Lifestyle - Parenting Hub

Advice from the experts

WHAT ARE HORMONAL HEADACHES AND HOW ARE THEY DIFFERENT?

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, delves into the world of hormonal headaches, exploring what sets them apart from other headache triggers, and outlines strategies to manage hormonal headaches effectively. “In our fast-paced, demanding world, headaches have become a common companion. But not all headaches are created equal. Some are triggered by stress or tension, others by dehydration or lack of sleep,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “However, a particular category of headaches are related to hormonal fluctuations, aptly termed hormonal headaches.” Defining Hormonal Headaches Hormonal headaches are triggered by changes in hormone levels, particularly estrogen and progesterone in women. Hormonal fluctuations occur naturally during different stages of a woman’s menstrual cycle, during pregnancy, postpartum, menopause, or when using hormonal contraceptives. It’s during these times that women may experience hormonal headaches. Types of Hormonal Headaches Menstrual Migraines These are migraines that often occur during a woman’s menstrual cycle. Typically, they happen in the days leading up to, during, or immediately after menstruation and coincide with a drop in estrogen levels. Menstrual migraines can be more severe and longer-lasting than other migraines, and they may not respond as well to over-the-counter medications. Pregnancy Headaches During pregnancy, women experience dramatic hormonal changes, which can lead to various types of headaches. Increased blood volume and circulation may trigger frequent tension-type headaches during the first trimester. Conversely, during the second and third trimesters, migraines often decrease due to stable hormone levels. Menopausal Headaches Menopause, a period characterised by significant hormonal changes as menstruation ceases, can trigger increased headaches or migraines. Fluctuating hormone levels notably see drops in estrogen, which can lead to these headaches. Signs and Symptoms of Hormonal Headaches Hormonal headaches can manifest in various ways. The symptoms can differ between individuals and depend on the type and stage of the hormonal cycle. However, Affinity Health highlights common signs and symptoms to watch out for: Head Pain: The pain is usually one-sided and throbbing, although it can sometimes be bilateral. It can be moderate to severe and may worsen with physical activity. Timing: The headache typically occurs in the days leading up to, during, or after menstruation. This timing can help distinguish hormonal headaches from other types. Duration: Hormonal headaches, particularly menstrual migraines, may last longer than regular migraines. They can persist for several hours to a few days. Associated Symptoms: Hormonal headaches can accompany nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Some women also experience an aura, which includes visual disturbances, like seeing flashing lights, zigzag lines, or even temporary loss of vision. Other Symptoms: During periods of hormonal fluctuation, women might also experience additional symptoms like bloating, breast tenderness, mood changes, and increased irritability. Understanding these symptoms can help in early detection and management of hormonal headaches. However, headaches can also be a sign of other severe conditions. If your headaches are severe, frequent, and accompanied by other worrying symptoms (such as sudden onset, changes in personality or behaviour, fever, stiff neck, vision changes), or if they are different from your usual pattern of headaches, it’s essential to seek immediate medical attention. Can Men Suffer from Hormonal Headaches? While it’s true that hormonal headaches are more common in women due to the cyclical nature of female hormones, men can also experience headaches related to hormonal changes, albeit less frequently. Testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, does influence headaches and migraines. For example, studies have shown that men who suffer from cluster headaches, an excruciating type of headache, may have their headache cycles aligned with seasonal changes in testosterone levels. Moreover, any condition or treatment resulting in significant hormonal changes in men can trigger headaches. For instance, men receiving hormone therapy for prostate cancer, which significantly reduces testosterone levels, often report headaches. “While the connection between hormones and headaches is less studied in men than in women, it’s clear that hormones can influence headache patterns in both genders. It’s always important for any person suffering from regular or severe headaches to seek medical advice, as proper diagnosis and treatment can greatly improve quality of life,” adds Hewlett. Identifying and Managing Hormonal Headaches Hormonal headaches are typically diagnosed based on their timing due to hormonal fluctuations. Tracking your headache patterns, menstrual cycles, or other hormonal changes can help establish a diagnosis. Management strategies for hormonal headaches often involve both lifestyle modifications and medical treatments. Exercising regularly, eating a balanced diet, being hydrated, and getting enough sleep can all help minimise the frequency and intensity of hormone headaches. Medical treatments can include pain relievers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), triptans, and preventive medications. In some cases, hormonal therapies may be recommended to stabilise hormone levels and prevent hormonal headaches. Discussing these options with a healthcare provider to find a tailored treatment approach that works best for you is crucial. Empowerment through Understanding In conclusion, while common, hormonal headaches are a unique subtype of headaches that primarily affect women due to their link with hormonal fluctuations but can also affect men. Understanding the nature of hormonal headaches, their triggers, and effective management strategies can empower those affected to take control of their symptoms and improve their quality of life. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health cover provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

October 13, 2023

Sensory Smart Teenagers

The onset of adolescence is a very challenging time for both teens and their parents. It is a time that is marked with rapid changes, and it is also when many expectations are placed onto teenagers – academic and sporting responsibilities, social pressures, the development of self identity and emerging freedoms. With increased independence come increased responsibility and the pressure to fit into social groups. The teenage brain is still growing, and it is different to the brain of an adult. Nancy Mucklow, in her book The Sensory Team Handbook, explains how the pre-frontal cortex of a teenager is still developing higher functions of impulse inhibition, emotional regulation, decision-making, attending, and behavior planning and organisation. The cerebellum, responsible for muscle coordination, is also still changing, as is the Corpus Collosum, a thick cable of nerves that connects the two halves of the brain. Due to this ongoing development happening in the teenage brain, skills such as creativity and problem-solving are not yet what it will be once the brain is fully developed. The brain is an amazing thing and it is teaching itself at all times. Teens need to explore, try things out, look at positives and negatives, and make their own decisions. In addition to all the challenges they face, teenagers also need to be aware of the impact of the environment on their sensory systems. They need to understand how their sensory systems work and why it matters in their day-to-day functioning. Not understanding the effect of sensory overload and responses to sensory overload may result in one or more of the following: Inability to focus Easily irritable Disorganisation Lethargy Impulsivity Risk taking Forgetfulness Adopting bad habits First defined by Patricia Wilbarger, a sensory diet is a carefully planned and personal activity plan that provides the sensory input a person needs to stay focussed and organised throughout the day. Just as you may jiggle your knee or chew gum to stay awake or soak in a hot tub to unwind, teens need to participate in stabilising, focussing activities too. Everyone can benefit from a personalised sensory diet. Each person has their own thresholds to sensory input, but they may not have the insight on how to cope with an overloaded and stressed sensory system. Teens need to determine their own unique sensory needs and preferences to promote body and brain function. Creating a sensory diet for teens will help them to develop healthy habits of self regulation that will help them function optimally as adults. Benefits of creating sensory diets for adolescents include: Increased self-awareness Improved ability to self nurture Increased resilience Increased self-esteem and body image Improved ability to engage in meaningful life roles Improved ability to engage in social activities Improved ability to cope with triggers and stress Improved ability to make informed decisions Engage your teen in identifying the events and occasions that make him or her feel overwhelmed, irritable and lethargic. Parents, teens and teachers can each keep a journal recording what they have seen and how the teen dealt with the situation. Think of the times at home, school and socially where experiences were negative and what the possible triggers could have been. Also note the activities that help with calming and regulation, and that lead to the teen feeling better. The activities or things that lead to regulation are what the teen will place in his or her sensory toolbox or sensory kit. A sensory toolbox or kit is a bag, box or container that holds a variety of sensory tools that can be used to both calm or stimulate a person’s sensory system. A sensory kit is unique to each person as each one is unique in their sensory needs. Trial and error will result in finding the right tools for each person. Sensory diets and toolboxes should include and involve all the senses, and the teen should be encouraged to make use of regular sensory breaks to stay regulated. A sensory break is another way of taking a regular old break from seated activities or sedentary activities. It is a time used to gain the needed sensory input in our bodies to stay alert, on task, and focussed. Sensory breaks for teens should take place at least every 45 minutes. For the thrill-seeking teenager encourage fun, but safe activities such as rock wall climbing, horse riding, running, and martial arts. These activities add intensity to the sensory diet without putting the teen in danger. Sensory tools in all the sensory systems can be used as alerting, calming and organising strategies. Alerting strategies and activities: Alerting activities are used for those who look for sensory input or who are unaware of the sensory experiences in their environment. Sensory seekers often need to be bombarded with sensory input in order to register what is happening around them or to stay alert. Fidget toys – Play with “fidget toy” for hands, such as small stress ball Crunchy, spicy, sour and salty foods – Pretzels, carrots, apples, granola, and other crunchy foods Fast and irregular movements – Spinning on a swing or other equipment (can quickly become over-stimulating – use caution!) Lively music – Dancing to rock, jazz, rap, or fast kids music A brightly lit room (full spectrum or natural light) Rocking quickly in a rocking chair Running, skipping, galloping for at least 1-2 minutes (any type of aerobic exercise, really) Jumping in place (trampoline, jumping jacks, jumping rope, etc.) Motor breaks during school – stand and stretch, run an errand for teacher, walk to bathroom, etc. Push on wall as if to move wall Do “chair push-up” in sitting by lifting bottom off floor or chair, holding self up with arms Carrying a stack of books, laundry, groceries, or something else approx. 5% of body weight Drinking grapefruit, cranberry or other tart juice – try partially freezing it Drinking through a long, thin straw, or reg. straw w/thick liquids (stimulates deeper breathing) Cold shower or cold water on face or arms

October 12, 2023

Digital eye strain at work? Here’s how to help those tired eyes

Thursday 12 October is World Sight Day and, this year, the focus (pun intended) is on eye care at work. In this day and age, digital eye strain is arguably the greatest contributor to eye health issues at work. With the average office worker spending seven hours a day in front of a screen, it’s not surprising that at least half of computer users experience it. Symptoms include blurred vision, headaches, red or scratchy eyes, dry eyes and increased sensitivity to light. You may not be able to change the amount of time you’re in front of a computer, or the factors that can cause eye strain, but Wesley Language, Head of Optometry at Spec-Savers, shares some steps you can take to reduce it. Rest your eyes Look away from your computer screen regularly and focus on distant objects, as this relaxes the focusing muscle inside the eye, which in turn reduces eye fatigue. It’s advisable to keep the 20/20/20 rule in mind: every 20 minutes look away from your screens at something that is 20 feet (6 metres) away from you for 20 seconds. This allows your eyes to relax and can alleviate symptoms. Use adequate lighting and reduce glare Glare reflected from light-coloured walls and shiny surfaces, as well as reflections on your computer screen, can cause eye strain. Some ways to reduce this include: Attach an anti-glare screen to your monitor, especially if there’s a window behind you. Reduce the external light by covering windows with curtains or blinds, reduce the lighting in your room and avoid sitting under big overhead fluorescent lights. If you’re a specs wearer, use lenses with an anti-reflective coating to reduce glare. Adjust your monitor’s display settings Make sure the brightness matches the surroundings (bright room, bright screen) and adjust the text size and contrast so that it is comfortable to read. Black print on a white background is the best combination for comfort. If you’re on a screen at night, adjust the monitor’s colour temperature to reduce the blue colours on your screen. Blue light is short-wavelength visible light, and there is evidence that this may be associated with certain eye conditions. Modify your workstation The way you sit at your desk and arrange your equipment can affect your vision. Place documents on a copy stand next to the screen so you don’t need to keep looking down at a piece of paper and then up at your monitor. Make sure your workstation and chair are at the correct height. Improper posture while working on your computer can also add strain. Your computer screen should be 50 to 60 centimetres from your eyes and the centre of the screen should be 10 to 15 degrees below your eye line. Your chair should be set up so that your thighs are parallel to the floor and your back is slightly reclined Enlist the help of customised blue light computer glasses These special-purpose glasses are prescribed specifically to reduce blue light exposure and differ from regular eyeglasses or reading glasses in various ways. The usual positioning of a computer screen means that it’s within your intermediate zone of vision, which is closer than driving (distance) vision, but farther than reading – or near – vision. Generally, computer glasses have about 60% of the magnifying power of reading glasses to enable optimal magnification in this intermediate zone. Computer glasses should accurately correct any astigmatism you might have, and precise measurements should be taken to ensure the optical centre of each lens is directly in front of your pupils when you are using your preferred working distance. For these reasons, computer glasses should be customised to your individual needs. Using weaker, non-prescription reading glasses for computer use typically won’t provide the accurate vision correction you need for sustained clarity and comfort while at your computer. The very best thing you can do, though, is to have a comprehensive eye exam this World Sight Day to rule out any vision problems you may have. When you have your test, let the optometrist know you use computers regularly and how long you use them for. And while you’re there, please spread the love by pledging your eye exam, using #LoveYourEyes to post on social media.

