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How to Work Together as a Breastfeeding Team

As the saying goes, bringing up a baby takes a village, and although there’s only one pair of boobs that can feed baby, there are lots of ways others can chip in and help. Dads, partners, friends, siblings, and other family members can all form a breastfeeding team. When mums feel supported and happy, they’re likely to breastfeed for longer. What Partners Can Do to Help Dads and partners are key members of any breastfeeding team. They’re the ones who are there with mum and baby in the middle of the night, when times get tough, and reassurance is needed most. With the right support, mums have the time, energy, and peace of mind to get breastfeeding off to the best possible start. Do your research Begin to research breastfeeding before the baby arrives, and make sure you talk to mum about her feeding plans. Let her know that you understand the difficulties that may crop up, and that you’re there for her whatever happens. Lactation consultants – you can find one closest to you right here at http://salactationconsultants.co.za/wp/find-a-consultant/, and organisations like La Leche League have loads of great information about breastfeeding and also run support groups to help parents find their feet. Offer encouragement Be a breastfeeding cheerleader and offer verbal encouragement and support throughout. This will let mum know that you see and appreciate what a great job she’s doing, and will spur her on to persevere if times get tough. Be sensitive to your partner’s needs It’s important to understand the bond between mum and baby, and to be aware of the rollercoaster of emotions that post-pregnancy hormones can bring. Talk to each other honestly about how you’re both feeling, and encourage openness at every new stage that raising a baby brings. Help around the house To reduce stress and ease the load, make it your job to keep on top of the housework. Encourage mum to put her feet up and enjoy bonding with the little one while you pop to the shops, do the laundry, or rustle up something tasty in the kitchen. Burp the baby Once the baby has finished feeding with mum, you can take on the task of winding them. Remember to have a muslin cloth close by – just in case! Why not check out our live video with Terence Mentor @afrodaddyct and Dr Mike Marinus talk about burping your baby. In this brilliant IGTV session, Dr Mike Marinus (MScPaeds, M.Tech Chiro)@marinuschiro @easybaby_academy and Terence Mentor @afrodaddyct chat about burping babies, winding babies, and just getting all that air out. Check it out right here https://www.instagram.com/p/CPI3r4wpaMF/ Create a calm environment Dealing with a newborn can be chaotic, so try and keep your home as calm as possible. If you have older children, perhaps you take them out for the afternoon? Make sure your house isn’t always filled with visitors, and ask people to call or text to arrange a convenient visiting time. When people do come to visit, look for signs that mum – or baby – is ready for them to leave. Keep her company Breastfeeding can be a lonely time for some mums, so try asking if they’d like some time alone with the baby, or if they want you to stick around and chat. Care for the baby in other ways Caring for your baby during the breastfeeding process teaches them that love comes from interacting with people, as well as from food. You can pitch in with walks, nappy changes and bath or bedtimes – all of which are great opportunities to build a lasting bond, and give mum some time off to enjoy a soak in the bath or a well-deserved snooze! Stand up for her right to breastfeed, whenever, wherever.

November 1, 2023

CHOOSING A PLAY SCHOOL

Your baby reaches 18 months and suddenly there is a little shift in the things you think about – suddenly you may start to wonder if leaving her at home with the nanny or being at home with you all day or attending a creche is ticking all the boxes ITO her development. It’s a fact that most parents start to wonder about a play group and specifically what criteria they need to look out for.

October 30, 2023

When to Start Tummy Time

Start slow, mix it up, and more ways to get your baby to love tummy time. Thanks to the “Back to Sleep” campaign, which urges parents to place babies on their back for naps and nighttime, rates of SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) have declined significantly. But this practice has also led to an increase in plagiocephaly, when there are flat areas on an baby’s head due to lying on her back for too long. The fix: tummy time, which gives your baby a chance to develop her neck and arm muscles and view the world from a new perspective. “This activity takes pressure off the back of the head and allows babies to look from side to side so they can maintain full range of neck motion,” explains Andy Bernstein, MD, a pediatrician in Evanston, IL. It also lets them work on their arm strength which they’ll need when they’re ready to roll over and crawl. Of course, since she’s not used to this position, your baby may end up red-faced and grunting at first. Here’s how to make tummy time more fun for both of you: Choose the right time for tummy time That usually means she’s in a good mood, has been fed, and is well-rested. Many parents have found their babies to be most receptive after a diaper change, bath or nap. Wait about an hour after the last feeding so she doesn’t spit up from the pressure on her belly. Start slow There’s no need to put babies on their bellies until they can’t stand it anymore, reminds Bernstein. Start slowly by putting her in this position for just a few minutes at 1 or 2 months of age, when babies are beginning to hold their heads up. As your baby’s neck and upper body control improves, gradually increase the amount of time spent on her belly. Make her comfy A baby’s head is larger in proportionate size to her body, so you’ll notice it can be hard to hold her noggin up for very long. Because tummy time can be awkward, you might try adding a bit of padding for her comfort. Alanna Levine, MD, a spokesperson for the American Academy of Pediatrics who practices in New York and New Jersey recommends starting babies in a ‘superman’ position over a pillow. “This helps infants to gradually develop the strength to hold their heads up,” she adds. You can also try a rolled-up baby blanket under your child’s chest, increasing the size of the roll as she grows and gets stronger. This bit of padding also frees up her hands to reach out and hold toys. Keep tummy time fun Make tummy time more enjoyable by having a few playthings on hand. You might also try getting down to your baby’s level so the two of you are eye to eye. “Make it as interactive as you can by showing your baby how it feels to roll over and stretch for nearby toys,” suggests Bernstein. Sing, smile or talk to keep your baby’s attention and place rattles, teethers or a baby-safe mirror within her reach in order to lengthen the play time. And don’t forget to share your tot’s excitement and praise her efforts when she actually grabs hold of a toy. Mix it up Tummy time doesn’t always have to occur on the floor. Change up the scenario by lying on your back and putting your baby tummy-side down on your stomach or chest. Meet her gaze and encourage her to look up. You can also give her neck muscles more of a workout by moving a toy in front of her, starting at eye level and then slowly raising it upward and side to side. “Engage in this activity as much as you can,” says Levine. A couple of sessions every day should do the trick. A great product to help promote tummy time is the Rainforest™ Music & Lights Deluxe Gym With a third play setting and more than 10 toys & activities, the Fisher-Price® Rainforest™ Music & Lights Deluxe Gym keeps baby busy as a bee, at home or on the go! The rainforest comes to life with music, lights and nature sounds that respond to baby’s movement. During lay & play time, hanging activity toys & motion-activated music encourage teeny-tiny ones to reach, bat & play…hello, toucan! Lower the toys or move them to the soft deluxe mat to encourage baby to push up for tummy time fun! Sweet details, including a soft, satiny mat border and large crinkle leaf, offer sensory development as your little one plays. And, for extra on-the-go fun, remove the take-along toucan, which features up to 20 minutes of music in the long-play setting as well as cool, color-changing lights! Go wild, baby! Deluxe newborn gym with 10+ toys and activities and a removable, take-along toucan with music and dancing lights Three ways to play: Lay & play, tummy time and take-along Responds to baby’s movement with music and lights in short-play setting Up to 20 minutes of music in long-play setting! Removable, take-along toucan – press its wing or give it a gentle shake to activate tunes & lights Link toys to mat or giraffe to encourage baby to push up on tummy Repositionable toys: Soft monkey, mirror, soft jingle lion, rollerball snail, clacker zebra and more! Satiny butterflies dangling overhead move at baby’s touch Baby’s kicks and motion activate fun sound effects and musical ditties Interactive toys, sounds, colors and textures help give baby’s sensory development a boost

October 30, 2023

Why Doesn’t Sleep Training Work?

Working in the baby/parenting industry I know that there are many topics that can cause a big debate. Topics that can get parents talking, engaging and give passionate opinions on. In the sleep space this is no different and even just the words ‘sleep training’ might send a shiver down most parent’s spine. Even I don’t love the words “sleep training”… not because I have strong opinions on it but rather because I know other parents do. I always find myself clarifying the words, explaining what I mean when I say it. What do I mean when I say sleep training? For me sleep training means the methods we use to create sustainable sleep associations. Yes, it sounds complicated but in reality it should. I purposefully chose the wording! I know the power that goes with it. I know how irresponsible people can go about sleep training! I know that not doing it correctly, can do more harm than good! I know that just doing sleep training will not work! I know doing sleep training wrong will not work! YES, I said it – sleep training does NOT work! Many times I have consulted with parents who have attempted a form of sleep training by themselves and it did not go well! Even long hours of crying didn’t help at all and resulted in a traumatised baby and parents. This has nothing to do with the parent’s consistency, nothing to do with their determination or even their beliefs. They did it and it did NOT work. Why doesn’t sleep training work if attempted without professional help? Even though sleep is natural, it is complex AND parents time and time again underestimate this. Sleep training (or rather creating sustainable sleep associations) is only one part of sleeping well. This is the part that many parents have passionate opinions on because it is often one of the more difficult steps of teaching good sleep habits BUT it does not make it more important. The fact is that too many parents attempt sleep training without understanding how to do it responsibly. Too many parents attempt sleep training without any of the other building blocks of sleep in place. Too many parents attempt sleep training in an irresponsible way, which can cause a lot more unnecessary crying and ultimately more sleep issues. Sleep training without a proper daily routine and schedule in place will not work. Sleep training after giving your child a litre of coca cola will just cause hours and hours of crying. Sleep training with a bedtime routine that is too late will cause you baby to wake up soon after falling asleep. Sleep training with all the lights on will not only prolong the process but also create multiple wake ups. Sleep training does NOT work… in isolation. It should never be attempted without first considering the other building blocks of good quality sleep, that would be irresponsible. You can only create sustainable sleep associations once all the other building blocks of sleep are in place. Just because the other building blocks are easier to achieve, does not make them less important. In fact, getting the other building blocks in place can go a long way in bettering your baby’s sleep without even needing to do sleep training! By Jolandi Becker – MD of Good Night

