Pregnancy - Parenting Hub

leading expert advice

What is Perinatal Distress… and what does it really look like?

Most of us have heard of perinatal distress, also known as postnatal depression or PND, but why is this common and treatable illness often misunderstood and underdiagnosed? I was propped up in bed trying to feed my one-week-old infant staring at a pamphlet titled: “Postnatal Depression”. I thought to myself, “oh that’s when a new mother lies in bed all day crying. I definitely don’t have that. I’m not even going to open this pamphlet. I’m exhausted, I have my hands full with a fussy baby, I don’t have time to read this and besides, I don’t have PND anyway.” Two months later, I was hospitalised for nearly two weeks, followed by months of therapy and medication. You guessed it: I had PND. This medical condition had gone undiagnosed long enough for it to ravage my body and mind, as well as tear a hole through our entire family. When I look back at that dark and difficult time, I often think to myself that if only I had understood then what PND truly looked like, this illness would never have been able to take such a powerful hold on my life. The jaw-dropping reality is that PND affects well over 10% of women within the first year of giving birth. Many of those women are never diagnosed and treated because they don’t know what PND is or may be too ashamed to seek help. Why do we know so little about PND? Let’s rewind a little. PND used to stand for Postnatal Depression, a mental health condition in which mothers would experience depression and anxiety after their baby’s birth. Fast forward to present day: PND now stands for Perinatal Distress, because experts now understand that this mental health condition can occur both before and after giving birth (yes you can have PND when you are pregnant!) and that mothers can experience a wide range of symptoms. These may include depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive behaviours, sleep disorders, anger and more. In the most extreme cases (postnatal psychosis – a medical emergency) a mother may experience hallucinations or voices. The full list of symptoms is a long one, but may include some or all of the following: Feeling low, sad, tired, hopeless, alone, scared, angry, bored, irritable, guilty, on edge. Changes in appetite (either eating more or less than usual) Weight loss or gain Loss of interest in enjoyable activities; not looking forward to things. Lack of interest in the baby Panic attacks Overwhelming, scary thoughts. Even thoughts of harming yourself or the baby Changes in energy levels, sleep patterns or tiredness (hard to gauge with a new baby when you’re sleeping less anyway, but if you are unable to sleep when you are exhausted, there may be a problem) Mood swings, crying more often, restlessness and irritability Brain fuzz or racing thoughts Herein lies the Problem These symptoms cover most of the common emotions experienced by mothers in the perinatal period. Some of these symptoms are completely normal and result from extreme hormonal fluctuations associated with pregnancy and birth. However, these symptoms should only last for a couple of weeks after the baby is born (The Baby Blues). So how can a mother tell what is normal, and what is PND? A good rule is that if you feel like you’re not yourself, or you are not coping, have a chat to your healthcare provider. If you don’t feel like you can talk to your GP, obstetrician or clinic nurse, then turn to a trusted friend or family member. You do not have to suffer in silence. There are various treatment options available to you which are perfectly safe, both before and after giving birth. With the correct treatment, PND can be completely resolved. Left untreated, it may be fatal, to both a mother and her child. Why do most women have only a vague idea of what PND can actually look like? Because we don’t talk about it! Even in todays’ open-minded world of acceptance, there is still a heavy burden of societal stigma attached to a mother’s mental health. When a woman is pregnant or has a baby, she is expected to be happy! “You’ve been so blessed!”; “Enjoy every minute, they go by so fast!”; “You’ve got what you always wanted – you must be thrilled!” These are all phrases that most mothers have heard at some point. If she is struggling inwardly, she may feel guilty that she is not happy. Mothers are often wracked with insecurity, which they can keep well hidden. She may worry that she will be seen as ungrateful, or even unfit to be a mother. PND survivor Hayls Lieberthal wanted nothing more than to have a child, but as her pregnancy progressed, so did her self-doubt. “I was told all the time, ‘you are carrying life, you’re very blessed’ and ‘You have nothing to feel sad about!’” She vividly recalls a woman saying to her “look at you, you must be so excited!” and found herself lying behind a false smile: “I am so excited I can’t wait!” Meanwhile, on the inside all she could think was “I can’t do this.” From the moment your pregnancy is confirmed, healthcare professionals typically focus intensely on a mother and baby’s physical health, but less on a mother’s mental health. Even when a healthcare provider is aware of PND and asks the patient all the right questions, a mother may not divulge how she truly feels because she feels ashamed. After I had my first baby, I was overwhelmed by my new life and role. There were times that I thought I had made a terrible mistake, and that maybe I wasn’t cut out to be a mother after all. These feelings were shameful to me, and I didn’t feel like I could tell anyone. Little did I know that those feelings are incredibly common among new mothers, even mothers who do not have PND. The Truth about PND PND is not

March 15, 2021

Your second trimester – making the most of it

Your second trimester is from the beginning of week 13 until week 28, during this time your pregnancy will begin to show. However, you should feel like you have more energy than you did in trimester one. This is why this trimester is also nicknamed the honeymoon period of pregnancy – your baby isn’t big enough to make you uncomfortable and your pregnancy hormones should have eased up. During this time there are one or two things that you can keep in mind to make the most of this time while you’re feeling better, and to ensure that your baby (and you) are kept healthy and happy. Childbirth classes, preparing your mind and body Even if this isn’t your first baby, childbirth classes can help prepare you for what is to come. If you’re feeling anxious about labour and birth, these classes will help ease your worries, by informing you what is to come and how best to manage your mind and body coming up to, during birth and after birth. Prenatal exercise and a healthy lifestyle Stay fit and healthy during your pregnancy is important to both you and your baby. What you eat and regular exercise are both ways in which you can provide needed nutrition to your baby and keep yourself healthy. Low impact exercise, such yoga, swimming, walking and prenatal pilates can help improve your sleep, and increase your strength and muscle tone. Keeping active can even have the added benefit of helping prepare your body for labour and birth. Maternity wear and staying comfortable Not only is learning about your pregnancy and staying healthy essential but staying comfortable is also important. The second trimester is generally when your tummy will start looking and feeling bigger, so invest in some trousers that have more give in the waistline. Luckily certain fashion items, such as flowy dresses and layered knits, may even mean you can still keep using your pre-pregnancy clothes.

March 9, 2021

WORLD BIRTH DEFECTS DAY

World Birth Defects Day (WBDD) is a day observed on 3 March. Besides the very important aim of improving the health and quality of life of those affected by congenital conditions, one of the main goals of this annual awareness day is to share what is already known about how to prevent birth defects1. There are many types of birth defects, which are also known as congenital anomalies, congenital disorders or congenital conditions1, the most common of these severe defects are heart defects, neural tube defects and Down syndrome2. Every year an estimated 7.9 million children, 6 percent of total births worldwide, are born with a serious birth defect3. Neural tube defects (NTDs) occur when the spinal cord fails to close properly4. The most common neural tube defect is spina bifida which can occur anywhere along the spine if the neural tube does not close all the way, which can result in the backbone that protects the spinal cord not forming and closing as it should. This often results in damage to the spinal cord and nerves5. The most serious neural tube defect is anencephaly, which is when a baby is born without part of its skull and brain. Babies born with anencephaly will eventually die4. Fortunately, some congenital disorders can be prevented2, particularly neural tube defects3. Folate (vitamin B-9) is important in red blood cell formation and for healthy cell growth and function6. This nutrient is crucial during early pregnancy to reduce the risk of these birth defects of the brain and spine. The synthetic form of folate is folic acid6. There is overwhelming scientific evidence linking an increased intake of synthetic folic acid to a reduced risk of neural tube defects3. In fact, research indicates that at least half the cases of neural tube defects could be prevented if women consumed sufficient folic acid before conception and during early pregnancy3, with some estimates stating that consuming enough folic acid (at least 400 micrograms per day) can reduce certain birth defects of the brain and spinal cord by more than 70 percent4. Folate is found naturally mainly in dark green leafy vegetables, beans, peas and nuts. Fruits rich in folate include oranges, lemons, bananas, melons and strawberries6. Many cereals and pastas are also fortified with folic acid6. Taking a prenatal vitamin, containing at least 400 micrograms of folic acid daily4, ideally starting three months before conception, can help ensure that women get enough of this essential nutrient6. A prenatal vitamin, such as PregOmega Plus, which is South Africa’s No.1 prenatal choice7, contains not only 500 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid, but also added Omega 3, Calcium, Vitamin D and Magnesium and other vitamins and minerals. While not all birth defects can be prevented, there are certain things that a woman can do before and during her pregnancy to increase her chances of having a healthy baby. Besides getting 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid every day before falling pregnant, other steps include regular check-ups and prenatal care, not drinking alcohol, taking recreational drugs or smoking, preventing infections where possible, and checking with a healthcare provider about any medications they may be taking or thinking about taking, whether these are prescription, over-the-counter medications or even herbal8. Please remember to speak to a doctor, pharmacist or gynaecologist about what supplements to take before and during pregnancy. Go tohttps://pregomega.co.za/ for more information.

