Givers to assist in rebuilding damaged healthcare facilities in the region.  The gift of hearing This year Bonitas sponsored an Audiology Programme, in KZN which looked at testing the hearing of over 15 860 learners, at various schools during the year.  ‘Children’s learning is substantially compromised with hearing difficulties, reducing the possibility for progress and achievement,’ said Dr Imtiaz Sooliman. ‘Appropriate, early intervention is critical to make a meaningful impact on the academic development of the learner.’ Disaster relief conference Bonitas was a key sponsor in the disaster relief conference held in Cape Town earlier this year. The conference, the largest of its kind in the world, was attended by various stakeholders responsible for community upliftment and healthcare delivery.  Callakoppen says, ‘They say the best partnerships aren’t dependent on a mere common goal but on a shared path of equality, desire and no small amount of passion. Both Gift of the Givers and Bonitas have the drive to help others. And, in terms of the Fund, moving a step closer to providing quality healthcare for all South Africans.’

Bonitas – innovation, life stages and quality care

What is abdominal separation and how do I deal with it?

Abdominal separation or diastasis recti is the separation of the two parallel bands of muscle in your belly. This is common in pregnant women, and luckily often heals on its own, or with the help of exercises,  after pregnancy. This condition is not only experienced by pregnant moms, but also by men, as well as women who’ve never been pregnant. You may be wondering how you’d know if you have abdominal separation,  how to tell if it’s bad and what you can do to help your tummy return to normal. How do I know if I have diastasis recti? If your muscles have separated, you may notice a bulge in your abdomen where the two muscles have pulled apart. In addition to this, you may notice a sore lower back, constipation and bloating. Women who are expecting multiples or women who have been pregnant more than once (especially if the pregnancies are close together) are more likely to experience muscle separation. There is a way you can check if you have diastasis recti yourself. Lie flat on your back and then sit up slightly, engaging your core muscles. Put your fingers just above your belly button on the middle of your stomach. If you feel like the gap between your fingers is more than three fingers, then you probably have diastasis recti. However, this is not an exact science but rather a way to gauge if you may have a problem. How can I correct my diastasis recti? If you have a smaller separation, it may go away on its own or with the help of exercises, however, bad cases may need the help of a physio or even surgery. If you have a gap, chances are it’ll close up one or two months after birth. However, certain exercises may help the gap close up quicker. That being said, be careful of what exercise you do, some fitness practices make it worse. If you are worried about it, it’s best to talk to a health care professional and they can help you make the best choice for you and your body.

Bonitas – innovation, life stages and quality care

Movember – it’s not just about prostate health

November or Movember is traditionally when men around the world grow a moustache to raise awareness and funds for men’s health – specifically prostate cancer. And, although the campaign is synonymous with prostate cancer, it’s also about testicular cancer, mental health and suicide prevention. The clinical team at Bonitas Medical Fund take us through some of the essential health checks and screenings for men. These are tests to check for diseases and health conditions, even before you have any symptoms. By detecting diseases early, they are often easier to treat.  Prostate cancer Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men. It occurs in the small walnut-shaped gland that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm.  The growth is normally slow, and it is the one type of cancer from which you have the best chances of recovery. However, while some types of prostate cancer grow slowly and may need minimal or even no treatment, other types are aggressive and can spread quickly. Most men with prostate cancer are older than 65 years and, with the correct treatment, have good outcomes. Men from the age of 50 (40 – 45 for those at high risk, with a family history of prostate cancer) should have an annual prostate examination.  Checking for prostate cancer? Your doctor will recommend a blood test to check the levels of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) in your blood. PSA can be elevated in men who have prostate cancer. This must be supported by a rectal examination. For 2024, Bonitas has introduced the Be Better Benefit, paid from risk for a range of screening tests and benefits to allow for early detection. This includes an annual PSA screening test on all plans except BonCap. Factors that affect prostate health include Lifestyle: A healthy lifestyle that includes maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, regular exercise and avoiding excessive consumption of alcohol and tobacco can contribute to prostate health Hydration: Staying well-hydrated is important for overall health. Drinking plenty of water can help flush out toxins and maintain prostate function. Medications and Supplements: Some medications and supplements, like alpha-blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors and saw palmetto, may be used to manage prostate conditions. However, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional before using any of these. In summary, maintaining prostate health and being aware of the risk factors and symptoms are essential aspects of men’s health. Regular check-ups, self-examinations and a healthy lifestyle can go a long way in preventing and managing these conditions. It’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for personalised guidance and early detection. Testicular Cancer Testicular cancer is relatively rare and typically affects young and middle-aged men. Here are some key points about testicular cancer: Regular self-examination of the testicles is essential. This involves gently feeling the testicles for any lumps, changes in size or unusual sensations. If any abnormalities are detected, it’s important to seek medical attention promptly.  Common symptoms include a painless lump or swelling in the testicles, a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum and discomfort or pain. The main treatment is surgery to remove the affected testicle. Depending on the type and stage of cancer, additional treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be necessary. The prognosis for testicular cancer is generally quite good, especially when detected early While the exact causes of testicular cancer are not well-understood, certain risk factors include a family history of the disease, undescended testicles and a personal history of testicular cancer Mental Health in men Mental health is of critical concern in South Africa, and it affects both men and women. Men, however, may face specific challenges and stigmas related to mental health. The clinical team at Bonitas stress that, ‘Mental illness is not a character defect, it is a health problem just like arthritis, diabetes or cancer. Fear and misunderstanding often lead to prejudice against people with mental illness and addiction which is a serious barrier to diagnosis and treatment.’ The economic uncertainty, political instability and poor socio-economic conditions in SA have also added to the burden of mental health issues. ‘We have seen a 25% increase in the number of mental health hospital admissions, indicating a need for additional support,’ says Lee Callakoppen, Principal Officer of Bonitas. ‘This need is particularly high in the 18 to 44 age groups. We have further noted that mental health was a key driver for absenteeism in corporate groups.’ Anxiety disorders and depression are the most common mental health problems but others include eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), bipolar mood disorder as well as psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and personality disorders. Substance abuse, such as drugs and alcohol, is also classified under mental illness. Here are some important points regarding mental health: South African men, like men in other parts of the world, may face societal pressures to conform to traditional notions of masculinity, which can make it difficult to express emotions or seek help for mental health issues. Mental health conditions may be underreported and untreated due to the stigma associated with them. Access to mental healthcare services can be limited in certain areas of South Africa, particularly in rural regions. This can create barriers to seeking help for mental health issues Substance abuse issues are often intertwined with mental health problems. Turning to alcohol or drugs will just exacerbate mental health challenges. In response to what is rapidly becoming a mental health crisis, medical schemes are stepping up. Bonitas, for example, has a Mental Health Programme (MHP) which is part of the Scheme’s Managed Care initiatives. The programme, which is primarily education driven, is aimed at improving quality of life and empowering people with mental health issues to manage their condition.  In addition, Bonitas was the first medical scheme to offer it members Panda, a mental wellness app. Panda provides scientifically validated assessment tools to enable users to measure their mental wellbeing objectively. It also enables members to book one-on-one

Bonitas – innovation, life stages and quality care

Breast Cancer – different screening tools

Radiologists from the SCP Radiology practice and Dr Lizanne Langenhoven, who specialises in the treatment of breast cancer, talk about the different kinds of screening for breast cancer.  Dr Langenhoven says, ‘When you consider that around 90% of women find their own breast lumps, it is a very important part of the screening process. Although 80 percent of these lumps are not malignant, there are cases where women owe their lives to their own self-examination.’  A guide to self-examination: Lying down or in the shower:  Place your right hand behind your head. Using the pads of the fingers on your left hand, feel for changes in your entire breast in a circular.  Do the same above and below and in your armpit area.  In front of a mirror: Check for any dimpling, puckering or changes in either nipple.  See your doctor or clinic if you have any of these symptoms. Have regular screenings at your doctor or clinic.  The different screenings include: Mammogram: Is breast imaging using low-dose X-rays to form a 2D image. The advantage is it often reveals abnormalities undetected in a clinical breast examination. Four images are taken, two of each breast. The breast is lightly compressed for less than 1 minute during the examination to improve diagnostic accuracy. Tomosynthesis: This is a form of 3D mammography and uses X-rays as well as sophisticated software to create a 3D image of the breast. It is considered better at detecting cancer and reducing false positives in dense breast tissue.  It is invaluable in problem-solving and is used in combination with 2D mammography. Breast Ultrasound: Ultrasound is a supplementary investigation used to further evaluate morphology, blood flow, and consistency of masses and lymph nodes that are abnormal mammography.  It uses no radiation but rather real-time imaging, using sound waves to create an image. It’s a slightly longer process and is also valuable in problem-solving. It is used in combination with a mammogram not in place of it.  MRI: The digital MR image is created using strong magnetic fields and radio waves but no radiation. You will receive an intravenous injection and then lie on your stomach, in an MRI ‘tunnel’ for around 45 minutes.  An MRI for breast screening is usually used for problem-solving, high-risk screening and for women who have breast implants. Biopsy: A breast biopsy may be recommended when a suspicious area is found in your breast, like a breast lump or other signs and symptoms of breast cancer. It is also used to investigate unusual findings on a mammogram, ultrasound, or other breast examination.  Thermography: Thermography is a test that uses an infrared camera to detect heat patterns and blood flow in body tissues. Digital infrared thermal imaging (DTI) is the type of thermography that can be used to show these patterns and flow in the breasts.