October 30, 2023

TEACHING YOUR BABY USEFUL SELF FEEDING TECHNIQUES

How to teach your baby the art of self feeding is actually an incredibly common question amongst parents. One which many do not think of, up until the age where it begins to happen. However, this process is not as difficult as one would think if you have the necessary knowledge to implement effective teaching. This is where this article will help you shine. Teach your child these valuable life skills and help them reach their independence by reading on below now. What Your Child Will Gain From Self Feeding There are multiple benefits to teaching your child this practice. A child that can self feed is also a blessing in disguise to parents who will be able to enjoy their own meals during dinner time. We will take a look at a few of the key reasons of the importance of self feeding below. Motor Neuron Development By teaching your baby how to hold and operate a spoon, you are actually heling their motor neuron development. This action develops their motor skills, which are incredibly needed later in their developmental stages. Fine motor skills are small muscle movements within the hands and fingers. By teaching your child to self feed, you are enabling them to develop strength and dexterity within their hands and fingers. Independence By teaching your child to self feed, you are essentially giving them their first little taste of independence. This is actually incredibly important during the developmental stages. By giving your child a sense of independence, you will be instilling a sense of self assurance within them. Babies begin to develop a sense of self from about eight months onward. During this time, they begin to start seeing themselves as a separate entity, their own little being if you will. By allowing them to feed themselves, you are giving them the ability to establish their own identity through independence of you. A Sense Of Accomplishment One of the best things you can do for your child is celebrate small wins. And by allowing them to blunder through the art of learning to self feed, you will be giving them a sense of accomplishment. Be sure to encourage them during this time and help them along their journey. Teaching Your Baby The Art Of Self Feeding Teaching your baby self feeding techniques is a somewhat lengthily process. This is due to the fact that it needs to go through three key phases before they become truly independent. We will discuss all three of these below. Finger Feeding This is the first stage in the self feeding journey. Finger feeding is an important step to take as not only will it begin your child’s self feeding development, but it will also give them exposure to various textures. By feeling the various textures of food, you will help them develop their sense of touch. Great foods to start finger feeding with should be soft to the touch, and are not hard in texture. Hard raw veggies and fruits such as carrot and apple are bad ideas for first finger foods. These may get stuck in your babys through, should they bite off too big a piece as such, soft foods such as mashed potatoes or an avocado wedge are real winners. These softer foods will ensure that your baby will be able to mash up the food easily before swallowing. Furthermore, these will be easier for your little one to grasp. Remember, when finger feeding begins, your baby will first start by grabbing handfuls of everything. Your baby’s grasp will change over time. First they begin to grab with a fist-full, shoving everything into their little mouth. But over a period, they begin to hone the process, until they reach a pincer like grip in which the index finger and thumb are used to pick foods up. Encourage this grip by holding a piece of food for your baby, and only letting go when they use the above mentioned two fingers. Introducing Feeding Spoons The next step along your self feeding journey will be to teach your baby to eat with a spoon. This process can be incredibly messy, so prepare yourself for a few pumpkin smears here and there! Once your baby is confident in finger feeding, introduce them to their first spoon. Firstly, they should be used to a spoon since you would have been feeding them with one when they began to eat solids. But now, give them their own to hold as you feed them. If they mimic your actions, encourage them to do so. A great technique is the over hand guide. Place your hand over your baby’s and guide it into their bowl of food. Get a taste of food onto the tip of their spoon, and help them guide this into their mouth. Practice this technique for a while before meals, then leave them to try it on their own. Watch them to ensure their spoon is facing the right way, but allow them the freedom to play with their food. Finally, Introduce The Fork The third step within the self feeding journey is to introduce your child to the fork. Be sure to only introduce them to this utensil once they are completely capable of using a spoon. Use the same over hand method to help them develop their fork skills. Some children may opt to use finger feeding over forks this is natural as it is easier. Allow them to do this, but keep the fork nearby as an ever present option which you encourage them to use.

October 26, 2023

WHAT TO EXPECT FROM YOUR BREAST CHANGES DURING AND AFTER PREGNANCY

Breast changes within a pregnant woman are truly incredible. The topic of breast development is one which is grossly misunderstood. Most women have an incorrect knowledge of how their own body develops. For most of ladies, it is assumed that by the time they have gone through puberty, that their breasts are fully developed. But this is wildly incorrect. Puberty is actually just the beginning of breast development. Within this article, we will discuss the actual development cycle of a woman’s breasts and what changes she can prepare herself for both during, and after pregnancy. You Ain’t Seen Nothing Yet! How Breasts Develop After Puberty Many people link breast development to size. Simply put, this is the wrong measure to take. Whilst a woman’s breast size will remain relatively the same from puberty up until pregnancy, the real development happens within the tissue itself. Breasts actually continue to develop every time a woman menstruates. When it is that time of the month, a lady’s breasts begin to produce small amounts of secretory tissue. This is the tissue that allows milk production to take place. This cycle will go on until a woman either reaches the age of about 34, or she falls pregnant. Naturally, another question arises in light of this knowledge. If a woman is consistently creating additional tissue, why do the breasts not get bigger as she gets older? Well, the breast actually replace the older cells within them when creating the new ones. As such, the old cells are replaced by the new. This is also why a lady’s breasts become incredibly sensitive during this time. In a nutshell, the body only begins to develop a woman’s breasts from the end of puberty onwards. But, what happens when you fall pregnant? Breast Development During Pregnancy Pregnancy is truly a miraculous time for a woman. Multiple changes begin to happen within your body. Your hormones sore, your bodily functions begin to change, but above all, a tiny being begins to grow within you. This period can be seen as your breast development heyday. During this time, your breasts will grow into full maturity. And it all begins after month one of falling pregnant. The first notable thing a woman will experience is the sensitivity of her breasts. This is actually one of the most common first signs of pregnancy. This is caused by the sudden change in hormones within her body. Within the first four to six weeks, the breasts will be particularly sensitive – similar to how they feel during a period. For the first trimester of her pregnancy, a woman’s breasts will remain sensitive. Visible Physical Changes The next change is one you will physically be able to witness. During pregnancy, breasts may go up by a cup size. This change happens particularly in first time mothers. Some ladies even go up by two sizes during this time. You will start to see the beginning of this growth from about six to eight weeks into pregnancy. Breasts may also begin to feel particularly itchy during pregnancy. This is due to the tightness of the skin within the area as the breasts grow. Some women have even developed stretch marks on their breasts during pregnancy from the sudden growth. Areola Changes Another physical indication of breast change during pregnancy are prominent veins. When pregnant, a woman’s breasts may begin to show large, blue veins running through them. This is attributed to the act that the veins will expand to accommodate extra blood flow of the growing breast tissues. Don’t be alarmed if you notice this on yourself – it is completely natural and will fade once you have given birth and stopped breastfeeding. Additional colour changes to expect occur within the areola’s. During pregnancy, it is common for a woman’s areola’s to become slightly larger, and darker in colour. Your areola’s will also develop pronounced bumps, known as Montgomery’s tubercles. These are oil producing glands which are common within pregnancy, and help lubricate the nipples during this time. Tissue Changes As far as changes are concerned, the first thing which begins to change in the tissue structure are the amount of milk ducts within the breast. The hormones released during pregnancy send messages to the breast structure informing it of the need to increase the number of ducts – as feeding will soon begin. As such, a burst of ducts begins to develop within the breast tissue. Lactocytes are another tissue addition within the breasts during pregnancy. These are actually the milk production cells. Naturally, the body will need to develop these as they are the power houses behind breastfeeding. Other Changes The next set of changes do not necessarily happen within all women. Firstly, there is the possibility of the breasts leaking. During the third month of pregnancy, a woman’s body begins to produce the liquid substance known as colostrum. This is also known as liquid gold, as it contains nutritional value second to none for babies. However, during the last few months of pregnancy, the breasts may actually leak a tiny bit of colostrum. This happens frequently in some women, may start earlier in others, and may not occur for some moms. If you experience a breast leakage, don’t be ashamed. Invest in a few disposable breast pads and wear these during this time. Another pregnancy change could be that of lumpy breast tissue. Some ladies may develop umps within the breasts during pregnancy. This can commonly be associated to milk-filled cysts beginning to appear. These should subside once the woman begins to pump r breast feed. How to Deal With Breast Changes During Pregnancy Breast changes can be uncomfortable for some women. Even if they are not causing discomfort to you, there is something every pregnant woman needs to invest in; nursing bras. Nursing bras or apparel is a must have for all moms to be. These are designed to optimise comfort both during pregnancy and after. They also allow for easy feeding