March 3, 2021

EXPLICIT AND CRINGE-WORTHY WOMB STORIES UNCOVERED IN LIBRESSE’S CAMPAIGN

Feminine hygiene brand, Libresse, has launched its most intimate campaign, yet. The compelling initiative empowers women to explicitly share honest, cringe-worthy experiences of womanhood. From the profound diagnosis and fertility treatments, to severe menstrual cycles. The Womb Stories series, features women of various ages and commits to nullify common myths that exist around their complexities. In mid-February 2021, Libresse introduced the powerful stories on its digital pages, collaborating with the voices of ordinary women around the world. The campaign stems from the social misinterpretations, lack of knowledge and stigma that linger around the female body. Commonly, women are deprived to speak out in confidence and unapologetically about what really happens to their organs- the effects thereof and the process it takes to overcome it. Libresse, as a personal care brand identified this as a concern and set out to drive these important dialogues. It distinguished itself in an audacious manner, outlining and showcasing the gruesome nature to which the uterus and womb experience change. The choice of words used are blunt and the visuals portrayed mirror the pain felt during this intimate journey. Endometriosis, Menopause, Hysterectomy and miscarriages are some of the issues that are covered. “This campaign highlights that a woman’s journey with her body is not simplistic. It reveals the emotional, complicated and sometimes painful realities of women’s intimate experiences. We want to reverse the stigma that is often associated with uteruses, periods and vaginas by encouraging women to have open conversations about their bodies, says Mpho Nojiwa, Marketing Brand Manager of Libresse. The campaign will further launch Womb Table, a video segment that will gather doctors and experts, Dr Sindi Van Zyl, Dr Boitumelo Makaulule and Dr Chriselda Kananda to further discuss some of the issues that resonate with South African women.

February 26, 2021

NEW TO MOTHERHOOD IN COVID-19 TIMES

The six weeks after childbirth, known as the post-partum period, is a vulnerable time for women and their infants. The impacts of the ongoing pandemic have only heightened concerns that new mothers in South Africa are able to access the care and resources they need as they step into motherhood. It’s not unusual for the need for post-partum follow-ups to extend for four to six months, especially in cases where there are physical and emotional issues and health complications. In South Africa, primary health care provides free services to pregnant and lactating mothers, as well as children under six years. Given the severe economic impact of the global pandemic, this access to post-partum care has become particularly important to the country’s new mothers. As with pregnancy, nutrition is a particular focus of post-partum care. New mothers need the support to recover from the rigours of pregnancy and childbirth so that they can cope well with the different challenges presented by infant care. Exclusive breastfeeding, which means providing only breastmilk to the exclusion of water, tea, juice or food, from birth for the first six months of life, is crucial and requires ongoing support within the family and through community and healthcare connections. According to ADSA (The Association for Dietetics in South Africa) spokesperson, Professor Lisanne du Plessis breastfeeding is not only the best source of food for babies; it is also a major cost saver for food-insecure families and a major immune support for vulnerable children. Therefore, we have to make sure during this COVID-19 time that our new moms are healthy and well-nourished. She says, “Mothers should try and eat a healthy balance of fresh, whole foods including carbohydrates from unrefined, whole grain starches; proteins from meat, eggs, fish, chicken, beans and legumes; healthy fats; fruit and vegetables as well as dairy thatsupplies vitamins and minerals. They should try to avoid fast foods and other ultra-processed foods that are high in salt, sugar, preservatives, and unhealthy fats. It is interesting to note that breastfeeding moms need around 500 additional calories daily, which equates to an extra snack such as a wholewheat bread sandwich with cheese or peanut butter; one to two glasses of milk, and an extra vegetable plus a fruit. What is most important is a focus on fresh and whole foods. New moms who are battling currently with household food insecurity need to raise this issue with their primary health care providers and get connected to a community-based or non-profit initiative which supports families through food parcel or other food security programmes. When it comes to nutrition, post-partum care and breastfeeding, some of the same pregnancy restrictions should continue. Prof du Plessis says, “Limit coffee drinking to just one cup a day, avoid other drinks and snacks that contain caffeine, and keep avoiding cigarettes and alcohol.” An issue for many new moms is managing the weight they gained through pregnancy. Another Registered Dietitian and ADSA spokesperson, Cath Day says, “Don’t rush it. Don’t worry about how much you weigh for at least the first six weeks after the birth of your baby. During this time, concentrate on eating fresh and minimally processed food. Focus on your support system and on getting enough rest. Once you have healed from childbirth and established a good breastmilk supply, you can begin to think about getting your body back. Go slow, do what you can, and be kind to yourself. If you are not back to your pre-pregnancy weight by six months, then you can start looking at your diet and exercise regime. Remember, it took you 9 months to gain the extra weight, so give yourself enough time.” As disruptive as the pandemic has been, and how it has shaped many women’s experience of pregnancy, childbirth, and new motherhood, what’s important to remember is that COVID-19 has not changed the essentials of bringing a new life into the world. Moms need the same as they always have. They need support and encouragement from their families and friends. They need access to good, fresh foods. They need easy access to quality healthcare and professional support when needed. Day says, “There is currently no evidence to suggest that pregnant women and new mothers need to adapt their nutrition specifically in response to COVID-19. Pregnant mothers and new mothers should concentrate on eating a healthy and well-balanced diet made up of minimally processed and fresh foods such as wholegrains, legumes, nuts and seeds, plenty of fruit and vegetables, lean proteins, and plant-based oils. Combat stress with a healthy, balanced diet along with enough sleep and exercise. Consider stress management techniques such as walking, deep breathing, meditation, yoga or Pilates. It is really important that if mothers require nutrition and food support, there are various government, non-government and community-based programmes providing food parcels and other social relief.” Prof du Plessis adds: “Although everyone is encouraged to stay at home with COVID-19 regulations in place, it is important that new mothers continue to go for their check-ups and take their babies for routine immunizations and follow-up clinic visits, according to the schedule in the Road to Health booklet. During these visits, mothers should ask questions about their health and their children’s growth, health, and nutrition. They should also request breastfeeding support if they are experiencing challenges to their goal of breastfeeding exclusively for the first six months. The pandemic has not changed the essentials of life, and post-partum maternal and infant health remains a high priority in our country.”

February 12, 2021

Pregnancy and COVID

Looking back at last year, we had no idea how COVID-19 would change the way that we live. It has crept into every facet of our lives. We have had to change the way that we work, learn, bury our loved ones, and socialise. Nothing is “normal” anymore. COVID-19 has had a profound impact on women who are pregnant. The ability for pregnant women to receive health care and general support from friends and loved ones have changed drastically. Pregnancy is a time where a woman and her partner need to be supported and have their regular medical checkups to help them have a healthy baby. Our new normal does not allow for large baby showers, friends popping over for a chat and a cuddle of your baby. Grandparents can’t visit in hospital and in some NICU visitation to the baby is very limited. So how then does a woman and her partner prepare for pregnancy and the time when your baby comes home? Here are 5 topics to consider: Social distancing / Self Isolation during and after pregnancy: The current research suggests that women who contract COVID-19 while pregnant have an increased risk of severe illness and death compared to non-pregnant women. They also have an increased risk of having adverse pregnancy outcomes like prematurity. Over the last year we have learnt that it is almost impossible to have no risk of contracting COVID but if you do need to leave your house, you can consider the risk of the activity. This will allow you to plan and put in place ways to reduce the risks. There may even be some activities you will have to avoid. In general, the more people you have close and prolonged contact with will increase your risk of getting COVID-19. You also need to consider the actions of the people that you live with and how they are interacting with other people. The best way to protect yourselves from contracting COVID-19 is to limit interactions with people. Steps that you can take when you need to interact with others are: Wear a mask over your nose and mouth, try to keep about 2m away from other people, wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds and if indoors try to be in a well-ventilated room. Events like baby showers, shopping for baby items and visit of friends once baby is home, need to be rethought as to how to make it safer for you and your baby. Some baby shower ideas are online zoom parties or drive by and drop off the gifts and a note. What ever you decide to do, consider the risks and how to reduce them. My Breastpump has an online store where you can have breastfeeding items delivered to your home: https://bit.ly/3obw7vH Look after your health. Keep all your health care appointments. Talk to your health care provider about the safest way to deliver your baby. You might consider having a home birth with a Midwife or giving birth in hospital. Eat a health balanced diet and take all your vitamin and mineral supplements. Keep active so that you are strong for the delivery. Find online antenatal classes to help you prepare for your delivery. The class should include information on different delivery types, how to recover from delivery, information of how to care for your baby once you get back home and are breastfeeding. Finding out what your hospitals policies are around COVID. It is best to know what the hospital policy is regarding COVID testing before delivery, your partners ability to see your baby, what if you do have COVID and visitation during hospital stay for family members. This will help you to be prepared and to pack your maternity bag accordingly. Many hospitals are not allowing non-parents to visit in the maternity ward. This may be lonely and scary, but it does allow you and your partner to have a baby-moon, where you both can focus on getting to know your little one, gives you time to learn how to breast feed and allows you to rest and recover after your delivery. Learn as much as you can about breast feeding. Breast feeding, although it is natural, is a learnt skill that you and your baby will need to learn. It is important to know how to breastfeed, what is normal and learn as much about breastfeeding before you give birth. Include your partner so that he will be able to help you if and when you need it. There are many videos that you can watch on YouTube about breastfeeding with a deep latch. You can visit our website for more information on breastfeeding and expressing milk. It is highly recommended that you find a lactation consultant that can give you an online breastfeeding workshop while you are pregnant. This gives you the necessary information to breastfeed well and someone you know that can help you if you need the help. If you would like to book a consultation with Carey a SACLC please email [email protected] for more information on a breastfeeding workshop. Have a plan for when you get home. The first few weeks after the birth can be difficult due to sleep deprivation and learning to care for your new child. COVID-9 just makes it so much harder because we are all social distancing. Have a plan or ideas of how you are going to make life simpler for yourself. Firstly, let your family know about visitation and how you would like them to interact with your new baby. Let them know what you would like: No visit policy, Visit but you can only look though the window or you can visit but you must wear a mask and sanitise. Will you have someone in the house to help you? If so, will that person need to self-isolate before they move in? You can ask your friend s and family to support you by taking

