Advice Column - Parenting Hub

Leading Expert Advice from Curro Online

Advice from the experts

Sensory, Sensory, and again Sensory

Why do you always hear Sensory play so much in Pre-school? Sensory play forms part of playing. It plays a big role in a child’s development from an early age. That is why we, as teachers, always say that children learn through play. It helps children to develop neuropathways and better comprehend classroom subject matter such as language and motor skills Throughout the world, there are four different ways to learn things, which is also called the VARK method. 1. V for Visual learner (eyes/sight), 2. A for Auditory learner (ears/hearing), 3. R for Reading and Writing learner (eyes/hands) and 4. K for Kinesthetic learners (whole body/physical/hands-on) or a combination of these Our five senses are used when we take part in sensory play, which stimulates the neuro system. This is very important because having different senses stimulated allows children to learn and figure out through which sense they learn best. How can you, as a parent, make a sensory bin at home? You will need a large container where children can explore space, measurement, and textures (www.himama.com) and use their five senses. You don’t always need to add all five senses at once. Fun, interactive, and messy are a must. The messier, the better (sorry, Moms!). You can include the following items in your sensory bin: beads, cotton, cups, feathers, flour, flowers,measuring tools, play dough, raw and cooked spaghetti/pasta, rice, wool, etc. What does a sensory bin look like? https://i.pinimg.com/236x/5f/3d/d2/5f3dd2c9fb56d0fcf60b7a1465a3330c.jpg

August 10, 2023

Online Education for Homeschoolers and Learning Centres

What does Educ8 SA offer? Educ8 SA’s Online Learning Program is the ideal choice for your homeschooling curriculum – offering teaching excellence and a broad curriculum at an affordable price. It offers an online education solution for homeschoolers and learning centres. Online Learning Programs Our Online Learning Program is the ideal choice for anyone looking for top-quality, proven, flexible online schooling. Affordable, Quality Curriculums The ideal choice for you, offering teaching excellence and a broad curriculum at an affordable price to students. Convenient and Flexible If you are looking for the convenience and flexibility of online homeschooling from the comfort of your home, you have found it! We provide quality online education that is affordable, flexible, and personalised for all students from Pre-School to Grade 12. Our Mission Improving Lives Through Learning We connect students and teachers to world-class curricula and resources, helping them reach their goals and pursue their dreams. Our Vision Expanding Learning Opportunities To make quality education more accessible and improve lives through learning. Our content is presented in an interactive, engaging, and effective way. We cater to different learning styles. What curriculum options does Educ8 SA have to offer? We have many different options such as… Preschool to Grade 8 @R400 per month (All resources, assessments, and tests included – no hidden costs) American High School Diploma Grade 9 – 12 @R1600 per month (Includes all resources, assessments, and exams) GED: R500 per month (Includes digital course, PDF Study Guide, 1 for each subject, lots of bonus material, Mock Exams) Individual Student Registration Fee:: Registration fee of R1000 per student or R1500 per Family Registration What sets Educ8 SA apart from other curriculum providers? Educ8 SA was established in 2017 due to a gap in the South African Education market for students and families with unique needs and circumstances seeking an innovative learning environment. We recently won the EdTech Awards 2022 for our online Mobymax program and to date we have received more than 215 awards in the past 4 years. Lots of evidence that we are doing something right. Educ8 SA has harnessed global technology and has partnered with the best providers in the eLearning industry to enable a revolution in quality education. Today, we have students enrolled all over the country as well as in other parts of the world. Students who desire more flexibility and choice can design a learning plan to suit their needs. Our program is one of those programs that you log onto, learning is simple and easy to navigate. Kids are able to log on and complete work at any time and work according to their pace. Making it easy to complete more than one grade level a year. You can sign up for our 14 day free trial period, this is amazing as your kids will do placement test which helps them place them in the correct grade level. Parent Support: Parents can log in anytime to view their child’s progress in the parent portal. Our students work on their proficiency level and at their own pace. This feature makes our program ideal for special needs students and exceptional students who need a challenge. Our solution allows you to monitor your child’s progress as they work through our accredited curriculum, in a safe controlled environment, your home. All you need is a laptop and Wi-Fi. Student Support: Our Student Managers are on duty from 8 am to 4 pm and are always available to help should a student contact them via their messenger for assistance. These are just some of the fantastic features our program has to offer! Assessments & Exams: We prefer the continuous assessment approach; therefore, our students in grades K – 8 do not write exams. For our high school students, exams will depend on their chosen matric option. Registration Process: 1. Complete our online form https://educ8-sa.com/sign-up/. Your 14-day FREE trial period starts here! Please make a calendar entry/reminder of the date that your student’s trial end and let us know whether to remove or permanently add the student to your roster and invoice. 2. Login, then complete the Placement Test. 3. Notify us once all Placement Tests have been completed. 4. You will receive the results of the Placement Test by email. 5. You will be requested to schedule a zoom meeting with us to discuss the Placement Test results. 6. We set up your child’s personalized learning plan. 7. Students may start with lessons. 8. We invoice you, should you wish to register the student as a permanent learner. We aim to produce citizens who are innovative, entrepreneurial, creative, and independent in their thinking. We are making sure that our students are future-ready for an ever-changing world. Up to 250 000 children are schooled at home in South Africa, with the numbers growing at 20% per year, home-schooling is now an important option! In today’s society, learning is mobile. Adapt your child’s education to suit their needs, as well as yours. Contact Educ8SA today! [email protected] 084 685 2138 www.educ8sa.com

August 10, 2023

Bring your health to the next level with probiotics: The superheroes of the gut

Probiotics are the superheroes of the gut! They are live microorganisms,1a such as bacteria and yeasts, that are beneficial to our health, particularly for our digestive system. When consumed in adequate amounts, probiotics can help improve the balance of good bacteria in our gut, aid in digestion of food and nutrient absorption, eliminate harmful cells, generate vitamins, and support our immune system.1b Certain specific strains such as Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 have been clinically proven to help prevent and alleviate certain digestive disorders, including prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (as recommended in international guidelines).1c Reuterina® Daily2 is a probiotic that can help you achieve optimal gut health. It contains Lactobacillus reuteri DSM17938, a strain of bacteria that has been shown to improve the symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders, such as bloating and constipation. Incorporating Reuterina® Daily into your daily routine can help you feel better and bring your health to the next level. The Reuterina® family of probiotics are available from pharmacies nationwide. For more information, visit: https://reuterina.co.za/ and join the conversations on Instagram and Facebook. References and product legals available on request. S0 Reuterina (chew tablet). Each tablet contains a minimum of 100 million ( 1 x 10 8) live, freeze-dried colony forming units (CFU) Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM17938. Applicant: Austell Pharmaceuticals (Pty) Ltd, 1 Sherborne Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa. Tel: 0860287835. www.austell.co.za . PMX: 1598_06/2023