October 26, 2023

Unpacking common myths around child drowning

Whether you have a pool or have small children in your family or social circle, everyone needs to learn about pool safety. Being able to identify a drowning in progress and acting fast can make a real difference to the child making a full recovery after a drowning incident. Most people imagine that picture A is an accurate depiction of a drowning in progress. In reality, B and C are more accurate – mouth at water level, head bobbing, body upright, little to no splashing and sometimes the appearance of doing doggie paddle. Familiarise yourself with these drowning behaviours: Head low in the water, mouth at water level Head tilted back with mouth open Trying to roll over onto the back to float Hair falling over the forehead or eyes Body is vertical/ upright Eyes glassy & empty, unable to focus Eyes open, with fear evident on the face Hyperventilating or gasping Trying to swim in one direction but without progress Common Drowning Myths Myth: Drowning children will shout for help Drowning children are physiologically unable to call out. The respiratory system is designed for breathing – speech is the secondary function. Drowning children’s mouths alternately sink below and reappear above the surface but while their mouth is above the surface, they need to exhale and inhale before they sink again. There is not enough time to cry out. Myth: Drowning children are unsupervised children 50% of all child drownings will occur 25 metres or less from an adult who was distracted for only a few seconds. Myth: Drowning children wave their arms to attract attention or will thrash in the water Drowning children cannot wave for help. Physiologically, a person who is drowning cannot perform voluntary movements such as waving or moving towards a rescuer. Envisage the surface of the water as a platform. Someone who is drowning often presses down on the surface and tries to use it as leverage to get their mouth above the water’s surface to breathe. So what the onlooker sees are arm movements that can appear to be playful swimming. Children will not kick wildly either. They remain upright in the water with no evidence of a supporting kick. They are quiet, focused only on breathing and show no signs of violent struggle. The child’s struggle is quick — 20 seconds, whereas an adult struggles for 60 seconds. Myth: My child has had swimming lessons so he / she won’t drown No child is ever drown-proof, no matter how good their swimming skills. A few swimming lessons are no guarantee when it comes to drowning prevention. Myth: Water wings and flotation aids will prevent drowning Water wings give a dangerous and false sense of security, often making children think they are stronger swimmers than they actually are. Flotation aids can also suddenly deflate. To prevent a tragedy, be vigilant about pool safety and cover your pool with the leading safety cover from PowerPlastics Pool Covers – The PowerPlastics Solid Safety Cover which also complies with local safety regulations. This cover also saves water, power and chemical input, giving you safety as well as savings, and it brings a beautiful finish to the outdoor living area. Learn more and shop online at www.powerplastics.co.za

October 23, 2023

Sibling Room Sharing

Is it possible to have two children share one room? If children share a room do, they not wake each other? Is it possible to have 2 children share one room and sleep through? I get these questions often when clients want their children to share a room because they have the same gender and think it would be good for them or because practically there is only one room available. Yes, it is possible and successful too. My 4.5 year old and 5 month old had to share a room when we moved homes. I have 3 children and personality and sleep patterns are what swayed me to decide who would sleep in the same room together. My oldest child (4.5 years at the time) has always been a good sleeper (she seems to sleep independently, quite easily and not much wakes her up at night, she sleeps through (for 11 hours) and loves her sleep. I thought she would be the least disturbed and would be able to settle herself if/when woken up by her baby sister, as my 5 month old was still having one night feed until around 8 months. What helped with creating the best shared sleep environment: block out curtains and blinds (the darker the better), this helped with bedtime and morning light, putting white noise between the cot and bed, this helped to minimize their sleeping sounds of snoring or even coughing when sick. Placement: placing the cot and bed as far apart from each other as possible, the room isn’t very big and they are about a meter and a half apart. As well as talking to my 4.5 year old child about sharing with her baby sister and that bedtime was for sleep and not talking/playing time, 18 months later and this is becoming more of a regular discussion because the girls seem to think bedtime is choir practice time. Using a sleepy sack on my youngest also ensured she doesn’t wake from the cold morning or winter temperatures. Early wake ups were a bit of a challenge with each season change, my girl’s needs are a little different but using a gro-clock to help my oldest child understand that she needs to stay quiet and, in her bed, until it goes orange. If her baby sister wakes up we have heard her hush and “shhh” her and she has fallen asleep again or remained quiet until wake up time. Different bedtime times has also been a hurdle to overcome as my now 2 year old is exhausted by 6pm while my 6.5 year old is not yet ready to sleep until closer to 7pm. We allow our oldest to read or colour-in in our room until it is her bedtime, while we put our 2 year old down in her cot at 6pm. Once asleep her big sister sneaks in quietly and we tuck her into bed. For my eldest who started expressing fears of darkness or being alone around 5 years of age. We reminded her that she is not alone and her sister is in the room with her, this has bought much comfort and peace. We have used Feather the Owl as a night light facing my eldest while she falls asleep but once asleep we switch it off for the night. Napping was also a challenge as my 6 year old hasn’t napped since she was 3.5 years old, we moved all her toys to a central room where she can play while the baby sleeps. If the family has a ‘holiday nap’, which happens maybe once every 3 months, our oldest will nap on our bed while our 2 year old naps in their room in her cot. One of the biggest pros has been when my oldest child has felt scared and not wanting to be alone she hasn’t been alone as I remind her, her sister is in the room with her throughout the night. The biggest plus for us has been when they wake up in the morning (especially the cold winter mornings) my eldest can safely get her baby sister out of the cot independently and they come through to our room for some morning cuddles without me having to get out of my warm bed! Yes, I do believe room sharing is doable, achievable and hugely successful. My girls love sharing a room and have so much fun when they wake up together, they can be found in the cot together reading stories most mornings. By Megan Heuer – Good Night Consultant

October 19, 2023

Understanding Your Breastfeeding Rights in the Workplace

As a new Mother, nothing will be more important to you than the well-being of your newborn infant, as your instinct ignites the powerful force of motherhood within you to protect and nurture your baby. A newborn requires exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of its life for optimal growth and development and continued breastfeeding, combined with solid foods, for two years or longer. Working mothers returning to jobs and careers following their maternity leave period will face the challenges of juggling work and home responsibilities. Unfortunately, according to a 2021 survey, the number one reason why new mothers stop breastfeeding their newborn infants is due to having to return to work. While South Africa has legal rights in place for breastfeeding mothers in the workplace, there are challenges new mothers may face in trying to exercise these rights. According to a survey done in 2021 by the South African Breastfeeding Association, only 20% of companies have dedicated breastfeeding rooms in the workplace. According to South Africa’s Basic Conditions of Employment Act, the legal rights of breastfeeding Mothers in the workplace in South Africa are: Breastfeeding mothers are legally entitled to two 30-minute breaks per day for breastfeeding or expressing milk if their infants are younger than 6 months. Breastfeeding breaks are paid time. Employers should provide a clean and private area for breastfeeding or expressing milk, as well as a facility for storing the milk. Breastfeeding mothers should not be discriminated against or harassed for choosing to breastfeed or express milk at work. However, the challenges that breastfeeding mothers may face in trying to exercise these rights are: The Code of Good Practice does not specify whether the breastfeeding breaks are in addition to or part of the normal breaks, such as lunch or tea breaks. The Code of Good Practice does not require employers to give breastfeeding mothers a suitable space for expressing or storing their milk, nor does it specify the minimum standards for such a space. The Code does not impose any penalties for employers who fail to comply with its provisions, nor does it provide any remedies for breastfeeding mothers who are denied their rights. According to BioMedCentral, the survey conducted in March 2021 involved 1000 working mothers across South Africa who had given birth in the past two years. It found that only 20% of companies have dedicated breastfeeding rooms for working mothers, and 40% of mothers had to use public spaces such as toilets, storerooms, or their cars to breastfeed or express milk. The survey also revealed that 60% of mothers felt unsupported by their employers and colleagues when it came to breastfeeding, and that 30% of mothers had stopped breastfeeding before six months due to work-related challenges, highlighting the need for more awareness and action from employers, policymakers, and society to create a more enabling environment for breastfeeding mothers in the workplace. Some employers may be unaware of or unwilling to accommodate the needs of breastfeeding mothers and may create a hostile or unsupportive work environment for them: “My employer did not provide any space for me to pump, so I had to use the bathroom. It was dirty, noisy, and uncomfortable. I felt like I had no privacy or dignity. I often got mastitis and low milk supply. I hated every minute of it,” says Maria, who is a cashier. Some co-workers may be ignorant or insensitive to the benefits and challenges of breastfeeding and may make negative comments or jokes about it. Luckily this was not the case for Fatima, a machine operator in a factory where there are mostly men. “They were very sympathetic to my breastfeeding. They helped me find a quiet corner where I could pump, and they covered for me when I took breaks. They never made any jokes or remarks. They treated me like a normal coworker.” Certain breastfeeding mothers may feel embarrassed or uncomfortable about breastfeeding or expressing milk at work and may face social stigma or pressure from their workplace, families or communities. Ashley, a nurse, had to quit her job because her employer refused to accommodate her breastfeeding needs. “They said it was too disruptive and costly. They threatened to fire me if I kept asking for breaks and space. I felt discriminated against and harassed. I wish I had more legal protection.” Marketing manager Jessica had a more understanding employer. “I was lucky enough to have a supportive boss who let me use his office to pump whenever I needed. He also made sure that no one disturbed me or made any rude comments. He even bought me a mini fridge to store my milk in. I felt valued and respected as a working mother.” At Vital Baby we care about parenting and bring you tips on how to navigate your work-life balance and make breastfeeding work for you so you can give your child the best start in life, wherever you may find yourself. It is important to: – Know your rights. Be prepared to negotiate with your employer for more flexible work arrangements, such as flexible hours, part-time work or extended maternity leave. Plan ahead. Before you return to work, discuss your needs with your employer and colleagues about your breastfeeding needs. Discuss a suitable space for breastfeeding or expressing milk at work. If it is impossible, express extra milk and store it in the freezer so your baby can still benefit. Electric and manual breast pumps are small and non-disruptive. The Vital Baby Flexcone Electric Breast Pump Gift Set R2199.99 makes the perfect maternity gift set from the office and includes everything a new mother needs to maintain breastfeeding; it includes the Vital Baby electric breast pump, a breast like feeding bottle, slow flow teat, silicone breast cup, a manual conversion kit so it works during load shedding, bottle stand, charge cable and plug adapter, six ultra comfort breast pads, 30 easy-pour breastmilk storage bags and 2 protect and care silicone nipple shields. The Vital Baby Manual Breast Pump Gift

October 10, 2023

DEALING WITH KIDS AND PREGNANCY

Dealing with pregnancy can be tricky on its own, but when you have a toddler or young kids to look after things can become more difficult. If this is your second pregnancy, you may be struggling with morning sickness, fatigue and a tired achy body and still having to look after another young child. You’re probably wondering how to manage, so we’ve put together some useful tips to help you the second time around. Be patient with them and yourself It’s important that you’re patient with your child. Initially, they may not understand the pregnancy which can make them act out in confusion. Getting them involved and feeling like a big sibling can help them to feel excited about the new addition to the family. That being said you should also be patient with yourself. You may be feeling unwell due to your pregnancy, and with looking after another child you may find things falling by the wayside. It’s likely that only you will notice these things, so don’t be too hard on yourself. Playtime for you and them You might not always be feeling up to playtime with your little one, so this is a good time to encourage them to play independently. This way you free up a little bit more time for yourself while keeping them entertained. As your pregnancy progresses, play in ways that you can manage. Instead of running around, focus on board games, drawing and puzzles. Allowing a little bit of screen time (even together) is another way you can easily entertain your kids. Help and schedules Don’t be afraid to ask for help. If you have a partner, they are the obvious person to lend a hand, but if you are by yourself, either reach out to close family or consider getting paid help for part of the day. Another way to find some time for yourself is to nap when your toddler naps. Syncing up your sleep schedules may mean that you find yourself a little bit more rest time for when you’re feeling tired or nauseous.