February 10, 2021

Why it’s important to care for your skin during and after pregnancy

The skin is our largest organ and it serves a number of essential functions. During and after pregnancy a woman may experience changes in her skin. In order to protect herself and her baby, certain skincare ingredients need to be avoided during these periods while others need to be introduced to nourish and care for the skin’s new needs. When selecting skincare products for yourself during pregnancy, and for your baby after birth, it’s important to understand that our skin serves a vital function in our relationship with our babies. What role does the skin play when it comes to mom’s relationship with baby? Skin-to-skin contact is usually referred to as the practice where a baby is dried and laid directly on their mother’s bare chest after birth, both of them covered in a warm blanket and left for at least an hour or until after their first feed. Skin-to-skin contact provides an appropriate and affordable, yet high quality alternative to technology. There is a growing body of evidence that indicates skin-to-skin contact after the birth helps babies and their mothers in many ways: It calms and relaxes both mother and baby. It regulates the baby’s heart rate and breathing, helping them to better adapt to life outside the womb. It stimulates digestion and an interest in feeding. It regulates temperature. It enables colonisation of the baby’s skin with the mother’s friendly bacteria, thus providing protection against infection and boosting baby’s immunity. It plays an important role to help prevent postpartum depression. It stimulates the release of hormones to support breastfeeding and mothering. It stimulates the release of the oxytocin hormone (“cuddle” and pleasure hormone) in both mother and baby. What makes human skin so special? Human skin is a complex living material but in biomechanical tests it reveals its homogeneous nature. Our environment can directly influence who we are: the skin reacts immediately and directly to the outside environment. The skin is colonised by a diverse milieu of microorganisms, most of which are harmless and some very beneficial to their host. The primary role of the skin is to serve as a physical barrier, protecting our bodies from potential assault by foreign organisms or toxic substances. The skin is also an interface with the outside environment and as such, is colonised by a diverse collection of microorganisms. Symbiotic microorganisms occupy a wide range of skin functions and protect against invasion by more pathogenic or harmful organisms and may play a role in educating T cells in the skin, priming them to respond to pathogenic counterparts. In utero, foetal skin is sterile, but colonisation occurs immediately after birth. Microbial communities of the skin and other sites are established and stabilised during the first years of life especially with skin-to-skin contact with mommy or daddy as a newborn explores its environment and matures its immune system. During puberty, changes in sebum production parallel the levels of lipophilic bacteria on the skin. Physiological and anatomical differences between male and female cutaneous environments – such as sweat, sebum and hormone production – partially account for the microbial differences seen between the sexes. Environmental factors specific to the individual, including occupation, clothing, skincare regime and antibiotic usage may regulate colonisation by the skin microbiota. The importance of using specific products on both mother and baby to sustain the effect of skin-to-skin contact Mommy and baby care, hygiene and skincare products are potential factors contributing to the variation of skin microbiota. For example, the use of products that are not pH balanced will alter the conditions of the skin barrier and may either encourage healthy skin flora growth rates or cause it to deteriorate. Understanding the ingredients in skincare products that may affect skin health Particular compounds and molecules need to be applied to skin in order to assist and supplement a homeostatic balance at all times, even when the skin is exposed to the atmosphere with social and environmental stressors. A product with measurable quality, safety and efficacy standards should be considered. Bottom line: don’t settle for just anything when choosing a skincare brand and product, as not all products are created equally. Do your research and choose a product that proves its efficacy by using scientific evidence. Do some research on ingredients, and ensure the products you are using contain ingredients that are safe and effective. Look for a product that understands this scientific rationale and will optimise your skin-to-skin contact with your baby Offering a wide range of skincare solutions for the entire human race, with no exception to mommies-to-be and babies, Biomedical Emporium understands that skincare has to work both on a cellular and a molecular level. Their latest skincare range is the Maternology series for pre-conception and pregnancy, and the Biosimilar BioBaby series for baby. During the process of trying to fall pregnant, IVF treatments and pregnancy itself it is important for a woman to change her skincare regime. The Maternology range helps prepare the mother’s skin for the skin-to-skin contact after baby is born. Many biochemical changes take place during pregnancy. Some women get a beautiful glow during pregnancy due to the elevated hydration and skin moisture retention levels along with the amplified exposure to vitamins and minerals via placental fluid transport. Unfortunately, for other expecting mothers, the increased and fluctuating hormonal activity during the first trimester can have the opposite effect, and may result in an increase in sebum production that may lead to acne and the expression of pigmentation. Skincare during pregnancy should be simple and easy due to the skin being much more sensitive and reactive. The following product ingredients should also be avoided during pregnancy: Retinoic acids. Beta Hydroxy Acids. Any peroxide-containing ingredients. Artificial colour-stained products and products containing fragrances. Skin-staining products (refrain from using self-tanning products during pregnancy). Avoid skin lightening or bleaching ingredients such as hydroquinone-containing products. Avoid mechanical exfoliation as this may deteriorate the skin’s barrier function. The Biomedical Emporium Maternology range is simplistic, easy, and safe to use. The ingredients are rich in vitamins and