August 9, 2023

PREPARING YOUR BREAST MILK FOR YOUR PREM BABY

Breast milk is important for your baby at any age but especially for your premature infant’s special needs. Both you and your new-born prem can benefit from your expressed milk until baby has developed enough to feed from your breast. Expressing your milk can feel daunting at first, but within a matter of hours you will have learnt a new skill to benefit both baby and you for months to come. EXPRESSING Expressing simply means releasing milk from the breast which is then stored and fed to your baby as and when required. Expressing your breast milk, starting within the first six hours after giving birth, gives your prem baby the best chance for growth. MATCHLESS MILK Mothers of prem babies produce breast milk higher in protein and minerals which delivers several types of fat that your baby can absorb and more easily digest. Small amounts of Colostrum appear in the first two or three days, containing high concentrations of antibodies which help your baby fight infections, followed by the ‘coming in’ of your breast milk to nourish and develop your baby’s brain and neurologic tissues. Human milk is easier for prem babies to absorb than formula and prevents the risk of your prem baby developing intestinal infections from cow’s milk proteins. PREPARATION Even if your prem baby cannot breastfeed yet, expressing breast milk from birth will ensure that your milk supply is maintained until your baby is able to nurse. Establish a routine of expressing milk 8 to 10 times in a 24-hour period. You will need to store your breast milk until your prem is able to feed. At first, you will express only small amounts of colostrum, a few drops to a few mls, until your flow changes to more mature milk, increasing to around 50 to 70 mls each time by day five. Remember however that every prem baby and Mom is unique and volumes will vary. It is essential that fresh breast milk is stored hygienically, and we recommend the easy-pour designed Breast Milk Storage Bags from vital baby® with its leak proof secure seal and a wide neck and freestanding base making it easy to stand. With 30 x 250ml bags in each box, you will always have breast milk stored on hand when you need it. BONDING Expressing your breast milk is especially handy when you have to be away from your prem baby for periods of time. Your baby can still smell and taste your milk and benefit from its nourishment while your breasts are prevented from becoming engorged and uncomfortable and will be less likely to leak. It helps to be rested and relaxed while expressing your milk; try to express immediately after holding your prem baby skin-to-skin. If this is not possible, look at a photograph of your baby to help release your flow. Once you begin breast feeding, your baby may find it difficult to latch, and for mom’s with sensitive skin, your nipples can become raw and painful. Silicone Nipple Shields from Vital Baby® NURTURE™ are ultra-thin silicone caps with a soft, natural skin feel which improve latching and provide easier feeding, especially with flat or inverted nipples, and will help your sore nipples to heal without disrupting your breastfeeding routine. PUMP SUPPORT Expressing milk for prem babies requires the support of an electric breast pump which helps new moms to establish and maintain an adequate breast milk supply. An electric pump such as the Vital Baby® NURTURE™ helps you to efficiently express your milk at regular intervals, supporting you to tailor your feeding experience to approximately the times when your baby would usually feed. Prepare to pump your breast milk at least 6 to 8 times a day; this provides nipple stimulation and encourages milk production. The Vital Baby® electric pump is discreet, quiet, lightweight, and portable for total convenience, giving you ultimate control while at home and away.

August 9, 2023

Unlocking literacy: 5 simple strategies parents can use to give pre-schoolers a head start

South Africa faces a significant literacy crisis in children under the age of 10. Despite efforts to improve educational outcomes, a new report from the 2030 Reading Panel has found that most children leave grade one without knowing the alphabet, while 82% of children cannot read for meaning by the time they reach Grade 4. While teachers are essential in imparting knowledge and nurturing academic skills, parents possess a unique advantage of being intimately involved in their child’s day-to-day life. By actively working on literacy with their children, parents can create a supportive learning environment that complements the efforts of teachers. “The first five years of life, when the brain is developing and maturing, is the most intensive period for acquiring the speech and language skills necessary for literacy later in life. These skills develop best in a world that is rich with sounds, sights and consistent exposure to the speech and language of others. It is for this reason that pre-school forms such a crucial part of your child’s developmental journey. But it is not the responsibility of teachers alone to help children develop these skills,” says Mampho Langa, Head of Schools at Future Nation Schools (FNS), “parents play a crucial role in this too. In this article, we share some of practical steps, inspired by ta combination of project-based learning, learn-to-play and Montessori pre-school teaching methodologies we use here at FNS, that parents can use to boost literacy rates during the pre-school years and set their children up for lifelong academic and personal success.” 1. Nurture your child’s curiosity Project-based learning (PBL) promotes curiosity and prompts learners to gather information, analyse it and arrive at conclusions based on evidence. This makes it an effective approach to engage children in meaningful, hands-on activities that promote literacy buy encouraging your child to explore topics that they are interested in and create projects around them. For example, if your child loves animals, you can help them research different animal species, create a mini zoo with toy animals, ask them questions that prompt them to think about animals differently (like why zebras have stripes) and then read books to them that answer those questions. In so doing, these PBL techniques will develop your child’s comprehension skills while nurturing their curiosity and creativity. 2. Make learning tangible and multisensory PBL emphasises a child-centred approach to education that empowers children to take an active role in their learning journey. One of the key ways this is done at a pre-school level is by incorporating a wide range of materials that promote language development. For instance, use textured materials for tracing letters, engage in sensory play with letter-shaped sand, or encourage your child to write words in shaving cream. These multisensory experiences reinforce letter recognition, fine motor skills and memory recall, making the learning process more engaging and effective. 3. Foster a love for independent reading Independent exploration and self-directed learning is a key component of project-based learning. By simply engaging with books, your child embarks on a journey of appreciating literature and narratives, igniting their imagination and nurturing their curiosity. Encourage your child to engage in independent reading by creating a literacy-friendly environment. Set up a cosy reading nook with a bookshelf containing a variety of age-appropriate books. Encourage your child to choose their own books in order to foster their independence and personal preferences. Describing pictures in the book, explaining the meaning of the story and encouraging the child to talk about what has been read to them and to ask questions will not only improve their understanding of the world and their social skills but it will enhance their literacy skills as well. 4. Encourage collaboration and language development: Collaboration and effective communication are essential skills emphasised in PBL education. Encourage your child to engage in group activities that promote language development and social interaction. Set up playdates with peers, engage in shared storytelling sessions, or organize mini-group projects where children work together to create a story or a book. Collaboration enhances language skills, vocabulary development and critical thinking abilities. 5. Connect literacy with real-life experiences PBL education emphasise the importance of connecting learning with real-life experiences. Help your child make meaningful connections between literacy skills and their everyday life. For example, while grocery shopping, ask your child to help you find items on a shopping list or read labels to you. Encourage them to illustrate their own recipes or create a menu for a pretend restaurant. By linking literacy to practical experiences, children develop a deeper understanding and appreciation for reading and writing. “There you have it”, concludes Langa, “five simple ways that you can incorporate aspects of project-based learning, learn-to-play and Montessori pre-school teaching into your child’s day-to-day activities that can greatly enhance their child’s literacy skills during the preschool years. By embracing hands-on projects, promoting independent reading, utilising multisensory approaches, fostering collaboration, and connecting literacy with real-life experiences, you can create a vital foundation for your child’s lifelong love of reading and learning.” Literacy skills are one of the five areas that schools test for when assessing whether a pre-school child is ready to go to primary school. At 6pm on 29 August 2023, Future Nation Schools will be hosting a free virtual talk about School Readiness Assessments for parents and guardians interested in finding out more about this vital step in their child’s education journey. Book your seat for this talk here. About Future Nation Schools Founded in 2017 by Sizwe Nxasana and Dr Judy Dlamini, Future Nation Schools are a network of independent schools that aim to lead the African Education Revolution through relevant, futuristic, Africa-focused and technology-enabled education. Future Nation Schools, which has campuses in Fleurhof and Lyndhurst, offers quality, affordable, African-centred education for Pre-School, Primary and High School. The curriculum comprises an enhanced National CAPS curriculum, delivered through Project Based Learning, and an IEB examination in Grade 12.