October 6, 2023

The best products for healthy babies and children

Babies and children require seemingly few products to stay healthy, but as they age, most parents realise that there are some essentials that do not only boost and improve their child’s health, but also makes the parents’ lives easier. While requirements vary from family to family, there are a few basics that are considered beneficial for young ones. Here are a few products we recommend: Health care products Every household needs quick and easy access to a first aid kit or health care kit. When you need it, it’s usually to attend to an immediate problem, meaning there’s no time to search around. First-time parents sometimes aren’t sure what exactly they’ll need for baby’s first aid kit, which is why it’s will be handy if you have a pre-packed kit filled with the basics. We recommend the Safety First Healthcare Kit (R289.99), an 11-piece kit containing all the basics you’ll need for baby’s basic health needs. From a nasal aspirator, to a digital thermometer, medicine dropper and soft grip toothbrush, this handy kit covers all the basics. Grooming products Babies might not need much grooming to start off with, but as soon as they’re a little bit older you’ll need to look into nail clippers, hairbrushes, and other basic grooming items. Like with a health care kit, it might be difficult for first-time parents to know exactly which items to buy. The Safety First Essential Grooming Kit (R229.95) is a handy 10-piece kit containing all the good quality basics you’ll need, such as a comb, hairbrush, nail clippers, nail files and more. Breast pump Breastfeeding moms know that there comes a time – be it when you return to work, or when you need to pop out – that a good quality breast pump becomes a lifesaver. Whether you pump because you can’t physically be with your baby to breastfeed, or whether it’s to allow dad and other family members to help out with feeding, many women find pumping easy and convenient – with the right pump, of course. Medela Harmony Essentials Pack (R999.95) combines everything moms need for breast milk pumping in one breast pump set. It comes complete with a silicone teat, four milk storage bags to store and freeze your milk, and four ultra-thin nursing pads: everything you need to express and store your breast milk and feed it to your baby. This single manual breast pump is perfect for moms who want to try out pumping, moms who express occasionally and need a lightweight travel companion, or moms who want a handy backup to their electric pump. Quality bottles On the days that you’re pumping, you’ll need some quality bottles with which to store your baby’s milk. It’s important to choose a brand that makes use of materials safe for baby, that’s convenient and durable. Medela Milk Storage Bottles 2-Pack (R339.99) are free from Bisphenol (BPA) for your baby’s health, dishwasher and microwave safe for your convenience and ideal for expressing, storing, freezing, and feeding breastmilk. A good quality multivitamin Let’s face it – most parents struggle to get their children to eat vegetables, and picky eaters often end up lacking many of the essential nutrients needed for healthy growth. This is where multivitamins come in. A good quality supplement contributes to the normal function of the immune systems and the normal function of many other systems in the body contributing to general wellbeing. We recommend: NutriPure Kids Multi-Vitamin Complete (R126.95) which is specially formulated in a tasty, soft, and chewy gummy, making taking vitamins fun and easy for children aged three and older. Each NutriPure Multi-Vitamin Complete gummy contains 11 essential vitamins and minerals: Vitamin D, B6, B12, C, Biotin, Pantothenic Acid and Niacin to help metabolize carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. An effective probiotic Probiotics are an essential supplement for all ages. A balanced intestinal micro-flora is highly important in keeping the body in healthy working order and is a key element in overall well-being. Plus, it helps us to better metabolize all the healthy nutrients we consume in foods. We recommend: NutriPure Kids Pro-Biotics (R139.95), which is formulated with Bifidobacterium infantis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, two scientifically tested bacteria strains. Each NutriPure bear contains one billion live cultures to help your child boost his daily culture intake.

October 4, 2023

7 WAYS TO SOOTH YOUR BABY’S UPSET TUMMY

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, explores seven ways to soothe your baby’s upset tummy. One of the most common concerns for new parents revolves around their baby’s digestion. Tummy upsets can lead to prolonged crying, sleepless nights, and considerable distress for both baby and parent. Understanding Your Baby’s Delicate Tummy A baby’s digestive system is still in its developmental stage, making it susceptible to upsets. Even simple factors like a new food, or trapped air can disrupt their tiny tummies. While crying is a natural way for babies to communicate discomfort, understanding and addressing the root cause is pivotal for lasting relief. Common Causes Of Upset Tummies In Babies Upset tummies in babies can stem from a variety of causes. Common culprits include: Colic, often characterised by prolonged crying sessions with an unknown cause. Gas, which can accumulate when babies swallow air during crying, feeding, or sucking on pacifiers. Gastroesophageal reflux, where stomach contents return to the oesophagus, leading to frequent spitting up. Intolerance or allergies to specific proteins in formula or breast milk. Lastly, infections in the digestive system, such as viral gastroenteritis. 7 Ways to Alleviate Tummy Troubles While persistent stomach issues should prompt a visit to a paediatrician for a proper diagnosis and care, if your baby experiences occasional tummy upsets, try these at-home solutions: Gentle massage: Gently massaging the baby’s stomach in a clockwise motion can help release trapped gas and soothe cramps. Using a soft touch and ensuring your hands are warm can make this technique even more effective. Warm bath: A warm bath can relax your baby’s muscles, aiding in the expulsion of gas and easing discomfort. Always test the water’s temperature with your elbow or wrist to ensure it’s suitable for your baby’s delicate skin. Bicycle legs: Lay your baby on their back and gently move their legs in a cycling motion. This exercise can help release trapped gas and stimulate bowel movement. Burping: Ensure you burp your baby after every feeding session. Holding your baby upright and gently patting their back can help release any trapped air swallowed during feeding. Probiotic drops: Certain probiotics are designed specifically for infants to promote a healthier gut flora, which can potentially alleviate symptoms of colic and gas. However, always consult with a paediatrician before introducing any new supplements. Check your diet: For breastfeeding mothers, what you consume can impact your baby’s digestion. It might be helpful to monitor and adjust your diet, eliminating potential irritants like dairy or caffeine, to see if it makes a difference Use a pacifier: Sucking on a pacifier can help relax and soothe a distressed baby. However, if breastfeeding, ensure it doesn’t interfere with your baby’s feeding routine.

October 4, 2023

Webinar – Dealing with blocked noses in babies & toddlers

In this antenatal class, Sr Talia, explains how to treat block noses in Babies and Toddlers. Knowing when to go to the doctor and what to do at home.

September 22, 2023

How to Develop Early Maths Skills (Number Concept)

Learning to count from one to ten, and later to a hundred, is an important milestone in early math development. However, it is equally important for young children to learn to understand the “how many-ness” or the value that every number represents. Teachers and therapists refer to this important school readiness skill as number concept. Grade R’s typically count to a hundred, but few truly understand the quantities that different numbers describe. In other words, many children freeze when you ask: “If you have six balls and your friend has eight balls, who has more?” Children who don’t understand the value of numbers will naturally not be able to conjure up a mental image of two sets of objects (in this case, a set of six balls and a set of eight balls) and then compare the sets against each other to determine which one of the two is bigger or smaller. And, as a result, they won’t be able to add and subtract with understanding. It’s important to play games with your child on three levels if you want him to develop a clear understanding of the value of different numbers. Firstly, use body movements to demonstrate numbers. Secondly, provide many opportunities for him to use his hands to handle and count off certain numbers of objects. And thirdly, make sure to include games that encourage your child to visualize different numbers of objects in his mind’s eye. You can, for instance, teach a three-year old to do the following: To include body movements, ask him to move (e.g. clap, jump or twirl) one, two or three times. To incorporate the handling of objects using his hands, you can ask him to hand you one, two or three of something whenever the opportunity pops up. To involve the mind’s eye, you can place a pile of single Lego blocks, 2-block-towers and 3-block-towers in a bag and then take turns with your child to use your sense of touch to find one of each number without looking. Then arrange your towers from one to three. Games should naturally become more challenging as a child grows older. However, the basic prerequisite for success remains unchanged throughout the first seven years: the more concrete (hands-on and tangible) the experience, the easier it is to learn. Children progress from concrete functioning to abstract reasoning as they enter primary school. Children function on a concrete level up to Grade R (where they still need to touch and handle tangible objects to discover and understand ideas about those objects) before moving on to being able to fully grasp unseen ideas on an abstract level in Grade 1. Most importantly, they need time and playful practice or else they won’t grow into being comfortable in the world of representations and symbols. It’s crucial for every Grade R learner to reach the point (by the end of the year) where he or she is able to picture an image in the mind’s eye of a number line. After throwing two dice, he should be able to name the number shown on any one of them at first glance (without counting), before shifting his attention to the second dice to “count on”. In other words, if the dice landed on three and four, he could look at one and say, three”, before pointing to each of the dots on the second dice as he counts on: “four – five – six – seven … it’s seven!” (Alternatively, he could choose to start with four, and then continue with “five – six – seven” on the second dice.) He should be able to arrange the numbers 1 to 10 in order, with each of them in its proper place, based on the value that it represents. When you point to any number from 1 to 9 on the number line, he should be able to name the number that is “one bigger” or “one smaller”. As he enters Grade 1, he can learn to do this without looking. What can I expect from my child at every age along the way? Toddlers discover the meaning of “one and many” during the second year of life. Two-year olds usually learn to rote count to three and you can teach them to hand you either one or two toys. Three-year olds can be expected to count to five and they understand the concepts of one, two and three well enough to be able to hand you that many of an object. Well-developing four-year olds can be expected to rote count to 10 and count off any number of objects from 1 to 5. Most five-year olds can count to 20 and have a real understanding of numbers up to 10. Finally, a six-year old should be able to count to 100 (also in tens), count off any number of objects between 1 and 20 and arrange the numbers from 1 to 10 in order to build a number line. Learning to work with numbers is much like learning to speak a special kind of language. Learning the language of mathematics is largely about getting better at understanding the properties of numbers and recognizing relationships and patterns ever more quickly. Naturally, acquiring these skills takes time simply because learning a new language always involves building new brain wiring. Ultimately, you want your child to reach a point where navigating around in the world of numbers will become second nature to him – like a golfer’s swing. Any kind of math play is better than none, but if you want your child to benefit optimally, you’ll need to play as many age-appropriate games as possible at home from toddler stage, and repeat them often. This article is written by: The Practica Programme is a comprehensive research- and play-based home programme. This unique system has stood the test of time since 1993, and it comprises of a wooden box with specialized apparatus, parents’ guides, an advisory service and educational newsletters. From birth to 23 months of age, parents choose from a balanced selection of more than 1000 activities to develop the 14 fundamental skills age-appropriately. For children between 2 and 7 years, the 50 school readiness skills are divided into 6 groups and tackled systematically, year by year, with 10- to 20-minute games that can be adapted to a child’s level of functioning.