February 5, 2021

Pregnancy and the Immune System

The role of nutrition in strengthening the immune system has been the focus of many studies over the years1. The immune system is your body’s natural defence system. It is an intricate network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend your body against invaders, invaders that can include bacteria, viruses, parasites, or even fungus, all with the potential to make us sick2. Your immune system works all year round to ward off all kinds of illnesses2. But what happens to the immune system when you fall pregnant? Are there ways to naturally boost your immune system during pregnancy? The immune system and pregnancy are very much interconnected, with your immune system undergoing some very intense changes when you are pregnant3. So fascinating are the highly orchestrated changes in the immune system throughout pregnancy that the Stanford University School of Medicine conducted the first-ever study into the meticulously timed immune system changes in women that occur during pregnancy. The results, which were published in 2017, revealed that there is an immune clock of pregnancy and that the timing of immune system changes follow a precise and predictable pattern in normal pregnancy. These results may be a step towards understanding why some babies are born prematurely and how this can be prevented, by researching why someone’s immune system is not adapting to pregnancy the way it is expected to4. While these immune system changes can help you to fall pregnant, stay pregnant and deliver your baby, they ironically can also make you more susceptible to illness3. This is because changes in hormone levels and immune system function can make you more vulnerable to infections and complications. During pregnancy, different parts of your immune system are enhanced while others are suppressed5. These changes also help protect your baby from your body’s defences and means that during pregnancy, your immune system has to work harder since it’s supporting two of you. This makes you susceptible to certain infections5. These changes in the immune system during pregnancy make pregnant women (and women up to two weeks postpartum) more prone to severe illness from flu which is why many healthcare experts recommend that pregnant women get the flu vaccine6. Consuming the right nutrients is important at every stage of life, but it is especially critical during pregnancy, as pregnant women need to nourish both themselves and their growing babies6. Vitamins and minerals support maternal and foetal growth at every stage of pregnancy and are required to support critical functions such as cell growth7. Hannelise Rademan, a Registered Dietitian currently volunteering at Worcester Provincial Hospital in the Western Cape, reiterates that vitamins and minerals can be seen as building blocks to strengthen your immune system. “These building blocks include vitamins A, C and D, minerals such as zinc and omega-3 fatty acids,” she says8. When you are pregnant, a healthy diet should include the right balance of carbohydrates, proteins, and healthy fats, as well as micro-nutrients like iron, folate, calcium, and vitamin9. Many health experts globally recommend that all pregnant women take a prenatal vitamin and folic acid supplement. This is advised to fill nutritional gaps and also to prevent birth defects like spina bifida7. A prenatal vitamin, such as PregOmega Plus, which is South Africa’s No.1 prenatal choice10, not only contains 500 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid, but also added Omega 3, Calcium, Zinc, Vitamin D, Vitamin C, Magnesium and other vitamins and minerals which all have a myriad of benefits for both the mother and her growing foetus, some of which are mentioned below11. Calcium’s key function is to ensure the proper growth and structure of teeth and bones. Low calcium intake throughout life, and particularly in periods of rapid growth such as pregnancy, increases the risk of osteoporosis later in life, particularly after menopause11. During pregnancy, women require an additional 15mg of vitamin C per day. Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient for ensuring good dental health for the pregnant woman and her foetus, as it plays an important role in the development of healthy gums11. Vitamin D has an important function in assisting the body to absorb calcium and phosphorus. It is also an important nutrient for optimal immune function, maintaining healthy skin and muscle strength. Vitamin D deficiency in a pregnant woman is an important risk factor for the development of osteoporosis later in life11. Magnesium is a micronutrient that plays a role in regulating the function of other minerals including calcium and potassium11. It is associated with a maintenance of overall good health and plays a role in helping to metabolise carbohydrates, fats and proteins as well as contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue12. Zinc plays a role in regulating how genes and genetic traits are replicated in the DNA11. It also importantly plays a role in the maintenance of immune function and contributes to normal cognitive function12. Omega-3 fatty acids play a role in the maintenance of overall good health13 and are important components of cell membranes, including the membranes of cells which form the eye, and the central nervous system11. Rademan recommends the we should stock up on a variety of foods according to their nutritional benefits. These include8: Vitamin A: Sweet potato, Kale, Broccoli and Bok Choy, Spinach Vitamin C: Red Peppers, Berries, Citrus Fruits Vitamin D and Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Fatty Fish (Salmon, Trout, Sardines, Anchovy) Zinc: Lean Meat, Chicken, Whole Eggs, Fatty Fish, Wholegrains and Pumpkin Seeds Magnesium: Green leafy vegetables (e.g. spinach and kale), figs, avocado, banana and raspberries, Nuts and seeds, black beans, chickpeas and kidney beans, peas, broccoli, cabbage, green beans, artichokes, asparagus, brussels sprouts, salmon, mackerel, tuna) “It is also important to keep in mind which foods not to consume in excess during pregnancy, including too many Vitamin A rich foods”, says Hannelise8. While a healthy diet can certainly boost your immune system, remember too that plenty of sleep, moderate exercise and staying hydrated is also very important9. “Sleep is the time our bodies need to rest and repair, particularly in deep sleep,” she says8. Speak to your doctor or a dietician about your nutritional needs and a suitable supplement

February 4, 2021

What to eat during pregnancy

A healthy diet is important for everyone, but now you are pregnant, choosing the right food is more important than ever before, as your baby is relying on you to provide all the nutrients they need to grow and develop.

February 4, 2021

Tips to reduce heartburn during pregnancy

During pregnancy, you may have expected swollen ankles and morning sickness, and even having to invest in a bigger bra. But where does this burning indigestion come from?1 The fact is that heartburn affects up to 85% of pregnant women2, with many women experiencing this uncomfortable feeling throughout all three trimesters of their pregnancy3. Heartburn (also called gastroesophageal reflux and acid indigestion) can feel like a burning sensation that starts behind your breastbone and travels up your oesophagus (the tube connecting your throat to your stomach). These acids can even make it all the way up your throat1. During pregnancy, the increase in the hormone progesterone causes the valve between the stomach and the oesophagus to relax3, which accounts for why heartburn is more frequent during pregnancy3. Here are some diet-related tips that might help! Hannelise Rademan, a Registered Dietitian currently volunteering at Worcester Provincial Hospital in the Western Cape, says that following a healthy, nutritious diet which includes adequate fibre such as wholegrains, fruit and vegetables, is very important. Ideally, your diet should be low in fat4. “Limit fried foods, cream sauces, gravies, fatty meats, pastries, nuts, potato chips, butter and margarine,” she says, and adds that moderate portions of protein should be included to stimulate a hormone called gastrin to aid digestion and increase valve (known as LES or lower oesophageal sphincter) pressure4. As your uterus expands with your growing baby, it places pressure on your stomach, which also increases the likelihood of acid reflux, especially if your stomach is full1. Drinking liquids at the same time as eating your food can create a full “sloshy” stomach environment primed for heartburn1. “Fluids may be better taken between meals to avoid distension (or swelling) of the stomach and carbonated beverages should be avoided,” Rademan says4. “Avoid large meals that increase gastric pressure, and rather eat smaller meals throughout the day”4, she says. This helps to avoid overwhelming the stomach and allows it to empty more quickly. Rademan recommends that during acute bouts of heartburn, eat small frequent meals of soft and bland foods4. Fatty meals, coffee (both decaffeinated and regular), chocolate, peppermint and spearmint, garlic and onion are all foods that can exacerbate heartburn and should be avoided4. This includes acidic and spicy foods that create more stomach acid than blander alternatives, and should be avoided by those suffering from heartburn1. Although smoking and drinking alcohol should not be part of pregnancy regardless, these can also negatively affect valve pressure and increase heartburn4. Lifestyle adaptations can also be helpful to alleviate symptoms of heartburn4. These include not eating for within 3 to 4 hours before going to sleep at night, staying upright and avoiding vigorous activity after eating and not wearing tight-fitting clothing4. Some natural and alternative remedies that may help relieve symptoms include ginger and lemon water or chewing gum4. Eating yogurt or drinking a glass of milk or even adding a tablespoon of honey in a glass of warm milk might also help ease symptoms or heartburn5. Gelusil Plus® is an antacid suspension that can be taken to relieve heartburn in pregnancy3,6. This treatment has a dual mode of action that neutralises stomach acid whilst creating a barrier to reduce acid reflux into the oesophagus6. Heartburn is common and uncomfortable during pregnancy, but it should subside once you give birth and your hormone levels return to normal. While you may not be able to prevent heartburn altogether, simple lifestyle changes, such as eating small meals, avoiding spicy or fatty foods, and sleeping with your head and shoulders elevated, might help ease the symtoms1. For more information about Gelusil Plus® which has been proven to be suitable and effective to relieve symptoms of heartburn during pregnancy6, go tohttps://pregomega.co.za/gelusilplus/. This editorial has been commissioned and brought to you by iNova Pharmaceuticals. Content in this editorial is for general information only and is not intended to provide medical or other professional advice. This article includes views and opinions of the named Healthcare Provider and not reflect the views of iNova Pharmaceuticals, nor is it intended as medical advice. For more information, speak to your healthcare provider. Scheduling Status: S0 Proprietary name and dosage form: Gelusil Plus® Suspension. Composition: Each 10 ml suspension contains: Sodium alginate 500 mg, Sodium bicarbonate 267 mg, Calcium carbonate 160 mg. Registration number: 43/11.10/1124. The claims made in this material are for medical information and educational purposes only. Marketed by: iNova Pharmaceuticals (Pty) Ltd Co. Reg. No. 1952/001640/07,15E Riley Road, Bedfordview. Tel. No. 011 087 0000. www.inovapharma.co.za. Further information is available on request from iNova Pharmaceuticals. IN1267/20 References: Healthline – Heartburn in Pregnancy (2019) at https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/heartburn-during-pregnancy#takeaway (website accessed on 8 October 2020) Lindow, SW. An open-label, multicenter study to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel reflux suppressant in the treatment of heartburn during pregnancy. Int J Clin Pract. 2003 Apr;57(3):175-9. Meteerattanapipat, P. and Phupong, V. Efficacy of alginate-based reflux suppressant and magnesium aluminium antacid gel for treatment of heartburn in pregnancy: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Sci. Rep. 7, 44830; doi: 10.1038/srep44830 (2017). Q&A with Registered Dietitian Hannelise Rademan – 5 October 2020 (unpaid) American Pregnancy Association. Heartburn during pregnancy – Causes and treatment (2015) at https://americanpregnancy.org/pregnancy-health/heartburn-during-pregnancy/. (Website accessed on 7 September 2019) Gelusil Plus approved package insert, August 2015