October 12, 2023

POKEMON SUN & MOON- Ash in Aloha

What starts as a summer vacation in the tropical Alola region becomes the next exciting chapter in Ash Ketchum’s quest to become a Pokémon Master! There’s plenty for Ash and Pikachu to explore, exciting new Pokémon to discover and interesting people to learn from along the way—including the cool Professor Kukui and the fun-loving Samson Oak. More new faces will help guide Ash’s Alolan adventure, in skilled Trainers Kiawe, Lana, Mallow, and Sophocles—and a mysterious research assistant called Lillie. It’s not all set to go Ash Ketchum’s way, though – familiar foes, Team Rocket, have also made their way to Alola and are joined by new challenges, Team Skull. Premiere: Monday, 9 October @ 17:30 CAT ⏰ Tune in: Mondays – Fridays @ 17:30 CAT Also available on DStv Catch Up

October 9, 2023

LU & THE BALLY BUNCH – Ladybird Lu

Lu is a ladybird who has started school at Ms Shella’s Shell School with her new friends in the village of Ballybug. Lu and her ‘Bally Bunch’ of five insect classmates learn how to laugh, play, and navigate their new social lives together at school, dealing with the ups and downs of getting along and sharing a new space with other children and learning about one of life’s most important skills – how to be a friend. Inspired by creator Nicky Phelan’s memories of helping his mum in her own preschool, there’s nothing as funny as seeing a bunch of three-year-olds fail to navigate each other and nothing as heart-warming as seeing them learn to get along. Premiere: Monday, 9 October @ 17:40 CAT ⏰ Tune in: Mondays – Fridays @ 17:40 CAT Also available on DStv Catch Up

October 9, 2023

Just five percent of women regularly check their breasts for signs of cancer Cheeky CANSA campaign encourages female shoppers to check out their melons

According to the National Cancer Registry 2019, breast cancer remains the most prevalent of cancers amongst women, and females have a one in 27 lifetime risk of developing it. The breast is the leading cancer site in women throughout the world, states research by Bruni et al. (2019). It is also the leading cause of female cancer deaths in almost all countries, except for the most economically developed, in which it is second to lung cancer. While many factors such as age, family history, genetics and even diet play a role in the chances of developing breast cancer, early detection plays a key role in effective treatment and outcomes. To encourage self-screening, the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA) has joined hands with retail chain Food Lover’s Market and Grid Worldwide, a leading branding and design agency, in a national campaign that appeals to shoppers to check their breasts as often as they check out their fruit and vegetables. Taking place in October, for breast cancer awareness month, the Check Them Out campaign will see the fresh produce aisles of all Food Lover’s Market and Food Lover’s Eatery stores across the country brandished with cheeky stickers to remind women to perform home self-examinations to spot lumps, bumps and other irregularities, which could be signs of breast cancer. While the campaign aims to get a reaction from shoppers in a good way, the objective is to drive proactive cancer screening, as women treated for early breast cancer are likely to become long-term survivors, according to a study published in 2023 by leading medical research group, The BMJ. In addition to quirky stickers on fruits and vegetables, the Check Them Out campaign also takes the form of rebranded shopping bags and in-store promotional posters that detail how to conduct a self-examination. In-store and campaign artwork directs ladies to the CANSA page for further information and crucial next steps should they find something suspicious. As the ‘Make it Mean Something Company’, Grid Worldwide proactively approached CANSA and Food Lover’s Market for the Check Them Out campaign. “Everyone knows someone who has been affected by cancer” says Lauren Shewitz, creative director at Grid. “As a team, we wanted to create a relevant, memorable and impactful campaign that not only created awareness but also brought meaning to marketing, with the ultimate objective of saving lives.” Terri Coppin Harris, head of Culture and Communication at Food Lover’s Market, says this was an opportunity they couldn’t afford to miss. “As a retailer that holds fast to strong family values, we could not pass on the chance to weigh in and support this campaign. Breast cancer is still listed as the top invasive cancer reported for South African women, and this made us realise that it can so easily affect our shoppers and team members. We loved the idea of creating a bold reminder in our stores to educate our customers and our team about self-examination and screening.” While shoppers will be reminded to ‘check out their melons’ and ‘feel their avos’ through stickers on selected seasonal fruit, Food Lover’s Market has elevated the campaign in-house by creating an equally strong awareness campaign to engage and inform all Food Lover’s Market team members on the importance of preventative screenings. Says Coppin Harris, “I am confident that this campaign will garner the reaction we want. We’re aiming to grab shopper attention in a big way as it’s not every day you see fruit linked to some of our most intimate parts. Hopefully, it will make our consumers stop, think and take action.” “We’re excited to align ourselves with Food Lover’s Market and Grid Worldwide for the Check Them Out campaign,” adds Lorraine Govender, National Manager, Health Promotion at CANSA. “Together, we are raising awareness in a proactive and meaningful way, and delivering on the message that early detection is critical. We want to urge everyone to be aware of their own bodies, look out for anything that is unusual, and get checked out early – it could save your life.” *Breast self-examinations in African women is very low and needs to be driven through awareness tactics for behavioural change. Link to research report can be found here CANSA’s vision is to lead South Africa towards a cancer-free society. Our mission, as a non-profit organisation fighting cancer, is to enable research, educate the public and advocate for, and support, all people affected by cancer. Through collaborative research, we aim to promote and support innovative, effective, and relevant approaches to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. CANSA uses evidence-based research to inform our advocacy work, health education programmes, and service to those living with cancer. Our service comprises health, education, and advocacy awareness campaigns; CANSA Care Centres that offer a wide range of care and support services to those impacted by cancer – cancer screening and early detection; stoma and other clinical support, home-based care and medical equipment hire. We offer a free Tele Counselling service in seven languages and supply patient care and support in the form of 8 CANSA Care Homes in the main metropolitan areas for out-of-town cancer patients and CANSA-TLC lodging for parents / guardians of children undergoing cancer treatment. We further operate a national CANSA Help Desk with a toll-free line to offer information and support.  Food Lover’s Market has grown from its origins as a single Fruit & Veg City store 30 years ago to become South Africa’s largest specialist fresh produce retailer, with over 100 Food Lover’s Market stores in South Africa and 6 other Sub-Saharan countries, including Namibia. The retailer prides itself on its quality fresh produce, its theatre of food experience with a distinctive market feel and its consistent value offerings for the consumer. Food Lover’s Market caters to the discerning customer, the connoisseur, the professional ‘foodie’ and regular customers who are used to the exceptional quality and variety that has always been part of the Food Lover’s offering. Forming part of the Food Lover’s Market family, FVC International is

October 6, 2023

DEALING WITH KIDS AND PREGNANCY

Dealing with pregnancy can be tricky on its own, but when you have a toddler or young kids to look after things can become more difficult. If this is your second pregnancy, you may be struggling with morning sickness, fatigue and a tired achy body and still having to look after another young child. You’re probably wondering how to manage, so we’ve put together some useful tips to help you the second time around. Be patient with them and yourself It’s important that you’re patient with your child. Initially, they may not understand the pregnancy which can make them act out in confusion. Getting them involved and feeling like a big sibling can help them to feel excited about the new addition to the family. That being said you should also be patient with yourself. You may be feeling unwell due to your pregnancy, and with looking after another child you may find things falling by the wayside. It’s likely that only you will notice these things, so don’t be too hard on yourself. Playtime for you and them You might not always be feeling up to playtime with your little one, so this is a good time to encourage them to play independently. This way you free up a little bit more time for yourself while keeping them entertained. As your pregnancy progresses, play in ways that you can manage. Instead of running around, focus on board games, drawing and puzzles. Allowing a little bit of screen time (even together) is another way you can easily entertain your kids. Help and schedules Don’t be afraid to ask for help. If you have a partner, they are the obvious person to lend a hand, but if you are by yourself, either reach out to close family or consider getting paid help for part of the day. Another way to find some time for yourself is to nap when your toddler naps. Syncing up your sleep schedules may mean that you find yourself a little bit more rest time for when you’re feeling tired or nauseous.

October 6, 2023

Paracetamol Use During Pregnancy: What You Need to Know

Even the most trouble-free pregnancy has its share of aches and pains1. The good news is that some of these discomforts will go away as your pregnancy progresses, while others can be easily relieved with the power of Panado®. During pregnancy, your body undergoes a complete transformation as your baby grows. Your centre of gravity decides to play musical chairs, your organs rearrange to make room for your growing baby, and increased weight puts pressure on your joints and muscles.1a The circulatory system, too, faces stress during pregnancy, possibly leading to soft tissue pain due to fluid retention.1b Nerve pain enters the scene, often due to nerve compression from weight gain or uterine pressure.1c The sciatic nerve tends to be impacted, especially in later pregnancy and sometimes post-delivery.1d In the first trimester, shifting hormones and blood volume can trigger headaches. Overall a headache can often be exacerbated by fatigue, stress and eyestrain.2 Additionally, as your body readies itself for childbirth by loosening ligaments, it becomes more prone to strains, resulting in leg aches and back pain.3 As unpleasant as they may be, most of these aches and pains are normal during pregnancy. Medications During Pregnancy When it comes to taking medications during pregnancy, it’s crucial to be aware of the potential impacts on your developing baby. The journey from the moment of conception to birth is an intricate process, and substances you consume can sometimes cross the placenta, affecting your baby’s growth and well-being.4a The use of certain medications during pregnancy has been associated with lower birth weights, meaning that the baby may be born smaller than expected. Premature birth, where the baby arrives before the full term, is another possible outcome due to the influence of certain medications.4b To ensure the healthiest outcome for both you and your baby, it’s recommended to discuss any medications, supplements, or treatments with your health care provider before using them during pregnancy. They can provide guidance tailored to your specific situation, taking into account the potential benefits and risks. Remember, staying informed and seeking professional advice can greatly contribute to a smoother and healthier pregnancy journey.4c The Power of Panado® Panado® contains paracetamol, which boasts over 150 years of clinical experience5, and the first choice of painkiller if you’re pregnant.6 Paracetamol offers reliable relief for mild to moderate pain, encompassing headaches, toothaches, sore throats, general aches, and rheumatic discomfort.7a Additionally, it aids in alleviating flu symptoms and feverishness.7b Clinical studies show paracetamol is not only the choice for pregnancy, but also for those who are sensitive or allergic to aspirin.8a How Panado® Can Help Panado® offers a wide variety of pain and fever solutions to meet the needs of people at all stages of life. From infants and children, to teenagers, adults, pregnant women, and seniors, trust Panado® to provide reliable relief. Panado® is conveniently available in tablet9, capsule10 or effervescent11 form to suit individual preference, and offers fast pain relief. Panado® Tablets provide relief from pain and fever. For those seeking an alternative, Panado® Capsules offer a convenient option: the capsule shells are designed to be smoother and more slippery, making them easier to swallow – especially beneficial for individuals who struggle with tablet consumption. The tasteless and odourless nature of the capsules caters to those who find tablets’ taste or aftertaste bothersome. In cases where swallowing tablets or capsules poses a challenge, Panado® Effervescent formulation serves as a convenient solution. Make pain and fever care easy by shopping for Panado® products from available from Baby City, Pick n Pay, Checkers including Hypers, Shoprite, Clicks, Dis-Chem and Independent Pharmacies. For more information, visit https://panado.co.za/ and join the conversations on Facebook. 2023091310311916 References: Healthline. What body aches can you expect during pregnancy? Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/body-aches-pregnancy. Last accessed September 2023. Stanford Medicine Children’s Health. Headaches in early pregnancy. Available from: https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=headaches-in-early-pregnancy-134-3. Last accessed September 2023. MedlinePlus. Aches and pains during pregnancy. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000580.htm. Last accessed September 2023. BetterHealth. Pregnancy – medication, drugs and alcohol. Available from: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/pregnancy-medication-drugs-and-alcohol. Last accessed September 2023. 150 years of paracetamol. GP Pharma Update Mar/Apr 2019. Bumps. Paracetamol. Available from: https://www.medicinesinpregnancy.org/. Last accessed September 2023. Cambridge University Hospitals. Pain relief during pregnancy and after birth. Available from: https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/pain-relief-during-pregnancy-and-after-birth/. Last accessed September 2023. Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA). Allergic reactions to aspirin and other pain killers. Available from: https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/drug-allergy/allergic-reactions-to-aspirin-and-other-pain-killers. Last accessed September 2023. Panado® Capsules approved package insert, August 1984. Panado® Tablets approved professional information, July 2016. Panado® Effervescent (Tablet) approved professional information, July 2016.