August 9, 2023

Staying strong and focused during Matric studies

Join SACAP’s free Study Hack Webinar or Campus Watch Party This time of preparing for and writing Matric exams is much like facing a high-stakes endurance challenge. You want to be mentally and physically top of your game so that you can perform at your best, but the circumstances are full of tension and stress. A certain amount of stress can be useful to keep us focused, but too much can lead to crippling exam anxiety. It helps to have a plan for tackling your Matric studies that includes factoring in your physical and mental health. Developing good study habits helps you to get through your workload more efficiently while maintaining your resilience and well-being. If you’re not sure how to get organised for your upcoming studies and final exams, it’s important to get advice from experts rather than trying to muddle through on your own. SACAP (South African College of Applied Psychology) will be hosting its annual SACAP Matric Student Study Hack webinar on Saturday, 12 August 2022 from 10:00. If you don’t want to sit at home and watch alone, join a SACAP Study Hack Watch Party at a SACAP Campus in Johannesburg, Cape Town, Pretoria or Durban. This year, the SACAP Study Hack panel is made up of four experts sharing top hacks that can help you improve concentration and focus through nutrition, keep physically active while you are studying, take control of your stress and anxiety and approach all your subjects using tried and tested study focus methods. Ziyanda Khumalo, a Student Support and Development Advisor at SACAP’s Johannesburg Campus, will share her expertise on how to identify and minimise distractions that impair focus or invite procrastination. She emphasises the importance of setting goals, developing a study schedule, and managing your time. Ziyanda says, “While students do have unique study preferences, there are certain focus methods that are effective as a foundation in a variety of academic areas. Productive focus techniques help students get organised and identify their priorities. Students need to reflect on their study environment and identify their distractions – is it an uncomfortable chair that makes them fidget and get up? Is it the constant pinging of their device? Are there younger siblings demanding attention? You need to first set yourself up for success in your environment, and then work towards your goals. You need to include regular and consistent breaks, and then manage your time precisely so that you don’t get caught up in other activities around the house. Tracking your progress helps to ensure focus and avoids the stress that comes with falling behind on your studies.” According to Educational and Research Psychologist, Dr Diana De Sousa, exam anxiety is a common experience for Matric students. She says, “It helps to understand the science behind this. Exam anxiety is caused by the body’s natural stress response triggered by the amygdala in the brain. This response perceives exams as a threat to a student’s self-esteem, future goals, or academic standing, causing increased levels of cortisol in the body.” You can recognise exam anxiety if you are troubled by negative thought patterns, self-doubt, and fear of failure. Dr De Sousa says, “This mental noise can impair concentration, memory recall, and decision-making during study time and while writing your exams. However, coping strategies, relaxation techniques, and positive reinforcement can help manage and mitigate the effects of exam anxiety.” At the SACAP Matric Student Study Hack webinar Dr De Sousa will be highlighting practical mindfulness techniques to handle stress and anxiety effectively. One of the best to manage mental stress is by getting the body moving. Unfortunately, during long bouts of studying, getting up and out into the fresh air for some exercise too often falls by the wayside. It’s important to include time for being physically active in your daily study schedule. Happiness Mesi, a sports and pilates conditioner joins the SACAP panel to discuss how mental well-being can be boosted through exercise. Happiness says, “Exercise results in the release of mood-enhancing endorphins which combat stress, anxiety and depression. While you might not be able to take the time out for a long cycle or play a soccer game during your studies, you will find that you can take a break and simply go for a brisk walk in your neighbourhood. This refreshes the brain and releases a good amount of dopamine which will shift you into a more positive mindset. In addition, regular stretching helps a great deal during study time to make you more physically comfortable and resilient.” Too often when we have big demands on our time and attention, we forget about how important it is to eat and sleep well. Poor diet and lack of sleep amplify stress and anxiety, making it harder for us to perform well. SACAP panellist Nelile Nxumalo, a Registered Dietician will discuss what your body needs to maintain high energy levels and what foods can help to improve your concentration. She says, “During study and exam periods, the brain and nervous system work overtime and need to be fuelled by healthy foods to function optimally. Eating well-balanced meals feeds the brain with the right nutrients and this helps to improve memory and alertness.” Nelile will be presenting simple meal and snack hacks to help you use nutrition to boost your exam performance. Dr De Sousa concludes, “It’s normal to experience exam stress, and it’s crucial to be kind to yourself during this challenging period. Don’t skip out on the short breaks that you need to rest and recharge. Take a flexible approach to your study schedule and make adjustments if necessary. If you find yourself feeling overwhelmed, it is important to reach out for support from teachers, family or friends. Keep your perspective clear and remember that the results of one exam doesn’t define your worth or potential.” Join the conversation, SACAP’s Matric Student Hack webinar on Saturday, 12 August 2023 from 10h00 to 11h30. Registration is free and you can RSVP on Zoom