September 20, 2023

Preventing Electrical Burns

Young children can be burnt very quickly, and this often happens when an adult is present, so it is important to be alert. An electrical burn happens when a child touches or comes into contact with an electric current. The current passes through the child’s body and can damage organs and tissues. Damage can be mild or severe – and it can even cause death. Last year, the Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital alone, treated 880 children for burns, the most common (733 children) was caused by hot liquids (such as hot water, drinks and food). A large number of the cases were treated for electrical burns. During the period between January and February in 2020 there were 5 cases treated for electrical burns. In 2021, this number has doubled to 10 cases. “Recently, we have been seeing far more electrical injuries than usual. This may be related to children spending more time at home due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. These injuries often involve the hands, resulting in severe injuries with permanent loss of function. Care givers need to remain vigilant at all times”, said Gary Dos Passos, Head of Burns Unit, Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital. “Most burn injuries can be avoided. Most of the burns happen in the home, specifically the kitchen. A first step to preventing burns is to make sure that the home environment is safe. Children are not always able to know when something is dangerous, so parents can start by checking every room in the house for possible burn risks to children. Electric shocks from appliances and electrical outlets and cords can burn the skin and cause tissue and nerve damage”, said Yolande Baker, Executive Director of ChildSafe. Electricity can cause different types of skin burns, depending on which skin layers are affected. The terms doctors use to describe different types of burns are: Superficial – A superficial burn affects only the top layer of the skin. The skin is red, dry, and painful. When you press on the burn, it turns white. Partial-thickness – A partial-thickness burn affects the top 2 layers of the skin. The skin is red and can leak fluid or form blisters. Full-thickness – A full-thickness burn affects all the layers of the skin. The burn does not usually hurt, because the burned skin cannot feel anything. The skin can be white, grey, or black. Here are a few safety tips for parents and caregivers to keep all children safe from electrical burns. ALWAYS: Cover unused electrical outlets with safety covers. Unplug electrical cords that are not in use, keeping electrical cords, power plugs and electrical equipment away from children. Keep electrical appliances away from sinks and bathtubs. Turn off electrical equipment that is not being used. Teach children to stay away from electrical sub-stations, electrical wires ate ground level and electrical fencing. NEVER: Overload power points or run electrical wires under carpets. Use unsafe or illegal electrical connections. Allow children to play with power points or electrical equipment. Repair faulty plugs and frayed cords immediately. For more information on injury prevention, call ChildSafe at 021 685 5208 or please visit www.childsafe.org.za

September 19, 2023

REFLUX IN INFANTS: UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND TREATMENT OPTIONS

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, delves into what reflux in infants is, why and when it happens, how common it is, its symptoms, and the various treatment options available. Navigating the journey of parenthood is filled with moments of joy and, sometimes, concerns about your infant’s health. One such concern that often arises in a baby’s first year is infant reflux. This common yet distressing occurrence can leave new parents anxious. Understanding Infant Reflux Infant reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux (GER), occurs when a baby’s stomach contents come back up into the oesophagus and, sometimes, out of the mouth or nose as vomit. This happens because the muscle between the oesophagus and the stomach (lower oesophagal sphincter) is not yet fully mature, allowing stomach contents to flow back up quickly. When Does Reflux Occur? Infant reflux typically begins within the first month after birth, often peaking at four months of age. Most infants outgrow reflux by the time they reach 12 to 18 months of age. As the muscles in the oesophagus and stomach develop and become stronger, they can better prevent the backflow of stomach contents. When a baby starts sitting up and eating solid foods, reflux symptoms tend to decrease or disappear altogether. The Prevalence of Infant Reflux Approximately 50% to 70% of infants experience some degree of reflux during their first few months. While it can be distressing for both the baby and parents, it’s essential to remember that reflux is a normal part of development for many infants and that only a small percentage of infants with reflux experience severe or persistent symptoms that may require medical intervention. Symptoms of Infant Reflux While the most common symptom of infant reflux is spitting up, other signs include: Frequent or recurrent vomiting Refusal to eat or difficulty eating Crying and irritability during or after feedings Arching the back during or after feedings Weight loss or poor weight gain Choking or gagging Diagnosing Infant Reflux If your baby is showing reflux symptoms, your healthcare provider will likely start with a physical exam and questions about the baby’s eating habits and symptoms. In some cases, further testing might be necessary, including lab tests, ultrasound, or a procedure called a pH probe to monitor the acid levels in the baby’s oesophagus. Treatment Options for Infant Reflux Most babies with reflux do not need treatment, as they are “happy spitters” and continue to feed well and gain weight. However, for more severe cases, several treatment options can alleviate the symptoms: Feeding changes: Adjusting the way your baby is fed can be helpful. Smaller, more frequent feedings can reduce the amount of food in the stomach and minimise reflux. For bottle-fed infants, switching to a different type of formula, such as a hypoallergenic or thickened one, may be recommended. Positioning: Keeping your baby upright during and after feedings can help prevent reflux. Holding your baby upright against your shoulder or using an inclined infant seat can reduce the likelihood of stomach contents flowing back into the oesophagus. Burping: Burping your baby frequently during and after feedings can help release air from the stomach and reduce the likelihood of reflux. Gently patting or rubbing your baby’s back in an upright position can facilitate burping. Elevating the crib or bassinet: Placing the head of your baby’s crib or bassinet on an incline (using a wedge or raising the legs) can help keep the upper body elevated during sleep, reducing the occurrence of reflux during the night. Trial of hypoallergenic diet: If your baby shows signs of possible food allergies or intolerances, your doctor may recommend a trial of eliminating certain foods from your diet (if breastfeeding) or switching to a hypoallergenic formula. Allergies or intolerances to specific proteins in breast milk or formula can contribute to reflux symptoms. Medication: In cases where lifestyle modifications are insufficient, your doctor may prescribe age-appropriate medications to manage reflux symptoms. Surgery: In rare and severe cases of reflux that doesn’t respond to other treatments, surgical intervention may be considered. Surgical procedures, such as fundoplication, aim to strengthen the lower oesophageal sphincter and prevent stomach acid from refluxing into the oesophagus. Navigating Through Infant Reflux While infant reflux can be a cause for concern, understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatments can empower parents to manage the situation effectively. Remember that most babies outgrow reflux as they age, often a regular part of their development. However, if you are ever in doubt or your baby’s symptoms are severe, seek advice from a healthcare professional who can guide you through this phase of your baby’s growth.

September 18, 2023

Webinar – Cracked nipples during breastfeeding

Sr Talia talks about cracked nipples during breastfeeding, why they are caused and how to treat them.