October 4, 2023

16 Best Home Remedies For Sick Children

Today’s post covers a few helpful home remedies for sick children. When my son gets sick, it’s always challenging and worrisome. For serious illnesses, the best road to recovery is taking your child to your family physician. However, for various commonplace childhood ailments, there are different home remedies that you can try. You can also use these home remedies in conjunction with doctor-prescribed medicine to speed up recovery and alleviate some of the discomforts your little one is experiencing. Hydration Parents often forget the most important element of getting better – fluids. Kids (and adults alike) need to stay hydrated when their bodies are combating illness. Children experience fluid loss when they run a fever or have a stomach bug that causes diarrhoea and/or vomiting. Offer plenty of fluids like diluted fruit juice or water, even if he takes small sips throughout the day, to help keep him hydrated. Plenty of Rest When your child is asleep, his body is working hard to help him recover from illness. Ensure your child gets plenty of rest in a comfortable and quiet space that promotes peaceful sleep. Steam Therapy Steam therapy can offer welcome relief when your child is having respiratory issues due to having the flu or a cold. You can use a cool mist humidifier in his room to relieve congestion, or you can run a hot shower and let him inhale the steam for about 10-15 minutes. Vicks Vaporub I grew up with my parents always having Vicks Vaporub in our home, and now I use it to help my son feel better. I rub it into his chest and underneath his feet before bedtime to help him breathe easier during the night. Honey Honey is an effective home remedy for cough in children over one year old. It thins the mucus and is a natural cough suppressant. Mix one teaspoon of honey in herbal tea or warm water to help calm his coughing and soothe a sore throat. My neighbour uses a homemade recipe of one teaspoon of Aspen Borstol cough remedy and one teaspoon of honey mixed in half a glass of water. She swears by this recipe; it is the only cough remedy she used for her children and now her grandchildren. Ginger Ginger is the go-to remedy for upset stomach and vomiting. It is a natural anti-nausea home remedy. Not many children like the taste of ginger, but you can add a touch of honey to make it sweeter and more palatable. Make ginger tea by adding fresh ginger slices to hot water and allow it to simmer before draining the tea and adding the honey. Warm Compress A warm, damp cloth helps ease the pain associated with stiff muscles, ear pain, or stomach aches. Apply it to the affected area and remove it after 10-15 minutes. A warm bottle also works wonders for a sore tummy; just ensure the water is not too hot. I don’t boil the kettle completely. However, sometimes the water is still a bit too hot, so I add some cold water until it’s at the right temperature. Chicken Soup / Broth There’s a reason why grandma’s homemade chicken soup always makes you feel better instantly. Not only is it comforting, but it actually helps with alleviating cold and flu symptoms. The warmth of the soup clears indigestion and soothes a sore throat, while the soup itself keeps them hydrated. Saline Nasal Drops Saline nasal drops can be used for babies and small children who can’t blow their noses effectively. A few drops can be gently applied in the nostrils to loosen stubborn mucus. Elevation When your child struggles to breathe and has a nasty cough, you can raise his head to relieve the symptoms caused by illnesses like pneumonia and bronchitis. Create a slight incline by using an extra pillow. Saltwater Gargle When I was a child and frequented the doctor’s office with tonsillitis symptoms, he one day recommended that I gargle with salt water as soon as my throat started hurting. Since then, I’ve used this remedy often, which always seems to offer relief for sore throat symptoms within a day. A saltwater gargle can also do wonders for soothing a sore throat in children. Mix half a teaspoon in a glass of lukewarm water and let him gargle with it a few times throughout the day. Aloe Vera There is a good reason why Aloe vera is used in so many commercial cosmetic products and skin lotions. It offers relief from sunburn and can also be used for skin irritation, minor burns, and insect bites. Aloe vera gel is a common household remedy because of its active compounds that help reduce inflammation and pain on the skin. Probiotics Probiotics boost the immune system and encourage digestive health. You can implement a probiotic-rich diet with foods like plain yogurt or buy child-friendly probiotic supplements at your local pharmacy. Oatmeal Bath Oatmeal is an excellent remedy for irritated and itchy skin linked to chicken pox or rashes. Grind the oatmeal into a fine powder and add it to your child’s bath water. Let him soak in the bath for 15-20 minutes. Comfort Items No one likes to be sick, especially children. Never undervalue the effectiveness of comfort items like a favourite blankie, stuffed animal, or children’s book. These items can offer emotional support and make them feel more secure until life returns to normal for them again. Affection and Lots of Cuddles Above all else, your love and attention can significantly affect the healing process. There is no such thing as too many cuddles in my book, as it reassures them that you are them for them to provide comfort while they’re not feeling well. Final Thoughts I hope you’ve enjoyed reading my post about the best home remedies for sick children. Taking care of our little ones when they are sick can be challenging, but they rely on us as their parents to provide them the love,

October 3, 2023

THE HEROIC QUEST OF THE VALIANT PRINCE IVANDOE -Prince in Peril

Accompanied by his loyal squire Bert, Prince Ivandoe sets off on a quest to Eagle Mountain through The Five Kingdoms to claim the legendary Golden Feather. So far, Prince Ivandoe has travelled from his home, the Kingdom of the Mighty Stag, through Svanland – the idyllic Land of the Swans, the rogue state of The Forest of the Outlaws, the Red Squirrel Kingdom – set high in the trees – and the Underground Kingdom of the Ogres, where King Ironhorn rules from a crumbling and this month, his journey takes him into the Underground castle. These new episodes bring a lot of wacky adventures along, Prince Ivandoe’s unfortunate hiccups have an interesting twist on a wish granted by a Wishpillar. His squire Bert is thrust into the limelight when he pulls a mysterious sword from a stone, and and Prince Ivandoe and Bert are going to form a unlikely bond with a Sassy Gnome while trying to get him reunited with his brothers! Premiere: Monday, 2 October @ 16:35 CAT ⏰ Tune in: Mondays – Fridays @ 16:35 CAT Also available on DStv Catch Up

October 2, 2023

Cartoon Network – MOVIES HOLIDAYS – Film Fun

Settle in for a CN Movie every day of the spring holidays. In Teen Titans Go! vs Teen Titans (2 October), The comedic Teen Titans take on their serious counterparts when villains from each of their worlds team up to pit the two Titan teams against each other. On 3 October, Best Bros Grizzly, Panda and Ice Bear go on a wild, hilarious and dangerous adventure to escape a foe that threatens to tear them apart in We Bare Bears: The Movie and on 4 October, DC Super Hero Girls: Legends of Atlantis sees Wonder Woman, Batgirl, Supergirl, Bumblebee and the rest of the Super Crew must journey through the depths of the ocean to Atlantis. On 5 October,Ben 10 vs The Universe: The Movie sees Ben go interstellar to save the day when Vilgax returns to do double the damage on Team Tennyson and planet Earth. To round things off on 6 October, two slacker groundskeepers must go back in time and battle an evil volleyball coach in order to save the universe after accidentally creating a Timenado in Regular Show: The Movie. Tune-in: Monday, 2 October – Friday, 6 October @ 11:30 CAT

October 2, 2023

MOVIE STARS HOLIDAYS

Whether it’s Hibernation Rabbid heading for Mars on a misinformed adventure, Robin Hood needing a helping hand from Tom & Jerry to save himself and rescue Maid Marion or Scooby-Doo and the gang setting out to clear their names after being accused of plotting a practical joke, there’s something for everyone with some of the biggest stars on Cartoonito this spring school holiday! ⏰ Tune in: Monday, 2 October – Monday, 9 October @ 09:40 CAT 2 October: Rabbids Invasion: Mission to Mars 3 October: Tom and Jerry: Robin Hood and his Merry Mouse 4 October: Scooby-Doo! and the Samurai Sword 5 October: Tom & Jerry: Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory 6 October: Looney Tunes Rabbits Run 7 October: Scooby-Doo! The Mystery Begins (Live action) 8 October: Scooby-Doo! Curse of the Lake Monster (Live action) 9 October: Kangaroo Jack: G’Day USA

October 2, 2023

How to help your child build resilience

our children face many challenges and obstacles as they grow and are faced with what life has to offer. She adds, “Children who have been taught the skill of resilience, are able to bounce back from stress, challenges, tragedy, trauma and adversity in more effective ways than children who do not know how to be resilient. Resilient children are more adaptable, have greater courage and are more curious when facing the world around them.”