August 8, 2023

Help is on Hand for Coping with Crying Colicky Babies

When your newborn is screaming in distress for hours on end for what seems like no reason at all, it can be frustrating and frightening for parents and family as you search for answers for ease and relief for your tiny mite. A newborn suffering from colic can disturb the family harmony and leave you feeling helpless, hopeless, angry, guilty, anxious, and filled with self-doubt. Colic is a common condition affecting 1 in 5 babies in the first month of life, regardless of whether they’re breast or formula-fed. The most common causes of colic are related to parents’ misreading their infants’ cues, inadequate handling, and poor feeding techniques. Colic Versus Reflux: Often confused with colic, reflux in babies can make an appearance around the same stage and display similar symptoms, however they have different responses. Reflux is the movement of fluids, food, or acid from a baby’s stomach into their esophagus or throat and may cause them to spit up. Reflux is caused by baby not latching and taking the feed properly, a predominantly fluid diet and lying flat too much of the time which results in restless feeding, crying, vomiting, and failure to thrive (not gaining weight or growth). Frequent chest infections may occur as stomach contents enter the windpipe and lungs. Common in the first three months, reflux causes your baby to be niggly and fussy throughout the day with reflux usually stopping by 12 months. According to the Mayo Clinic the cause of colic is unknown. It may result from numerous contributing factors and varies in intensity among infants. What the medical experts do know is that in almost all instances, colic resolves itself in its own time and your newborn should grow out of it and, most importantly, it is not harmful to your child. Colicky Cries: Colic is expressed by intense crying and painful screaming, which is a different sound to that of cries of hunger or a wet nappy. Babies will clench their fists, tense the abdominal muscles, and arch their back. Colicky babies usually cry in spells mostly occurring around the same time at night disrupting baby’s and your sleep patterns. Colicky Causes: Colic may be due to baby’s immature digestive system making it harder to digest food when they are still infants. Their developing digestive system may have an imbalance of healthy bacteria, or it could be due to a food or cow’s milk intolerance causing muscles to spasm, gas, and stomach pain. This supports the rule that no baby under six months of age should be given solid foods (even watery rice milk) as their digestion system is not developed adequately to process anything else but breastmilk. A colicky baby may also have a sensitivity to light, noise and excess stimulation of fear, frustration, or excitement at a time their nervous system is still developing. It may also be a form of childhood migraine. Often parents think their child is crying with hunger resulting in overfeeding and infrequent burping which worsens the symptoms. Colic may also be brought on by family stress and anxiety. A colicky baby is often identified by the 333 rule; your baby cries for more than three hours per day, for more than three days per week and for longer than three weeks in an infant who is well-fed and otherwise healthy. They may burp often or pass a lot of gas, but this may also be due to swallowing air while crying. Stress Management & Colic: It is important to discuss your baby’s specific symptoms and your concerns with your local clinic sister or pediatrician to rule out all possibilities. Constant crying is extremely stressful for parents and statistics back the increased risk of postpartum depression in mothers, early termination of breast-feeding and feelings of guilt, exhaustion, helplessness, or anger. The stress of calming a crying baby can lead to parents shaking or otherwise harming the child. Shaken baby syndrome is when an adult severely shakes a baby out of frustration or anger causing a form of head injury when baby’s brain rebounds inside their skull when shaken, causing bruising of the brain, swelling, pressure, and bleeding (intracerebral hemorrhage) which can easily lead to permanent, severe brain damage or death. Soothing Support for Colic: Commonly, there is no need to treat colic and medications are generally not advised. However, if your baby develops colic a medical professional can guide you. See a doctor immediately if your baby develops colic after a fall, injury or illness or has a bluish hue to the skin or lips during a crying fit, or if they eat, sleep, or behave differently. Evidence shows that baby chiropractic adjustments significantly improve colic symptoms. When baby’s spine and nervous system are misaligned, their digestive system becomes dysfunctional, and infants respond with intense crying. A slight spine adjustment can support baby’s digestive system to start working again by stimulating their nerve flow to their small intestines and increase peristalsis that helps push gas and liquid through. Avoid overfeeding, only give your infant the recommended amount. Wind baby properly during and after feeding, positioned against your shoulder with smooth but firm upwards strokes. Hold them upright for 30 mins after feeding. Take turns with your partner caring for your colic-stressed child so you can take a break and get some rest. Anti-Colic Technology with Parents & Baby in mind: Thanks to modern technology available today, there are amazing products to support your journey as a parent in soothing, caring for and preventing a colicky baby. When a baby is upset and you are tired, the new Vital Baby SOOTHE collection of pacifiers has been developed to provide a solution to help soothe babies when they need it most. The Airflow Soother 0-6 months Adventure and Glow in the Dark soothers R128.70 feature symmetrical teats to make the soother easy for baby to hold in their mouth. The 100% soft silicone is taste and odour-free and comfortable for baby while the wide-open Airflow shield helps

August 8, 2023

Breaking Barriers: Challenging the Stigma of Vocational Education for Neurodiverse Learners

The perception of vocational education for neurodiverse learners can vary significantly across different societies and cultures. However, there are several potential reasons why vocational education for neurodiverse learners might have faced negative stigma in some places: Stereotypes and Misunderstandings: There is often a lack of awareness and understanding of neurodiversity and the unique strengths and challenges that neurodiverse individuals may have. This can lead to stereotypes and misconceptions, such as assuming that neurodiverse individuals are not capable of pursuing higher education or certain career paths. Social Stigma: Society can stigmatise individuals with learning differences, leading to prejudices and discrimination. This can manifest in various ways, including limited opportunities, negative attitudes, and exclusion from certain educational and career paths. Traditional Education System Bias: The education system in many places is primarily geared towards a one-size-fits-all approach, which may not adequately accommodate the diverse learning styles and needs of neurodiverse individuals. This can result in neurodiverse learners facing challenges and feeling like they do not fit into the traditional academic mold. Focus on Academic Excellence: In some cultures, there is an overemphasis on academic excellence and pursuing higher education at prestigious institutions. Vocational education, on the other hand, may be perceived as a less desirable option, leading to the marginalisation of those who choose alternative paths. Lack of Support and Resources: Neurodiverse learners may not always receive the necessary support and accommodations in educational settings, making it difficult for them to thrive academically. This can reinforce the belief that vocational education is their only viable option. Career Opportunities: Some vocational careers may be associated with lower social status or perceived as less intellectually challenging. As a result, neurodiverse learners who choose vocational paths might face judgment or negative assumptions about their capabilities. Limited Awareness of Vocational Options: The range of vocational opportunities available to neurodiverse learners may not always be well-known or well-promoted. As a result, individuals and their families may not consider vocational education as a viable and fulfilling option. Addressing the negative stigma surrounding vocational education for neurodiverse learners requires a multi-faceted approach, including increasing awareness and understanding of neurodiversity, providing better support and accommodations in educational settings, promoting diverse career paths, and challenging stereotypes about vocational education. Emphasising the value and success stories of neurodiverse individuals in vocational fields can also help change perceptions and attitudes. At Oak House Vocational Academy, a division of Glenoaks School, our neurodivergent learners are exposed to the concept of work from the beginning of their journey with us. Younger learners participate in internal contract or project-based work, and older learners benefit from external work experience placements aligned to their strengths, abilities, and areas of interest, culminating in years of work experience, and often a part-time or full-time job by the time they graduate. Learners are exposed to several vocational subjects including Administration, Computers, Hospitality, Gardening, Crafts and Enterprise. These subjects are integrated with each other and based on a business model. Learners gain insight into the purpose of work and completing a job or project. They are challenged to understand the ‘bigger picture’ and the importance of every role in a business. In many of these subjects learners produce products to sell, which provides tangible opportunities to internalise valuable vocational skills. Despite the negative stigma often associated with this type of education, we at Glenoaks believe that it is one of the most successful ways to integrate neurodiverse learners into society and the workplace. Written by Julia Wood – Head of Oak House Vocational Academy – Glenoaks School