September 15, 2023

Medicating to help with sleep – Babies & Children

As sleep consultants we come across many instances of parents medicating their children to aid sleep. Parents are often faced with this decision, desperate for the entire family to get some much-needed sleep. There are special medical cases where medication may be needed and will be prescribed by your doctor, but for the most part healthy sleep routines and habits are NOT something that should be achieved by medicating. Sleep is essentially a learned behaviour that we can teach our babies and children. What does normal sleep look like? It is important to understand what normal sleep looks like for babies and children as it gives us a better indication of what to expect and why they wake so often, even after they are no longer feeding at night. We all sleep in cycles. We move through stages of light sleep (also referred to as Rapid Eye Movement or REM) and deep sleep. For a baby, sleep cycles are around 45 minutes and it gradually gets longer as they get older. They therefore naturally have a lot more REM sleep than we do. An adult has a sleep cycle that lasts up to 1.5 hours in length. During the newborn phase babies wake in the night for nutritional purposes. Between the age of 4 – 5 months, babies can usually manage one longer sleep period at night and the need to feed gradually reduces. Unfortunately, the night waking’s do not always end when the need to feed does. Even though sleep is a natural process and is a necessity to our wellbeing, linking sleep cycles and sleeping through the night is an essential skill that babies need to be taught. Some babies manage to do so naturally, but more often they need some help to get there. Children require 11 to 12 hours of sleep a night, with age-appropriate naps during the day. There are endless health and wellness benefits of getting the sleep we need. Growing children are at a disadvantage if they do not sleep well. It has a direct influence on their health, mood, weight, concentration, stamina and learning. What influences sleep? We need to look at sleep holistically and not in isolation. Sleep is a complex function as there are so many influencing factors in our daily life. NutritionWhen Nutrition Can Influence Sleep – Good Night (goodnightbaby.co.za) EnvironmentSetting the stage for a good night’s sleep – Good Night (goodnightbaby.co.za) RoutineYour 7- to 11-month-old baby’s sleep routine – Good Night (goodnightbaby.co.za) Sleep associationsUnderstanding the sleep training Process – Good Night (goodnightbaby.co.za) Stimulation IllnessMy great sleeper is sick – Now what? – Good Night (goodnightbaby.co.za) Trying to ‘cure’ sleepless nights by looking at sleep in isolation is treating the symptoms and not the cause. By – Dr Carla Jardine – Paediatrician All parents (including Paediatricians!) have struggled through sleepless nights with their kids. Trying to get your child to sleep through the night is one of the most exhausting phases of parenting. Many parents are tempted to try medication after endless sleep deprived nights. Unfortunately, this is never a real solution. These medications may provide a brief sense of relief when your child drifts off to sleep more easily at bedtime, but prolonged use can cause side effects and do not address the core problem…only a good routine with healthy sleep habits and sleep associations can encourage children to sleep through the night! The Common Culprits Melatonin: This is a natural hormone that is produced by the pineal gland in the brain. It controls our circadian rhythm-the natural sleep-wake cycle in our brain. When it is dark, melatonin increases, and the effect is that you feel progressively more sleepy. When it is light, melatonin decreases with the opposite effect. Some insomniacs have been found to have naturally low levels of melatonin. There are also instances when the circadian rhythm (and melatonin secretion) become disturbed, such as in shift workers, long haul flights (jet lag) and in people living in countries with extremes of either daylight hours or night hours. In these instances, a melatonin supplement is appropriate. Melatonin is a synthetic hormone and has side effects such as: headache, feelings of depression, daytime sleepiness, dizziness, stomach cramps and irritability. Melatonin has not been approved for use in children but there are certain instances where it can been used “off-label”. This is mainly in children who have ADHD or Autism. In these conditions there is often a disturbance in the sleep-wake cycle and melatonin has been of benefit. Anti-Histamines: These are medications that decrease the levels of histamine in the body. They are usually used to treat allergic conditions. The first generation of anti-histamines were found to be very sedating as a side effect. This resulted in these drugs being marketed as over the counter sleep aides. This is not however the appropriate use of these drugs, and they also have many side effects: dry mouth, drowsiness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, restlessness, headaches, moodiness, blurred vision and confusion. Codeine: This is usually the ingredient in pain medication that causes sedation. Codeine is a weak opioid. It can be a useful pain medication and is also sometimes used in cough mixtures as it also causes cough suppression. Some of the side effects of codeine are: lightheadedness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath, sedation, allergic reactions, constipation, abdominal pain or rashes. All of these common “sleep aides” have many side effects and their long term use is ill advised. Some are not tested in children at all and others should not be given to children under 2 years of age. The safest thing to do is to use medications only as prescribed by a doctor and not to improvise their use according to their sedative properties. If in doubt, always get your doctors advice! How do you teach your child to sleep? Just as we help our children master the skills of walking, talking, using manners, sharing, brushing teeth, we can teach them how to sleep well by putting down good

September 14, 2023

5 SYMPTOMS OF SEPARATION ANXIETY IN BABIES

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, discusses separation anxiety in babies, the triggers and causes, and the five symptoms to look out for. It also provides helpful tips for parents on easing separation anxiety in their little ones. “Separation anxiety is a natural milestone in a baby’s journey of attachment and growth”, says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “By understanding their needs, providing reassurance, and fostering a nurturing environment, parents can guide their tots through this phase with love and understanding”. What is Separation Anxiety? Separation anxiety in babies refers to the distress and unease experienced by infants when separated from their primary caregiver, usually a parent. It typically begins around six to seven months old, peaking between 10 to 18 months, and gradually subsides as the child ages and develops a stronger sense of security. Triggers for separation anxiety can vary from child to child, but everyday situations include the following. Leaving your baby with a new caregiver. Starting daycare. Moving Home. The loss of a parent or caregiver. Changes in routines that disrupt their sense of familiarity. It is important to note that separation anxiety is a normal response and does not indicate any underlying issues or problems with the child or caregiver. Factors that Contribute to the Development of Separation Anxiety in Babies The following are several factors that contribute to the development of separation anxiety in babies. Cognitive Development: As infants grow, they develop object permanence, which is the understanding that objects or people continue to exist even when out of sight. This newfound awareness can lead to anxiety when the primary caregiver is absent. Attachment: Strong emotional bonds between infants and their caregivers are formed during the early months of life. When the caregiver is absent, the baby may experience separation anxiety due to their attachment and reliance on them for comfort and security. Sensitivity: Some infants may have a naturally more sensitive temperament, making them more prone to experiencing separation anxiety. Environmental Factors: Significant life changes, like moving to a new home or the birth of a sibling, can disrupt the baby’s sense of security and trigger separation anxiety. Parental Anxiety: Babies are highly attuned to their parent’s emotions. If a parent feels anxious or uneasy about leaving their child, it can be transmitted to the baby, exacerbating their anxiety. Five Common Signs of Separation Anxiety in Babies Identifying the symptoms of separation anxiety can help parents better understand their baby’s needs and provide appropriate support. Here are five common signs to look out for. Clinging Behaviour: Infants with separation anxiety may become clingier and more reluctant to be separated from their caregiver, even for brief periods. Crying and Distress: Babies experiencing separation anxiety may cry excessively and become inconsolable when their caregiver is out of sight or leaves the room. Fear of Strangers: Infants may display fear or wariness when approached by unfamiliar people, seeking comfort and reassurance from their primary caregiver. Sleep Problems: Separation anxiety can disrupt a baby’s sleep patterns, causing difficulty falling asleep or waking up frequently at night. Regression: Some babies may exhibit signs of regression, such as reverting to previously outgrown behaviours, like thumb-sucking or bedwetting. Tips for Parents To help parents ease their baby’s separation anxiety, Affinity Health provides the following tips. Start by leaving your baby with a familiar caregiver for short periods and gradually increase the duration of separation over time. Establish a consistent daily routine that includes predictable times for separation and reunions. This helps the baby develop a sense of security and predictability. Babies can pick up on their parent’s emotions. Remaining calm, reassuring, and positive when leaving or returning can help alleviate their anxiety. Provide a special toy or blanket that carries the familiar scent of the caregiver. This transitional object can provide comfort and security when the caregiver is absent. Practice short separations while staying within sight. For example, you can leave the room for a few moments and then return, gradually increasing the distance and time apart. Transparency is critical when easing separation anxiety in your little one. Instead of sneaking away, honesty is the best approach. Take a moment to say goodbye, reassuring your baby that you’ll be back soon. When you return, greet your child with a warm smile and a loving hug. Engage your baby in fun and interactive activities to redirect their attention and create positive associations with separation. Playing peek-a-boo or offering engaging toys can help distract them from their anxiety. Foster your baby’s sense of independence by encouraging exploration and self-soothing. Allow them to explore their surroundings and gradually build confidence in their ability to navigate their environment. Reach out to other parents or join support groups to share experiences and strategies for managing separation anxiety. Connecting with others who have gone through or are going through similar challenges can provide valuable insights and support. “It is important to remember that separation anxiety is a temporary phase and will naturally diminish as your baby grows older and develops more self-assurance”, adds Hewlett. “By implementing these tips and providing a nurturing and supportive environment, parents can help their babies navigate separation anxiety more easily”.

September 11, 2023

Webinar – breastfeeding positions

Sr Ingrid Groenewald explains the different breastfeeding positions that you can try to have a successful Breastfeeding journey, as well as the latch baby, should have.

September 8, 2023

Choosing a Baby Sitter

Choosing a baby sitter for your children can be a very daunting task. You need to find someone trustworthy, who is the right fit for your children.

September 6, 2023

Why do I need to stimulate my baby from a young age

Parents to be, have the unique opportunity to create a better brain for their unborn child from day one. When a baby is born she born with unlimited potential but the experiences she has in her life will determine the outcome of that potential. Experience = learning. No experience = no learning. Lots of experience = optimal learning. Your unborn children will face many different challenges to you. In all likelihood they will be working in fields that have not even been developed yet. You will have very little knowledge of what they are doing, as it will not be part of your frame of reference. We as parents need to equip them with the best tool (a ready brain) to deal with this onslaught. There are very simple things that you as a parent can do to help ensure that your child is equipped to deal with the challenges that may face her. In order for you to understand this we need to go back and look at the brain. The brain is made up of three layers (Triune model) these layers have a window of opportunity to develop to their full potential. A window of opportunity is just this brief period that we have for optimum development of that part of the brain. The first layer is the primal survival brain – the fight or flight centre of the brain. The next layer is our emotional brain – here we learn to love and care and feel. The last layer is the thinking brain or the cortex. The first window of opportunity is during the first 14 months from birth; during this time we need to stimulate the survival brain in order to create strong muscles so that we can send messages to them that they will respond to in the correct way. We do this through encouraging movement. Once we stimulate the senses the message has to travel via neurochemical pathways (roots) to the muscles to react. How do we create these neurochemical pathways in the brain? By allowing our babies freedom to move and explore. Nothing is more detrimental to a child’s development than being cooped up in a chair or stroller for the better part of the day. Simply by stimulating the senses through massage and exposing them to different experiences during these crucial 14 months, you are creating the networks (roots) that she will need to help her learn and help her reach her full potential. By repeating the actions you are creating the insulation (myelin) that makes it permanent. Repetition is good for a child, it is how they learn. The next window of opportunity is from 14 months to 4 years and during this time your child will be working on the emotional brain. This area of the brain processes feelings and emotions. This is the glue that holds the survival brain and the cortex together. We have to keep our emotional bucket full in order for learning to take place. Only between 4 and 11 years will the thought processes be laid down. This is the area of the brain that focuses on language, creativity, thought etc. As parents we can create a whole brain experience with an excellent root system that allows messages to come through easily to the brain just by stimulating our children. It is imperative to enrich a child’s brain with as much experiences as possible during these windows of opportunity.