September 28, 2023

Bonitas balancing increases with value and sustainability

onitas Medical Fund, one of the leading medical schemes in South Africa, announced its 2024 product line up today. Lee Callakoppen, Principal Officer of Bonitas says, ‘We appreciate that many of our members and South Africans in general, are faced with increasing financial pressures. We have therefore taken great care to balance our benefit enhancements to provide value to our members, while still ensuring that contributions remain affordable. ‘The percentage increase required is methodically worked out by our team of actuaries who determine the minimum increase against ensuring the financial sustainability of the scheme while meeting the regulatory guidelines and requirements. It’s a delicate balancing act,’ says Callakoppen. ‘For 2024, the weighted increase is 6.9% with the average increase across nine of our plans at 6%. This means that over 227 000 members – around 65% of our membership – will experience an increase below CPI.’ How we did this We conducted in depth research over the last year, which included stakeholder engagement, actuarial analysis and projections to look at how to enhance our benefits. In addition, we analysed feedback from over 10 000 member surveys, researched international healthcare protocols, trends and disease burden rates in South Africa. The result: We have stayed true to our ultimate commitment of giving more value to our members, by reducing out-of-pocket expenses, enhancing benefits and providing additional preventative and managed care. Our fiscal health The Scheme is financially sound, including financial indicators to claim’s paying ability and strong solvency levels. And, despite investing over R1.4 billion back to members in 2021 and 2022, we saw our reserves increase to R8.8 billion last year. A feat matched by no other open scheme. We have noted an erratic claims’ catch up emerge over the past 12 months and, it is for this reason that it’s essential to take a well-rounded approach and apply a modicum of conservativeness to our approach. This, to remain sustainable for our members, regardless of increased claim patterns. We also applied prudent investment management strategies that enabled solid returns for the members. Membership growth Membership grew by 62 000 principal members, 80% through organic growth – in a declining industry. New members are 13 years younger than the average, which means we have succeeded in attracting a younger, healthier profile which is coveted across our industry. We attribute this to offering a diversified product range from hospital plans to network options and Edge plans – driven by innovation and technology. So, what’s new? Our research identified various healthcare trends and needs and we have ensured these are met in our plan benefits and enhancements. Our solution to unregulated healthcare costs In South Africa, providers are free to charge patients any tariff they see fit. However, with the economic pressures faced by consumers, funding is usually in short supply. Through engagement and collaboration with healthcare providers we have found solutions to these challenges. We implemented networks at the most favourable tariffs for our members so that they can avoid out-of-pocket expenses and get more value from their medical aid. This applies to GPs, medication, dentistry, optical, specialists and hospitals. Not only do we direct members to the most efficient hospitals, with the best healthcare options but the discounted tariffs reduce co-payments or eliminate them. Specialist’s costs For 2024, we considered the input from specialists, regarding the cost of services and enhanced our specialist reimbursement rates. This allows 85% of our members to have full cover, wallet-free specialist visits. Our specialist network ensures members are covered with the top 15 speciality types contracted into the network. We have introduced three tiers of network specialist rates, based on experience and proximity. The key focus is on specialty types with high claim volumes and major medical costs such as gynaecologists, physicians and cardiologists. Managed Care enhancements Over the years the prevalence of non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, has increased year-on-year. This is further compounded by the increased burden of mental health which is an added risk factor. Mental health One of the key insights noted was that mental health prevalence is at an all-time high. This is exacerbated by factors such as an increased economic burden and increased psycho-social challenges, such as loadshedding. We have seen a 25% increase in the number of mental health hospital admissions, indicating a need for additional support. This need is particularly high in the 18 to 44 age groups. We further noted that mental health was a key driver for absenteeism in corporate groups. For this reason, we have included the Bonitas Mental Healthcare Programme across all plans for 2024 and included depression as a chronic condition. We also offer access to Panda, a digital platform available through the Bonitas app, giving members easy access to expert help, mental health information and community support. Back and neck programme We recognised that not all members have access to the DBC back and neck facilities so, in addition to adding a digital version of the programme, we have established a network of physiotherapists so members can access the benefits of the programme in more remote areas. Preventative screening A key trend across the healthcare industry has been the decline of preventative screening, including wellness checks and health risks assessments. We have taken up the challenge and have intensified our drive to increase screening uptake. Introducing the Bonitas Be Better Benefit! Funded completely from risk, this unique benefit provides a range of screening tests and benefits to ensure members have access to the necessary screenings, to allow for early detection and to be put onto a path to wellness. The Be Better Benefit is available on all options, except BonCap. This benefit is paid for from risk – helping families to get the best possible healthcare. As an added bonus for 2024, childhood immunisations following the State Vaccine Schedule will be added to six of our plans. HPV vaccine We’ve also taken great care to expand our preventative care benefits by including the Human Papilloma (HPV) vaccine on all

September 28, 2023

Bonitas Medical Fund: 2024 Product Launch round up

At a glance: 353 763 Principal members 727 041 Total beneficiaries 62 000 new principal members added last year 18.7% chronic profile Average age of beneficiary: 35.5 Average age of new members is 13 years younger than existing members R8.8 billion in reserves 41.3% solvency ratio AA+ Credit rating Plans Bonitas offers a wide range of plans that are simple and easy to understand. There are 15 options in five categories: Savings, traditional, hospital, Edge (virtual) and income-based. Increases The average increase, across all plans, is 6.9% The risk contribution on Primary, Primary Select, BonSave, BonFit Select, BonEssential, BonEssential Select, BonStart, BonStart Plus and BonCap is 6% These options contribute to over 70% of new business 227 000 members will experience an increase below CPI – approximately 65% of our membership Plan increases range from 2.7% to 9.6% Increased savings, for BonSave it’s an increase of 25% Note: Contributions from January 2024 Name of plan Type of plan Main member Adult member Child member % increase BonComprehensive Savings R9 853 R9 292 R2 006 9.6% BonClassic Savings R6 732 R5 780 R1 662 9.6% BonComplete Savings R5 359 R4 293 R1 455 9.6% BonSave Savings R3 447 R2 671 R1 032 6.8% BonFit Select Savings R2 295 R1 719 R 772 2.7% BonStart Edge R1 378 R1 378 R1 378 3% BonStart Plus Edge R1 754 R1 668 R 773 3% Standard Traditional R4 922 R4 267 R1 444 8.4% Standard Select Traditional R4 448 R3 849 R1 302 8.4% Primary Traditional R2 993 R2 341 R 952 7.2% Primary Select Traditional R2 619 R2 048 R 832 7.2% Hospital Standard Hospital R2 964 R2 497 R1 127 8.4% BonEssential Hospital R2 287 R1 690 R 739 7.1% BonEssential Select Hospital R1 998 R1 464 R 659 6.7% BonCap New and revised income bands Income-based 5.5% R0 to R10 680 R1 430 R1 430 R 673 R10 681 to R17 330 R1 745 R1 745 R 802 R17 331 to R22 541 R2 813 R2 813 R1 064 R22 542+ R3 453 R3 453 R1 310 What’s new? Mental Health: Due to a 25% increase in the number of mental health hospital admissions, the mental health programme has been included on all plans for 2024. Depression has also been added as a chronic condition on 11 plans The mental health app – Panda – is a free to download mental health and wellness mobile app available to all members Hearing: As part of the audiology programme, free online hearing screenings have been introduced DBC Back and neck programme: A physiotherapy network has been established Oncology: Increased specialised drug benefit on BonClassic, BonComprehensive, Standard and Standard Select International bone marrow searches allowed Introduction of a Be Better Benefit, paid from risk for a range of screening tests and benefits to allow for early detection (all plans except BonCap) An annual wellness screening (blood pressure, blood glucose, BMI, cholesterol) Flu vaccines HIV Lipograms Mammograms Pap smears Prostate screening Pneumococcal vaccine Whooping cough boosters HPV vaccines Stool tests for colon cancer Dental fissure sealants Online hearing screening Contraceptives Pharmacy network: Over 4 000 pharmacies to choose from including all Clicks, Dischem and Medirite branches HPV vaccine has been extended to all plans. 2 doses for females aged 9 to 14 years and 3 doses for females aged 15 to 26 years per lifetime HIV+ members: An annual test for HIV+ members who had a positive cytology test, as well as a choice between the 3-yearly basic cytology test or a 5-yearly HPV PCR test The Benefit Booster has been adjusted according to utilisation (10% monetary increase on 8 plans). The only benefit in the market which provides members with access to an additional amount to use for out-of-hospital expenses at no extra cost – effectively giving savings and day-to-day benefits a healthy boost Covers everything from additional GP consultations to acute medicine. Increased the child dependant age to 24 years, not just for students Partnered with What’s Up Doc: An innovative patient-driven WhatsApp service that allows doctors on the BonCap network to engage with members more easily – sharing prescriptions, blood test results, specialist referrals, etc – it’ll improve care coordination

September 28, 2023

Encourage your children to be physically active

Let’s face it, growing up today is a completely different ball game to when you were young. It doesn’t matter if you’re in your late 20s or 30s and coming to grips with parenthood for the first time, or if you’re north of 50 and are a veteran of raising children, the fact remains. Kids today are living in a world wholly different to the one we developed in.

September 27, 2023

WHY DO PEOPLE CUT THEMSELVES? CAUSES AND WARNING SIGNS

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, delves into a sensitive topic that affects millions of individuals worldwide: self-harm. Through extensive research and analysis, we aim to shed light on the underlying causes and provide valuable insights into recognising warning signs. Our goal is to foster empathy, encourage open conversations, and offer support to those in need. What is Self-Mutilation? Self-mutilation is a complex behaviour that can take various forms, including burning, scratching, hitting, or cutting oneself. According to The South African Depression And Anxiety Group, self-mutilation has many different names and labels that people use to describe it, some of these include: Self-harming Self-inflicted violence Para-suicide Self-abuse Self-mutilation How Common Is This Complex Behaviour? Self-mutilation is more common than people realise. A comprehensive review published in the journal The Lancet in 2012 indicated that self-harm is a significant public health concern, particularly among adolescents and young adults. The study estimated that the global prevalence of self-harm in this population ranged from 13% to 23%. However, it is important to note that these figures are not representative of the general population, as they specifically focus on self-harm among young individuals. Moreover, self-mutilation is not limited to specific demographics or regions. It can affect individuals from various backgrounds, regardless of age, gender, socioeconomic status, or cultural factors. However, some studies have shown higher rates of self-harm among certain groups, such as individuals with a history of trauma, mental health disorders (such as depression, anxiety, or borderline personality disorder), or those who have experienced bullying or abuse. Why Do People Cut Themselves? Self-harm, including cutting, is a complex phenomenon that can manifest in various ways and for different reasons.3 It is crucial to approach this subject with sensitivity and compassion. While the specific motivations for self-harm may vary from person to person, several underlying factors have been identified: Emotional Distress: For some individuals, self-harm serves as a coping mechanism to manage overwhelming emotional pain or distress. The act of self-harm can provide a temporary sense of relief or control, allowing individuals to express and externalise their inner turmoil. Communication and Expression: When words fail to convey deep emotional struggles, self-harm may serve as a form of communication or expression. Some individuals resort to self-injury as a way to express feelings they find difficult to verbalize, drawing attention to their pain or signalling a cry for help. Emotional Numbness: Paradoxically, some individuals engage in self-harm to counteract emotional numbness or dissociation. By inflicting physical pain, they seek to feel something tangible, grounding themselves in the present moment. Self-Punishment and Guilt: Feelings of guilt, shame, or self-loathing can lead individuals to engage in self-harm as a form of punishment. They may believe they deserve pain or that physical suffering can somehow atone for perceived wrongdoings. Identifying Warning Signs Recognising the warning signs of self-harm is crucial in providing timely support and intervention. It is important to remember that individuals who self-harm may not always exhibit visible signs, and some warning signs may overlap with symptoms of other mental health conditions. Nonetheless, the following indicators should be taken seriously: Unexplained Injuries: Frequent unexplained injuries, such as cuts, burns, or bruises, particularly in patterns or shapes, may indicate self-harm. These injuries are often found on areas of the body that can be easily concealed. Wearing Concealing Clothing: Individuals who self-harm may wear long sleeves, even in warm weather, to hide scars or fresh injuries on their arms. They may also attempt to conceal other body parts with clothing or accessories. Isolation and Withdrawal: Social isolation and withdrawal from previously enjoyed activities or relationships may be indicative of emotional distress. Individuals who self-harm often struggle with shame or guilt, leading them to isolate themselves from others. Frequent Excuses or Unusual Behaviour: Repeatedly making excuses to avoid situations that require exposing skin, or engaging in secretive behaviours, may be a sign of self-harm. These individuals may also have an unusual fascination with sharp objects. Common Misconceptions of Self-Mutilation Suicide: Even though suicide and self-mutilation appear to possess the same intended goal of pain relief, the respective desired outcome of each of these behaviours is not the same. Those who cut themselves seek to escape from intense affect or achieve a level of focus and usually feel better after the act of cutting. Whereas feeling of hopelessness, despair and depression predominate for those individuals, who intend on committing suicide. Attention-seeking behaviour: Self-mutilators are often accused of being attention seekers. Since cutting serves to dissociate the individual from feelings, drawing attention to wounds is not typically desired. Dangerous to others: This is a misconception as most of self-mutilators are functional and pose no threat to the safety of others. Support and Resources If you or someone you know is struggling with self-harm, please consider the following resources: The South African Depression and Anxiety Group: 0800 567 567 South African Federation For Mental Health Helpline: (011) 781-1852 Netcare Akeso Crisis Helpline: 0861 435 787 Remember, reaching out for help is a sign of strength, and recovery is possible with the right support system.