August 8, 2023

WOMEN’S DAY – Wonder Woman

Cartoonito celebrates our favourite female characters for South African Women’s Day on Wednesday, 9 August. Girl power is super-powered with adventure, comedy, capers and crime-fighting in specially selected episodes ofMasha and the Bear; Interstellar Ella; Zig & Sharko; Bugs Bunny Builders; Cocomelon;Batwheels and Meet the Batwheels. Turn on, tune in and fangirl out as the ladies take us on a voyage of discovery, fight crime, solve problems and teach us valuable lessons along the way! Premiere: Wednesday, 9 August ⏰ Tune in: Wednesday, 9 August from 08:30 CAT

August 8, 2023

The negative affects of pulling a child up by his arm

Picture walking along with your toddler – he stumbles and your first reaction is to pull him up by his arm to prevent any grazed knees. However you may have caused more damage by that simple reaction. Dislocation of the elbow joint is commonly referred to as Pulled Elbow. A baby’s bones, ligaments and joints are not formed properly and when pulling them up by the arm, a partial dislocation of the elbow can occur. The two lower bones of the arm – the radius and ulna are held together with ligaments and the younger the child, the looser the ligaments. When a young child is pulled up by his arm, this loose ligament moves up over the radius causing the radial bone to shift out of place becoming partially dislocated. This commonly occurs in children aged 1 to 4 years of age but can also happen to younger babies. Whilst this injury most commonly causes injury to the elbow you can also cause neck injuries. Babies initially have weak neck control and big heads compared to the size of their bodies and by pulling him up by the arms, his neck may fall backwards causing injury to the neck muscles. Support baby’s head and neck when picking him up until he is old enough to hold his head steady by himself. A pulled elbow will hurt with movement and you will notice that your child won’t move his arm but rather let it slump slightly at his side. If you suspect your child has a pulled elbow, then he needs to be taken to a doctor who will manoeuvre it back into place. A pulled elbow will not cause any long term damage if treated quickly. Recovery is fast but your child may need to take some pain medication for a couple of days. To stop this from happening make sure that you do not pick up your child by the lower arms or wrists. It is best to lift them up by their armpits. Show grandparents or caregivers the correct way to pick up your child. As the child gets older, the ligaments start to tighten and this type of injury rarely occurs after the age of 5 years. Here are some guidelines for parents and care givers on how to prevent a pulled elbow: Never pick a child up by pulling on one arm or wrist. Don’t swing a toddler around by holding onto his hands or arms. When lifting a child up, grasp them under the arms, never lift them up by pulling or jerking on their arms.

August 7, 2023

The building blocks of sleep

At Good Night, the basis of our methods and processes are the building blocks of good quality sleep. The reality is that even though sleep is quite natural, it is also quite complex. Getting your baby to sleep better, is often not just one thing but a combination of things that need to be in place. These ‘things’ we refer to as the building blocks of sleep. Over many years and many clients, we have also realised that not only do the building blocks matter, the sequence of how they are implemented also matters. Some building blocks might be easier to implement, but it does not make them less important. In fact, these easier building blocks, are the blocks that hold it all up! Just like a house you will start with the foundation and build your house from the ground up! This is the most responsible way to do it, as you can cause unnecessary crying or protest. You can’t implement a bedtime routine, without having a sleep space (environment) in place. You can’t expect your baby to have a ‘normal’ routine and schedule during the day if they are ill (other). You cannot sleep train your baby (creating sustainable sleep associations), if you give them Coca-cola before they go to sleep (nutrition). Other Factors: these are factors that can influence sleep and cause wake ups but are beyond our control as parents. Such as if your baby is ill or has allergies. It is always advised to first get the all clear from your paediatrician before making any major changes for your baby/toddler. Environment: The most important part about environment is safety! Keep in mind the ABC’s of safe sleep: Your baby should be alone, on their back and in a safe cot. Nutrition: the classic chicken-egg-scenario. If your baby is hungry, they will be waking up at night, but if your baby is not sleeping well, it could have an impact on their feeding during the day. Bedtime routine: The single most important thing to implement for your baby/toddler, a bedtime routine that is not too long and not too late. Routine and schedule: sleep begets sleep, your baby/toddler needs enough sleep during the day to ensure that they are not over tired at bedtime, causing them to struggle to fall asleep and to stay asleep. Creating sustainable sleep associations: Aka sleep training, the methods we use to teach babies/toddlers to fall asleep on their own. It is possible to implement all of these at the same time, in fact in some cases it is advisable, but whether you do sleep training or NOT, implementing the building blocks in the right way can BETTER your families sleep. By Jolandi Becker – MD of Good Night

August 7, 2023

GLOBALLY TEEN DEPRESSION REACHES AN ALL-TIME HIGH

Depression has become the leading cause of illness and disability among adolescents worldwide, which in most cases go undetected and untreated, increasing the risk of suicide. Abdurahman Kenny, Mental Health Portfolio Manager for Pharma Dynamics says while teen mental health was already declining prior to COVID-19, the pandemic created conditions that exacerbated feelings of sadness and hopelessness. “Disruptions to routines, missed milestones, extended school disruptions, prolonged social isolation, fear and anxiety over health and finances have without doubt taken a cumulative toll on the mental well-being of youth. Extraordinary stress and disruption as experienced during the pandemic can be very damaging for a child’s psyche that typically thrives on routine and predictability.” The study found older children to be impacted more severely than younger ones, likely because of puberty, hormonal changes, and lack of social interaction. Girls were more prone to depression and anxiety than boys, which align with studies from before the pandemic. Kenny explains that depression, anxiety and behavioural disorders are among the most common mental health concerns in youth. “Depressive symptoms, such as sadness, loss of interest in activities that used to bring joy, disturbed sleep, changes in appetite, lack in concentration, irritability, low energy or little motivation to do anything, risky or harmful behaviour, substance abuse and feeling hopeless for weeks on end can lead to suicide ideation if not properly addressed.” In South Africa, where we have limited mental health resources, it’s important for parents to become more aware of behavioural changes in their children in order to provide them with the right support. Here’s what you can do as a parent: 1. Be there for your child. Show empathy and understanding – even if they don’t want to talk to you or do much of anything. Depression makes even doing the smallest of tasks difficult. Validate their emotions, but not their unhealthy behaviour. Ask questions about their mood in a non-threatening way. Don’t be judgemental or try to solve their problems, just listen to what they are saying and let them know that you are there for them, while showing compassion for what they’re going through. 2. Focus on the positive. Compliment them on the positive things they do – even if it’s just going to school, setting the dinner table or helping with the dishes. Try not to belabour their negative points, but rather acknowledge that they’re trying. They don’t want to feel this way. If they could snap out of it, they would, but depression doesn’t work that way. Showing love and appreciation for the little things they do well, will strengthen your relationship. 3. Encourage self-care. While it may be difficult for your teen to look after themselves while they’re feeling depressed, it’s vitally important. Getting regular exercise, eating healthy meals, sleeping enough, participating in sports and wholesome hobbies that make them feel good about themselves, limiting screen time and social media use, practising gratitude by keeping a journal, encouraging social interaction, setting achievable goals are all things they can do that will improve their mood and self-esteem. 4. Set boundaries. Healthy boundaries are essential for youth to form positive relationships with others. Setting these limits create physical and emotional safety for your teen, so they know what is acceptable and what is not. Even when they are depressed, rules should be respected. 5. Get them the help they need. Discuss going to a therapist if their mood doesn’t improve. If they don’t want to go, ask in what way you can help. If they tell you to back off, don’t retaliate with anger. It might just be their way of telling you they need space. Accept their response and give them some more time to think about it. If they don’t come back to you, ask your GP to recommend a few therapists. Then put the suggested therapists to your teen and ask them to make a choice. It’s important to make them feel involved in the process, which sets the stage for effective therapy. Kenny says there are several kinds of therapy that might be helpful. “These include interpersonal therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy and dialectical behavioural therapy, which all play a role in the recovery process. However, a thorough assessment should be done by a psychiatrist in order to recommend the most appropriate treatment for your child. “Teenagers with depression may also benefit from medication, such as anti-depressants, but the best results are usually obtained when combining medicine with psychotherapy (talking with a therapist). That said, your teen has to be committed to therapy, therefore finding the right therapist that your child can connect with is key.” He says while challenging behaviour tends to be the norm for teenagers, parents should be on the lookout for signs of depression as early detection and treatment are crucial. For more info on how to manage depression, visit mydynamics.co.za or contact Pharma Dynamics’ toll-free helpline on 0800 205 026, which is manned by trained counsellors who are on call from 8am to 8pm, seven days a week.