August 31, 2023

Baby monitor. Do I really need one?

The question I get asked is ‘is it really necessary? After all my parents did without and I turned out just fine!’. Baby Monitors come in all shapes and sizes but it’s all about what fits into your lifestyle and meets your needs as a parent.

August 31, 2023

Encouraging Baby’s First Words

When can you expect to hear your baby’s first words and how you can encourage speech development in your baby or toddler? It’s another wonderful moment: The first time your baby looks up and says “Mama!” Perhaps they are just practicing their “m” sounds, but this is another step toward “Mommy, I love you” all the same. Whether it’s “mama,” “dada,” or some other cute combination of sounds, they are starting to vocalise and to imitate the sounds around them. To encourage your child to talk you should talk to them often. Point out cats, balls and apples and so on. Talk about what is happening around you. Follow your child’s lead and describe the things your child points to, they will listen to you and they will learn. As children learn new words, they might not get them quite right at first. Don’t feel like you need to correct them straight away. Help them by repeating the word after they say it, so that they can hear it again. Help build a child’s vocabulary by adding details to the objects and events of the day. For example, if the child says “car”, you could add, “Yes, that’s right, it’s a car. We drive in a red car”. Don’t be afraid to use expressive vocabulary when you talk about things. If you get tired of talking why don’t you try reading to your child? While exposing your baby to language outside your own day-to-day vocabulary doesn’t guarantee your child will learn new words, it might help. And it can be a fun way to be close to your child. Remember that children recognise and understand many more words than they can say. Don’t be afraid to use ‘parentese’ – that singsong, higher-pitched way of talking to young children. Baby Talk Milestones Baby talk at 3 months. Lots happen within the first 3 months of your baby’s development, and by the end of this period you’ll likely be hearing your baby offer up their sing-song coos as they interact with you. Something that you will probably notice is that they listen to your voice, watch your face as you talk, and turn toward other voices, sounds, and music that can be heard around the home. Baby talk at 6 months. By 6 months that cooing has progressed to babbling as your baby combines a few basic consonant and vowel sounds. Strings of ba-ba-ba or da-da-da will bring a smile to your face. However, don’t mistake that “da-da” cry as being a call out for dad. Sounds at this age do not have meaning; they are simply sounds that your baby delights in making and in hearing. Baby talk at 9 months. Your baby will have their language progress to having them recognise a few basic words, such as “no,” “more,” and their name. You’ll hear them using a larger range of consonant sounds, and they’ll have developed a tone of voice. Baby talk at 1 year. Their development around the first birthday will showcase a few basic words, and they’ll use them with meaning and purpose. You’ll likely melt at the first heartfelt call of “mama” or “dada.” Your child will recognise their own name when you call them, but can’t say it. Toddler talk at 12 to 17 months. They are using one or more words and know what these words mean. They will also raise their tone when asking a question, saying “Up-py?” when they want to be carried, for example. They realise the importance of talking and how powerful it is to be able to communicate their needs. Toddler talk at 18 to 24 months. Their vocabulary may include as many as 200 words now, many of which are nouns. They’ll even string two words together, making basic sentences such as “Carry me.” By the time they are two, they’ll use three-word sentences and sing simple tunes. Their sense of self will mature, and they will start talking about themselves — what they like and don’t, what they think and feel. Toddler Talk at 25 to 36 Months. Your child will struggle for a while to find the appropriate volume to use when talking, but they will soon learn. They also start to get the hang of pronouns, such as me and you. Between ages two and three, their vocabulary will increase to up to 300 words. They will string nouns and verbs together to form complete though simple sentences such as “I go now.” Your baby’s first word is an exciting milestone, and one that you’re probably anxiously waiting for. Keep in mind, though, that every child develops at their own rate, and whether your child is an early talker or a late one seldom has an impact on their later communication skills. Talk, sing, read, and play silly games with them. The more you communicate — from birth on up — the more language they will learn.

August 30, 2023

Pre-Sleep Rituals, Sleep Routines For All Baby Stages

Pre-sleep Rituals or bedtime routines are really good to introduce to your baby around three months old. I like to call them rituals because they do become just that – rituals. By incorporating special time with your baby before they go to bed they come to know and love it. But it is the simple and consistent rhythm of what you do before bed that becomes so predictable for your baby and allows them to know what’s coming next. And being relaxed and calm in the minutes before being put into the cot can really help them fall asleep easily. Some babies, especially if they are overtired, can be quite wound up and stimulated before bedtime. A gentle predictable routine around bed can really assist them to get out any pent-up energy and really wind down to a calm and relaxed state. The younger your baby is the shorter the pre-sleep ritual needs to be (3-6 months). Great ideas for pre-sleep rituals for younger babies are: A lovely warm bath or a baby massage. Swaddle your baby dry in the Tommee Tippee Swaddle Dry Towel it is made from hypoallergenic, skin friendly, microfibre material. It is supersoft and is the perfect way to make sure your little one stays warm and cosy after bathtime. Take bub into the bedroom, dim the light, turn on the white noise and change them. The Tommee Tippee Grolight 2-in-1 Night Light is a simple adaptor that fits easily to your normal overhead light or bedside lamp and converts your light into a dimmer light. Wrap them in their snuggle or pop on their sleepbag. Wrapping or swaddling baby with their arms inside super soft fabric helps mimic the closeness of the womb and suppresses the startle reflex which can wake babies up. The Tommee Tippee easy-to-use Snuggle sleep bag combines the comfort of swaddling with the ease-of-use of a baby sleep bag. Cuddle your baby and read them a story Cuddle your baby and talk to them about what they did that day (your voice is so soothing to them) Sing them a song Do a final feed and transition them into their Moses basket or cot Slightly older babies can enjoy a bit more winding down time (6-12 months). Great ideas for pre-sleep rituals for this age group are: A bath and into a snuggle or sleepbag Saying goodnight to everyone (babies love to be carried around to say goodnight to family, pets, or even their favourite toys!) Read them a story or sing to them Cuddle with you while snuggling with a special blanket or toy Final feed for the day and then into the cot Turn on the white noise, turn off the light and say goodnight. The Tommee Tippee Grofriends are a cute night-time companion. With a soft heart shaped light, and 6 great natural soothing sounds which include a comforting heartbeat, rainfall, white noise or any of 3 lullabies, your little one will be reassured as they go to sleep. During the night, the intelligent CrySensor listens out for any crying noises and plays your chosen sound or lullaby to help them drift back to sleep. Having bedtime at roughly the same time every night is important to support your baby’s body clock. And the predictable sequence of events before bed gives your baby clear signals that it’s wind down time and bedtime. It doesn’t really matter what you do, or exactly how you do it but that you consistently do it. In time the lovely wind down routine and the special rituals you incorporate in for your baby will become just as enjoyable and special for you as they are for your little one. Resource : Emma O’Callaghan is a qualified midwife, nurse and infant and child sleep consultant. With over 20 years’ experience in both hospital and community settings, Emma knows about sleep. She has helped thousands of families reclaim sleep and is particularly passionate about supporting new and first-time parents. She is the Founder of Baby Sleep Expert, and with a common sense, compassionate approach is often referred to as the ultimate “baby whisperer”. Emma lives in Melbourne with her three daughters and fur baby.

August 30, 2023

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES- YOUR BABY’S FIRST YEAR

Caring for an infant can be exhausting, but there’s so much to look forward to. Take a tour of first-year “firsts” with WebMD’s guide to the most anticipated baby milestones. During the first year of life, your baby will grow and develop at an amazing speed. While caring for an infant can be exhausting during this period, there is so much to look forward to. Here are the development milestones that your baby will reach in their first year: At Birth Head, Hands and Visuals At birth, your baby will: Have no control of head movement. You would notice that baby’s hands are closed and palmar and plantar grasp reflexes are present. Baby is able to close their eyes in response to bright light. 6 Weeks Head, Hands, Visuals, Hearing, Speech, Recognition and expressions Has a moderate amount of control over the head, particularly while lying on stomach, bust still demonstrates head lag when gently pulled up into a sitting position. Places hand in mouth and can make tight fists. Looks at faces or objects placed within the direct field of vision and may follow slow moving objects within 90°. Responds to sounds by calming, startling or crying. May turn head to the source of the sound. Starts making “cooing” sounds. Begins to smile in response to a familiar face or voice. 3 Months Head, Hands, Visuals, Hearing, Speech, Recognition, expressions and Gross Motor Can lift head when lying in a prone position, very little head lag. Spends much time inspecting hands. Hands are held loosely. Grasp objects that are placed in the hands. Follows objects moving up to 180° in the field of vision. Starts to recognise and look at the source of sounds. Smiles spontaneously. Develops facial expressions to show basic emotions. Recognises and responds to parents. Can lift upper body with forearms when lying on stomach. Demonstrates controlled leg movements lick kicking and stretching. Begins to demonstrate standing reflex, (pushing down on a surface with legs when held up). 6 Months Head, Hands, Visuals, Hearing, Speech, Recognition, expressions and Gross Motor Supports head and can move head. Reaches for and grasps objects. Transfers objects from hand to hand. Starts holding a bottle. Places objects in mouth. Can move eyes in all directions. Responds vocally when spoken to. Uses sounds, such as moaning, squealing or laughing, to express emotions. Uses repetitive monosyllabic sounds, like “baba”. Recognises toys. Recognises self in a mirror and responds to own name. Can support upper body with hands when lying on stomach. Sits when supported. Rolls over. Legs can support the body when held in a standing position. 9 Months Head, Hands, Visuals, Speech, Recognition, expressions and Gross Motor Can pick up, shake and drop small objects. Begins to grasp food and place it in the mouth. Holds a bottle. Begins to point. Starts imitating sounds. Recognises their own name. Nervous around strangers. Sits without support. Crawls on stomach and then on hands and knees. Starts to pull body into a standing position. 1 Year Begins to understand and respond to words like “no”and “bye bye”. Walks with support. Speaks up to 4 words. Can perform gestures such as waving goodbye, pointing or shaking the head. Plays with and makes sounds at toys. Begins to throw objects. Searches for hidden or fallen toys. Helps to dress self. Shows social preference. *These milestones are only given as an approximate as to when your baby might start doing certain things, as all babies develop differently. If you are concerned about your baby’s development, please consult with your healthcare professional.