Advice from the experts
Parenting Hub

International Burger Day on 28 May

Burgers have always been and will always be a firm favourite. And we’ve put together some awesome recipes to help you celebrate the yummiest of yummy “any time meal”. Our added twist is burgers that work for carnivores, flexitarians and vegetarians. So whether you’re thinking local, Asian, Greek or  Plant-based, we have just the burger for you. ASIAN-STYLE MUSHROOM BLENDED BURGER Makes 4 burgers FOR THE BURGERS: 400 grams Beef Burger Mince (80/20 fat ratio) 400 grams mixed Portabella and Portabellini mushrooms, finely diced ¼ Cup Panko Bread Crumbs 2 tablespoons Oyster Sauce 3 tablespoons Ketjap Manis (Sweet Soy Sauce) 1 teaspoon Sesame Oil 2 teaspoons garlic powder 2 teaspoons onion powder 1 teaspoon ground ginger ¼ teaspoon white pepper ½ teaspoon salt 1 large egg A little oil for frying FOR SERVING: 4 Burger Buns, toasted (Sesame Seed buns are great for this burger) Asian Slaw Mix (green cabbage, red cabbage, carrots & coriander) PREPARATION: For the Burger Patties: Combine all burger patty ingredients in a large bowl and mix by hand ensuring spices well distributed Form 4 burger patties and refrigerate for a minimum of 30 minutes Grill or Fry burger patties (suggest medium) ensuring caramelization on searing BUILD YOUR BURGER: Toast Burger Buns on grill Place a little of the Asian Slaw mix onto your toasted Burger Bun base Top with Mushroom Blended Burger Patty Drizzle with Sriracha Mayo Top with Red onion Pickle & Burger Bun lid Enjoy!!!! Chef’s tips Great served with Asian Slaw Salad, Atjar Tjampoer (Sweet & Sour Vegetable Pickle) and hand-cut potato wedges tossed in rosemary salt Beef mince can be replaced with Ostrich mince for a leaner, healthier option GREEK STYLE MUSHROOM BLENDED BURGER 2 x BIFTEKIA (PATTIES INGREDIENTS: Fresh Tomato – 40g Fresh Parsley – 12g Beef Mince – 300g Button Mushrooms – 300g Stale White Bread – 1 slice Large Onion – 1/2 Dry Oregano – 3ml Ground Cinnamon – 1ml Ground Cumin – 1ml Olive Oil – 12ml Baking Powder – 1ml Salt – 1ml METHOD Drench the slice of bread in water – put aside Grate the tomato & finely chop the parsley – put aside Roughly chop the mushrooms and flash fry – put aside Fry onions in olive oil until soft – put aside Add the cooked mushrooms, onion, bread, spices, herbs, baking powder, chopped tomato and parsley to the raw mince. Add seasoning to taste Mix by hand ensuring ingredients are well distributed Form the burger patty and refrigerate for 30 minutes. Grill or fry patty FOR SERVING: Two toasted Sesame Seed buns A side salad and zucchini fries 2 x tablespoons of tzatziki to spoon over the patties Lentil & Mushroom Burger with Mushroom Bun Serves 4 Ingredients: Patty: 400g white button mushrooms 2 x 400g tin brown lentils, rinsed and drained  ½ red onion, diced 2 cloves garlic, grated 1 Tbsp smoked paprika ¼ cup flour ¼ cup breadcrumbs Olive oil  Salt and pepper, to taste  Avocado salsa: 1 large ripe tomato, diced (or use a handful of colourful cherry tomatoes)  ½  red onion, diced 2 small – medium sized avocados  ¼ cup fresh coriander leaves  Juice of ½ lemon  Freshly ground pink peppercorns, to taste  Salt, to taste  To serve: 8 large portabello mushrooms  2 large carrots, peeled & peeled further into ribbons  2 cups mixed lettuce  Sesame seeds Side suggestion- Sweet potato fries & mayo Method: For the patty:  Blitz mushrooms in a food processor until finely diced.  Add mushrooms to a hot pan with a drizzle of olive oil.  Cook out all of their water. Work in batches if necessary to not overcrowd the pan.  Scrape mushrooms into a large bowl.  Add the lentils to the dry hot pan and toast them until dry.  Add to the bowl of cooked mushrooms.  In the same pan add a fresh drizzle of olive oil and cook the onion until soft.  Add the garlic and paprika and cook for a minute until fragrant.  Add to the bowl of mushrooms and lentils.  MUSHROOM AND BEAN BURGERS  Serves 4 – 6 Mushroom and Bean Burgers: 15ml odourless coconut oil or avocado oil 1 small red onion, finely diced 1 clove garlic crushed 250g white button mushrooms, finely diced 5ml miso paste 1 can black beans, drained and rinsed 45g fresh parsley, chopped salt and pepper 2ml cayenne pepper 60g Parmesan cheese*, finely grated (or vegan cheese) 1 cup – 1 ½ cups mashed potato, cooked and mashed 1 cup panko crumbs or rye bread crumbs 2 eggs odourless coconut oil or avocado oil, for shallow frying To serve: steamed spinach, lemon zest roasted vine tomatoes in balsamic vinegar avocado wedges, grilled red tomato-based chutney a few rocket leaves Heat the oil in a pan and gently fry the onion and garlic for 5 minutes. Place the mushrooms in a food processor and blitz until fine. Add the mushrooms to the onions and fry for 3 minutes. Mash the beans with a fork or blitz in a food processor. Transfer the mushroom mixture to a mixing bowl and stir in the miso paste, mashed beans, parsley, salt and pepper, cayenne pepper, Parmesan cheese, mashed potatoes, bread crumbs and eggs. Mix well together and shape the mixture into patties and place in the fridge for 30 minutes to firm up. Heat some coconut oil or avocado oil in a shallow pan and pan fry the patties for 3-4 minutes per side. Alternatively, arrange the patties on a greased baking sheet and bake at 180°C for 15 – 20 minutes. Serve for breakfast or brunch with wilted spinach, balsamic roasted vine tomatoes, avocado wedges, chutney and a few rocket leaves if desired. FREE RANGE BEEF & PORTABELLO MUSHROOM BURGER  with oven roasted tomatoes (serves 2) BLENDED MUSHROOM BURGER PATTY INGREDIENTS 200g Free Range Beef Mince 200g Portabella Mushrooms One bun per burger 4g Finely Chopped Parsley 4g Hudson’s Secret Burger Spice60 Egg METHOD FOR BURGER PATTY Chop the parsley finely. Chop the portabella mushrooms into small pieces,

Bonitas – innovation, life stages and quality care

Stress and the physical effects on your body

It is common knowledge that an overload of stress is not healthy and can have detrimental effects on your mental and physical health. Dr Morgan Mkhatshwa, Clinical Executive at Bonitas Medical Fund, discusses how too much stress interferes with the optimal functioning of your body and mind and results in an alarming number of health issues. What is stress? Stress is a natural human response to challenges and threats in our lives. It usually happens when we are in a situation that we don’t feel we can manage or control. Medically, stress causes chemical changes in the body that can raise your blood pressure, heart rate and blood sugar levels. So, what happens to your body? Your Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is a network of nerves that helps your body activate its ‘fight-or-flight’ response. This system’s activity increases when you’re stressed, in danger or physically active. The body shifts its energy resources toward fighting off a perceived life threat or fleeing from an enemy. The SNS signals the adrenal glands to release hormones called adrenalin (epinephrine) and cortisol. The fight response is your body’s way of facing any perceived threat aggressively Flight means your body urges you to run from danger Freeze is your body’s inability to move or act against a threat Research suggests that stress also can bring on or worsen certain symptoms or diseases. What are the most common physical symptoms in reaction to stress The cortisol and adrenaline hormones released during a stressful situation can cause several changes in your body, including: Increased heart rate and blood pressure: The increased level of hormones can cause your heart to beat faster and your blood vessels to constrict, leading to higher blood pressure. Digestive problems: Stress can affect your digestive system and cause symptoms such as stomach pain, bloating, constipation or diarrhoea. Weakened immune system: Chronic stress can suppress your immune system and make you more susceptible to infections and illnesses. Muscle tension and pain: Stress can cause muscle tension and pain, especially in your neck, shoulders and back. Headaches: Stress can trigger tension headaches, migraines as well as muscular spasms in the neck and shoulders. Sleep problems: Stress can interfere with your sleep, causing difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep or waking up too early. Skin problems: Stress can exacerbate skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis or acne. Endocrine disorders caused by stress include thyroid hormones leading to hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, ghrelin and leptin, the hormones that regulate appetite, increasing hunger, melatonin, resulting in restlessness and insomnia, insulin, contributing to Type 2 diabetes. Mental health issues: Chronic stress can also contribute to the development of mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression and burn-out. How do you monitor your stress levels? To monitor your stress, first identify your stress triggers. What makes you feel angry, tense, worried or irritable? Do you often get headaches or an upset stomach with no medical cause? Is it hard to focus or do you have trouble sleeping at night? Overall, chronic stress can contribute to the development or worsening of chronic conditions such as diabetes, obesity, depression and anxiety.  Stress can be a killer. Which is why it’s essential to manage your stress.  Do this through healthy coping mechanisms such as exercise, meditation, deep breathing or seeking professional help, if necessary. And remember, your GP should be your first port of call for all your healthcare needs. We believe there needs to be coordination of care and encourage you to see your GP, who can refer you to a specialist or auxiliary provider as and if the need arises.

Bill Corbett

Four Questions to Ask Before You Discipline

In my work with parents and teachers on solving behavior challenges with children, I help them identify the problem, possible causes of the behavior, and then possible solutions for eliminating it. My goal is to send the adults away with a few simple step-by-step techniques they can implement immediately to bring about quick change at home or in the classroom. Here are four key questions to ask yourself to help you identify a current behavior issue and some common sense solutions to solve them. QUESTION # 1: Why can’t the behavior occur? Adults react unnecessarily when children behave in ways that annoy or embarrass the adult, or add more chaos to their already stressed state of mind. Adults also react in this manner in response to feelings of fear that the child may fall down or get hurt in some fashion. Stop before you react unnecessarily and ask yourself, “What is the worst that could happen if I don’t react?,” or “Why can’t my child do what she’s doing at the moment?” Let go of the urge to control everything and everybody. Avoid arranging the outcomes of everyone’s behavior. QUESTION # 2: How would the child know not to behave this way? Children see the world from a different perspective than adults, and adults unfairly assume or expect children to see it from theirs. Carefully examine the models that your children have around them to learn from and be sure to set good examples that teach what you want them to learn. Encouraging a child to read frequently, for example, works best when they see the adult reading, too. Create agreements ahead of time and set up rules before activities begin, not in the middle of them. Yes, this will require you as a caregiver to think ahead and predict behavior situations that could be challenging. QUESTION # 3: What unmet needs might the child be demonstrating? In many instances, both children and adults demonstrate surprising behaviors as a way of getting unmet needs satisfied. The little boy constantly drawing may be exhibiting his need to draw and create. Creating appropriate opportunities for him to draw and color may be all that is necessary to eliminate the problem. Giving a bossy child the opportunity to lead family activities may satisfy his need to be in charge. And relaxing over a tween or teen’s experiments with her appearance that doesn’t endanger her will satisfy her need to explore her own identity in a healthy way. Have you ever behaved in curious ways to satisfy any unmet needs of your own? QUESTION # 4: Is there a purpose to this behavior for the child? Both children and adults find ways to act out to create more purpose in their life. The little boy picking the fights with his brother discovered that it brought his busy grandmother into the room in hopes of her taking his side. The little girl who had once again become a baby was most likely responding to the jealousy she may have felt of having to share her parents with her new sibling. And my own son found a new way to annoy others by experimenting with sounds he could make with his voice. Before you get angry and behave badly as a caregiver, step back for one moment, take a deep breath, and ask yourself these four questions. Perhaps the answers they offer may allow you to see the behavior differently and provide you with an opportunity to choose an alternate response that will get you more effective results.  Behavior is usually a result of what has been learned through imitation or getting unmet needs or purpose satisfied. Avoid the urge to react and think of ways you can be proactive instead to avoid or eliminate challenging behaviors.  

Parenting Hub

Ease Your Child’s Winter Woes With Panado® Infant Drops For Pain And Fever

As a parent, nothing is more important than ensuring that your little one is healthy and happy. However, during the winter months, babies and young children are more vulnerable to typical winter ailments.1 Infants run a higher risk of respiratory infections because their immune systems aren’t fully developed.2  Panado® Infant Drops help with the relief of mild pain and fever associated with colds and flu.3 One of the most significant challenges when it comes to administering medication to babies is ensuring accurate dosing. This is where Pando® Infant Drops excel.  The medication is specifically designed to be administered in small doses, making it easier to get the dosage just right.  The dropper that comes with the medication is also designed to be easy to use and accurate, making sure that you can give your baby the correct amount of medication every time. Formulated To Be Gentle On Your Baby’s System Panado® Infant Drops contain paracetamol, which is a trustworthy4 solution for treatment of pain and fever in children.5 This means that you can rest easy knowing that your baby is getting the care they need.  Another benefit of Panado® Infant Drops is the convenience they offer. The small bottle with a dropper, can easily fit into your nappy bag, handbag, and car cubbyhole, making it easy to take with you wherever you go.  Whether you’re heading to the park, going on a road trip, or simply running errands, you can be confident that you have the medication you need to take care of your little one. The dropper also makes administering the medication convenient. You can easily give your baby the medication without having to worry about spills or getting it all over their face, or your clothing. This means that you can administer the medication quickly and efficiently, even when you’re in a hurry. Specially Designed For Infants It’s worth noting that Panado® Infant Drops are formulated specifically for infants up to a year old. Overall, if you’re looking for a pain and fever medication that is easy to use, then Panado® Infant Drops is an excellent choice. With its accurate dosing and convenience, you can be confident that you’re giving your baby the care they need during the winter months.   Other Panado® Products Suitable For Your Child  In addition to Panado® Infant Drops,3 Panado’s range for children includes Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Strawberry (50 ml | 100 ml),6 Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint Alcohol and Sugar-Free (50 ml | 100 ml),7  and Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint 5 ml Sachets. Make pain and fever care easy by shopping for Panado® products from independent pharmacies and selected Clicks, Dis-Chem, and Pick ‘n Pay stores. For more information, visit https://panado.co.za/ and join the conversations on Facebook. #Panado #ADoseOfCare         2023050910278218 References: Medical Academy. Winter illnesses and children: when to be concerned? Available from: https://www.medicalacademic.co.za/winter-ailments/winter-illnesses-and-children-when-to-be-concerned/. Last accessed 27 March 2023. UTHealth Houston. Six tips for children’s wintertime illnesses. Last accessed 27 March 2023. Available from: https://www.utphysicians.com/six-tips-for-childrens-wintertime-illnesses/  Panado® Infant Drops (Drops). Approved package insert, August 1990.  IRI Data for MAT August 2021. de Martino M, Chiarugi A. Recent Advances in Pediatric Use of Oral Paracetamol in Fever and Pain Management. Pain Ther. 2015;4(2):149-168. doi:10.1007/s40122-015-0040-z. Last accessed 27 March 2023. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4676765/ Panado® Paediatric Syrup Strawberry. Approved package insert, March 2002.  Panado® Paediatric Syrup. Approved package insert, April 2010.