September 26, 2023

Webinar – Dealing with blocked noses in babies & toddlers

In this antenatal class, Sr Talia, explains how to treat block noses in Babies and Toddlers. Knowing when to go to the doctor and what to do at home.

September 22, 2023

Preventing Dog Bites in Children

Every 3 days a child is treated for serious dog bites. In 2020, 107 children were treated for dog bites and these children were between the ages of 5 and 12 years. During this month of April ChildSafe is encouraging all parents and dog owners to be aware of the risks involved with dog bites and to learn about ways they can protect children and their families from dog bite incidents. “Dog bites often happen during everyday activities among children and seniors,” says Yolande Baker, Executive Director, ChildSafe. “Certain situations can be more conducive to the risk of a dog bite. Protect your family and yourself by being familiar with preventive measures that will minimize the risk of a dog bite.” How can you protect your family Be cautious around strange dogs. Treat your own dog with respect. Because children are the most common victims of dog bites, parents and caregivers should: NEVER leave a baby or small child alone with a dog. Be alert for potentially dangerous situations. Teach children – including toddlers – to be careful around pets. Children must learn not to approach strange dogs or try to pet dogs through fences. Teach children to ask permission from the dog’s owner before petting the dog. What’s a dog owner to do? Carefully select your pet. Puppies should not be obtained on impulse. Make sure your pet is socialized as a young puppy, so it feels at ease around people and other animals. Do not put your dog in a position where it feels threatened or teased. Be calm. Always talk in a quiet voice or whisper, no shouting. Train your dog. Basic commands help dogs understand what is expected of them and help build a bond of trust between pets and people. Walk and exercise your dog regularly to keep it healthy and provide mental stimulation. Avoid highly excitable games like wrestling or tug of war. Use a leash in public to ensure you can control your dog. Keep your dog healthy. Have your dog vaccinated against rabies and other preventable infectious diseases. Parasite control and other health care are important because how your dog feels affect how it behaves. If you have a fenced yard, make sure your gates are secure. Neuter your pet. Approximately 92% of fatal dog attacks involved male dogs, 94 percent of which were not neutered. Dog bite emergencies If you are bitten, here is a checklist of things you should do: If the dog’s owner is present, request proof of rabies vaccination, and get the owner’s name and contact information. Clean the bite wound with soap and water as soon as possible. Consult your doctor immediately or go to the emergency room if it is after office hours. Contact the dog’s veterinarian to check vaccination records. For more information on prevention of dog bites, call ChildSafe at 021 685 5208 or please visit www.childsafe.org.za

September 20, 2023

Webinar – Cracked nipples during breastfeeding

Sr Talia talks about cracked nipples during breastfeeding, why they are caused and how to treat them.

September 15, 2023

Medicating to help with sleep – Babies & Children

As sleep consultants we come across many instances of parents medicating their children to aid sleep. Parents are often faced with this decision, desperate for the entire family to get some much-needed sleep. There are special medical cases where medication may be needed and will be prescribed by your doctor, but for the most part healthy sleep routines and habits are NOT something that should be achieved by medicating. Sleep is essentially a learned behaviour that we can teach our babies and children. What does normal sleep look like? It is important to understand what normal sleep looks like for babies and children as it gives us a better indication of what to expect and why they wake so often, even after they are no longer feeding at night. We all sleep in cycles. We move through stages of light sleep (also referred to as Rapid Eye Movement or REM) and deep sleep. For a baby, sleep cycles are around 45 minutes and it gradually gets longer as they get older. They therefore naturally have a lot more REM sleep than we do. An adult has a sleep cycle that lasts up to 1.5 hours in length. During the newborn phase babies wake in the night for nutritional purposes. Between the age of 4 – 5 months, babies can usually manage one longer sleep period at night and the need to feed gradually reduces. Unfortunately, the night waking’s do not always end when the need to feed does. Even though sleep is a natural process and is a necessity to our wellbeing, linking sleep cycles and sleeping through the night is an essential skill that babies need to be taught. Some babies manage to do so naturally, but more often they need some help to get there. Children require 11 to 12 hours of sleep a night, with age-appropriate naps during the day. There are endless health and wellness benefits of getting the sleep we need. Growing children are at a disadvantage if they do not sleep well. It has a direct influence on their health, mood, weight, concentration, stamina and learning. What influences sleep? We need to look at sleep holistically and not in isolation. Sleep is a complex function as there are so many influencing factors in our daily life. NutritionWhen Nutrition Can Influence Sleep – Good Night (goodnightbaby.co.za) EnvironmentSetting the stage for a good night’s sleep – Good Night (goodnightbaby.co.za) RoutineYour 7- to 11-month-old baby’s sleep routine – Good Night (goodnightbaby.co.za) Sleep associationsUnderstanding the sleep training Process – Good Night (goodnightbaby.co.za) Stimulation IllnessMy great sleeper is sick – Now what? – Good Night (goodnightbaby.co.za) Trying to ‘cure’ sleepless nights by looking at sleep in isolation is treating the symptoms and not the cause. By – Dr Carla Jardine – Paediatrician All parents (including Paediatricians!) have struggled through sleepless nights with their kids. Trying to get your child to sleep through the night is one of the most exhausting phases of parenting. Many parents are tempted to try medication after endless sleep deprived nights. Unfortunately, this is never a real solution. These medications may provide a brief sense of relief when your child drifts off to sleep more easily at bedtime, but prolonged use can cause side effects and do not address the core problem…only a good routine with healthy sleep habits and sleep associations can encourage children to sleep through the night! The Common Culprits Melatonin: This is a natural hormone that is produced by the pineal gland in the brain. It controls our circadian rhythm-the natural sleep-wake cycle in our brain. When it is dark, melatonin increases, and the effect is that you feel progressively more sleepy. When it is light, melatonin decreases with the opposite effect. Some insomniacs have been found to have naturally low levels of melatonin. There are also instances when the circadian rhythm (and melatonin secretion) become disturbed, such as in shift workers, long haul flights (jet lag) and in people living in countries with extremes of either daylight hours or night hours. In these instances, a melatonin supplement is appropriate. Melatonin is a synthetic hormone and has side effects such as: headache, feelings of depression, daytime sleepiness, dizziness, stomach cramps and irritability. Melatonin has not been approved for use in children but there are certain instances where it can been used “off-label”. This is mainly in children who have ADHD or Autism. In these conditions there is often a disturbance in the sleep-wake cycle and melatonin has been of benefit. Anti-Histamines: These are medications that decrease the levels of histamine in the body. They are usually used to treat allergic conditions. The first generation of anti-histamines were found to be very sedating as a side effect. This resulted in these drugs being marketed as over the counter sleep aides. This is not however the appropriate use of these drugs, and they also have many side effects: dry mouth, drowsiness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, restlessness, headaches, moodiness, blurred vision and confusion. Codeine: This is usually the ingredient in pain medication that causes sedation. Codeine is a weak opioid. It can be a useful pain medication and is also sometimes used in cough mixtures as it also causes cough suppression. Some of the side effects of codeine are: lightheadedness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath, sedation, allergic reactions, constipation, abdominal pain or rashes. All of these common “sleep aides” have many side effects and their long term use is ill advised. Some are not tested in children at all and others should not be given to children under 2 years of age. The safest thing to do is to use medications only as prescribed by a doctor and not to improvise their use according to their sedative properties. If in doubt, always get your doctors advice! How do you teach your child to sleep? Just as we help our children master the skills of walking, talking, using manners, sharing, brushing teeth, we can teach them how to sleep well by putting down good

September 14, 2023

How hormones (and your monthly cycle) affect your skin

As women, our bodies go through a lot every month. From ovulation, to PMS and menstruating, it might sometimes feel like you’re on a rollercoaster ride. Our monthly cycle has an effect on just about every part of our body – physically, mentally, emotionally, and of course, our appearance. Your menstrual cycle has a major effect on the appearance of your skin, and may be to blame for many of the skincare challenges you’re faced with every month. That’s because our hormones play a major role in skin health, and when hormones surge or fluctuate, it shows on your face. While every woman’s cycle is unique to her, it’s worth examining a typical monthly cycle to understand how and why your skin might operate the way it does – and what you can do about it. It’s normal to experience ups and downs throughout the month, but with a targeted, good quality skincare regime and healthy lifestyle, it’s possible to enjoy healthy, great-looking skin throughout all stages of your cycle. How hormones affect the skin During a typical menstrual cycle, most women will experience bouts of dryness and oiliness. In general, skin becomes most “problematic” just before, and during one’s period. This is the time in which you may experience pesky hormone-related breakouts. Oestrogen production may influence the skin’s texture and thickness and progesterone production plays a major part in the skin’s natural oil production. When these two hormones fluctuate, it has a direct impact on the skin. Your cycle days 1 – 6 Due to low hormone production in the first few days of your cycle, your skin may feel dry or somewhat sensitive. This may make lines and wrinkles more noticeable. Apply plenty of hydrating products to counteract dryness, especially products containing hydrating hyaluronic acid. Try Biomedical Emporium HA Contour Masque (R1341.00), a rich formulation that helps increase the skin’s production of collagen and hyaluronic acid, reinstating the barrier integrity and providing long-lasting hydration. Skin is rejuvenated and the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles is reduced. Your cycle days 7 – 11 (follicular phase) Oestrogen production increases and stimulates cell turnover. For many women, this is the time during which their skin looks and feels its best. This may be a good time to gently exfoliate skin to prevent clogged pores and to include a vitamin C product in your regime to increase radiance. Try Biomedical Emporium Skin Biotic C Cream (R1340.00), a nourishing moisturiser rich in vitamin C, that’s suitable even for sensitive skins. Your cycle days 12 – 16 (ovulation) Oestrogen peaks during ovulation, which may result in glowing skin, but you may also notice that your skin becomes a little oilier during this time. That’s because oestrogen and testosterone production slowly decreases and the production of progesterone slowly increases. If not managed, this may lead to the formation of breakouts. Now is a good time to follow a regime that encourages sebum control and to opt for oil-free formulas. If your skin is prone to breaking out during this time, try Biomedical Emporium Anti-Acne Serum (R834.00). Anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial, this calming serum helps soothe irritation, reduce pore size and decrease excess sebum production, leading to clearer skin. Your cycle days 17 – 28 (luteal phase) During the luteal phase, progesterone reaches its peak, resulting in the skin producing a lot more oil than usual. You may experience hormonal breakouts during this time. This is a good time to use detoxifying products that draw out impurities and products containing salicylic acid to decrease redness and help existing breakouts heal faster. Biomedical Emporium’s Facial Cleanser (R540.00) is a fantastic cleanser to use all month as it contains spot-busting salicylic acid and deeply yet gently cleanses and provides light exfoliation without disturbing the skin’s barrier integrity. Lifestyle tips Regardless of your individual needs throughout your cycle, everyone’s skin will benefit from following a fresh, healthy diet, cutting back on sugar and caffeine and cutting out smoking. Drink plenty of water, get enough sleep, exercise regularly and follow good skin hygiene (that means washing your makeup off every night and stop touching your face!). Your monthly cycle may affect your mood, your energy levels and the appearance of your skin. As your body prepares for possible conception leading up to your menstruation period, plenty of hormonal changes occur, leading to fluctuating levels of oestrogen, testosterone and progesterone. Understanding your cycle is essential, as it affords you the opportunity to better treat your skin at its various stages and address concerns with the right products and ingredients. About Dr Judey Pretorius Dr Judey Pretorius is a highly accomplished Biomedical Scientist and product development specialist with substantial experience in the disciplines of acute, chronic and post-surgical wound healing, regenerative medicine and cell therapy. She holds a Master’s degree in Genetics and Molecular Biology followed by her PhD degree in Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medicine Development and Design. She has also obtained an Advanced Diploma in Dermal Aesthetics. Dr Judey Pretorius gained extensive experience as a Research and Development Formulation Scientist. She was responsible for the Scientific and Biomedical formulation of therapeutic products of premium brands in respective disciplines. Her contributions included cosmeceutical, pharmaceutical and medical device developments. She is the co-founder of Biomedical Emporium®, a biotechnology company specialising in the formulation of advanced biological products, cell culture processes and tissue engineering for advanced wound healing and an advisory on regenerative medicine. She has made unique formulation discoveries that have had a profound influence on the course of new developments in aesthetic and wound care treatment. https://www.biomedicalemporium.com/

September 13, 2023

Hygiene Habits Made Fun with Hygiene Heroes!