August 4, 2023

GIRL POWER WEEK – Get it, Girl!

Cartoon Network celebrates Women’s Day on 9 August with a dedicated week of epic girl-hero programming! Catch the best of We Bare Bears;Jade Armor; Craig of the Creek; The Amazing World of Gumball; Teen Titans Go! and We Baby Bears on Women’s Day from 14:10 CAT. Then settle in from Monday to Friday of the Women’s Day week for a new DC Superhero Girls movie, each day at 17:15 CAT. Hang out with DC Super Hero Girls: Legend of Atlantis; DC Super Hero Girls: Intergalactic Games; Lego DC Super Hero Girls: Super-Villain High; DC Super Hero Girls: Super Hero High and DC Super Hero Girls: Hero of the Year. ⏰ Tune in: Monday, 7 August to Friday, 11 August from 17:15 CAT and Wednesday, 9 August from 14:10 CAT

August 4, 2023

LOONEY TUNES CARTOONS – More than a Little Looney

There’s nobody loonier than the cast of Looney Tunes Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, and other marquee characters — and nobody does slapstick gags any better! This month, Elmer throws a birthday party, Porky goes old school, and Marvin, The Martian, tries to give his dog a bath. Porky and Daffy go diving for pearls, Elmer Fudd has a hunting mishap – and Wile E. Coyote gets a new suit. When Tweety goes to a hotel, Sylvester gets hungry for room service. Daffy’s up to his old tricks, and Bugs Bunny expands a buzzard’s palate. Premiere: Saturday, 5 August @ 12:25 CAT ⏰ Tune in: Weekends @ 12:25 CAT Also available on DStv Catch Up

August 4, 2023

DYSCALCULIA: RECOGNISING AND COUNTERING ITS IMPACT ON MATHS LEARNING IN SA

While it is not uncommon for South African school students to struggle with Mathematics during their educational journeys, more awareness is needed about a learning disorder called Dyscalculia, to ensure that students who may be Dyscalculic are able to access the help they need timeously and effectively, an education expert says. Dyscalculia is a learning disorder that affects an individual’s ability to understand and manipulate numbers and mathematical concepts, in a way that is similar to how Dyslexia impacts reading. In South Africa, there is little awareness of Dyscalculia as a condition and, consequently, there is a lack of diagnostic and remedial resources for people with Dyscalculia to receive the support they require. Dr Lindiwe Mokotjo, Deputy Dean: Academic Development Support at IIE Rosebank College, a brand of The Independent Institute of Education, SA’s leading private higher education provider, says learners often find Mathematics challenging primarily due to preconceived notions about the subject based on interactions throughout their educational journey from a young age. “These negative perceptions often inform their overall attitude towards Mathematics, thereby creating a barrier to effective learning. Furthermore, I have observed a direct correlation between students’ failure rates and the existence of an information gap, which hinders their understanding of mathematical concepts taught in the classroom. These as well as other factors could induce Mathematics anxiety and Developmental Dyscalculia,” she notes. Dr Mokotjo says there is ongoing research which delves deeper into Dyscalculia globally, and to a limited extent, South Africa. It is postulated that Dyscalculia could be as prevalent as Dyslexia (estimated at between 5% and 10% of the population) and that its impact is equally critical. Furthermore, there is a persistent global concern – and particularly so in South Africa – regarding the subpar performance of students in Mathematics generally. “There are several undeniable benefits in understanding numbers – benefits many take for granted. However, individuals with Dyscalculia are excluded from such basic advantages. Consequently, it can be argued that Dyscalculia extracts a financial cost from government and society, in addition to the personal cost for individuals,” she says. Recent research from the UK revealed that individuals with poor numeracy skills experienced several detrimental effects, including lower income levels, with its resultant impact on livelihoods, increased likelihood of illness and legal prosecution, and a greater need for educational intervention. The study estimated that the economic impact of low numeracy skills in the UK amounted to over 48 billion pounds Sterling. It raises the question regarding the corresponding impact in South Africa, which is arguably likely to come at an even higher cost. The big question is: How can students living with Dyscalculia be helped? An option for support is to seek the assistance of a Learning Specialist or Educational Psychologist. These professionals can provide an assessment to determine the presence and extent of the individual’s Dyscalculia and recommend appropriate accommodations and interventions. Some universities and schools may also have learning support centres that offer assistance to students. “In addition, there are various technological tools that can assist individuals with Dyscalculia. For an example, there are Math apps and software programmes which can provide visual representations of mathematical concepts, as well as tools that can read math problems aloud to the user. There are also assistive technologies such as calculators, abacuses as well as Active Learning Strategy as a teaching strategy that can assist with basic math understanding and calculations.” Dr Mokotjo notes it is important to understand that while Dyscalculia can pose challenges, it does not define an individual’s abilities or limit their potential. “With the right support and accommodations, individuals with Dyscalculia can succeed academically and in their daily lives. It is also important that individuals with Dyscalculia understand the condition and are able to advocate for themselves and seek the support they need to thrive.” Thus far, the exact prevalence of Dyscalculia in South Africa has not been determined. Studies on learning difficulties in South Africa have focused mainly on Dyslexia with comparatively little research on Dyscalculia. “It is therefore essential that more research is undertaken to better understand the prevalence of Dyscalculia in South Africa, and to develop effective strategies for identifying and supporting individuals with this condition.”