Parenting Hub

HOW TO REDUCE INFLAMMATION THROUGH DIET

Incorporating anti-inflammatory foods into your diet and limiting your intake of pro-inflammatory foods may help to reduce inflammation in the body and boost overall health, says Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare. Inflammation: What is It? When the body is threatened in some way, such as by an accident, an illness, or some other type of stress, it responds by triggering a natural process known as inflammation. Inflammation involves a complicated chain of events that result in the body ridding itself of dead or damaged cells and tissues so it can start recovering. While acute inflammation is generally a good thing, prolonged inflammation has the opposite effect on the body. It can cause serious health issues, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Lifestyle choices, environmental circumstances, and nutritional deficiencies can all contribute to persistent inflammation. According to Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health, while the link between diet and inflammation is multi-faceted, there is evidence certain eating patterns may lead to chronic inflammation in some people. Fruits and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and fatty fish have, for example, have been shown to help reduce inflammation. However, highly processed, and refined meals, sugary beverages, and those high in trans fats and saturated fats have been shown to induce inflammation. But, as Murray points out, everyone’s physical make-up is unique, so what triggers inflammation in one person might have no effect on another. “If you’re having persistent inflammation, it’s recommended that you see a healthcare professional to determine the root reason and create an efficient and tailored treatment plan,” says Murray. Potentially Anti-Inflammatory Foods Researchers have shown that consuming certain meals can help lower inflammation. Examples of such foods are: Fruits and Vegetables Fruits and vegetables have anti-inflammatory properties because they are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Eat a rainbow every day by loading up on berries, greens, and cruciferous veggies like broccoli and cauliflower. These meals also tend to be high in fibre, which helps with digestion and soothes the stomach. Omega-3 Fatty Acids This beneficial fat has been shown to help reduce inflammation throughout the body. Omega-3 fatty acids are found in abundance in fatty fish like salmon, sardines, mackerel, chia seeds, flaxseeds, and walnuts. One way to guarantee adequate intake of omega-3 fatty acids is to take a supplement. Grains Grain products like whole wheat and other whole grains are a great way to get the anti-inflammatory benefits of whole foods without sacrificing any of the deliciousness. It is recommended that refined carbohydrates, such as white bread and pasta, be replaced with whole grains to promote good digestion and reduce inflammation. Herbs and Spices Turmeric, ginger, and garlic are just a few examples of spices and herbs that have anti-inflammatory characteristics and can help the body deal with inflammation. Soups, stews, and stir-fries, for example, can all benefit from the addition of these spices and herbs, which also contribute to a balanced, anti-inflammatory diet. Possible Inflammatory Foods There is evidence that some foods can promote inflammation. Examples of such foods are: Refined sugars and harmful fats The inflammation-inducing refined sugars and harmful fats found in processed foods like chips, cookies, and sugary drinks. Eating full, nutrient-dense foods rather than processed foods can help lower inflammation. Saturated Fat Saturated fat, which is abundant in red meat, is a known inflamator. When trying to lower inflammation in the body, it’s recommended to swap out some of the red meat in your diet for leaner forms of protein like chicken, fish, and legumes. Inflammation-inducing fried foods include, but are not limited to, French fries, chicken wings, and doughnuts. Rather than frying your meals, try baking or grilling it to cut down on the amount of bad fats you consume. Alcohol Consuming large quantities of alcohol is associated with increased inflammation throughout the body. Limiting alcohol consumption and drinking lower-alcohol beverages like wine or beer can help reduce inflammation. Lifestyle Modification for Inflammation In addition to modifying your food, Affinity Health suggests the four following additional adjustments to your daily routine: Exercise: Inflammation can be reduced by regular exercise’s positive effects on the circulatory system, the nervous system, and the immune system. Get at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity activity on most days of the week. Lowering Stress: An anti-inflammatory way of living should include trying to lower stress levels, as this is a known aggravating component in the body’s inflammatory response. If you’re looking for a way to relax and de-stress, try out some yoga, deep breathing exercises, or some meditation. Getting Enough Sleep: The immune system must be kept in good working order, and systemic inflammation must be kept to a minimum, both of which are greatly aided by getting a good night’s sleep. To better your overall health and reduce inflammation, you should aim for seven to eight hours of sleep per night. Quitting Smoking: Stopping Smoking can have numerous positive effects on health, including a decrease in inflammation. Giving up cigarettes is a fantastic beginning to living a healthier, less inflammatory life.   About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our range of healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to always give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

Parenting Hub

All you need to know about your newborn

Newborn Hearing Newborns can hear immediately upon birth and are able to distinguish their mother’s voice above all else. If your baby does not seem to react to your voice or does not startle with a loud noise, be sure to tell your paediatrician. Stimulating your baby’s sensesBelieve it or not your baby will learn a lot in their first year of life. One way you can help them learn is to provide stimulation for them in different forms. This can be done in a variety of ways such as stimulating their vision and hearing or through touch and movement. Remember to spend some time every day working to help your baby explore the world around them. Stimulating your baby’s vision Here are a few ways to help stimulate your baby’s vision: Make eye contact with your baby during times when their eyes are open. Look them right in the eye. They recognize faces very early in life, especially yours!This helps them develop their memory. Use a mirror to let your baby stare at his or herself. They will enjoy looking at “another” baby and watching the movements it makes. Stick out your tongue for your baby or make funny faces. Starting at 2 days old newborns can begin to mimic simple facial movements as they begin to develop problem solving skills. Hold up two pictures for your baby to look at. They should be similar, but with some sort of difference between the two – maybe one has a house and the other doesn’t. Even young babies will look back and forth between the two to try and figure out the difference between them. This can help them develop letter recognition and reading skills later. Stimulate your baby with laughing and singing Laughing and singing are great ways to stimulate your baby and have fun at the same time. Here are a few suggestions: Find ways to get your baby laughing. This can be through methods like gentle tickling, blowing on their arms and tummy, or making funny faces. As they get older you can joke around more too. Laughter is great for babies! Sing song to your baby. Learn as many as you can or make up your own words to songs you already know. Play music to your baby. This can be Bach or Mozart or even the Beatles. Learning music rhythms may help them learn math skills later on. Talk away. In other words, have a silly, fun conversation with your baby. Chat away and pause at places where your baby would speak in the conversation. As your baby grows, they will learn   to start chatting to fill in the spaces you leave. Be sure to make eye contact and smile a lot! Play peek-a-boo, it’s great for getting babies to giggle and laugh – it also teaches them that objects can disappear and then come back. Physical activities for your baby As your baby gets older and is more mobile encourage physical activities that can help with motor skills, coordination and problem-solving. Here are a few suggestions: Turn yourself into a playground by lying on the floor and letting your baby crawl all over you. This will help boost their problem-solving skills and coordination. Teach them to move to music. You can teach them to do the twist, twist and shout or even twirl like a ballerina. This helps them develop skills like balance and coordination as well as a sense of rhythm. Create an obstacle course by laying toys, boxes or sofa cushions on the floor and then show your baby how to crawl over and around or under the items. This helps with problem-solving, strength and coordination. Play pick up by allowing them to drop toys or pieces of wadded up paper off their highchair into a bucket or other safe container. This helps them learn and explore the laws of gravity.

Squish

These 5 foods can help boost your child’s immunity this winter

These 5 foods can help boost your child’s immunity this winter The food your baby and toddler eats can positively impact their immunity. By including these five foods in your little one’s meal and snack times you can help promote year-round good health.       You’ll find a whole range of recipes on the Squish website – click here – including this Summer Berry Swirl Ice Cream made with yoghurt.   Squish Purees containing sweet potato are great on their own, or can be added to recipes to create tasty meals, like this Chicken + Sweet Potato Risotto and these Sweet Potato Pancakes.   Try this quick and easy Cheesy Mixed Vegetable Egg Scramble – it’s always a winner!   Looking for more immune-boosting recipes? Click here.

Bonitas – innovation, life stages and quality care

YOUR GUIDE TO A HEALTHY PREGNANCY

Looking after your health is important, but even more so when you are an expectant mom.  There are several steps you can take to ensure you have a healthy pregnancy and give your little one the best possible start in life, here are a few tips brought to you by Bonitas Medical Fund. Eating right is vital Eating healthily during pregnancy will help your baby to develop properly.  There’s no need to go on a special diet but, it is important to eat a variety of foods every day to get the right balance of nutrients that you and your baby need. Eating healthily often means just changing the  the foods you eat so that your diet is varied. Staying active is a must Regular exercise will help you control your weight, improve circulation, boost your mood and help you sleep better. Pilates, yoga, swimming and walking are all great activities for pregnant women. Aim for 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week. Listen to your body though and don’t overdo it. Be sure to check with your doctor first, before starting any exercise programme. Approach chores with caution Chores like scrubbing the bathroom or cleaning up after pets can become risky when you are pregnant. Exposure to toxic chemicals, lifting heavy objects or coming into contact with bacteria can be harmful.  So, avoid heavy lifting, climbing on ladders, changing the kitty litter, using harsh chemicals and standing for long periods of time. Take care of your feet Weight gain during pregnancy throws off your centre of gravity, which puts extra pressure on your feet. This can cause painful flattening out of the feet. You may retain fluids too, which can make your feet and ankles swell. To prevent this, wear comfy shoes with good support. Many pregnant moms find they need a larger shoe size even after they give birth, so go a size up if you need to. Benefits for you and your baby Bonitas offers a wide range of maternity benefits as well as benefits for newborns and babies.  These are paid for from Risk so they are in addition to your savings and day-to-day benefits. Some are: Maternity benefits Having children is expensive. That’s why Bonitas pays for your maternity benefits in addition to your savings and day-to-day benefits so you can focus on the things that really matter. Contact The Bonitas Maternity Programme today to see all the benefits when you click here. Bonitas is also in the process of establishing a comprehensive mother and baby support programme which will offer pregnant moms a range of benefits including: 24/7 pregnancy care helpline Dedicated Bonitas care advisors Pregnancy education SMSs and emails Online pregnancy education Bonitas pregnancy events with expert speakers on prenatal and postnatal care The full programme has bee available since March 2020 and will ensure there is sufficient support for moms throughout the pregnancy journey.  Education and information will be provided to allow for healthier pregnancies which in turn could support higher incidences of natural birth. But there will also be management and support for pregnancy complications including miscarriage and gestational diabetes. In addition, your stay in hospital when your baby arrives will also be covered. Please make sure you pre-authorise your hospital stay after your 24th week of pregnancy. Please note: Your maternity benefits will depend on the medical aid option you have selected.   Newborn hearing screening Significant hearing loss is the most common disorder at birth which is why screening all newborns for hearing loss is internationally recommended. We cover two electrophysiological techniques, auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and optoacoustic emissions (OAE) for all babies under 8 weeks old, in or out-of-hospital allowing you to ensure your baby’s hearing is intact or intervene early if necessary. Congenital hypothyroidism screening Cover for TSH tests (to screen for congenital hypothyroidism) is available on all options for children under a month old. Help is just a call away with BabyLine BabyLine (0860 999 121) is the first dedicated children’s health advice line in South Africa. It is available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. The service is run by paediatric-trained nurses who assist with any queries related to your little one’s health and wellness. The benefit is available to all Bonitas members and is for children under 3 years, it offers: Home care advice Clinic/primary care/GP referral for the same day Clinic/primary care/GP referral for the following day After-hours care within the next six hours Immediate referral to the E

Squish

6 tips for easy weaning

Weaning your baby from breastmilk or formula on to solids is an exciting next step in their growth and development. But every baby is different, and some take to the exciting new tastes and textures of solids easier than others. These simple tips will help take the stress out of your baby’s weaning journey.   1. Don’t be over ambitious Weaning is a process and won’t happen overnight. Remember that up until now your baby has been accustomed to getting food delivered by a bottle or breast and will need time to adapt to the new tastes and textures of solids. Let your little one set the pace, and don’t force the issue. If they outright reject the food you offer, pack it away, offer breast or bottle, and try again later or the following day when your baby is well rested and isn’t too hungry.  2. Start small Start small – and don’t introduce too many tastes at once. Offer only a small amount of food at a time – around a quarter of a teaspoon – then slowly build up the amount of food your baby has in one sitting. Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Purees are specifically created for weaning babies and because they have a screw-top lid you can just use what you need then pop the rest in the fridge. This really cuts back on food waste – and saves you money – especially when you’re starting off on your baby’s weaning journey and are only serving a small bit at a time.   3. Watch what you add Don’t make the mistake of adding salt or sugar to try and make food more appetising – babies haven’t yet acquired a taste for seasoned food. Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Puree is made from quality fruit and veg and doesn’t contain any colourants, preservatives or flavourants – and it has no added sugar or salt. This means it really is as good as homemade! 4. Check heat Always check the heat of your little one’s food before you serve it by testing a small amount on the back of your hand. Squish 100% Veggie Purees can be heated in the pouch by placing it in warm water or decanted into a microwave-friendly bowl and heated on low in the microwave.  5. Try, try and try again Experts say it can take seven tries before your baby will accept a new taste – so don’t give up. If they reject one flavour today, don’t force them to eat it. Instead try again at the next feed, or the next day. Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Purees come in a variety of flavours, giving you plenty of mealtime options. Our fruit puree range includes Apple; Pear; Apple + Guava, Banana + Apple; Pear + Prune; Banana + Strawberry; Fruit Salad; Mango + Banana; and Summer Berries. Squish fruit and veg puree range includes Butternut + Carrot; Pear + Sweet Potato; Mixed Veg; Apple, Beetroot + Guava; Apple, Sweet Potato + Sweetcorn; and Sweet Potato, Apple + Cinnamon. 6. Get ready for mess! Mealtimes are going to be messy – there is absolutely no doubt about that! It is better to simply accept you’ll be doing a bit of a clean-up, rather than turn what should be a special time to bond with your baby into a stressful occasion or battle of wills. You’ll have plenty of time in the future to teach your little mealtime etiquette!