February 3, 2021

Pregnancy and Medical Aid

Motherhood and pregnancy are times of great anticipation and joy. Each experience is unique but what is probably high on the agenda is that you have a trouble free pregnancy, a healthy baby and then know and anticipate the cost involved for pre-natal check-ups and the birth. ‘Choosing the right medical aid is critical in ensuring the healthcare needs of you and your loved ones are taken care of. More so, when you’re looking at expanding your family. For those who are on a medical scheme or wish to join one, here are some important points to consider when you fall pregnant,’ says Lee Callakopen, Principal Officer of Bonitas Medical Fund. When you are already a member of a medical aid scheme When should you advise your medical aid of your pregnancy? If you are already a member, you can access the out-of-hospital maternity benefits without advising your medical aid that you are pregnant. However, please ensure that your doctor uses the correct ICD-10 codes on your claim to ensure that it is processed correctly. Bonitas pays for maternity benefits in addition to savings and day-to-day benefits, which help members get the care they need during pregnancy while limiting out-of-pocket expenses. Remember that pre-authorisation is needed for the delivery of the baby, which can usually, be done from 20 weeks onwards. Pre-authorisation will help you understand the benefits you have available on your plan and ensure that you are aware of what is covered. Bonitas members can also register for the Bonitas baby bag once pre-authorisation is obtained. The baby bag is packed with of useful goodies for the baby to make parenthood a little easier. When do you advise the medical aid that your baby has been born and needs to be added onto your medical aid? For our members, the baby needs to be registered within 30 days from the date of birth to ensure there is no break in cover and that your child will be covered from the first day of life. Are there Designated Service Providers (DSPs) in terms of gynaes and hospitals for childbirth? We strongly advise members to use DSPs to get maximum value and avoid co-payments. We agree special rates with these providers, which are covered within a member’s benefits so that they can focus on taking care of their health and wellbeing during pregnancy. What is normally covered in the maternity benefit? This differs from scheme to scheme and according to the plan you are on. Bonitas pays for up to 12 maternity consultations (paid for from a separate benefit), an amniocentesis, antenatal classes, 2x 2D ultrasounds and the delivery. In addition, there are additional benefit for newborn hearing screening tests and childhood vaccination. Does Bonitas cover the cost of a Caesarian birth? Yes, medically necessary Caesarians are covered on all plans. Some expectant mothers do prefer home births – is this covered? Yes the cost for a home delivery is covered. Are all the childhood vaccinations covered by Bonitas and if so, are there any conditions attached ie where the vaccinations should be done? Vaccines are covered as per the EPI schedule on immunisation. Please note this benefit is available on specific plans. The vaccines can be done at any clinic or pharmacy. If an administration fee is charged by these providers, it will be paid from your savings or day-to-day benefits. The vaccines covered are as follows: The Bonitas Babyline – a dedicated children’s health advice line In 2016, Bonitas introduced Babyline – a 24-hour children’s health advice line manned by paediatric trained registered nurses. They are on the other side of the phone to assist with any parental concerns, vaccination schedules and health related issues, 24/7, 365 days of the year. How does Babyline work? Bonitas parents, or their caregivers, simply call the Babyline number on 0860 999 121 to speak to paediatric trained nurse. Through a series of questions asked regarding the health issue, parents will be provided with professional advice on what to do next. Depending on the symptoms, the advice might be to head straight to the ER or to see a doctor or specialist. The nurse will advise which healthcare provider is the most appropriate, given the health issue. The services offered by the Babyline include: Home care advice Clinic/primary care/GP referral for the same day Clinic/primary care/GP referral for the following day After-hours care within the next six hours Immediate referral to the ER The Babyline service is available to members across all the Bonitas plans, for children under 3 years. Joining a medical scheme when you are already pregnant It is very common for women to apply to join a medical aid scheme when they fall pregnant. But according to the Medical Schemes Act 131 of 1998, medical aid schemes are entitled to impose a 12-month condition specific waiting period for any pre-existing medical condition, such as pregnancy. These waiting periods must be imposed for specific pre-existing conditions to protect the interests of current members of the scheme. When a waiting period is applied to pregnancy, then the pregnancy and birth will not be covered but your baby will be covered from the first day of life – if you register them on your medical aid within 30 days. This will allow you to ensure the needs of your child and the healthcare will be covered. Bonitas has different plans and expectant mothers will be able to select the one most suitable for their needs. Informing the medical aid of your pregnancy Prospective members need to inform their medical aid upon application or within 30 days after you complete the application. What is the policy regarding a member joining Bonitas when they are pregnant? What sort of cover can they expect, if any? The pregnancy would be considered pre-existing and therefore not covered. The baby will be covered if registered within 30 days post-delivery. What happens if someone signs up for medical aid not realising they are already pregnant? At what point is

February 3, 2021

Chicco Baby Hug 4-in-1 Air

The Baby Hug 4-in-1 by Chicco has been one of the most award-winning nursery items in Europe for the past two years running. Exclusive to Chicco, it has become a staple in nurseries across the world for its multi-functional, highly versatile features – making parents lives so much easier. Baby Hug is known for being a reclining chair, a highchair, a crib and a relaxing floor chair all in one. It also doubles as a co-sleeper (with an additional mattress). With a foot pedal, parents can adjust the Hug to any height. With a lift of a lever, they can adjust the tilting of the bassinet to any level, making it perfectly adaptable to any situation. The Hug comes with a mobile toy bar that plays day and night music, has a nightlight and toys for sensory development. In 2020, the Baby Hug now comes in a brand new variant – the Baby Hug 4-in1 Air. With new mesh sides to the bassinet, the Hug now offers much better ventilation for the child, ensuring breathing is never stifled and over-heating never occurs. In a gorgeous Stone colour, and black and white toy bar with new aesthetic features, the Baby Hug Air is not only versatile and convenient, but highly stylish too. The Baby Hug Air is available now at leading retailers including Baby City, Baby Club by Clicks, Takealot, Loot, Babanino, Baby Boom and The Kid Zone. Prices vary per retailer.

January 18, 2021

9 signs you may have Postpartum depression

Also known as Postnatal depression, this condition can often be mistaken for something referred to as the ‘ Baby Blues ’. Both of these conditions involve feeling depressed, horrible mood swings and start a few days after giving birth. The difference between Baby Blues and Postpartum depression As a new mom , the combination of a lifestyle change, lack of sleep and rapidly fluctuatinghormones can result in the Baby Blues within two weeks of giving birth. However, these feelings should start to go away after around two weeks – when your body starts to adjust as do your hormones. It is important to be kind to yourself during this time. Although many women have gone through labour and birth, it does not make the process easy. Feeling out of sorts, overwhelmed and down are understandable. Sometimes Baby Blues turns into something more, and that is something that you need to look out for. Symptoms of postpartum depression According to the American Psychiatric Association, here is a basic checklist to watch out for: Sadness Fatigue, or a decrease of energy Impaired concentration and decision making The inability to feel pleasure A tendency to blame yourself, to feel guilty or worthless Sleep disturbances Agitation or restlessness Appetite disturbances or weight loss Recurring thoughts of self-harm If you read through this list and found yourself identifying with a few or all of these symptoms -it is very possible that you have Postpartum Depression . Again, this is a physical condition that is treatable. It is not your fault and you are not a bad mother for having it. In fact, between 10 to 15% of mothers worldwide suffer from Postnatal depression , with many more in countries with higher poverty levels. Without intervention, Postnatal depression can last for years. Getting help Regardless of your personal support system, there are support structures out there that can help you through this difficult time. If your Postnatal depression is compromising your ability to look after your child, or you have any thoughts of self-harm, it is important to know that there is something you can do if you reach out to the right places. The following organisations offer assistance, and are trained to help you. Adcock Ingram Depression and Anxiety Helpline 0800 70 80 90 SADAG Mental Health Line 011 234 4837 Suicide Crisis Line 0800 567 567 You can also speak to your GP, Gynaecologist or midwife about what you are feeling. Joining a support group, or a mother and child class can help with feelings of isolation – you will be surprised how many other mom’s may be going through the same thing as you.

January 7, 2021

A Star is Born

As we ring in 2021 with no end in sight yet to the Covid-19 pandemic that has forever changed our world, it’s worth taking a look at how Wrapistry has evolved to help couples – and their loved ones – celebrate their most important moments. Wrapistry is a local online registry and gift store aimed at making happy couples (and their guests) even happier by creating the ultimate registry experience. They’ve already proven themselves market leaders in the wedding gift registry space and now they’ve evolved, just like the couples they help celebrate do, by creating baby registries to welcome new bundles of joy to the world. “Weddings are just one part of a couple’s journey together. We want to be a part of every chapter. So, it makes sense for reimagining the baby registry to be our next adventure,” comments CEO, Jed Shein. Brick-and-mortar shopping has quite rightly developed into the click-and-mortar variety: you order online and have it delivered to your home. Wrapistry uses design and technology combined with exceptional customer service to help couples – and their loved ones – browse through a curated selection of everything that new parents and the new arrival may need. Couples can choose from an amazing range of products. From stylish cots and sleek strollers to everyday essentials (think cutlery sets and vests), Wrapistry has created the ultimate baby registry. Plus, new, beautiful items are added to the online store each week. Let’s face it, traditional gift registries don’t leave much room for creativity. With Wrapistry, though, couples can ask for what they actually want. They can register for gifts and cash funds – all in one place – so their loved ones have options. And when they really desire a big-ticket item (a baby stroller or bassinet, for example), simply turn on group gifting and give guests the opportunity to contribute what they can. No stress, no hassle and no fuss of keeping tallies of who gave what – Wrapistry does that all for you. “Creating a gift registry should be one of the most fun experiences,” says co-founders Pat Berman and Linda Shein. Family and friends may not always be able to celebrate a baby’s arrival in person during a pandemic, and that makes giving them the option of gifting something special that they know the couple chose themselves so much more special. For the couple, the Wrapistry team is on hand to help. The team has learnt much over the years: from the most popular gifts to the average amount people spend. Answer a few questions and they’ll recommend how many gifts to add to the registry, based on price point and category. This way not only will the new parents get a variety of items, but also accommodate different budgets. Each Wrapistry registry includes: The option to play around with photos, background images and customise the welcome message. Notifications every time guests shop the registry. Free delivery. Plus, the option to choose when to have gifts delivered. Free exchanges before closing the registry. A 10% registry completion discount. Support for the couple and their guests. Visit wrapistry.shop today to create the perfect registry for the new chapter you’re about to enter as parents.