August 3, 2023

When do children start talking?

This is one of the most common questions posed to a speech therapist. As a parent, if this questions has come to your mind – this indicates a certain level of concern for your child which is a great start. An open minded parent, who shows keen interest in their child’s developmental milestones, is the beginning of a child’s progress. Being in denial about any delay in your child’s milestones is more detrimental to your child than the actual delay itself. For any concern, assistance is always available. Trust your gut feeling – motherly instincts are there for a very good reason, listen to it. At the end of this article we share a fun activity to encourage your child to make verbal requests in various lengths with the final aim being – “Mommy, may I have more chocolate pizza please” The standards that we have for our children differ according to various factors. Two parents, who may have had a rough childhood financially, could have opposing views regarding money when it comes to their own children. One parent may feel that their children need to value money in the same way hence they limit their spending and have a set amount of allowance they receive. The other parent may feel that they do not want their child to be ‘deprived’ the way they were hence they have no limits regarding how much money their child receives. Both parties need to have a common ground to avoid conflict in their relationship and the relationship they have with their child. You might be wondering – what does this have to do with my child’s speech development? In the same way 2 parents can have different opinions regarding finances, 2 parents can also have different opinions whether a child’s speech is delayed “just like so and so’s son” or a visit to a speech therapist is compulsory. Depending on who you ask, the stage of “talking” is interpreted differently. For some, it may be when a child starts using vocalisations such as /nana/ whilst others it could be when a child uses a two-word utterance such as /baba gone/. The former is known as babbling which begins around the age of 4 months and the latter is achieved by 18 months. Before we discuss these milestones in greater detail, let’s understand the difference between speech and language. As elaborated in our May edition, All You Need to Know About Speech Therapists, “speech” is the actual sounds that emanate from the mouth. Disorders of speech can include stuttering, a lisp, apraxia, dysarthria. “Language” is a system of communication made up of written text and sounds. Language is further broken down into receptive and expressive language. A child who can follow age appropriate verbal instructions but is unable to express himself verbally is said to have delayed expressive language development. At birth, your new-born’s sole method of communicating hunger, pain and discomfort is by crying (see Dunstan baby language by Priscilla Dunstan as featured on the Oprah Winfrey show). Cooing and laughter are 2 reflexes that a baby can’t control i.e. it happens naturally. Playing the game peek-a-boo is an ideal way to stimulate these reflexes in children 4 – 12 months. They would laugh (sometimes uncontrollably!) at almost any silly sound that you make. Just as walking is preceded by crawling, so too is talking preceded by babbling. For some babbling are the non-sense sounds which babies make that have the ability to melt anyone’s heart. Ironically, we can’t wait for babies to start talking, however once they are older and the questions don’t stop – we wish they would keep quiet. 4 – 5 months Simple babbling Ba – na – da Your child discovers s/he has a “voice” and will experiment with pitch, volume, tone etc 6 – 7 months: Reduplicated babbling (repeated the same sound) Baba – nana – mama – dada A string of the same sound may be repeated e.g. mamamamama 8 – 9 months: Variegated babbling (repeating different sounds) Maba – daba – bana 10 – 11 months: Jargon 12 month: First meaning word By the age of 12 months, your child will understand more words than they can say i.e. their receptive language will be greater than their expressive language. As parents, it is tempting for us to respond to our children’s non-verbal cues as compared to prompting them for a verbal response. Let’s explain further using a practical example Scenario 1 Ten-month old Ben was playing with a soft ball which has rolled under the bed. His mother noticed that the ball has disappeared. Without saying a word, she reaches under the bed to get the ball and pass it to Ben. Ben’s mother could have used verbal and non – verbal communication which requires minimal effort but has a profound impact on Ben’s development. Scenario 2 Ten-month old Tom’s mother, Sarah, noticed that his favourite toy fell off the table. She turned to Tom and asked, “Where is your toy” while using exaggerated facial expression, a questioning tone of voice and arms in the air. Sarah then puts her hand over her mouth and says “Oh-o!” with her other hand on her hip. By now Tom is carefully examining his mothers body language and taking cues from her tone of voice that something is wrong. Sarah then repeats the words “Gone!” in a stern tone a few times. Tom is making association between his mothers body language, tone of voice and choice of words. Sarah decides to let Tom crawl on the floor and look for his toy. He finds his toy and exclaims by saying ‘bababa’. Sarah then takes the toy away from him and places it behind her back, out of Tom’s sight. She asks Tom again, “Where is your toy”. Only once his facial expression changes does she repeat the words “Gone!” using the same tone of voice and facial expression as before. Sarah has used the opportunity to expand her child’s