Parenting Hub

10 tips for parents of fussy eaters

Having a fussy eater is more common than you think and there’s nothing like a food battle with your offspring to raise your stress and anxiety levels. Paediatric Dietician Kath Megaw says that fussy eating in children isn’t just common, it’s completely normal. “While we don’t know exactly why kids become fussy, neophobia (the fear of novel foods), seems to be part of the answer. A fear of trying new foods is hard wired within us from prehistoric times when some of our food choices may have proved poisonous,” says Megaw. Fussy eating generally starts after the age of one, a time of empowerment for a little one where they feel the need to assert their authority and eat what they want. Around this stage the growth spurt slows, and so the demand for energy is less, which means their appetite may be lower, escalating the fussiness. Finally, food may be fuel to us, but to a toddler it is also power, power to play up to your parents and get their undivided attention!  Megaw recently worked alongside UCOOK to develop a range of nutritious, no-nonsense frozen kid’s meals. She says that witnessing the battles of parents daily inspired her to help develop a range of foods that are attractive to fussy eaters but contain essential vitamins and minerals from a large quantity of hidden vegetables in every dish. Megaw offers 10 tips for parents of fussy eaters: 1.You are not alone 30% of children go through a fussy eating phase. Remind yourself of this every time dinner erupts into a full-on food fight. This is a phase and like teething and colic it too will pass, be patient! 2.Try not to get frustrated Most children will eat when they are hungry. Whilst feeding your offspring might seem the most natural and basic duty of a parent, it can be a battle. However emotional you feel about your child’s eating habits keep it to yourself as they will only play up if they feel they are getting attention. 3.Set an example Mealtimes are important for a family as a focus for communication and bonding. Aim to have everyone eating the same thing in the same sitting. Children mimic their parents, so try to eat all the vegetables you’d like to see them eating.  4.Have a routine Schedule three meals and a few small snacks throughout the day and stick to it like clockwork. Allocate 30 minutes for meals and then lift the plate whether it’s finished or not, without making a fuss. Making them sit staring at a cold plate creates negative associations and ultimately adds to your own frustration. 5.Don’t let them fill up on liquids Overdrinking is one of the main causes of fussy eating. The tiny stomach of a child is easily filled up with fluid reducing their appetite for food. 6.Keep trying As we are hardwired to fear new foods, similarly we favour sweet foods over bitter ones as our instinct tells us the latter might be bad or even deadly. Children like foods that are most familiar to them. If at first you don’t succeed you may need to try 10-14 times before they will actually taste it. 7.Hide the goodness Hide your healthy foods in clever ways so that children get used to eating these foods unknowingly. This will train their taste buds without them even knowing about it. 8.Start small Avoid offering large portions of food. Aim for small portions, which enable them to ask for more, the holy grail for the parent with a fussy eater! Limit their choices. A huge array of food on a plate will only put them off. 9.Make it fun Encourage your kids in the preparation of food and make it fun. Dinosaur pasta and fairy mash sounds much better than boring bolognese and potatoes. Be adept at sneaking vegetables in, concealed in pasta tubes, grated, diced or pureed. 10.Beware the bribe If you offer an alternative of chips, biscuits or lollies, then they are sure to perform at the next mealtime knowing you will cave in. Praise a clean plate and avoid confrontation if they have only picked at the food. Megaw says that many parents feel isolated and alone in these struggles, which is unnecessary. “Ultimately, if your child is displaying worrying symptoms like behavioural issues, fatigue, digestive problems or weight loss seek advice from your Paediatrician, GP or Paediatric dietitian.” The new UCOOK Kids Frozen range launches with delicious options including UCOOK Kids Beef Rump Bites & Root Veg Mash and Mushroom Bites & Root Veggie Mash as well as old favourites like Mac & Cheese and Chicken & Broccoli Bake. See more at https://www.ucook.co.za/craft-kids.

Squish

5 easy freezer hacks for babies and toddlers

With just a little forward planning and some imagination, your freezer can become your go-to pantry for quick and easy snacks and meals. Try these five clever tips, hacks and ideas – they’ll save you precious time and energy. 1. Goodness-packed slushies Keep a stash of Squish 100% Fruit Purees and Squish Yogi pouches in your freezer. Pop one in your child’s lunchbox and by snack time it will have gently melted, creating a delicious slushie they can enjoy straight from the nozzle. Squish 100% Fruit and Yogi pouches are made using quality fruits, and are free of colourants, added sugar, flavourants and preservatives, so you know they’ll be getting only nature’s best. Plus, the frozen pouches will keep the rest of the lunchbox goodies cool too. 2. Meals in minutes On busy days it isn’t always easy to find time to prepare a healthy supper from scratch. That’s when you need to have a nutritious meal on hand to simply grab out of the freezer and heat in the microwave. Next time you have mince leftover from suppertime, place it in small silicone cups, then add a layer of Squish 100% Veg Puree and top with mash. Any of the Squish flavours will work well – try Squish 100% Butternut + Carrot Puree or Squish 100% Mixed Vegetable Puree. Place the silicone cups in the freezer and rest assured that you’ll always have a balanced meal on hand for your toddler. These are also really handy to take along for weekends away. Visit the Squish website for more delicious freezer-friendly recipes.  3. Shards of deliciousness Get your little one involved in helping you make these yummy yoghurt shards. Mix together plain yoghurt and any leftover Squish 100% Fruit Puree you have in your fridge. Squish pouches come with a resealable lid, which means you never have to waste a drop. Mix yoghurt and fruit together well, then spread evenly over a baking tray lined with clingfilm or baking paper. Now dot with your toddler’s favourite fruit, cut into small chunks. Freeze overnight. Break into shards for your child to enjoy as a snack – it’s also delicious crumbled over oats or cereal.  4. Make it a double Did you know you can substitute the sugar in your favourite pancake or muffin mix with Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Puree to make them even more tasty? Next time you’re baking, make a double batch then pop them in a zip-lock bag and freeze. That way you’ll always have tasty snacks on hand to add to your child’s lunchbox or for an afternoon treat. 5. Cool bananas Little ones love these fun and delicious Bananasicles – and they couldn’t be easier to make. All you need is an ice lolly stick, banana, plain yoghurt, and Squish 100% Fruit Puree – use Summer Berries to make them pop! Cut the banana in half lengthways, then gently push in the lolly stick. Place on a baking tray lined with clingfilm or baking paper. Mix together the yoghurt and puree, then spread the mix over the bananas, and place in the freezer for one hour. For special occasions, finish off with sprinkles. For the full recipe, click here.  For more tips, hacks and recipes, visit squish.co.za

Parenting Hub

HEALTH BENEFITS OF DARK CHOCOLATE

While many people enjoy dark chocolate for its rich flavour, Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, says it also offers several health benefits that make it a smart choice for those looking to indulge in a sweet treat without compromising their health. “Dark chocolate contains a high concentration of cocoa solids, which are rich in antioxidants called flavonoids,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “However, when consuming dark chocolate, choosing high-quality chocolate with at least 70% cocoa solids is essential to maximise its health benefits. Dark chocolate with added sugar, milk, or other ingredients may not offer the same health benefits. And remember, dark chocolate is still high in calories and fat, so limit yourself to a small serving.” The Surprising Health Benefits of Dark Chocolate Rich in Antioxidants Dark chocolate is rich in antioxidants, which help protect the body against damage from free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause damage to cells and contribute to the development of chronic diseases like cancer and heart disease. Dark chocolate’s antioxidants can help neutralise free radicals and reduce the risk of these diseases. Heart Health Several studies have shown that eating dark chocolate can benefit heart health. Dark chocolate contains flavonoids, compounds that help lower blood pressure and improve blood flow. This can reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke. Additionally, dark chocolate can help reduce LDL (harmful) cholesterol levels, another risk factor for heart disease. Mood Booster Dark chocolate contains a compound called phenylethylamine, which can help to improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression. Additionally, dark chocolate contains small amounts of caffeine and theobromine, which can help to boost energy levels and improve mental clarity. Brain Function Eating dark chocolate may also be beneficial for brain function. The flavonoids in dark chocolate can improve blood flow to the brain, enhancing cognitive function and memory. Additionally, dark chocolate’s caffeine and theobromine can help improve mental alertness and focus. Vision Health Dark chocolate flavonoids can improve vision and lower the risk of age-related macular degeneration by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the retina and improving blood flow. Skin Health Dark chocolate is also beneficial for skin health. Dark chocolate’s antioxidants can help protect the skin against damage from the sun and other environmental factors, reducing the risk of wrinkles and other signs of ageing. Additionally, the flavonoids in dark chocolate can improve blood flow to the skin, enhancing skin hydration and texture. Weight Management While chocolate is often thought of as a food that should be avoided when trying to lose weight, dark chocolate can be beneficial for weight management. Dark chocolate is rich in fibre, which can help to keep you feeling full and satisfied. Additionally, the flavonoids in dark chocolate can help reduce cravings for sweet and salty foods, making it easier to stick to a healthy diet.     About Affinity Health   Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

Bonitas – innovation, life stages and quality care

Mental health and pregnancy – Antenatal depression

Your health during and after your pregnancy is important to both you and your baby. Normally when people think health, assume physical, but your mental health is just as important. If you are struggling with anxiety and depression during your pregnancy, this is known as antenatal depression. You’re probably chalking your mood swings and doubts down to pregnancy hormones, but when should you start to be worried about your mental health during pregnancy? What is antenatal depression? Mood swings during pregnancy are fairly normal, as your body is adjusting to changing hormones. Not only are your body’s hormones changing, but the emotional, physical and psychological changes that you are going through during pregnancy can also be overwhelming. Most antenatal care focuses on physical health, meaning depression and anxiety are often overlooked during pregnancy. Postnatal depression is far more commonly addressed than prenatal, and it is important that both are equally acknowledged – your mental health is always important. Antenatal depression is different from mood swings in the way that it is a persistent feeling of sadness or loss. Many of the symptoms of depression are similar to what can normally be experienced during pregnancy, such as fatigue and changes in sleep patterns. However, when you are struggling to function normally day to day, or your symptoms persist for weeks on end, it may be time to find professional help. What can I do if  I think I have antenatal depression? If you are worried that your feelings of frustration or sadness are not just normal pregnancy blues, here is what you can do to help yourself. Talking to a professional is always a good first step as they can guide you in a direction that will work best for you and your baby. You could help yourself feel better by looking after yourself. Eating healthy, exercising and sleeping well are all ways in which you can boost your serotonin levels. Speak to people with similar experiences or open-up to your close friends and family. Building your support network can help you feel less isolated and alone.