January 5, 2021

What vitamins and minerals are needed during pregnancy

As an expecting mom you’ll want to do your best to make sure that your baby is as healthy as possible. What you eat is critical during this time, as everything your baby needs comes from you. Prenatal vitamins are supplements which can be taken during pregnancy which contain needed vitamins and minerals. What vitamins and minerals are essential and why? During pregnancy your vitamin and mineral needs will change as you now have a growing baby to provide for. Your food should contain much of the vitamins and minerals needed during pregnancy, particularly if you are already following a healthy, balanced diet. Folic acid and iron are typically found in most prenatal vitamins and are essential in a healthy pregnancy. Folic acids helps to prevent neural tube defects and iron supports healthy growth, helping prevent anemia and blood (in both mom and baby) carry oxygen Vitamin D, calcium and iodine are other important nutrients that are needed during pregnancy. Vitamin D aids in the development of the bones, teeth and nervous system, calcium helps bone and teeth development and iodine is important in brain development. Getting the correct micronutrients is important. Deficiencies can lead to complications such as hypertension and a low birth weight. However, it’s also important not to exceed the healthy amount of certain vitamins and minerals – too much vitamin A, for example, can cause birth defects. What foods should I be eating? Prenatal vitamins are a good idea to cover any nutritional gaps you may have, while they may supplement your diet they don’t replace a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, eating correctly also greatly benefits you and your growing baby. Foods you should try include in your diet are dairy products, such as milk and yogurt, as they contain extra protein and calcium, as well as probiotics. Legumes, such as lentils and soybeans are another good food to include – these contain protein, fibre and folate (which is very important during pregnancy). Sweet potatoes, high in vitamin A and fibre, are another good veggie to add to the shopping list. Eggs, broccoli, lean meat and berries are other wholesome foods you should be including in your diet. A healthy pregnancy benefits both you and your baby in the long run, not only does it ensure that you deliver a healthy baby, but helps your child throughout adulthood development.

January 4, 2021

Working and pregnancy – when to stop and how much is enough

As an expecting mom with a career you may be wondering when the best time would be to stop working and how you can stay comfy and productive when you are still in the workplace. Morning sickness, back pain, frequent bathroom breaks and other pregnancy related symptoms can make working as you used to a more challenging task for you. It’s important that you calculate the risks that your job could possibly have to you and your baby. For instance if you are working with chemicals, heavy metals or radiation you’ll need to either stop working or take extra precautions. Heavy lifting or labour intensive jobs and lots of travel for work are also jobs that’ll become more difficult as your pregnancy progresses. Desk work and computer work are generally regarded as safe, whereas jobs that require lots of standing will become more difficult in later pregnancy. Dealing with work and pregnancy Working can be stressful without having a growing baby in your belly. The physical and emotional changes that you experience can make meeting your body’s and workplaces’s demands a challenging task. However, some moms with healthy pregnancies are able to work almost until they go into labour, how much you can do will depend on your pregnancy. Morning sickness is something many moms have to deal with. There are ways you can help manage nausea at work. Avoiding dining areas, packing mouthwash and a toothbrush and packing in soothing lemon and ginger are all things you can do to make yourself more comfortable. Eating and drinking little and often can also help keep the nausea at bay. Be sure to dress comfortably, and try to take frequent breaks and walks, as this’ll also help you stay more comfortable. What rights am I entitled to as an expecting mom in South Africa? As a pregnant employee, you are probably wondering what rights you’re entitled to. It is a good idea to inform your employee as soon as you can, so that your employer can manage the situation as best as they can (for both of you) – they are required by law to maintain a work environment that is safe for their employees. As an expecting mom, you will be glad to hear that you’re well protected under South African law – you may not be discriminated against or dismissed due to your pregnancy. You also have the right to four consecutive months unpaid maternity leave, anytime from four weeks before your expected birth date. Unfortunately employees are not obligated to pay you during this period, however, your job will be kept open for you until your return to work after maternity leave.

December 21, 2020

Birth injuries

You only want the best for your baby, but sometimes harm comes to them unintentionally. During the birthing process, your baby can experience harm or physical injury; this is known as a birth injury. Birth injuries are not uncommon, sometimes they are temporary and other times they may affect your baby for a lifetime. But what exactly are birth injuries? And what causes them? What are the chances of my baby getting injured during birth? Birth injuries range from harmless to serve, either quickly healing or causing disability throughout life. Although significant injury or death during the birth process isn’t as likely, birth injuries are not uncommon – according to the Birth Injury Guide, about 29 in 1000 babies suffer a birth injury of some kind. Why would my baby become injured during the birth process? There are several reasons why a baby can experience physical trauma during the birthing process. When you near the end of your pregnancy your baby moves into position for delivery, sometimes babies will move into an abnormal position, such as a breech (feet first), and this can cause them injury when they are born. Other reasons why baby’s may become injured during birth is being abnormally large, the mother’s pelvis is too small, or a long and difficult labour, where the mother’s contractions aren’t strong enough to push her baby out. What happens if my baby has a birth injury? Generally, birth injuries affect the babies head neck and shoulders, as babies are generally born head first. There are a variety of injures that your baby could stain from birth trauma, such as bruising of the scalp, broken bones or brain damage. Sometimes these injuries are temporary and other times they can last a lifetime. Your doctors and midwives will assess the damage to your baby and help you and your baby accordingly. Sometimes babies will sustain trauma during birth, and the injury won’t be noticeable until they have started school or being missing developmental milestones, as they struggle to mentally keep up with their peers or grow at what is considered a normal rate. Sadly most birth injuries aren’t preventable, but even so, moms whose babies experience birth injuries often feel guilty and angry, as if they are too blame. Although feeling this way is understandable, this is not the case and if you are feeling this way after your baby has experienced a birth injury it is best to speak to a health professional and reply on your partner, friends and family for support.

November 26, 2020

What to expect on D-Day

With nine months to prepare yourself for the day your little one arrives, it is still hard to wrap your head around everything that the day brings with it. The tremendous occasion of bringing a life into the world, often makes mothers-to-be forget the tiny details that essentially make the day go that much smoother. Whether you are having a home birth, a natural birth in hospital or a caesarean, there are definite checklists that you can have to make sure you don’t forget a thing. If you are booking into a hospital for the birth, make sure that you have done the pre-authorisation with your medical aid. Find out what documents the hospital will need from your medical aid and put them in a folder in your handbag ahead of time. When you arrive at the hospital, whether it is after your water has broken or for a scheduled delivery, go straight to the reception and give them these documents. Some hospitals will require your ID book, and all will need your medical aid card. Hopefully, by the time D-Day has arrived for you, you will have a bag packed for both you and the baby. Depending on whether you are going to a private or government hospital, find out ahead of time if you need to provide your own bedding. Here are some essential items that should be in your hospital bag: Mom’s bag: Feeding bras High-waisted cotton panties One or two comfortable sets of pyjamas (with the top being a button down especially if you plan on breastfeeding) A nipple cream A nipple shield (in case you battle with breast feeding) Slippers Comfortable clothes to go home in (stick to your maternity clothes for this) Personal toiletries A good book or something to occupy you while you are waiting Thick maternity sanitary pads A camera with spare batteries Cell phone charger and adapter for the plug Hand sanitiser Baby’s bag: Babygros chosen according to the season Vests Newborn nappies Wetwipes Bum cream Baby lotion Baby soap Surgical spirits (to clean the umbilical cord) Cotton wool buds Soft face cloth A sterilised dummy (if you intend to give one) Baby bottles (depending on whether you can/want to breastfeed) Newborn formula (depending on whether you can/want to breastfeed) Now that you have your bags packed, it is important to know what to expect once you have been admitted. Remember that your doctor or midwife is not just there to deliver the baby, you should ask them any questions you need to regulations on what can and cannot be done, but remember that this is one of the most important days of your life, so don’t be scared to ask for what you want. Things you should find out beforehand: Are you allowed to have personal items in the delivery room or theatre to make you feel more comfortable? How many people are allowed with you during the birth? Can you do things such as play music during the procedure to relax you? Who do you need to talk to, to ensure that your birth plan is carried out to your wishes (a birth plan stipulates what you would want to happen medically, if you want pain intervention, etc) Who do you need to talk to, to ensure that your newborn care is how you want it (latching immediately after birth, umbilical cord cutting, having baby in the room with you, not having baby bottle fed by nurses etc). If you are having natural birth, make sure you chat to your doctor about what pain relieving procedures you want, if any.