August 28, 2023

WHEN IS THE RIGHT TIME TO INTRODUCE SOLIDS TO YOUR BABY?

Over many years the theory on when the right age to introduce solids is, has been debated. The advice has varied over the last 60 years from 2 weeks old to 6 months and even older. There are two ways to approach this question: Understanding science and research Knowing your own baby The current evidence in research points to the following: Do not introduce any solids into your baby’s diet before 17 weeks unless advised to by a medical doctor. Preferably breastfeed your baby for at least 6 months. Do not delay the introduction of solids too long after 6 months as allergy risk as well as fussy eating can result from very late introduction of solids. It is safe from an allergy perspective to introduce solids between 17 weeks and 6 months of age. Your Baby With the facts in mind, turn your attention to your baby. Introduce solids between the window of 17 weeks and 6 months, once your baby shows he needs and is ready for solids: No longer displays a tongue thrust reflex that pushes food from his mouth. Can hold up his head and sits supported in a chair Is no longer stretching between feeds and is demanding another feed in the day. Interest in your eating and reaching for your food or utensils when you are eating. Not sleeping as well at night as he was previously. Once you have weighed this up, discuss it further with your clinic sister who knows your baby best from a health perspective.

August 25, 2023

GETTING THE STIMULATION BALANCE RIGHT WITH YOUR BABY

Stimulation is important for brain development – of that we are sure. The connections (synapses) that are made between brain cells are vital for development. For example a connection in the language part of the brain will result in understanding of speech or in speech itself. Connections are mainly made between brain cells in the presence of stimulation.

August 23, 2023

How to use a breast pump: 12 top tips

Learning how to use a breast pump can take time and dedication, but is well worth the effort. Read our expert breast pumping tips to help set you on the path to successful expressing. Like any skill worth having, it might take you a bit of time to get the hang of using a breast pump. The key is to be patient, even if you’re not able to express as much as you’d like right away. After all, a breast pump won’t stimulate the same feelings in you as your baby does. But, with time, your body will usually learn to trigger your let-down reflex when you pump, and the quantity of milk you express should increase. 1: There’s no need to rush to start pumping… In the first four weeks, you and your baby work together to initiate and build your milk supply. If your baby is healthy and breastfeeding is going well, you won’t need a pump to help with this. Pumping is, however, really helpful if you need to be apart from your baby any time (see tip below). If not, enjoy this time with your baby and be reassured that even if you plan to pump regularly in future, there’s no need to ‘train’ your body to express milk in the first few weeks. 2: …unless your baby is unable to breastfeed If your baby can’t feed directly from the breast, perhaps because she’s premature or has special needs, or you are separated for any reason, start double pumping breast milk as soon as you can after the birth. Research shows that starting to express within the first few hours (when a healthy newborn would usually have her first breastfeed) helps mums produce a higher volume of milk in the early days and weeks,1,2 giving their babies the best chance of being fed exclusively on mother’s milk. If you’re expecting your baby (or babies) to be born pre-term, in need of intensive care, or to have a condition that might make breastfeeding difficult, prepare yourself. Contact Lorraine at medelasa@sunpac.co.za or 011 445 3300 for advice about breastfeeding or book a full consultation with her online at www.medela.co.za to help you choose the right equipment to prepare yourself for special feeding conditions. There will probably be a hospital-grade double breast pump at your hospital or birth facility, so ask staff to show you how to use it. It’s important to remove milk from your breasts whenever your baby would normally drink – this means your breasts will still get the message to make milk. Aim for eight to 10 pumping sessions every 24 hours at first, and continue this frequency once your milk comes in. 3: Time it right For your first breast-pumping session, express for at least 15 minutes. Don’t worry if you don’t collect much milk at first – regular extra suction should soon stimulate your breasts to produce more milk. Some mums find pumping one hour after a feed gives the greatest milk yield, others prefer to pump straight after every second feed – try expressing at different times to see when best fits your lifestyle. When you find times that work for you, stick with them so your body gets used to your breast pump use and the extra demand on your milk supply. You may be tempted to extend the time between expressions in a bid to collect larger volumes of milk. However, if you wait until your breasts are full one pumping session won’t drain them very well, so the key is to pump frequently and regularly. 4: Be hygienic Always wash your hands before and after breast pumping, and clean any pump parts that have been in contact with your milk or your baby’s mouth. You will also need to sanitise them after cleaning at least once a day. Be sure to allow all the pieces to completely dry and you can then store the pump set in a clear bag or container until next use. 5: Be prepared To avoid interrupting your breast-pumping session, have everything you need close by before you start. You might want a drink and snack, your phone or TV remote, bottles or milk storage bags for your expressed milk, and a muslin cloth to soak up any drips. Try the Medela Milk Storage Bags for a convenient way to store, carry and warm expressed breast milk. They have a double zip protection and double walls to ensure no leaks, and the heat-sealed seams guarantee no tearing, splitting or cracking. A specially designed breast pumping bra allows you to keep your hands free, making it much easier to operate the controls and do other things while you express. 6: Make yourself comfortable The best position for pumping is one in which you feel at ease. Being relaxed is essential for the release of the hormone oxytocin, which stimulates your let-down reflex. Discomfort and distractions can hamper this process, so choose somewhere private and comfortable, and make sure your arms and back are well supported as you pump. If you’re not using a pumping bra, hold your breast shield between your thumb and index finger, and use your palm and other fingers to support your breast. Hold the breast shield gently against the breast – pressing too hard could compress your breast tissue and obstruct milk flow. Medela’s PersonalFit™ Breast shields play a key role in pumping comfort and efficiency. Shields are available in different sizes and is shaped around you so you can easily adjust the way your breast shield fits to find the most comfortable pumping position. Some mums find deep breathing, soothing music, visualisation techniques, or having their partner massage their back and shoulders, can help them express more milk. 7: Kick-start your let down Most Medela electric and battery-operated breast pumps have 2-Phase Expression technology, which mimics the way your baby feeds (with fast, light sucking followed by slower and stronger sucks), to help trigger your let down. Massaging your breasts before

August 23, 2023

What Causes nappy rash and how to know when to spot it

What causes nappy rash? The most common cause of nappy rash is when your baby’s skin becomes inflamed after contact with the chemicals in urine or faeces. Nappy rash is likely to occur if nappies are not changed often enough or if your baby has diarrhoea. However, if your baby has particularly sensitive skin, it can occur even when the nappy area is frequently cleaned. Sometimes friction caused by the nappy rubbing against your baby’s delicate skin or washing detergents that have not been thoroughly rinsed out of terry nappies (reusable nappies) can also cause nappy rash to the develop. When is nappy rash more likely to occur? Nappy rash can affect your baby’s bottom at any time and the reasons can be unclear. Particularly as some babies naturally have more sensitive skin and may be more prone to the condition. However, there are certain times when babies are especially susceptible to nappy rash, such as: During teething. Changing from breast to bottle feeding. When your baby feels unwell. (If your baby has a cold, their stools may be soft; meaning that nappy rash may be more likely to occur.) After antibiotics (Which can upset a baby’s digestive system causing diarrhoea.) Starting on solid foods. Sleeping a full night for the first time (Meaning that their nappy may be changed less often.) Drinking cow’s milk for the first time. How to spot nappy rash You can often quickly detect nappy rash by looking for these effects: A slight redness in the nappy area(This tends not to affect the skin folds.) Your baby’s bottom and upper thighs can become red and moist Skin can also become sore, spotty and hot to touch Patches of dry, flaky skin may also develop In more severe cases, blisters and pus-filled spots may appear. Nappy rash can be soothed, protected from coming back by using the Sudocrem at every nappy change. Types of nappy rash Normal nappy rash The most common occurrence of nappy rash is when the skin looks red and sore, and can almost appear shiny. This is usually caused by your baby’s bottom being in contact with a dirty nappy for a prolonged period or if the baby has a bout of diarrhoea. It is often the combination of urine and faeces which causes the most irritation. Mild nappy rash should disappear after a few days of following the steps above — sometimes it can go over night. Fungal nappy rash Different types of nappy rash require different treatments. A fungal nappy rash is a form of thrush and treatment is often an anti-fungal cream which your GP will need to prescribe. This should be applied thinly to the affected area. The fungal rash shows as tiny red spots and the genitals can appear swollen and can sometimes occur if your baby is on antibiotics. It is important that, if the nappy rash is fungal, you avoid your usual barrier cream as this can make the condition worse. If you are unsure, ask your GP or Health Visitor for advice. Bacterial nappy rash A bacterial nappy rash shows as infected spots or pimples and your baby is likely to have a fever. It can develop from a normal nappy rash when the skin has broken and an infection has developed because of bacteria entering the broken skin. This type of nappy rash may well need antibiotics so you should see your GP for treatment advice and monitoring as soon as possible. Use Sudocrem Skin and Baba Care Cream at every nappy change to soothe irritated skin and to prevent nappy rash from occurring. Sudocrem is available in 60g, 125g, 250g and 400g tubs and can be purchased at Baby City, Dis-Chem Pharmacies, Clicks, other major retailer outlet near you and online.

August 22, 2023

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