What is Hygiene Heroes? No child should miss school over an illness that’s easily preventable, but unfortunately, that’s something that happens every day. Practicing good hygiene habits can ensure kids stay healthier and don’t miss out on their education. Teaching kids basic hygiene lessons is simple and fun with Hygiene Heroes! This free platform, presented by Unilever and the Dept. of Basic Education, helps children learn all about handwashing, toilet hygiene and oral care through animated videos, quizzes and interactive games. Fighting Germs the Fun Way Teach your little ones’ hygiene habits the fun way through our collection of games and activities! Their journey starts with our animated videos – where colourful characters teach practical hygiene habits that kids can easily understand. Afterwards, the Hygiene Heroes platform offers quick quizzes to test their knowledge. The real fun begins with the germ dodging game. To play, simply use the up and down arrows to collect virtual coins and avoid bumping into the evil germs that cause illnesses! As your kids keep playing and improve their skills, their scores will climb, allowing them to compete with their friends. Watch your kids climb the leader board as they learn hygiene habits. Then watch them bring those habits home and school, where they’ll fight real germs and avoid real illnesses! Win with Hygiene Heroes! Enjoying Hygiene Heroes? Show us how your child is doing! Visit Hygiene Heroes Here Share a photo of your child or children playing #HygieneHeroes & tag @unileversa for your chance to WIN R10 000 cash PLUS your share of: Unilever Product Hampers worth R1000 Grocery Vouchers worth R500 1G Data bundles

September 12, 2023

Webinar – breastfeeding positions

Sr Ingrid Groenewald explains the different breastfeeding positions that you can try to have a successful Breastfeeding journey, as well as the latch baby, should have.

September 8, 2023

Seasonal Wellness & Immune Boosters for the Family

We live a fast-paced modern lifestyle where all too often we neglect our health and well-being by not aligning with the correct nutritional support needed to keep our immune systems healthy and functioning, increasing our risk of infections, diseases, and aging. Together with seasonal changes and incremental doses of daily stress we further compromise our immune system, metabolism, mood, allergies, weight, and overall health before we even leave our front door to start our day. Stress reduces your ability to fight viral infections and cancer by up to 50% and acute stress increases the number of neutrophils, which are involved in inflammation and tissue damage by up to 300% increasing the risk of developing autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, according to the journal Nature Immunology and the Cleveland Clinic. Winter lowers our body temperature, reduces our exposure to sunlight, increases our appetite and decreases our physical activity, all of which lead to lower levels of vitamin D, melatonin, and serotonin in our body, increasing our risk of infections such as colds and flu, as well as respiratory problems, like asthma and bronchitis. Similarly, Spring can trigger allergies and hay fever from the high pollen count in the air. While Summer and Autumn can improve our mood, we must be aware of the risks of dehydration, heat exhaustion, food poisoning, hormonal imbalance, insulin resistance, mood swings and weight gain or loss. We can ensure a better future for our health naturally when we support ourselves and our family with the range of immune boosters and vitamin care from NOW Foods®, which work from the inside out – where it most counts. Simple Steps for Natural Health There is no need to beat yourself up or feel guilty about bad lifestyle habits and nutritional gaps in your diet; add one good habit to your daily routine by topping up with feel-good natural health support every morning to boost your immune system and protect you against seasonal sickness every day of the year. Supplementing with a quality natural immune booster for adults and kids provides the essential nutrients that we may not be getting from food, such as vitamins, minerals, omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics and antioxidants which help us to address specific health concerns and goals. Try NOW Foods® Daily Vits (R219), a vitamin and mineral supplement for hard-working Moms and Dads. Just one capsule a day provides a fruit and veggie blend with Lutein and Lycopene multiple vitamins to help bridge the nutrient gap in our daily diets, filling in the areas lacking in your diet to ensure a broad range of nutritional health; and NOW Kids® Kid Vits (R399) a daily two-a-day chewable vitamin for kids, that support immune health and adds nutrients for bone health and overall well-being. NOW Foods® delivers battle-tested health and wellness supplementation that is competitively priced, and soundly formulated with high-quality natural ingredients that actually save you money. Backed by scientific research, human trials, and multiple certifications from independent organisations, together with strict manufacturing standards, all NOW Foods® ingredients are tested for purity, potency, and identity, and are true to what is listed on the packaging. When you choose NOW Foods®, you are saying yes to high-quality clean ingredients following their global innovation and experience in the health food and supplement industry. For NOW Foods®, natural means products as close to nature as possible, formulated without artificial ingredients and minimally processed. To demonstrate its commitment to natural products, NOW has earned a Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) certification from the Natural Products Association (NPA) and is also a member of the NPA’s TruLabel Program. NOW’s dedication to testing raw materials through finished products sets them apart and ultimately meets its mission of supporting people to live healthier lives. Being prepared for the season ahead is forethought in action. Start the daily habit of boosting your body for optimum health and energy NOW so you are ready to sail through every stressful or seasonal change. NOW FOODS® IMMUNE SUPPORT GUIDE: WHOLE BODY FUNCTION: Comprehensive Care: Our patented Allibiotic formulation offers a comprehensive herbal combination for a healthy immune system. NOW Foods® AlliBiotic CF™ (R469) is an immune booster formulated with garlic extract, elderberry, olive leaf extract and oregano oil to promote overall wellness. It features a patented formula, ImmunEnhancer™, a prebiotic supplement for supporting healthy intestinal flora, a key component of normal immune function. Respiratory & Immune Health: Quercetin with Bromelain (R749) is a naturally occurring free radical scavenger that supports a healthy seasonal immune system. This complementary combination promotes year-round respiratory health and supports overall seasonal comfort. Bromelain has a long history of use by herbalists and is known to help balance the immune system’s response to environmental challenges. Respir-All with Quercetin (R699.95), Vitamin C, Nettle Extract and Bromelain combines key vitamins, minerals and herbal extracts that nutritionally support healthy respiratory function so you can breathe easy and get your day done. Healthy Liver and Brain: N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) (R449) is a free radical protector with selenium and Molybdenum for cellular health – your protective shield and wellness all-star! NOW’s NAC antioxidant support offers a versatile supplement that promotes overall wellness. It maintains healthy glutathione levels, supports respiratory and bronchial health, supports liver health, and promotes brain function and overall immune support. Metabolism for Skin Health: Biotin 5000mcg (R199), also called Vitamin B7, is necessary for normal growth and body function. All B vitamins help the body to convert food (carbohydrates) into fuel (glucose), which is used to produce energy. They help the body metabolize fats and protein. Like all B vitamins, Biotin is water-soluble, meaning the body does not store it. Biotin forms an essential part of B complex vitamins that are needed for healthy skin, hair, eyes, and liver and help the nervous system function properly. Feel Good Stress Relief: Ashwagandha 450mg (R339.00) is an Ayurvedic Adaptogen used as an “adaptogen”, helping your body adapt to typical daily stress. It promotes relaxation and can promote better overall sleep quality, something everyone needs more

September 7, 2023

What are period panties

Since launching Blushproof® – friends, family, strangers – they all ask the same question, “What the heck are period panties?!?”. This was especially true more than two years ago when I started researching the product. I’ve always hated pads and tampons and as I was starting peri-menopause, I was dreading using these products sporadically. That’s when I came across period panties. Amazingly, there was a store in Joburg importing them from the US. I had to try them!! It turned out, they were much better than I expected. These looked and felt like normal panties but had an additional 3 layers sewn into the gusset or crotch. They were perfect for my sometimes hectically heavy and sometimes non-existent flow. Where were these when I was younger? It was after trialing them for a few months that I decided South Africans needed to know about this amazing invention and I also decided that I wanted to be one of the ones to educate the “masses”. Of course, I could have gone the easy route and simply applied to be a distributor but the overseas products were just too costly for our South African market and I wanted to make something PROUDLY SOUTH AFRICAN. I could have also simply imported the Chinese brands but they didn’t meet my high standards in terms of quality and absorption. Enter Blushproof® period panties – or ANY absorbing panties for that matter! They’re generally made with a “shell” which is the actual panty and a gusset which is the absorbing part. This absorbing part has 3 layers: The first layer touches your skin and is made of wicking fabric which draws your flow away from your body and into the gusset; The second layer is made of absorbing fabric (think Glodina bath towels but MUCH thinner) which absorbs your flow; and The third layer is a very thin waterproofing layer which stops your flow from leaking through onto your panties and clothes / bed sheets / you name it (we’ve all been there). After about a year of research, I found the right fabrics for the job and started importing them from the US and Taiwan (sadly, we don’t make these fabrics in SA). Why I chose these specific fabrics was because of their certification in terms of being anti-bacterial, anti-odour, moisture wicking, hypoallergenic, free of nasty chemicals and sustainably made – all things that are key in absorbing panties. People want to know that what they’re putting close to their vagina is not going to irritate, cause smells or lead to infections – so the right fabrics are essential. From there it was days and nights and many tears spent on designing styles and trying to get sizing right – what a challenge – but worth it to see that we now have something for everyone in our beautiful Rainbow Nation. There’s been a massive uptick in people starting to know about period panties and in different suppliers entering the market (although most are imported from China, which is fine too) and I’m starting to find that people actually know what I’m talking about without me having to first explain. So, why are Blushproof® period panties so amazing? They completely replace disposable sanitary pads and tampons. No more products ending up in landfills (did you know pads take 500+ years to biodegrade so the first pad you ever used is still out there somewhere?! EEUUWW – just saying). Another EEUUWW fact is that, in South Africa, used sanitary pads are being fished out of landfills and used for “muti”, but I digress. I get asked all sorts of questions like, “Do they last all day?”, “Surely they’re not for very heavy flow?”, “Isn’t it gross to carry the worn pair around in your bag?”, “What about the blood?”. Whenever something is new and requires a different mindset, generally, consumers will be weary (and in some cases, horrified!). In actual fact, they’re very easy to “use”. You’ll be wearing a pair of period panties and have a spare pair in your leakproof storage bag which you’ll keep in your gym bag, school bag, handbag. If, at some stage in the day, they start to feel wet (they actually feel dry until they’re “full”), then you’ll go to the bathroom, remove the worn pair and put on the spare pair of blushproofs. The worn pair will be safely stored in your leakproof pouch until you get home where you can rinse them before hand washing them or popping them into a mesh laundry bag and into the machine. Blushproofs can be worn, rinsed, washed and hang out to dry, ready for the next use. If looked after correctly, they can last for at least two years (I know this because my first customer that bought Blushproofs for her daughter in August 2021 is still using them AND they’re still in perfect condition). They come in a variety of styles, sizes (ranging from tweens aged 10 to plus sizes 3XL) and absorbencies (from light to super). We’re talking from the Thong with light absorbency which is used for spotting or as a backup to your menstrual cup or tampon, saving you from having to use panty-liners to the super absorption Hi-waist style for maximum coverage and absorption. We even have a Period Swim Bikini bottom which can be used during swimming so that girls and women don’t have to miss out on pool & beach time just because it’s that time of the month. I also always get asked, “But what about the cost?”. Yes, they are an investment but in actual fact, once you’ve bought a few pairs, you’re set for the next two+ years AND you’ll save about 40% compared to what you’d spend on normal pads (never mind the organic ones). You also won’t have to worry about dashing out to buy single-use products each month and you won’t be adding to the landfills and water systems. Culturally, period panties still have a long way to go in terms of

September 7, 2023

BIPOLAR IN TEENS: WHAT ARE THE EARLY SIGNS?