Parenting Hub

10 MYTHS ABOUT DEPRESSION

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, says it is important to understand the facts about depression to dispel myths and misconceptions that can prevent people from seeking help. “Depression (major depressive disorder) is a serious mental health condition that, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), affects more than 264 million people globally,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “Despite its prevalence, there are many myths and misconceptions about depression that can make it difficult for people to understand and seek help.” Affinity Health explores 10 common myths about depression and provides accurate information to help dispel these misconceptions. Myth: Depression is Just Sadness Fact: While sadness is a common symptom of depression, it is not the only one. Depression can also cause feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and emptiness, as well as physical symptoms like fatigue, insomnia, and changes in appetite. Myth: Depression is a Personal Weakness or Character Flaw Fact: Depression is a medical condition caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, and biological factors. It is not a personal weakness or a reflection of character. Myth: Depression is a Choice Fact: People with depression cannot simply choose to be happy or snap out of it. Depression requires treatment and support. Myth: Depression is not a Serious Illness Fact: Depression can have significant impacts on a person’s mental and physical health, as well as their relationships and ability to function in daily life. Myth: Only Weak People Get Depressed Fact: Depression can affect anyone, regardless of their strength or resilience. In fact, many people who experience depression are highly accomplished and successful. Myth: Depression is a Normal Part of Ageing Fact: While depression can occur at any age, it is not a normal part of ageing. Older adults, however, may be at higher risk for depression due to factors like loneliness, financial difficulties, chronic pain, and lack of purpose or meaning. Myth: Talking About Depression Makes it Worse Fact: Talking about depression can help people to feel understood and supported and reduce feelings of social isolation and shame. Myth: Depression is Just Like Sadness, and it Will Pass Fact: Sadness is a normal emotion everyone experiences during stressful or sombre times. Life events such as losing a loved one, financial troubles, or job loss can trigger sadness. However, sadness often passes with time, but depression persists, affecting daily life. Myth: Medication is The Only Treatment for Depression Fact: While medication can be an effective treatment for depression, it is not the only option. Therapy, lifestyle changes, and other types of support can also help manage depression. Myth: Once Someone is Cured of Depression, they will Never Experience it Again Fact: Depression is a chronic mental illness that can recur throughout a person’s life. While treatment can help to manage symptoms, it is important for people to continue to prioritise their mental health and seek support as needed. Need Help? If you believe you are suffering from depression, talk to your healthcare provider, who can assist with a treatment plan. Alternatively, contact The South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) at (011) 234-4837 during office hours or 0800 456 789 (24-hour helpline).   About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to always give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

Parenting Hub

Discover the power of targeted nutrition with JSHealth: Your Guide to optimal health and wellness

JSHealth is not just another supplement brand. JSHealth offers unique, nutritionally formulated products designed for specific health needs such as skin health, mild stress and anxiety, and bloating. The range of products is simple and easy to navigate, with each formula’s name reflecting its purpose. The brand’s philosophy centers on quality, with ingredients in each formula chosen by a team of experts to ensure efficacy and optimal dosages. This Australian-made brand has total control over the quality of ingredients, combination, and dosage. A few hero products from the range includes: JSHealth Mild Anxiety + Stress Tablets 60’s (R699.00) The Mild Anxiety + Stress formula is designed to help reduce the occurrence of symptoms of mild anxiety, and relieve symptoms of stress and nervous tension, based on traditional Western herbal medicine with a special combination of rejuvenating adaptogens, herbs, antioxidants, and vitamins. Passionflower is traditionally used in western herbal medicine to help reduce the occurrence of symptoms of mild anxiety, stress, and nervous tension, relieve irritability, and calm and soothe the nerves. Ashwagandha is traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine as a rejuvenating tonic. It is an adaptogen to help the body adapt to stress and relieves feelings of general malaise and debility. Vitamin B5 supports cognitive and mental function. Vitamin C is an antioxidant that reduces free radicals formed in the body. JSHealth Detox + Debloat Tablets 60’s (R699.00) One formula inspired by a double-benefit approach for the digestive system and the liver is designed to support your confidence and nourish your health from the inside out. Fennel is traditionally used in Western herbal medicine to decrease, reduce and relieve abdominal bloating and distention. Turmeric is traditionally used in Western herbal medicine to relieve digestive discomfort, support liver health and is an antioxidant. Milk thistle is traditionally used in Western herbal medicine to support natural cleansing and detoxification. JSHealth Hair + Energy Formula 30’s/60’s (from R499.00) Hair + Energy supports hair health and growth (when dietary intake is inadequate), plus maintains energy levels, with Iodine from an exclusive blend of JS Health Kelp™ and Zinc. It also maintains hair thickness and strength in females. Iodine maintains and supports hair health (when dietary intake is inadequate). It maintains and supports energy levels and body metabolism, as well as thyroid gland function and thyroid hormones. Zinc helps maintain normal healthy hair, skin and nails. JSHealth Skin + Digestion Formula 60’s (R699.00) Did you know that the gut and skin are linked? This formula targets both. Think of Skin + Digestion as an inside-out tool for skin health, which works to relieve the symptoms of acne, pimples and more. At the same time, it relieves digestive discomfort, it is based on traditional Western herbal medicine, and supports gastrointestinal health. This comprehensive formula also helps support collagen production. Zinc relieves symptoms of acne, pimples and minor skin eruptions. Burdock is traditionally used in Western herbal medicine to relieve minor skin eruptions and symptoms of mild eczema and dermatitis. Vitamins B2 and C maintain and support skin health. Turmeric is traditionally used in Western herbal medicine to relieve digestive discomfort and promote bile secretion. JSHealth Vitality X + Collagen (R999.00) Vitality X + Collagen is our signature inner beauty powder. This unique blend harnesses the benefits of sustainably-sourced Marine Collagen enhanced with a unique combination of ingredients for skin health and vitality. The Marine Collagen peptides are activated through the hydrolysation process for high absorption. Marine collagen supports collagen formation, skin integrity and structure, skin hydration and elasticity in females and maintains collagen health. JSHealth Vitamins is available at selected Clicks stores and online at www.clicks.co.za

Clever Me

WHAT IS SENSORY PROCESSING DISORDER?

Adequate awareness, interpretation and use of sensory information is the cornerstone of all learning and behaviour. Some sensory deficits are easy to recognise, such as poor vision or hearing. Other difficulties are less easy to interpret, as they may result from difficulty with processing stimuli through movement, touch, pressure, position and gravity receptors. Some children may have adequate hearing, smell and eyesight but have trouble with using visual, auditory and olfactory information for function. Sensory Integration is the organisation of sensations for use. The brain locates, sorts and orders sensations- somewhat as a traffic officer directs moving cars. This enables interpretation of our surroundings and helps us form adaptive responses that form the foundation for behaviour and learning. When the flow of sensations is disorganised every second of one’s life can be like a rush hour traffic jam! Messages get jumbled and some don’t reach their destination at all.  Improving sensory integrative functioning is like inserting traffic lights that order and control streams of traffic, organising the tangle of cars and roads, and helping the child predict what to do when the traffic gets really bad. School environments can be overwhelming to children with Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) due to the enormous quantity and variability of incoming sensations. Common difficulties experienced by children with SPD include delayed development of activities of daily living (such as going to the toilet, putting on shoes), delayed milestones, poor fine motor coordination, poor gross motor coordination, poor posture, restlessness, clumsiness, difficulty socialising, anxiety and low self confidence, poor concentration and attention, poor impulse control, avoidance of play ground, very rough play, very active, very labile, slow work speed, difficulty learning letters and numbers, poor handwriting, difficulty with spatial orientation, difficulty following instructions, distractibility. These are only some of the problems that are most frequently experienced by children with minor or major sensory integrative difficulties. Each child’s symptoms, behaviour and academic ability is different. A closer look at how our senses process information: Vision Organ-Eyes Must be able to detect light and movement Must be able to follow moving objects Must be able to focus on one object Must be able to work together or separately (usually 1 eye dominant Visual processing Transmission of visual input to Occipital lobe in brain where information is interpreted. Manipulate visual concepts (figure ground, visual closure, spatial relations, position in space, form constancy) Integrate visual information with movement (Eye hand coordination, visual motor speed, copying) Filter and ignore non-pertinent, non-threatening information. Hearing Organ- Outer ear, middle ear (ear drum, ossicles), inner ear (Cochlear) Must be able to detect sound Must be able to interpret sound into meaningful information Must be able to accommodate according to noise Auditory processing Transmission of sound to Temporal Lobe and formation of adaptive response Discrimination between loud and soft/high and low/far and near Speech and language reception and expression Filter and ignore non-pertinent, non-threatening information Integration with movement impulses (semi-circular canals in inner ear) Connection with arousal and attention levels Position and movement Organ- muscles & joints Proprioceptive processing Transmission of information about position and movement of our bodies to the brain stem and cerebellum Automatic adjustment of posture and appropriate contraction/relaxation of muscles Enables subconscious awareness of the position of our limbs in space, and therefore provides foundation for any coordinated movement for function. Predicts self-orientation, self-awareness and in many cases interest and satisfaction in tasks. Gravity, Head Movement & Balance Organ- Semi-circular canals and otoliths in inner ear Vestibular processing Transmission of information about vibration and gravity (Otoliths), movement, acceleration and position of the head (Semicircular canals) to the brain stem, cerebellum and cerebrum. Interpretation of exactly where we are in relation to gravity, how fast we are going, and in what direction. Enable subconscious adjustments needed for balance, posture and movement Interaction and integration with all other impulses travelling up and down the spinal cord. Major influence on emotional and social responses, self regulation, arousal and concentration, self esteem, anxiety etc Types of sensory responses High threshold- need more sensory information than others to experience the same sensation. Child may present as lethargic, disinterested, weak, and spaced out (low registration). Child may present as very active, have poor motor planning, touches things, moves/spins/jumps etc., likes heavy blankets/tight clothing, inattentive, restless, rough during play. Both types are associated with poor body concept, difficulty with fine and gross motor skills, poor self-confidence. Low threshold- are more easily stimulated by sensory stimuli, need less input than others to experience same sensations. Child may present as anxious, avoidant, difficulty eating, poor motor planning, dislike of being messy, behaviour deteriorates in noisy environments, dislike of change, difficulty with attention and concentration, tantrums Common categories of SPD Dyspraxia Bilateral Integration and Sequencing Visual Praxis Modulation (Over-responsive/Under-responsive) What to do for kids with SI difficulties: Be patient. Kids with SPD take longer to develop thing even though their cognitive function may be normal. Allow more time for individuals with SPD to complete tasks (including going to the toilet, understanding a new concept etc.,) within appropriate classroom boundaries. Help them deal with frustrations and difficulties experienced as a result of SPD. Children with SPD often appear naughty, aggressive, oppositional and disengaged and are often associated with hyperactivity. These behaviours are the outcome of deregulation on an electro-chemical level in the brain. Use positive reinforcement for desired behaviours, and accommodations to make the environment more user-friendly’ to the SPD child. Provide a space that is quiet, dark and uncluttered for SPD kids to utilise as a regulatory tool. Explain that this is not a time-out space which is associated with bad behaviour, but a way to help our brains organise themselves again. Tents work well or you can use a desk with a blanket over it or a quiet room. Provide ample opportunity for movement. Engage SPD kids in taking messages, moving furniture, handing out books etc. Encourage SPD kids to engage in active play during break times. Seat SPD kids in the least distracting place in the classroom.

Parenting Hub

WHAT ARE THE SIGNS OF GLAUCOMA IN CHILDREN?