October 22, 2020

Caring for your skin during pregnancy and motherhood

“Do I need to change my skincare routine now that I am pregnant?” For most this question will pop into your mind at some stage during pregnancy, whether it is before your next facial, eyebrow wax appointment; or when you start to suddenly breakout or have a dry skin episode. Pregnancy and early motherhood can wreak havoc on your face and body skin thanks to all the hormones flooding your system. Do I need to change the products I use? If the products you are using are unmedicated and still working for you, then there is no need to switch up your products. However, if you are using any products high in vitamin A (Retinol) or the products are medicated for your particular skin condition, it is best to check in with your doctor if your skincare products are not harmful and still safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Most women experience a variety of changes during pregnancy and early motherhood, which necessitates a change in the products they use. It is recommended to switch to products that are gentler on the skin. With the emphasis on gentle. It is recommended to change from harsh soaps that can dry out the skin and cause breakouts, to nourishing or cream-based products, which do not strip the face and body of moisture. Ensure that you use a good facial moisturiser that balances your skin’s natural oils and nourishes your skin. Look for day creams that contain hyaluronic acid (a natural water retainer) that draws moisture to the skin and locks it in for a fresher, younger appearance. Invest in a good body oil or body butter to nourish your body’s skin, before you start expanding in your pregnancy, this will help reduce the impact of the harsh changes to your body, for example stretch marks and dryness. And remember your sunscreen! Sunny, rainy, summer or winter – the importance of applying sunscreen cannot be overstated – especially during pregnancy as your risk for developing hyper-pigmentation spots is very high. Even though these pigmentation patches are harmless (check with a doctor or pharmacist if unsure), they can appear on your face and can be hard to cover up if they are somewhere that bothers you. Exposure to the sun is not the only cause of these dark marks, but it can worsen or increase the likelihood of these marks’ appearance. There are various treatments available, including pigmentation serums, creams or laser treatment, however all of them take a long time to reduce the dark marks or can be very costly. Prevention is better than the cure when it comes to hyper-pigmentation. Keeping a facial mist or hydrating essence on hand, at your desk or in your handbag, is an easy way to freshen you up in the afternoon. Spray a few refreshing spritzes onto the face for a quick lift and onto your arms in the summer, to cool and hydrate. Adding a lovely serum or facial oil to your routine, or switching to a gentler formulation, is also a fantastic way to easily bring the motherhood “glow” back to your face, when you are feeling otherwise out of sorts or tired. Body skin care is just as important during pregnancy. A good body oil or body butter is essential for your stretching tummy skin, applying daily helps keep the skin supple and can help relieve the itch associated with your growing belly. Remember to take care of the rest of your body too! What about motherhood? It can take up to a year for your hormones to settle after giving birth, be patient with yourself, your body and your skin. You may find that raising a tiny baby, together with the sleep deprivation and lack of quality time for yourself, is no longer accommodating of your “7 step night skincare regime”. Find quality products that pack a punch in one (or two) easy steps – quality skincare that is easy to use for you as a mother, while still caring for your skin as best as you can. There is plenty of time to go back to an elaborate regime on the days you have extra time for yourself or once your little one has grown. What about body care during motherhood? It is strange to say that as mothers, we neglect the biggest part of our body – our skin. We take good care of parts of it – our face, our hands and our feet (sometimes) – but the rest, we don’t take care of it as we should… During pregnancy we religiously slather on oil or body butter on our bellies, mainly to calm the itch, but it felt good to be taking a little extra care of yourself. As a mom everything needs to be quick and convenient. There are plenty of good body creams on the market that come with handy pump dispensers. Keep your favourite one where you get dressed, so that you can quickly moisturise just before dressing – it is amazing the difference this can make in your mood and confidence. Continue to take care of yourself, being a mom is a superpower! You owe it to yourself to take care of you as best as you can, so that you can be the best mommy you can be.

October 13, 2020

Everything a new mom needs to know about claiming maternity benefits in South Africa

It’s not cheap to have kids in SA. The time you’ll take off work to care for your newborn might be yet another unexpected expense you’ll have to recover in some way. But that’s where maternity benefits come in. You just have to know when and how to claim it! About South Africa’s Maternity Benefits In SA, working moms get up to four months of paid maternity leave. In order to take care of your newborn without too many financial worries, you’ll need to fill in a few documents and pay a visit (or three) to the Department of Home Affairs. But here’s a rough guide for new moms looking to claim UIF maternity benefits: You can claim UIF Maternity Benefits if: You are a South African citizen in possession of a valid green barcoded ID Book Are a foreign national with a valid passport and meet basic UIF Maternity Benefit criteria You pay UIF contributions every month You are adopting a kid under the age of two years old Are self-employed, and you are a member of a Closed Corporation or a Company You can NOT claim UIF Maternity Benefits if: You work less than 24 hours a month for any given employer You are a student You work as a public servant You receive a monthly state pension You only earn commission Documents you’ll need to claim UIF Maternity Benefits After the birth of your baby, you will need a total of 8 documents in order to apply for and claim maternity benefits in South Africa. These include: Two recent payslips A bank statement An original ID or passport or a certified copy of either one of these documents Banking details and a completed form UI-2.8 A completed UI-2.7 form, completed by your employer, stating a record of all the funds you received as an employee during your time of employment A completed form UI-2.3, which is the UIF Maternity Benefits application form A medical certificate or your baby’s birth certificate as proof that you actually had a baby A completed form UI-4 (follow up form), which ensures the continuation of payment of maternity benefits Where to claim maternity benefits in South Africa New moms will have to go to their nearest labour centre in order to submit the documentation before they can receive maternity benefits. You can expect compensation of between 38% and 58% of your gross monthly salary when applying for your UIF Maternity Benefits. New moms are entitled to between one and four month’s compensation for every six months they have worked. Are you looking to start a new venture? Now that your baby is part of your life, you might be looking for a more flexible job opportunity. Why not head over to Adzuna’s career listings and start searching for your dream job today?

October 7, 2020

PCOS: You’re Not Alone – A Plea for Ovarian Health Consciousness

Acne, weight problems, excess hair, irregular periods – what if it’s all connected? This new ovarian health research asks you to take a minute for yourself and reflect … Every day, millions of women of every age and culture look at themselves in the mirror and see something that no one else does. We see that little bit of weight no diet or lifestyle changes seem to be able to fix. The excess oil, unwanted hairs and pimples that just won’t go away. We look straight past the beauty that’s there and see the girl who needs medication to have a normal period. Or the woman who’s umpteenth pregnancy test has come back negative. And we ask: why me? Why can’t I be normal? Funny thing is, that’s almost all of us. We just don’t talk about it. And perhaps it’s time that changed. Turns out, you’re not alone Over the past few years, doctors and researchers have been looking into a poorly understood and underdiagnosed ovarian health condition, known as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). And we’ve made a few startling discoveries along the way. PCOS impacts your ovaries and can cause infertility, and it’s usually only discovered when a woman struggles to conceive. But new research says that PCOS can show up at any age and as some of the most common “everyday” symptoms women experience today: Irregular, missed (or absent) menstrual cycles Weight loss or weight gain (the kind that you feel you can’t control) Acne, pimples and oily skin Excess hair growth And, in later life, difficulty falling pregnant Recognise these? The message is: You’re not alone. Research has shown 1 in every 10 women might have PCOS. What is PCOS really? New studies show that PCOS actually starts with your metabolism. Researchers realised that the bodies of most women with PCOS have trouble processing insulin, the hormone it uses to extract and store the energy from carbohydrates. And if your body struggles with insulin, it builds up in your blood and triggers your ovaries to overproduce androgen (male hormone). The technical term for that is hyperandrogenism, and you can probably already guess its symptoms: acne, excess hair growth, weight problems, irregular periods and infertility. Suddenly it all makes sense. You’re not weird or different. It’s more common than you think. And you can get help right now. If you think you might have PCOS Now, of course, not every pimple or stray hair indicates a serious underlying cause. But if you’ve really been battling with one or more of these conditions, the good news is you can get yourself tested and know for sure. Your doctor or gynae will be able to advise. And it doesn’t matter what age you are. In your teens, you might just want some answers about your weight, acne, hair growth and those times you missed your period. Or, if you want to start a family, you might already have some trouble conceiving. Even later in life, if you’ve had some of these symptoms and just want to make sure the insulin part doesn’t become something more serious (yes, PCOS has been linked to diabetes). Just know, PCOS can be managed. In fact, we at Lamelle Pharmaceuticals have developed an exciting new product specifically to complement the treatment of PCOS and promote ovarian health. Have a look: INTRODUCING: ALL-NEW OVARIA Using an inspired blend of ingredients, including a naturally-occurring sugar that’s part of the vitamin B family, Ovaria is a brand-new ovarian-health nutritional supplement whose ingredients are proven to be just as effective as traditional treatments (metformin or glucophage) for PCOS, but without any of the side effects. The naturally-occurring ingredients in Ovaria bind to cell receptors, activating the signalling pathways that regulate thyroid hormones and, most importantly, insulin in the body. This means Ovaria helps normalise blood insulin levels, which normalises androgen and improves the symptoms of PCOS. THE INGREDIENTS IN OVARIA ARE PROVEN TO Increase ovulation rate in 16 weeks Increase menstruation cycles Reduce hirsutism (excess hair growth) by 29% in 6 months THE BENEFITS OF OVARIA Improves ovulation to enhance fertility in women Normalises the menstrual cycle – in case of period problems Improves insulin resistance – useful for managing weight problems Improves blood glucose level (fasting glucose) Reduces hirsutism – used for hair growth problems Reduces the severity of acne – used for acne problems Improves insulin resistance, reducing type 2 diabetes risk and its complications Reduces blood androgens – used for acne, excess hair and sebum NEW OVARIA FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE Ovaria is a nutritional supplement that comes in powder form. Choose from two flavours – orange or peach. You simply tear open the sachet, mix the content with water and drink, once per day. Ovaria contains 4000mg of Myo-Inositol, the required daily dose clinically proven to be effective in the treatment of PCOS symptoms. Doctors will have more information on PCOS. And Ovaria is available from reputable pharmacies – or simply order it online via Lamelle’s health store: https://lamelle.co.za/health-store. RSP: R350.00