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, explores what bipolar disorder is, highlights the early signs to watch out for in teenagers, and emphasises the importance of seeking professional help and support. What is Bipolar Disorder and How Does it Affect Teens? Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic-depressive illness, is a mental health condition characterised by extreme mood swings. During adolescence’s ups and downs, teenagers with bipolar disorder navigate an additional layer of mood swings that can be intense and unpredictable. Their emotional journey becomes a delicate balancing act between moments of exhilarating highs, manic or hypomanic episodes, and deep lows of profound sadness or depression. In general, bipolar disorder affects approximately one in every 200 people globally. It is important to note that bipolar disorder can often go undiagnosed or misdiagnosed, particularly in teenagers, as symptoms may overlap with regular hormonal changes and typical teenage behaviour. The lack of awareness and stigma surrounding mental health issues can also contribute to underreporting and inaccurate statistics. What Causes Bipolar? The exact cause of bipolar disorder in teenagers is not fully understood. However, it is believed to result from a combination of the following factors: Genetics: Bipolar disorder tends to run in families, indicating a genetic predisposition. A family history of bipolar disorder or other mood disorders increases the likelihood of developing the condition. Neurochemical Imbalance: Imbalances in certain brain chemicals, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, are believed to play a role in the development of bipolar disorder. These imbalances can affect mood regulation and contribute to the disorder’s extreme mood swings. Brain Structure and Function: Studies have shown that individuals with bipolar disorder may have structural and functional differences in specific brain areas responsible for emotion regulation and impulse control. These differences can impact the brain’s ability to regulate mood effectively. Hormonal Imbalances: Fluctuations in hormones during adolescence may contribute to the onset of bipolar disorder in some teenagers. The hormonal changes during puberty can affect mood stability and trigger or exacerbate symptoms of bipolar disorder. Certain environmental factors can influence the development of bipolar disorder in susceptible individuals. Traumatic events, chronic stress, substance abuse, and significant life changes can contribute to the onset or recurrence of symptoms. Possible Bipolar Indicators Recognising the early signs of bipolar disorder in teenagers is crucial as it allows for timely intervention and appropriate treatment. The following are some common indicators to be mindful of. Extreme Mood Swings: Adolescents with bipolar disorder may experience intense shifts in mood that are more severe than typical teenage mood swings. These shifts can occur rapidly, with periods of elevated mood, irritability, or euphoria followed by profound sadness or hopelessness. Changes in Energy Levels: Teens with bipolar disorder may exhibit significant changes in their energy levels. During manic or hypomanic episodes, they may display increased energy, restlessness, and impulsivity. Conversely, during depressive episodes, they may feel lethargic, fatigued, and lacking motivation. Sleep Disturbances: Bipolar disorder can disrupt a teenager’s sleep patterns. They may experience insomnia during manic episodes, feeling little need for sleep, or hypersomnia during depressive episodes, sleeping excessively. Changes in Appetite and Weight: Fluctuations in appetite and weight are common in bipolar disorder. Some teenagers may experience increased appetite and weight gain during depressive episodes, while others may have decreased appetite and weight loss during manic episodes. Difficulty Concentrating: Bipolar disorder can affect a teenager’s ability to focus and concentrate, causing them to struggle with completing tasks, maintaining attention, and performing academically. Social Withdrawal or Agitation: Teens with bipolar disorder may exhibit changes in their social behaviours, withdrawing from social activities they once enjoyed or displaying increased irritability, agitation, or hostility towards others. Impaired Judgment: Teens with bipolar disorder may engage in risky or impulsive behaviours, such as reckless driving, excessive spending, or unprotected sex. Their impaired judgment during manic episodes can lead to adverse consequences. “It is important to note that these early signs may vary in intensity and duration from person to person”, says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “Not all teenagers experiencing these symptoms will have bipolar disorder. However, if these signs persist and significantly impact a teenager’s daily functioning, seeking professional evaluation and support from a qualified mental health provider is crucial. They can conduct a comprehensive assessment, accurately diagnose your teenager, and develop an individualised treatment plan”. Treatment for Bipolar Disorder in Teens Treatment for bipolar disorder often involves a combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle adjustments to manage symptoms effectively. Parents and caregivers also play a crucial role in supporting teenagers with bipolar disorder. Affinity Health offers the following eight tips to help navigate this challenging journey. Educate Yourself: Learn about bipolar disorder, its symptoms, and available treatment options. Understanding the condition will empower you to provide informed support. Promote Open Communication: Create a safe and non-judgmental environment where your teenager feels comfortable discussing their feelings and experiences. Establish a Routine: Help your teenager establish a consistent daily routine that includes regular sleep patterns, healthy meals, and structured activities. Maintaining a stable routine can help stabilise their mood and provide a sense of predictability. Encourage Self-Care: Teach your teenager the importance of self-care practices such as regular exercise, practising relaxation techniques, and engaging in activities they enjoy. Encourage them to prioritise their well-being and manage stress effectively. Foster a Supportive Network: Help your teenager to connect with supportive peers, join support groups, or participate in activities that promote social interaction. A strong support network can provide validation, understanding, and a sense of belonging. Monitor Medication: If their medication is prescribed, ensure your teenager takes it as directed and schedule regular check-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor its effectiveness and address any concerns. Be Patient and Understanding: Bipolar disorder can be challenging for teenagers and their families. Be patient, understanding, and supportive. Encourage open discussions about their experiences and feelings and be prepared to adapt and adjust as needed. Seek Professional Help: Bipolar disorder is a complex condition, and professional guidance is essential. Consult with mental health professionals specialising in adolescent bipolar disorder to ensure your teenager receives appropriate treatment and support. By being vigilant for the early

September 4, 2023

Dealing with diabetes

South Africa is the most obese nation in sub-Saharan Africa*. It’s not surprising then that we also have the highest rate of Type 2 diabetes. The danger is that most people are unaware of the risk until they are diagnosed as pre-diabetic or Type 2 diabetics. Diabetes is the third most significant risk factor for disability and early death in South Africa. While 4.5 million South Africans are currently diagnosed with the condition, what’s more alarming is it’s estimated that 61% of diabetics remain undiagnosed. The concern about the number of diabetics is not restricted to our country though. The International Diabetes Foundation predicts that by the year 2040, over 642 million people worldwide will be diagnosed with the disease. Lee Callakoppen, Principal Officer at Bonitas Medical Fund, together with the Scheme’s clinical team talks about diabetes and why a proactive and holistic approach to management of the disease is essential. What is diabetes? It is a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high. Insulin – a hormone made by the pancreas – helps glucose from food get into your cells to be used for energy. An overview Type 1 diabetes. Results from the body’s failure to produce insulin, the hormone that unlocks the cells of the body, allowing glucose to enter and fuel them Type 2 diabetes. With Type 2 diabetes, the more common type, your body does not make or use insulin well Pre-diabetes. This means that your blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough to be called diabetes. If you are at risk for Type 2 diabetes, you may be able to delay or prevent developing it by making some lifestyle changes Gestational diabetes. Is diabetes diagnosed, for the first time, during pregnancy (gestation) 10 early signs of diabetes The symptoms of diabetes are usually so mild that they can easily go unnoticed. This results in many diabetics being unaware of their condition until they are diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Fortunately, diabetes is a manageable condition, especially if diagnosed early. Here are 10 early signs you can look out for: #1 Frequent urination When your blood sugar is elevated, the kidneys can’t keep up with the amount of glucose in your system, allowing some of it to go into your urine. This results in you having to urinate more often than usual. #2 Increased hunger and thirst Diabetics usually don’t get enough energy from their food, which leads to a craving for more food. The frequent urination is also likely to cause dehydration and lead to you feeling thirstier than normal. #3 Pain and numbness If you have Type 2 diabetes, you might experience numbness in your hands and feet. This is usually a sign of nerve damage or diabetic neuropathy and is usually after years of living with diabetes. #4 Dry Mouth A dry mouth is one of the most common symptoms of diabetes. Symptoms may include: Trouble chewing, swallowing or speaking, dry, cracked lips, sores or infections in the mouth or a furry, dry tongue. #5 Blurred vision High sugar levels in the blood can damage the tiny blood vessels in the eyes, causing fluid to seep into the lens of the eye, potentially causing blurry vision. #6 Yeast infections Yeast feeds on glucose, so having plenty of glucose around makes it thrive. Yeast infections usually grow in warm, moist areas of skin, like between fingers and toes, under breasts and in or around sex organs. #7 Slow healing cuts and wounds Over time, high blood sugar levels narrow your blood vessels, slowing blood circulation and restricting much needed nutrients and oxygen from getting to the wounds. As a result, even small cuts and wounds may take weeks or months to heal. #8 Skin discolouration Insulin resistance can cause patches of darker skin to form on creases of the neck, armpits, groin area or over the knuckles. This condition, known as acanthosis nigricans, can be a result of diabetes. The skin in the affected area also becomes thickened. #9 Fatigue Diabetes-related fatigue is caused by fluctuating blood glucose levels resulting in not enough glucose for the body’s energy supply. #10 Weight loss Losing weight without trying to, can be a warning sign of diabetes. When your body can’t get energy from your food, it will start burning muscle and fat for energy instead, resulting in weight loss even though you haven’t changed your eating habits. Holistic treatment and management of diabetes critical Over the past few years, the Council for Medical Schemes (CMS) cited an increased prevalence of chronic conditions, diabetes in particular, as one of the key contributors to a rising disease burden and escalating healthcare costs. ’To offset this growing disease burden and proactively empower patients with diabetes to take control of their health, Bonitas has developed an integrated, holistic programme that is based on the specific needs of members with diabetes,’ says Callakoppen. Diabetic co-morbidities – a higher risk Individuals with diabetes often have other chronic conditions (co-morbidities) – such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease and depression. This fact greatly increases the risk of diabetics developing complications such as nerve damage, eye problems, kidney damage as well as problems in pregnancy. To manage diabetes effectively, all the other conditions and complications must be managed as well. A key feature of the Bonitas diabetes programme is that it manages each individual’s unique mix of disease and lifestyle factors, rather than a standard approach to managing a specific disease. Diabetes Management Complications of diabetes must be prevented by ensuring access to proper treatment such as specialised diabetes’ doctors, paediatricians, podiatrists, diabetic educators to help manage the diabetes. Diabetics need to understand their condition and be empowered to make the right decisions to stay healthy. Containing the risk ‘We believe the way forward is an increased focus on prevention, lifestyle changes, coordination of care by doctors and the utilisation of evidence-based disease management interventions,’ says Callakoppen. ‘The Bonitas clinical team uses an innovative Emerging Risk predictive model and screening algorithms