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, investigates the indicators of glaucoma in children so that parents and caregivers can recognise the illness and seek treatment as soon as possible. “Glaucoma is the leading cause of preventable and irreversible blindness worldwide,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “While the condition is often associated with older adults, it can also affect children, and early detection is key to preventing vision loss.” What is Glaucoma? Glaucoma develops when the optic nerve, which transmits visual information from the eye to the brain, is damaged. Increased pressure in the eye, known as intraocular pressure, is often the source of this damage. As a result, the patient’s vision gradually deteriorates, eventually leading to blindness if left untreated. Sadly, there is no cure for glaucoma, but early detection and treatment can help slow down or prevent vision loss. Therefore, regular eye exams are crucial, especially for those at a higher risk of developing the condition. What Are the Risk Factors of Glaucoma? Glaucoma risk factors include age, family history, high eye pressure, and certain medical conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure. In children, glaucoma often results from an underlying medical condition or genetic disorder. Signs of Glaucoma in Children In infants and young children, glaucoma can be difficult to detect because children may not be able to communicate their symptoms. However, there are some signs that parents and caregivers can look for, including: Cloudy or enlarged eyes: One of the most common signs of glaucoma in infants is an enlargement of one or both eyes. The affected eye may also appear cloudy or hazy. Excessive tearing: Children with glaucoma may experience excessive tearing, even when they are not crying. This can be a sign of increased pressure in the eye. Sensitivity to light: Children with glaucoma may be sensitive to light, which can cause discomfort or pain. They may also squint or close their eyes in bright light. Redness in the eye: Redness in the eye can be a sign of many eye conditions, including glaucoma. If a child’s eye appears red or bloodshot, it’s essential to have it evaluated by an eye doctor. Cloudy cornea: The cornea is the clear, dome-shaped tissue at the front of the eye. The cornea may become cloudy or opaque in some cases of childhood glaucoma. Poor vision: As glaucoma progresses, it can cause vision loss. In young children, this may manifest as a lack of interest in visual stimuli, delayed development of visual skills, or difficulty tracking objects. How is Glaucoma Diagnosed and Treated? If you suspect your child may have glaucoma, it’s vital to have them evaluated by an eye doctor as soon as possible. The doctor will perform a comprehensive eye exam, which may include measuring the pressure in the eye, evaluating the optic nerve, and examining the cornea. If glaucoma is diagnosed, treatment will depend on the underlying cause and the severity of the damage to the optic nerve. In some cases, medications may be prescribed to lower the pressure in the eye. In other cases, surgery may be necessary to improve fluid flow in the eye. Prevention and Management of Glaucoma While there is no guaranteed way to prevent glaucoma, there are some steps that parents and caregivers can take to help reduce the risk of vision loss. These include: Scheduling regular eye exams for children, especially if they have a family history of eye disease or other risk factors for glaucoma. Being vigilant for signs of eye problems, such as excessive tearing, redness, or cloudiness in the eye. Encouraging children to wear protective eyewear, such as goggles or sunglasses, when participating in sports or other activities that could lead to eye injury. Ensuring that children take any medications as prescribed and attend all scheduled medical appointments.     About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our range of healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to always give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

Bonitas – innovation, life stages and quality care

YOGA AND PILATES FOR PREGNANT MOMS

Staying active during your pregnancy is another important way of staying healthy. Not only is exercise good for you physically, but it helps relieve stress, improve sleep and boost your mood. However, being pregnant, especially later on in your pregnancy, means that you’ll need to consider what exercise you’re doing. Contact and high-risk sports are a no-no, but if you are looking for a way to stay fit, prenatal yoga and pilates could be your answer. Why yoga and pilates? Prenatal yoga and pilates can help you strengthen your body, stop excess weight gain and help prepare your body for childbirth. Both are low impact and can be adjusted to suit you and your growing baby. During your pregnancy, you may experience backache, aching legs and abdominal pain. Providing nothing serious is wrong, yoga and pilates can help alleviate pain through strengthening your body. Prenatal yoga and pilates classes are specifically tailored to expecting moms, so should be completely safe unless you are recommended otherwise. Getting ready for birth  Not only can these practices help reduce stress and anxiety, but they can also help you during childbirth. The combo of stretching and strengthening your body should mean that your body is more equipped to deal with the stress of labour and birth. Strong core and pelvic will help support your spine and help you during birth. Joining prenatal yoga and pilates classes will help you connect with other expecting moms and, a professional can guide you through which poses are best for you throughout your pregnancy.  Not only can yoga help you physically, but the breathing techniques you’ve learnt can help calm and focus you during labour. Is there anything I should be cautious of or avoid?  Although good for you, there are still certain yoga and pilates poses and exercises that you should avoid during your pregnancy. If you are new to yoga and pilates,  most studios offer prenatal classes for beginners, and, if you are practising already you can probably continue with most of your practice, just let your instructor know you’re expecting – they can help you modify your routine. Things to be cautious of are hot yoga, full inversions (poses on your head), deep twists and exercises that cause you to crunch your abdominal cavity. Your body is in constant flux as your baby develops, meaning some days you’ll feel energised whereas otherwise will leave you feeling drained. Because of this, it’s important that you are aware of how your body is feeling while practising. If you notice anything unusual or painful it’s best to chat with your doctor.

FYI Play it Safe

Cellphones, social media and your child’s mental wellbeing

Smartphones and tablets are here to stay. In fact, these devices are becoming an integral part of our future and the careers our children will eventually choose. We don’t want to deprive them from participating in the digital world, but as parents, we are concerned about the impact of cell phones, social media, and their online interactions on our children’s mental wellbeing.  Also, parents sometimes get stuck thinking about our children as the innocent toddlers and kids they were. The harder reality that we are faced with is that, even when we think they are ‘innocence impersonated’, they are subjected to an amount of peer-pressure and they participate in an online world that we cannot fully comprehend. Our children are exposed to an environment where they are constantly inundated with new apps, new online friends (who they have or have not met), new information and a new way of balancing their digital activity and reality.  Although we believe we can relate, we still talk about their “digital” and their “real” lives. The fact is that growing up in this age, children don’t have this distinction. To them, digital is part of their real lives. Let’s sit with that for a bit…  Most tweens and teenagers go through a phase of getting stuck in their minds rather than talk about everything. When they encounter events that bother them, whether in person or online, their first port of call may not be their parents. They fear that when they speak up about difficult situations and their parents try to intervene (or interfere), that the situation will get worse.  This could happen when they are being bullied or cyberbullied or when they have seen content that their minds can’t really deal with at that age. They may also encounter content such as pornography or sexting that cause them to feel guilt and shame, but remaining curious to engage even more. A significant number of children who are being cyberbullied or are exposed to inappropriate content online unfortunately turn to self-harm as a coping technique. At their age, we can not expect them to have all the emotional tools to help them open up a conversation about how they are feeling and reaching out to someone who can help them. Especially when they are feeling vulnerable and afraid. Sometimes self-harm could lead to suicidal ideation, which is the most scary thought for us, as their parents.  When our children are exposed to these situations, they need our help more than ever. They need advice from parents or caregivers to guide them on this journey. But for parents, not knowing when or how this happens means that we can’t protect their minds or their thoughts and unless they talk to us about it, we seldom have any way of knowing. Some parents keep a close eye on all the devices in the home, but with all our time constraints, it is so easy to miss something small that could lead to a bigger issue. Now, more than ever, we have to spend time building better and closer relationships with our children, to ensure they know that we are their safe space. We have to create a space to have conversations about the difficult topics like pornography, sexting, self-harm and bullying, to name a few. We also have to ensure that we have the information at hand to discuss actual difficult situations they encounter, rather than hypothetical scenarios. Where our guidance actively influences the content they search for, post and like on social media. Where we have the opportunity to guide them on who they accept as friends or which messages on chats they react to and more importantly, how they respond. If you are a parent who would really like to know what’s going on in your child’s online conversations, without invading their privacy, join FYI play it safe today. FYI play it safe will send you an alert when your child is exposed to potentially harmful situations.  Go to www.fyiplayitsafe.com and start your 7-day free trial. 

Parenting Hub

FIVE COMMON TYPES OF EATING DISORDERS

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, explains eating disorders are severe mental health conditions that can significantly impact a person’s physical and emotional well-being. Understanding the different types of eating disorders and their symptoms is essential in recognising and seeking help for these conditions. “Eating disorders are serious mental health conditions that can significantly impact a person’s physical and emotional well-being,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “There are several eating disorders, each with unique symptoms and challenges.” Affinity Health explores five of the most common types of eating disorders. Anorexia Nervosa Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterised by an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, despite being underweight. People with anorexia nervosa may restrict their food intake, engage in excessive exercise, and engage in other behaviours to control their weight. They may also have a distorted body image and see themselves as overweight even when dangerously thin. Bulimia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterised by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviours such as vomiting, laxative use, or excessive exercise. People with bulimia nervosa may also use other behaviours to control their weight, such as fasting or strict dieting. Binge Eating Disorder Binge eating disorder is characterised by recurrent episodes of binge eating without purging behaviours. During these episodes, people with binge eating disorder may feel out of control and eat large amounts of food even when not hungry. They may also eat secretly and feel guilty or ashamed after a binge episode. Orthorexia Nervosa Orthorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterised by an obsession with eating “healthy” or “pure” foods. People with orthorexia nervosa may become overly preoccupied with the quality of their food, avoiding foods they perceive as “unhealthy” or “impure.” This can lead to a restrictive and inflexible diet, resulting in nutritional deficiencies and other health problems. Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is an eating disorder characterised by persistent food intake avoidance or restriction. People with ARFID may avoid certain foods due to sensory issues, fear of choking or vomiting, or lack of interest in food. This can lead to significant weight loss, nutritional deficiencies, and other health problems. Signs And Symptoms of Eating Disorders Signs and symptoms of eating disorders can vary depending on the specific type of disorder, but there are some common signs and symptoms to look out for: Dramatic weight loss or weight gain Obsession with food and weight Preoccupation with body shape and size Distorted body image Restricted eating habits or avoidance of certain foods Binge eating or purging behaviours Excessive exercise Mood swings or irritability Social withdrawal or isolation Physical symptoms such as stomach pain, constipation, or dental problems Treatment for Eating Disorders Treatment for eating disorders typically involves a combination of medical and psychological interventions. The specific treatment plan will depend on the individual’s needs and the type and severity of the eating disorder. Medical interventions may include nutritional counselling, medication management, physical health and weight monitoring. Psychological interventions may include therapy, such as cognitive-behavioural or family-based therapy, to address underlying emotional and psychological issues contributing to the eating disorder. Support groups and self-help resources may also be helpful in the recovery process. In some cases, inpatient or residential treatment may be necessary to provide intensive support and monitoring. “It is important to seek professional help from a qualified mental health provider if you or someone you know is experiencing signs or symptoms of an eating disorder. With proper treatment and support, recovery from an eating disorder is possible,” concludes Hewlett. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading provider of health insurance, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

Bonitas – innovation, life stages and quality care

Preterm Labour

Although most moms pregnancies last 40 weeks (your baby will have spent 38 weeks in your uterus) sometimes birth can begin prematurely. If you go into labour anytime between week 20 and 37 is known as preterm labour. A baby delivered before this is known as miscarrige, and anytime after week 37 is considered normal. If you suspect you’re going into labour early it’s critical that you contact your doctor as quickly as possible so that they can assist you. Ideally your baby needs to stay in your uterus until full term, but even if your baby is premature (sometimes called a preemie) they can still go on to lead a healthy life. Here are the signs of preterm labour, how you can try prevent it and what to do if you think that your baby might be coming early. How to decrease your risk of preterm labour  There are some things that increase your risk of going into premature labour – however, that being said, just because your risk factors are low, you aren’t guaranteed not to go into preterm labour. Firstly, throughout your pregnancy staying healthy is critical. Smoking, drinking and recreational drug use are all activities that increase your risk of preterm labour (amongst other things). Good nutrition and prenatal care is a key aspect of a healthy pregnancy and baby. Other risk factors include, having more than one baby in your uterus, short intervals between pregnancies and having had another baby preterm. There are certain infections and chronic conditions that can also contribute to preterm labour. Preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, depression, chronic kidney or heart disease or infections can all lead to preterm labour and birth. Signs and symptoms that you may be experiencing preterm labour Controlling what you can, keeping a healthy pregnancy lifestyle and maintaining good prenatal care are not guarantees for your baby’s timely arrival. However, spotting preterm labour early means that you’ll be able to receive treatment as quickly as possible. Backache and pressure in your lower belly (almost as if your baby is pushing down) as well as bell cramps and contractions are all signs of premature labour. These contractions are different to Braxton Hicks contractions as they are regular. Other signs include a change in your vaginal discharge to watery or bloody, or even experiencing a gush of fluid from your vagina. What happens if I go into preterm labour? If you suspect preterm labour let your doctor know right away. Once you have alerted your doctor they’ll give you medication to stop the birth or slow down your labour. How close you are to your due date will impact on how they decide to treat you. You may be given medication to slow or stop your contractions, as well as medication that will help your babies lungs mature and grow, as if they are born preterm they may not work on their own. If your baby is born preterm it is likely they’ll need special care from the hospital as they are at higher risk of health complications. However, even if your baby is preemie they can still go on to live a healthy life.