September 18, 2020

How does my diet affect my pregnancy?

A healthy diet is always important, but during pregnancy you are eating for both you and your baby so it’s critical that you remain healthy. Eating poorly during pregnancy can have a long term impact on your baby’s health growing up. So that being said, what foods should you be eating during pregnancy? If you eat healthily already you won’t need to go onto a special diet during pregnancy, but it’s important to get the right nutrients for you and your baby through a balanced diet. Don’t be alarmed if you find yourself hungrier than usual, but even if you are expecting twins you won’t need to eat for two. It is also important to note that weight gain during pregnancy is normal, so don’t be alarmed by this. Eating schedules differ between moms, however, it is generally recommended that you eat smaller amounts more frequently when pregnant, especially if you are struggling with morning sickness. What to eat when you’re expecting Fruit and veggies are your friend during pregnancy. Providing much needed vitamins and minerals, as well as fibre which helps with digestion and keeps you feeling fuller for longer. Protein is another important nutrient, and you should try to include it in your diet everyday as it helps your baby grow strong. Sources of protein include nuts, beans, pulses, eggs, lean meat and fish. However, raw, cured and uncooked meat are all risky to consume during pregnancy as they can cause toxoplasmosis. Another important source of energy is carbohydrates, specifically whole grains. They contain vitamin B, fibre and iron, which are all important for the baby’s growth and staying healthy. These include oatmeal, wholewheat pasta and bread, potatoes and maize. If you are suffering from morning sickness, these blander foods fill you and can be eaten little and often. Foods that are rich in calcium should also be eaten regularly. Dairy foods, such as milk, cheese and yogurt are all options containing calcium as well as protein and vitamin D. That being said, some cheeses (such as soft cheese like brie) should be avoided as they can contain harmful (although rare) listeria bacteria. What foods should be avoided during pregnancy There are certain foods that you should take care to avoid during pregnancy. As mentioned, rare meats and certain cheeses should be avoided. Liver and raw fish (i.e sushi) are also on the to-avoid list. Consuming too much caffeine can also affect the baby negatively. Coffee is the obvious drink to avoid, but be aware that soft drinks, green tea, certain energy drinks and chocolate all contain caffeine.

September 1, 2020

C-section questions, answered

One of the biggest decisions you’ll make about your baby’s birth is whether to have a vaginal birth or a Caesarean section, also known as a c-section. Neither method is objectively better than the other, some moms need to have c-sections for physical or health reasons, or decide that they would rather opt for a c-section for personal reasons. Focusing on the c-section, we’ll let you know what you can expect when having one and what the average recovery time is. When making this decision you should consult with your health practitioner, but it won’t hurt to know more about what is happening to your body during the process so that you can make the most informed decision for you and your baby. So what exactly is a c-section? C-section is the surgical delivery of a baby. During the process you doctors will cut into your abdomen and your uterus and lift your baby out of this. As you are having a major surgery, you’ll typically have an epidural. This way you’re numb, but still awake so you can experience the magic of your baby’s birth. Both c-sections and vaginal births have their pros and cons. You’re likely to take longer to recover from a c-section birth and you’ll probably feel pain in the incision area for a few weeks. As it’s a surgery, there’s a risk of damage to surround organs, infection and excessive bleeding. Make sure to consult with professionals about what works best for you and your baby before making a choice. When is a c-section necessary? Some moms elect to have c-sections before the time, whilst others may need to have an emergency c-section due to complications that arise during birth. If you are expecting twins, have high blood pressure, diabetes or have an infectious disease, such as HIV or genital herpes you’ll schedule your c-section ahead of time. Unplanned c-sections are necessary if your labour doesn’t start or stalls, if you become too exhausted or your baby goes into distress, if the umbilical cord slips into the birth canal before the baby (as there is a risk of the baby’s air supply being cut off) or if your uterus ruptures. How long will I take to recover from a c-section? Don’t expect too much of yourself after having a c-section, you’ll typically spend around 3 to 4 days in hospital and take about 4 to 6 weeks recovery time at home before you start feeling normal again. Some moms experience muscle or incision pain for a few months following the c -section.

August 3, 2020

Back pain during pregnancy and how to deal with it

Back pain is a common occurrence during pregnancy and can be frustrating to deal with. Unfortunately, if you have any pre-existing back problems you are more likely to struggle with back pain during your pregnancy. If you are suffering from back pain during your pregnancy and are wondering what you can do to help reduce it; we explain what causes it and how you can find some relief. What causes back pain during pregnancy If you are experiencing back pain during your pregnancy you are probably wondering what is the root cause of it. Generally there are two types of back pain that expecting moms deal with. Pelvic pain, which is felt in the pelvic tailbone area, and lumbar pain which is similar to any lower back pain felt when not pregnant. There are a few culprits of back pain during pregnancy. Hormones, stress, weight changes and posture are all causes of sore and uncomfortable back. During your pregnancy, your hormones change. One of them, known as relaxin, softens the joints in the pelvic region. This can directly impact on your back’s ligaments, causing you back pain. Stress can also cause your back to ache, whether you are pregnant or not. If you are worried about your job, family or pregnancy, you can find that this added anxiety can contribute to back pain. This is due to the fact that anxiety can cause muscle tension, which can then translate into back pain. Changes in weight as your baby grows and shifts in your centre of gravity can also be a cause of a sore back. If you’re already struggling with poor posture or back ache, then back pain during your pregnancy becomes far more likely. What can help relieve my back pain? Completely alleviating your back pain may not be possible, but there are things you can try that could help ease and manage your pain. Avoiding lifting heavy objects, opting for flat, supportive shoes and getting plenty of rest are all things you can try to improve your back ache. Exercises that help strengthen your glutes and abs can also help relieve back pain. Prenatal yoga and water aerobic classes are examples of gentle exercises which can help strengthen your body. However, if you are feeling cramps, experiencing vaginal bleeding, feeling feverish, numbness or sporadic pain you should consider consulting with your doctor, as these are all more than just normal pregnancy back pain symptoms.

May 18, 2020

WHEN YOUR BIRTH PLAN DOESN’T GO ACCORDING TO PLAN

If I tell you that things went horribly wrong when I gave birth to my daughter, I am not overreacting. I’m not talking about a poor maternal or foetal outcome here, since both Eryn and I were perfectly healthy throughout the labour process. I’m talking about my birth plan, and somehow I doubt I’m not the only one who had her entire birth plan turned upside down.

May 13, 2020

Skin changes in pregnancy: Explained

Many women find that during pregnancy, their skin goes through a number of changes.

April 10, 2020

How to pack a hospital bag

Welcoming a baby is a life-changing experience, bringing major changes to every aspect of your life. As a new parent, you can never predict exactly what is to come, but there are a few things you can do to make sure you are as stress-free and organised as possible in the hours before and after your newborn enters the world.

March 30, 2020

Moms Emotional Health is Important

As many as one in five1 new mothers will experience depression just before or after giving birth, at risk to their own health and the growth and development of their newborns.

March 23, 2020

Help at hand for moms-to-be with chronic conditions

For parents-to-be and their loved ones, pregnancy is a wonderful, almost magical time, filled with joy and anticipation. For expecting women with chronic conditions though, it can also bring anxiety and discomfort.

March 20, 2020

CHICCO SIPPY CUPS RANGE

The range of Chicco Sippy Cups offer parents the reassurance that their oral and dental development is being looked after as baby starts drinking differently. All cups in the range help baby easily and naturally drink, respecting their abilities and age group.

March 18, 2020

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