September 1, 2023

Fabulous fungi-loaded family meals perfect for both kids and busy parents

Our brand new kid-friendly recipes will have everyone leaving the dinner table happy, healthy and satisfied without feeling bloated.. Plus, they are quick and easy to make: exactly what we want to hear when racking our brains to find the best option for a busy weeknight dinner! Beef & Mushroom Stew with Mini Dumplings Serves 6 Ingredients: Stew: ± 1.2 kg stewing beef 50g flour 2 leeks, washed & sliced 2 medium carrots, peeled & sliced 2 celery stalks, sliced 2 sprigs rosemary 4 sprigs fresh thyme 2 Tbsp tomato paste 2 Tbsp balsamic vinegar 1L beef stock 4 shallots, peeled & halved 500g white button mushrooms, quartered Dumplings: 100g self raising flour 50g butter, cold and cubed Pinch sea salt 1 Tbsp fresh parsley, chopped ± 60ml cold water Olive oil, for cooking Salt and pepper, to taste Method: For the stew: Preheat oven to 160˚C. Heat a drizzle of olive oil in a large heavy-based pot over a medium heat. Place the beef in a bowl, toss with the flour and season well with salt and pepper. Add the seasoned meat to the hot oil and brown all over. Remove and set aside. Heat another drizzle of oil in the same pot. Add the leeks, carrots, celery and herbs. Sauté. Add the tomato paste and cook for a minute. Add the balsamic and stock, making sure to scrape any stuck brown bits off the bottom of the pot. Return the browned beef to the pot along with the shallots. Bring to a simmer, cover and cook in the oven for 2 hours until the meat is fall apart tender. When the stew is almost done cooking, make the dumplings: Place the flour, butter and salt into a bowl. Rub the butter into the flour until it resembles coarse breadcrumbs. Add the chopped parsley and mix well. Add 2-3 Tbsp water at a time and knead into a soft dough. Shape the dough into small balls. Remove stew from the oven. Turn heat up to 180˚C, with the fan on. Stir the mushrooms into the stew. Cover the surface of the stew with the little dumplings, spacing them evenly all over. Cover with the pot lid and return to the oven for 15 minutes. Carefully remove the lid and bake for a further 15 minutes until the dumplings are golden. Scoop the stew into bowls, dividing up the dumplings and enjoy! Beef, Bean & Mushroom Sliders with Homemade Tomato Sauce Makes ± 12-15 sliders, depending on size Ingredients: Patties: 1 x 400g tin black beans, rinsed, drained and lightly mashed 250g portabellini mushrooms, finely sliced 1 large white onion, diced 500g beef mince 50g panko breadcrumbs 2 Tbsp fresh parsley, finely chopped Homemade tomato sauce: 1 x 400g tin tomato purée 40g brown sugar 3 Tbsp red wine vinegar ½ tsp onion powder 1 tsp celery salt To serve: 12-15 white slider buns / mini burger buns (Many bakeries also call these cocktail buns) Mayonnaise Lettuce leaves Sliced tomato Sliced red onion Olive oil, for cooking Salt and pepper, to taste Method: To make the tomato sauce: Place all the ingredients in a saucepan over medium heat. Stir gently until everything comes to a light simmer. Cover and reduce heat to low. Simmer for 15 minutes for the flavours to develop. Taste to adjust seasoning. Cool. For the patties: Preheat a braai to medium high heat. Heat a drizzle of olive oil in a frying pan. Add the mushrooms and cook until golden brown. Add the onion and a pinch of salt. Cook until tender, golden and lightly caramelised. Place in a large bowl. To the bowl add the black beans, beef, breadcrumbs and parsley. Season well with salt and pepper. Mix thoroughly until very well combined. Shape mixture into patties. It is a good idea to check the size of your slider buns and make your patties are just larger than the buns as they will shrink during cooking. Brush patties all over with olive oil and braai until golden brown on both sides. You can also bake them in the oven or cook them on the stovetop. Allow the patties to rest. Build sliders with your favourite burger toppings. Add a generous dollop of homemade tomato sauce to each slider and enjoy! Cheesy Mushroom Macaroni Serves 8 Ingredients: 500g portabello mushrooms 350g macaroni or similar short pasta 500g medium fat cream cheese 100g cheddar cheese, grated 2 tsp Dijon mustard 2 tsp onion powder 1 tsp garlic powder Pinch of nutmeg 1 Tbsp fresh chives, minced 100g cheddar cheese, grated 15g / 3 Tbsp breadcrumbs Salt and pepper, to taste Fresh basil leaves, for serving 28 x 18 cm baking dish Method: Preheat oven to 200˚C, fan on. Place portabellos on a large baking tray, season with salt and pepper. Roast in the middle of the oven for ±7 minutes until tender and juicy. Allow mushrooms to rest, drain off their liquid and slice into large chunks. In a large pot of salted, boiling water, cook the macaroni until al dente. Using a jug, scoop out a generous cup of pasta cooking water and set aside. Drain the macaroni. While the macaroni is cooking, place cream cheese, cheddar, mustard, onion powder, garlic powder and nutmeg in a large saucepan. Switch heat onto very low and allow everything to melt together. When the cream cheese is almost melted, pour in a little pasta water, mixing well until you achieve a smooth silky sauce. Add the drained macaroni and the fresh chives, stir to combine. Keep adding a little extra pasta water to keep things saucy. Finally fold in the large chunks of roasted mushrooms. Taste to adjust seasoning. Scoop mixture into a baking dish and top with remaining cheddar and breadcrumbs. Transfer to the oven and bake for 10 – 15 min until the top is golden brown and bubbling. Scoop into bowls, top with some fresh basil and enjoy! Veggie Loaded Spaghetti Cake

September 1, 2023

Women’s Wellness: How to Achieve Optimal Health for Every Stage of Life

As unique as women are, so are their nutritional needs that constantly change throughout their life stages. Women in general may face silent challenges in maintaining their health and wellness and often experience specific health issues that require special attention and care. With a wide range of supplements, beauty products, and health solutions specially designed for women, Now Foods®, a leading natural products manufacturer, provides a range of specialty vitamins, antioxidants, minerals, amino acids, and enzymes to benefit a woman’s well-being and wellness every day and month of the year. DAILY SUPPORT NOW Women often have busy schedules juggling the many responsibilities life brings, making it difficult to maintain a balanced diet and eat a wide enough variety of healthy foods necessary to provide them with the essential vitamins and minerals to maintain their daily performance. Boost your vitality and stave off that afternoon lag with a daily habit of adding healthy supplementation to your morning cup of coffee. A powerhouse for your immune system, Liposomal Vitamin C, Immune & Collagen Support (with PureWay-C) (R699), demonstrated enhanced absorption, cellular uptake, and bodily retention in clinical studies as compared to other forms of vitamin C. It simply protects you from the onset of autoimmune disorders, is necessary for collagen synthesis, and maintains capillary and blood vessel integrity, cartilage, and bone health against inflammation. It also relieves endometriosis sufferers while enhancing mood and cognitive brain function. Vitamin C is necessary for collagen supplementation to be absorbed into your system, and PureWay-C is certainly the best combination if you’re looking for rapid absorption. Combine it with Now Food’s Super Omega 3-6-9 1000 mg (R449) for a blend of nutritional flax seed, evening primrose, canola, black currant, and pumpkin seed to maintain healthy skin from the inside, normal immune system balance, and proper nervous system function. IMMUNE SUPPORT NOW Whether you are a soccer mom, entrepreneur or business globe trotter, your metabolism can be tested by the variety of people and universal germs you may encounter along the way. Biotin 5,000 mcg supports your Amino Acid metabolism. It boosts your energy production by improving the synthesis of certain proteins, enhancing your immune system and giving you strong nails, healthy hair and a lively skin tone. If you’re looking for a one-world wonder, look no further. Eve™ Women’s Multivitamin (R649) as created to provide women with a natural alternative to mass-market multiples and formulas with synthetic ingredients and questionable additives. EVE™ is a premier women’s multivitamin specially formulated for the vitamin needs of pre-menopausal adult women, featuring unique natural ingredients like evening primrose, cranberry, green tea, horsetail silica, coq10, and more, and is formulated for better GI tolerability. COLLAGEN SUPPORT NOW Yes, there’s more to collagen to just aiding wrinkles. With aging your body might start complaining of morning aches and pains. UC-II Type II Collagen (R769) provides holistic joint health with a patented undenatured type II collagen, which is active in the primary connective tissues of the body, giving flexibility and support to your joints and cartilage. Derived from chicken sternum cartilage, UC-II® has proven in human clinical studies that just one 40 mg capsule per day can help to promote joint comfort, as well as healthy joint function and flexibility so you can stay agile, strong and pain free. Finally, before you step out for the day, add the final touch to your beauty regime. The new Colllagen Jelly Beauty Complex – Jelly Sticks (R499) features VERISOL® Bioactive Collagen Peptides, which have been optimized to maximize collagen production. Enjoy one jelly stick a day for healthy, radiant skin while reducing fine lines and wrinkles within 4 weeks. Available in sweet orange and sweet plum flavours and comes in convenient sachets to enjoy on the go. P.S. Always pair up your collagen supplementation with a high-quality Vitamin C to ensure absorption – our Liposomal Vitamin C, Immune & Collagen Support (with PureWay-C) is ideal. Staying healthy and feminine has never been this easy! DIGESTIVE HEALTH NOW Based on our genetic nature, women are more likely to have irritable bowel syndrome and other gastrointestinal (GI) disorders than men. Chronic digestive problems can be a real pain in the gut and interfere with healthy eating habits or worsen quality of life. Food in the stomach tends to empty into the intestines more slowly in women than in men and this sluggish digestion can make women feel nauseas or bloated. Super Enzymes (R599) can offer a comprehensive blend of enzymes to support healthy digestion. It’s formulated with bromelain, ox bile, pancreatin and papain that helps to optimize the breakdown of fats, carbohydrates and protein. Probiotics are essential for maintaining a healthy gut and preventing and treating digestive problems such as diarrhoea, constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and lactose intolerance. Not only do probiotics balance the levels of good and bad bacteria in our intestines, but they also help us digest certain foods, absorb nutrients, and produce beneficial short-chain fatty acids. Probiotic-10™ (R399) provides ten probiotic strains and is dairy, soy and gluten-free, giving you a balanced spectrum of live organisms to naturally colonise your gut and maintain the integrity of your intestinal lining and detoxification process. Pair it with Now Food’s Optimal Digestive System (R499) of full-spectrum enzymes to further aid the digestion of most foods, including beans and cruciferous vegetables. STRESS & MOOD SUPPORT NOW When we lack time and energy to get things done, we add further stress to the equation. If crisis management seems to be the order of the day, your nervous system can do with some added reinforcement. Mood Support (R469) with St. John’s Wort, provides the nutrients and herbal extracts needed by your nervous system, helping you hold it all together and be more effective with a positive, balanced mood state that helps you to keep winning. You can also add the tonic effect of Rhodiola 500 mg (R649), which helps you adapt to the stress and naturally support your body’s capacity to cope. Rhodiola has been

August 31, 2023

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