Parenting Hub

How Probiotics Can Help Reduce Airway Swelling In Children With Allergic Asthma

Allergic asthma in children is a common condition, but don’t let it dampen your child’s spirits! With the right treatment and management plan that includes medications, lifestyle changes, and probiotics, your little one can continue to play, run, and enjoy life to the fullest. Probiotics, the “good” bacteria found in fermented foods and supplements, may help reduce the symptoms of allergic asthma in children. Studies suggest that probiotics can resolve inflammatory events, which may lead to a decrease in asthma symptoms and fewer asthma attacks,1 so your child can breathe easily and live life to the max! What is allergic asthma? Allergic asthma is a kind of asthma caused by allergens such as dust mites, mould, pet dander, and pollen.2a When a child who suffers from allergic asthma is exposed to an allergen, the airways in their body become irritated and restricted, making it harder for the child to breathe.2b This inflammation can also contribute to increased mucus production as well as swelling of the airways, both of which further exacerbate the symptoms.2c  What are probiotics? Probiotics are living bacteria that are identical to the helpful microbes found in the human gastrointestinal tract. When consumed in sufficient amounts, they can positively impact health.3 An ever-growing body of research suggests that probiotics may help in the microbiome alterations associated with asthma, thereby avoiding or lowering the severity of this respiratory ailment.4 How can probiotics help allergic asthma? Probiotics have been shown to rebalance immune response, repair dysbiosis, and mitigate airway inflammation, reducing airway inflammation and swelling in children with allergic asthma.5 Probiotics, such as Bifidobacterium infantis (a “friendly” strain of bacteria), may also improve the effectiveness of asthma medication and reduce the need to use rescue inhalers.6 Probiotics are considered generally safe for children, although it is essential to note that some children may be allergic to certain strains of probiotics.7 It is also important to note that probiotics are not a substitute for conventional asthma treatment and should be used in conjunction with regular asthma medication. If you are considering giving your child probiotics for their allergic asthma, it is crucial to speak with your paediatrician first. They can help you determine which probiotic strains are most likely to be beneficial for your child and advise you on the appropriate dosage. How Reuterina® junior and Reuterina® Vit D can help your child Reuterina® offers a wide range of products for people of all ages, including Reuterina® junior8 and Reuterina® Vit D9. Reuterina junior ® helps restore and maintain a healthy balance of intestinal flora in children, thereby improving the function thereof.10 Reuterina junior ® is an effective therapy to help decrease the incidence of airway infections in children and reduce the number of absent days from school.11 Reuterina® Vit D drops balance gut flora and build healthy immunity.12   L.reuteri Protectis® has immunomodulatory effects and prevents pathogens from multiplying in the gut. Combined with immune-strengthening Vitamin D, it can provide protection from infections and contribute to better overall well-being.13 The Reuterina® family of probiotics are available from selected Dis-Chem and Clicks stores and independent pharmacies nationwide. For more information, visit: https://reuterina.co.za/ and join the conversations on Instagram and Facebook.     References and product legals available on request. | 025 ZA Reut 022023

Philips Avent

Top Tips for new moms getting the nutrients they need when breastfeeding

When your baby relies on you and your precious breast milk to provide the essential nutrients they need to help them grow and give them the best start in life, it is crucial you are eating healthily. Finding the time and the energy to eat properly when you have a new baby to care for can be challenging, so here are a few helpful tips:

Happy Family Organics

Why vitamin D matters for babies, tots and mothers

When asked what the most important vitamin to promote a healthy immune system is, most people will automatically say vitamin C. Praised for decades for its ability to help fight colds and flus, develop and repair tissue, heal wounds and maintain healthy bones, cartilage and teeth, this powerhouse vitamin takes centre stage in every supplement aisle. If you were told you could take only one supplement for the rest of your life, we can almost guarantee that the majority of people would choose vitamin C. For decades, we have relied on it almost solely to improve our health.

Parenting Hub

Panado® Paediatric Syrup Sachets: Your Reliable Solution for Pain and Fever Relief On-The-Go, this Winter

Childhood illnesses, particularly in the Winter months as children are more susceptible to runny noses, colds and flu, can strike at the most unexpected and inconvenient moments, causing pain and discomfort for children. However, with Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint 5 ml Sachets on hand, parents can now enjoy peace of mind knowing they have a trusty solution for childhood pain and fever. Panado® provides trusted pain and fever relief, making this Winter so much easier for you and your family to navigate.   Whether you’re rushing through a crowded supermarket, attending your child’s soccer game, or travelling with your family, these sachets which can fit easily into a handbag or nappy bag, are the ultimate companion, to keep close. They are convenient,  ensuring that your child can get quick relief – anytime, anywhere. As busy parents, we understand the demands of a hectic schedule. Between school runs, work, and household chores, there’s hardly any time to slow down. With Panado® Paediatric Syrup Sachets, you can take comfort this Winter, in knowing that if pain or fever strikes and you’re not at home, you’re always prepared.  Don’t Let Winter Illnesses Catch You Off Guard Winter illnesses, such as bronchiolitis, influenza, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and the common cold can be more challenging for parents of babies and young children, who are more vulnerable when it comes to typical winter ailments.1a  Parents and caregivers tend to think that an antibiotic will solve the problem. However, antibiotics are only effective in treating bacteria and not viruses.1b Did you know that the common cold is the main reason that children miss school?2a This viral infection causes symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, cough, scratchy throat, sneezing and may also include a fever, decreased appetite, headaches, and body aches.2b Unfortunately, children are particularly susceptible to the common cold and can contract it from other children, especially in school or day-care settings where it can spread quickly.  Although the common cold can occur at any time of the year, it is most prevalent during winter or rainy seasons. The virus is highly contagious and spreads through tiny air droplets released when an infected individual sneezes, coughs, or blows their nose.2c Keep Your Child Comfortable And Pain-Free During Long Journeys Long flights, car rides, and train journeys can be taxing on children. Regrettably, airplane travel may be a headache generator, especially for pint-sized passengers. Airplane Headache (AH) is exclusively related to airplane travels, and although may occur at any time during a flight; there is a higher incidence during the take-off and landing phase.3 Headaches can also arise due to motion sickness from riding in cars and can also make your child miserable. Symptoms such as nausea, dizziness and headache are common to motion sickness.4  When it comes to travelling with kids, Panado® Paediatric Syrup Sachets are a game-changer. Panado® Paediatric Syrup Sachets can be used for pain and fever relief in children.  The active ingredient is paracetamol, which is known to be safe for use in infants and children and is included in the List of Essential Medicines for Children of the World Health Organization.5   Don’t let childhood pain and fever catch you off guard – stock up on Panado® Paediatric Syrup Sachets and stay prepared for anything – anywhere, anytime! Other Panado® Products Suitable For Your Child   In addition to Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint 5 ml Sachets, Panado®’s range for children includes Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Strawberry (50 ml | 100 ml),6 Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint Alcohol and Sugar-Free (50 ml | 100 ml),7 and Panado® Infant Drops 20 ml.8 Always administer using a medicine measure or a syringe. Do not exceed the recommended dose.  Dosage details can be found at https://panado.co.za/dosage-calculator/ and are calculated according to your child’s age and weight.  Add in your child’s age and weight, and our calculator will automatically calculate how much paracetamol you should give your child, and which product is best suited for your child. Make pain and fever care easy by shopping for Panado® products from independent pharmacies and selected Clicks, Dis-Chem, and Pick ‘n Pay stores. For more information, visit https://panado.co.za/ and join the conversations on Facebook.         2023040410269535 References: Medical Academy. Winter illnesses and children: when to be concerned? Available from: https://www.medicalacademic.co.za/winter-ailments/winter-illnesses-and-children-when-to-be-concerned/. Last accessed 27 March 2023. Penn Medicine. Common Cold. Available from:  https://www.pennmedicine.org/for-patients-and-visitors/patient-information/conditions-treated-a-to-z/common-cold. Last accessed 27 March 2023. Headache classification committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) (2013) The International classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Cephalalgia 33:629–808. Available from: https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-016-0628-7. Last accessed 27 March 2023.  Cuomo-Granston A, Drummond PD. Migraine and motion sickness: what is the link? Prog Neurobiol. 2010 Aug;91(4):300-12. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.04.001. Epub 2010 Apr 21. PMID: 20416353. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20416353/. Last accessed 27 March 2023.  de Martino M, Chiarugi A. Recent Advances in Pediatric Use of Oral Paracetamol in Fever and Pain Management. Pain Ther. 2015;4(2):149-168. doi:10.1007/s40122-015-0040-z. Available from :  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4676765/. Last accessed 27 March 2023.  Panado® Paediatric Syrup Strawberry (Syrup). Approved package insert, March 2002.  Panado® Paediatric Syrup. Approved package insert, April 2010.  Panado® Infant Drops (Drops). Approved package insert, August 1990.

OneAid

ARE ESSENTIAL OILS SAFE FOR CHILDREN?

South Africa has joined the new oil boom and you can now readily find doTERRA and Young Living essential oils on our shores. With all the apparent “positive” effects these oils are having and especially since I am seeing so many parents use these oils on their children, I decided to do a little research, because for me, it’s all in the evidence.

Parenting Hub

How to practice good oral hygiene with braces

Braces are the answer to a number of dental concerns: They are worn to straighten teeth for aesthetic reasons, to fix bite issues, to correct over-or under-bites, to help solve speech impediments and fix issues like overcrowded or spacing issues. Whether worn for cosmetic or structural issues, braces may take some getting used to and you will have to adapt your daily oral hygiene routine to ensure you keep them clean. Practicing good oral hygiene is essential at every stage of your life, not only to keep your teeth looking their best, but also to avoid the formation of plaque, cavities and gum disease. You should brush your teeth twice a day, floss daily and visit your dentist for a check-up every six months. When you have braces, you need to step up your regime and be even more diligent about your daily dental hygiene practices. It may take a little longer to brush and floss with braces, but the extra effort is well worth it – when your braces come off, you’ll have a beautiful, healthy smile. Your oral hygiene routine won’t change much when you get braces – you’ll still need to brush and floss, however, you’ll have to adapt your technique. Braces are a little more difficult to keep clean as there are plenty of little nooks and crannies for food to get stuck in. Brushing and flossing correctly will ensure all food and bacteria is removed. Be sure to do both thoroughly, even if it becomes a little time-consuming. Brushing It is inevitable that some food may get stuck in your braces when you eat. That is why it is important to increase the number of times you brush from twice per day, to after every meal. This will ensure that food particles are removed promptly, helping avoid the formation of plaque and bad breath. If you find yourself in a situation where brushing after a meal isn’t possible, rinse your mouth thoroughly with some water to remove food particles that may have collected in or on the braces. Whether you use an electric or manual toothbrush is entirely up to you. Start with your top teeth. Hold your toothbrush at a 45 degree angle against the top of your braces, and gently brush in small circular movements. Brush the inside of your top teeth and repeat the process on your bottom teeth. Flossing Flossing is the only way to clean between the teeth and along the gum line. An easy and effective way to remove plaque around dental braces and improve gum health is to use a Waterpik® Water Flosser. It is clinically proven more effective than dental floss for people with braces, plus it’s a lot easier to use too. Water flossing is fast and easy and leaves your mouth feeling great – cleaner teeth, healthier gums. Its patented pulsating action removes plaque and debris from hard-to-reach areas deep between teeth and below the gum line where traditional brushing and flossing can’t reach. This makes the Waterpik® water flosser ideal for implants and essential for braces for superior plaque removal. How does it work? For best results, use a Waterpik® Water Flosser with the Orthodontic Tip. The Waterpik® WP-450 Cordless Plus Water Flosser (R1399.00) is a compact and practical choice and can be used with Waterpik® Orthodontic Tips (R179.00), which are designed to remove hard-to-reach plaque around orthodontic brackets and wires. Fill the Water Flosser reservoir with lukewarm water and place it firmly on the base. Insert the flosser tip and click into the handle. Adjust the pressure control (start at low pressure), lean over the sink, and place tip in your mouth. Turn the unit on. Starting with the back teeth, aim the tip at the gum line. Pause and lightly brush the area between the teeth and all around the orthodontic bracket or appliance. Proceed to the next tooth until all teeth in the top and bottom rows have been cleaned. Quick, easy and effective, a Waterpik® Water Flosser is the only way to thoroughly floss when you have braces. Maintaining good oral hygiene practices will ensure your teeth are sparkling and healthy when your braces come off. Invest the time today, and enjoy beautiful teeth tomorrow. About Waterpik®  Brushing is not enough, use a water flosser supplied by WaterPik®. Clinical research has shown that the Waterpik® Water Flosser is a more effective way to floss. Water flossing is fast and easy and leaves your mouth feeling great – cleaner teeth, healthier gums. Best of all, it only takes a minute a day before brushing. The easy and more effective way to floss!™ Its patented pulsating action removes plaque and debris from hard-to-reach areas deep between teeth and below the gum line where traditional brushing and flossing can’t reach. This makes the Waterpik® water flosser ideal for implants and essential for braces for superior plaque removal.   Learn more at https://waterpikflosser.co.za/ Follow WaterPik® on social media: Instagram: @waterpiksouthafrica Facebook: Waterpik Southern Africa  

Parenting Hub

WHAT IS ALTERED MENTAL STATE?

According to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, an altered mental state can be caused by various factors, including psychological and physiological conditions and substance use. “An altered mental state, also known as an altered state of consciousness, is a change in an individual’s cognitive or emotional functioning,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “It is important for individuals to be aware of the potential risks and dangers associated with altered mental states, as they can have serious consequences for both the individual and those around them.” Several types of altered mental states can be experienced. These include: Delirium: This is a severe disturbance in an individual’s mental abilities, often characterised by confusion, disorientation, and impaired consciousness. Various factors, including medications, infections, and underlying medical conditions1, can cause delirium. Dementia: This is a decline in an individual’s cognitive abilities, including memory, language, and problem-solving skills. Dementia is often associated with ageing but can also be caused by other factors such as head injury or chronic substance abuse. Psychosis: This is a mental health condition characterised by delusions, hallucinations, and other abnormal thought patterns. Psychosis can be caused by various factors, including mental illness, substance abuse, and certain medical conditions. Coma: This is a state of unconsciousness in which an individual is unresponsive to their surroundings and cannot be awakened. Coma can be caused by various factors, including head injury, stroke, and substance abuse. Trance: This is a state of altered consciousness in which an individual is highly focused and may experience altered perception or dissociation. Trance can be induced through various methods, including meditation, hypnosis, and certain substances. Substance use: Substance use is a common cause of altered mental states. Alcohol and drugs, including prescription and illicit substances, can have a range of effects on an individual’s cognitive functioning. These effects can vary depending on the substance, the individual’s tolerance, and the amount consumed. Individuals must be aware of the potential risks of substance use and altered mental states. Substance abuse can lead to various negative consequences, including addiction, physical and mental health problems, and impaired judgment and decision-making. Signs Of An Altered Mental State Individuals experiencing an altered mental state may exhibit a range of symptoms, including: Confusion and disorientation Delusions and hallucinations Changes in behaviour and mood Impaired judgment and decision-making Difficulty communicating Where And How To Get Help If you or someone you know is experiencing an altered mental state, it is crucial to seek medical attention as soon as possible. This can help ensure that the individual receives the appropriate care and treatment to address the underlying cause of the altered mental state. If you or someone you know is struggling with substance abuse, resources are available to help. These include therapy, support groups, and rehabilitation programs. It is essential to seek help as soon as possible to address the issue and prevent further negative consequences. “An altered mental state is a change in an individual’s cognitive or emotional functioning that a variety of factors can cause. It is important for individuals to be aware of the potential risks and dangers associated with altered mental states and to seek help if they or someone they know is experiencing an altered mental state or struggling with substance abuse,” concludes Hewlett.

Parenting Hub

Roll up your sleeve – it’s time for the flu vaccination

The days are getting shorter and the nights longer which means winter is on its way … and with the change in season comes the start of ‘flu season’. Dr Morgan Mkhatshwa, Clinical Executive at Bonitas Medical Fund, provides some important information about flu and why a flu vaccine is highly recommended.  He says it’s important to take extra precautions as we head into winter. ‘Understanding how to protect yourself and your loved ones this flu season, will make a difference in staying as healthy as possible’. What is Influenza? According to the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NCID) influenza or ‘flu’ is an acute viral respiratory infection, transmitted by the influenza virus. This virus has three main types A, B and C. The currently circulating seasonal viruses are A (H1N1), influenza A (H3N2) and influenza B viruses. The flu viruses are typically in circulation in the winter months in South Africa with an average start of the first week of June. Why vaccinate? Although the flu vaccine will not completely eliminate your risk of developing the flu, it will help reduce your risk of developing a severe infection and recover faster. Annually, seasonal flu kills between 6 000 and 11 000 people in South Africa, which is they having the flu vaccine is a good precautionary measure.   Do I need a flu shot every year? The short answer is yes.  The flu virus mutates and changes which means last year’s vaccine will not keep you safe this year. The flu vaccines for 2023 are: Vaxigrip Tetra and Influvac Tetra, both available as a single dose 0.5ml shot.  The vaccine helps produce antibodies and boost your immune system to fight off the virus.  It’s best to vaccinate in April or May, before the start of flu season. Flu vaccinations are available at most pharmacies and the costs are generally covered by medicals schemes. Who should get a flu vaccine? It is recommended that anyone in the high-risk groups should have a flu shot – these include:  Healthcare workers  Individuals over 65 years of age  People with cardiovascular disease, including chronic heart disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, chronic renal disease and chronic lung disease (including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)    Pregnant women  People living with HIV/AIDS  Who should NOT have the flu vaccine? Individuals who are allergic to eggs or egg proteins as the manufacturing process involves the use of chicken eggs  Infants under 6 months of age – the vaccines are not licensed for use in such young children  Individuals who may have had a severe reaction to a flu vaccine in the past – if you are unsure discuss with your healthcare provider  Individuals who may be suffering from flu symptoms already  Can the flu shot give me a mild flu? According to the Centre for Disease Control (CDC), no, the flu shot cannot cause flu. Vaccines are currently made either with flu vaccine viruses that have been ‘inactivated’ and are not infectious or with no flu vaccine viruses at all.  However, you might experience some common side-effects from the vaccine such as are soreness, redness, tenderness or swelling where the shot was given. Serious allergic reactions to flu vaccines are very rare.   Are Covid-19 and flu viruses similar?  The World Health Organization (WHO) says that Covid-19 and influenza viruses are similar in disease presentation, mainly because both cause respiratory disease, which presents a wide range of illness from asymptomatic or mild through to severe disease and death.  In addition, both viruses are transmitted by contact, droplets and any material that can carry infection. As a result, the same public health measures such as hand hygiene and social distancing is recommended to avoid contracting flu or when you have flu. Am I able to get the flu vaccine and a Covid-19 vaccine or booster shot together? Yes, however, it is recommended that if you decide to have both vaccines at the same time, one should be on the left arm and the other on the right.  ‘The flu virus can spread very quickly,’ explains Dr Mkhatshwa. ‘Even if the flu vaccine might not prevent you getting flu, it will reduce your risk and, if you do get it, it will be a great deal milder.  ‘More importantly, by having the flu vaccine you protect others, who may be vulnerable family members, small babies, the elderly or those who are immune compromised.’

Happy Family Organics

Why fiber is essential to every diet

Whether it was in an advert, through a doctor, via a pharmacist or in a book, by now you would have heard that fibre is one of the most important nutrients we need in our diets. A lack of fibre can lead to a host of digestive (and other) problems, so it’s important to ensure you get your daily required amount. But did you know that fibre is not just essential for adults? Children, toddlers and babies are extremely reliant on it, as it keeps their bowel movements regular. Let’s take a look at what exactly fibre is, and why it’s so good for you, at every stage of your life.  Dietary fibre comes from plants: think fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, beans, nuts and seeds. Diets higher in fibre can help lower cholesterol, control blood sugar, maintain bowel health, manage constipation and help promote a healthy weight. In fact, in epidemiological studies, populations with higher dietary fibre intakes tend to have lower chronic disease rates overall. A higher fibre intake provided by foods like fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole- and high-fibre grain products is likely to be lower in calories, fat and added sugar. There are two categories of dietary fibre: soluble and insoluble. Most plant foods contain both types. Soluble fibre dissolves in liquid and forms a gel in our stomachs, so it can bind fats and can help reduce cholesterol. It can also slow down the absorption of sugars, helping normalise blood sugar. Good sources include oat bran, barley, peas and beans, nuts, seeds, and most fruits and vegetables. In addition to oat bran, psyllium husks and chia seeds are especially high in soluble fibre—if you’ve ever stirred them into a liquid, you know just how gelatinous they get!  Insoluble fibre, on the other hand, doesn’t dissolve in liquid but will actually absorb liquid, so it adds bulk to stool and helps keep digestive waste moving along. Good sources include wheat bran, whole grains, nuts, beans and vegetables. Both soluble and insoluble fibre are considered together in dietary fibre recommendations. Your daily recommendations for adequate intake of dietary fibre vary by age, gender and life stage. While these recommendations apply to most people, if you have certain digestive or bowel disorders (either acute or chronic), your healthcare provider might have asked you to reduce the amount of fibre in your diet. Children 1 – 3 years require 19 g Children 4 – 8 years require 25 g Girls 9 – 13 years require 26 g Boys 9 – 13 years require 31 g Adolescent girls 14 – 18 years require 26 g Women 19 – 30 years require 25 g Men 19 – 30 years require 38 g Women 31 – 50 years require 25 g Men 31 – 50 years require 38 g Women 50 – 70+ years require 21 g Men 50 – 70+ years require 30 g Pregnant women require 28 g Note that the fibre requirements for babies under 1 year are not well studied. Fibre is particularly important during pregnancy and postpartum when constipation can be a common complaint. In addition to dietary sources, fibre supplementation may be very useful. What can you expect from a diet high in fibre? Normal and healthy bowel movements Dietary fibre increases the weight of the stool while also softening it. This makes it easier to pass, and lessens the chances of constipation. Fibre may help solidify loose stools because it absorbs water. Having enough of it in your diet will keep you “regular” and ensure healthy bowel movements. It also aids the long-term health of the colon. A high fibre diet reduces the risk of developing colorectal cancer and also lowers the risk of haemorrhoids.  It helps maintain a healthy weight Foods that are high in fibre are usually healthier food options as they are whole foods and fresh foods. They are unrefined and unprocessed, and usually free from added sugars, salts and preservatives. High fibre foods are more filling than low fibre foods, which means you’ll eat less calories, but stay fuller for longer. A great example of this is bread. Have you ever noticed how a slice of high fibre, low-GI bread keeps you feeling fuller for much longer than a slice of refined white bread? It maintains healthy cholesterol Certain soluble fibre foods help lower the body’s total blood cholesterol levels by lowering low-density lipoprotein, also known as “bad” cholesterol levels. These foods include oat bran, flaxseed, oats and beans. Fibre aids a healthy heart too by reducing blood pressure and inflammation. It lowers blood sugar levels Those with diabetes will be happy to learn that eating lots of high fibre foods (particularly soluble fibre) can help slow down the body’s absorption of sugar and improve blood sugar levels. A diet high in insoluble fibre may also help prevent the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It improves your overall health There are so many studies showing that a high fibre diet contributes to overall better health and a longer life. Not only does it help reduce fatality from cardiovascular disease but it also protects from cancer. Why is fibre so important for babies and tots? Just like adults and children, babies and tots are at risk of developing constipation if they do not consume enough fibre. Babies that are exclusively breast-fed do not generally have a problem with constipation, as breastmilk provides adequate fluids to aid the digestive system. However, once solid foods are introduced at around six months, parents should ensure their baby drinks enough water to aid digestion, and should transition them to high fibre foods as soon as possible. Fruit and vegetables are a great place to start. As soon as baby starts weaning, it is crucial to increase their water intake. To make this easier, always offer water as a first choice for quenching their thirst. Make it more enticing by offering them water in playful and colourful sippy cups, or add in a piece of cucumber,

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