August 3, 2023

Sleep Stage by Age: Understanding Your Baby’s Sleep Cycles

The foundation of good parenting is in establishing the two most important aspects of your newborn’s growth and care, that of correct feeding, and establishing their sleep routine, which will stand them in good stead for the rest of their lives. Sleep is important to infants as this is when they process new experiences and abilities they have learned, preparing them to wake up refreshed, so they can learn more. If a baby doesn’t get adequate sleep at night, it can lead to a decrease in brain development, learning problems, emotional difficulties, weight loss and possible illness. Chronic sleepiness, however, can be just as concerning. If your newborn is sleeping for more than 17 hours a day and it’s interfering with their ability to eat at least eight times per week, you should let your paediatrician or medical consultant know. Frequently missing meals can affect their weight gain milestones and developmental growth. Bear in mind, however, babies are unique human beings and, therefore may vary in the amount of sleep they need. Use general guidelines to assess where your child’s specific disposition falls. Trust your gut and call on professional help when you feel something is off and need a second opinion. As parents, learn the basics of your newborn’s sleep requirements and together, enjoy stress-free days and nighttime settling to sleep with gentle kisses. Newborn Sleep Cycles In general, infants require eight to nine hours of sleep during the daytime and 8 hours of sleep at night. New-born babies have both active and quiet sleep. However, since they still have tiny tummies, they are known to sleep in short bursts of 20 to 50 minutes and wake every few hours to feed during the day and night, taking in around eight to 12 feeds over a 24-hour period. Start to read your baby’s cues when it is time to settle them to sleep, such as rubbing their eyes and yawning, so you can establish a smooth routine for the whole family to learn and set in place. As baby becomes drowsy, their eyes droop and may open and close, and they may appear to be dozing. As they move into light sleep, they can be startled by sounds, causing them to display the Moro reflex of sleeping with their arms above their head. It is also known as the ‘startle reflex’ and is a sleep-wake reaction to sudden sounds that usually disappears by six months of age. When your baby falls into a deep sleep, they are quiet and do not move. Four-month Fatigue Baby’s new routine can be tough on first-time parents, however, by four months, most babies begin to sleep longer throughout the night. Be aware that as a parent your own mental health can be affected by lack of sleep too and you may want to ask for support from friends and family when you need to catch up on your much-needed rest. One of the most useful tools you will ever need is a Vital Baby manual or electric breast pump so you can pump your breast milk and store it in the freezer in hygienic pouches so a caregiver or your partner can fill in the baby’s feeds when you need a break. Another invaluable infant accessory is the Soothe Airflow Newborn 0+ pacifier to soothe and comfort your baby, while at the same time helping to strengthen their reflex sucking muscles in the mouth and throat. Vital Baby’s symmetrical soother teats make the soother easy for your baby to hold in their mouth; while Moms and Dads can benefit from the 0-6 months Glow-in-the-dark soother which makes it easy to find in the dark without disturbing baby. Between the age of 3 and 6 months, some babies have two to three longish sleeps during the day, while others just have short naps. A few infants sleep 12 hours at night without interruption, some manage 8 hours while many others may wake regularly for feeds. Six-month A-Okay Lullaby From about 6 months old, your baby’s sleep patterns will begin to align more with yours, as they learn to sleep the longest period at night, on average for about 13 hours in a 24-hour cycle, with daytime naps which drop off to around two during the day. Sleep Training Tips You can help your baby to sleep longer with the following tips: Feed them correctly during the day. Sometimes this may be difficult for new Mums suffering from sore, chaffed, and dry, cracked nipples. The relief you will get from the Vital Baby Nipple Shields in the easy snap case will be complete, making feeding a breeze again. After feeding, keep your baby upright for 10 to 15 minutes or longer if your baby spits up or has Gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD. As their digestive systems settle in newborns may spit up occasionally, which is nothing to worry about. Swaddle babies correctly at night, and tuck the covers securely under their arms so they cannot slip over their heads. Babies’ heads should never be covered, and it is important to keep their crib free of soft toys and cushions that could smother them. For added warmth, layer lightweight blankets. Baby’s mattress should be firm, flat, well-fitting inside the crib, clean, and waterproof on the outside. Simply cover the mattress with a single sheet. Always lay your baby on their back to sleep to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome SIDS. Establish a nighttime routine. Babies sleep best in a darkened room as light stimulates their brains. Once you are able to read your baby’s cues and you see they are tired, put them down in their crib while drowsy but still awake. Sit in a chair next to them. Once the baby is asleep, leave the room. If they cry, delay your response time, and keep all night-time interactions brief. Return and sit back in the chair next to their crib. Every few nights, you can move the chair slightly further back until

August 3, 2023

GARBAGE BOY & TRASH CAN – Glorious Trash

Garbage Boy and Trash Can was created & directed by Nigerian animator Ridwan Moshood, who took inspiration for the show from the adversity he experienced during his childhood. “The inspiration for the lead characters came from the derogatory name some bullies used to call me back in school. I soon realised that this name didn’t define my identity or limit my potential,” he says. “That’s why I decided to create a show centred around overcoming adversity and proving that hurtful labels do not determine one’s true worth”. Garbage Boy, a self-proclaimed super hero, believes he has superpowers and fights for justice with his sidekick, Trash Can. Premiere: Friday, 4 August @ 18:00 CAT for episodes 1-10

August 3, 2023

ARE YOU GRINDING YOUR TEETH? HERE’S TO KNOW AND HOW TO STOP

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, discusses what tooth grinding is, how to recognise it, and what you can do to stop it. What Is Tooth Grinding? Tooth grinding, also known as bruxism, is the clenching and grinding of teeth, usually during sleep. It is a common condition that affects people of all ages. According to the American Sleep Association, about 10% of adults and 15% of children grind their teeth. Tooth grinding can occur in varying degrees of severity. Some people may grind their teeth occasionally or respond to specific triggers, while others may do so regularly or subconsciously, even while they sleep. The severity of tooth grinding can also depend on the individual’s age, stress levels, and overall health. Mild tooth-grinding cases may not cause noticeable symptoms, while moderate to severe cases can lead to oral and health complications. “When you grind your teeth, you put excessive pressure on them, which can cause several problems,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “It can wear down the enamel, making the teeth more susceptible to cavities and decay. In severe cases, it can also cause the teeth to crack or fracture, which may require extensive dental work, such as crowns or root canals. Tooth grinding can also cause jaw pain and headaches, making it difficult to eat or speak. Over time, it can also lead to the development of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder, which affects the joints that connect the jawbone to the skull.” It is important to note that tooth grinding can be a subconscious habit, and some people may not know they are doing it. Therefore, it is essential to visit a dental professional if you suspect that you may be grinding your teeth, regardless of the severity, to determine the appropriate course of treatment and prevent further damage. How To Recognise Tooth Grinding Some signs can indicate that you have bruxism. These include: Worn, chipped, or cracked teeth Tooth sensitivity Jaw pain or soreness Headaches Earaches Tired or tight jaw muscles in the morning A clicking or popping sound when opening or closing your mouth How To Stop Tooth Grinding There are various ways to prevent and treat bruxism. Here are some tips: Reduce stress: Stress and anxiety are often the leading causes of tooth grinding. Learning relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises can help reduce stress levels and prevent bruxism. Get enough sleep: Lack of sleep can worsen tooth grinding. It is essential to get enough restful sleep every night. Wear a mouthguard: A mouthguard is a plastic device that covers your teeth, protecting them from grinding. It can be custom-made by your dentist or bought over the counter. Correct your bite: If an abnormal bite causes bruxism, orthodontic treatment may be necessary to correct it. Treat underlying medical conditions: In some cases, tooth grinding may be a symptom of an underlying medical condition, such as sleep apnea. Treating the underlying medical condition can often alleviate bruxism. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

August 2, 2023

A bedtime routine for the family

My kids are 2, 4 and 6 years old and I wanted to help moms out with an idea of what your evenings could look like with a consistent routine that your children can know and become used to. By knowing what to expect, as each night is more or less the same, my kids don’t argue or negotiate what to do or not do, as we have done the routine since they were babies. We have dinner when dad gets home from work around 5:00/5:30 p.m. After dinner, we do some sort of activity, which usually lasts for 15−20 minutes. We either go outside and play, throw the ball for our dog, swing or jump on the trampoline (the kids, not us adults!). Or, on long summer days, we go for a walk around the block. After this, we go inside and all three kids jump into the bath at around 18:00/18:15 p.m. While they bath, I get their clothing ready – nappy for little one and PJs. I set up their essential-oil owl diffusers (I find this is super helpful with snotty noses and change of season as well as dry air) and take the towels back to the bathroom, while dad stands in the doorway watching them. They play and the splashing often gets a little out of hand; we wash them and then wrangle them out the bath by 18:30 p.m. We apply cream, do meds and get dressed. We then all read a story or two (sometimes three, if they get their way) on one bed. After the story, it is lights out. We all say good night and my husband often sits with the older two for a few minutes (my 4- and 6-year olds share a room, each with their own bed) and I take our 2-year old to bed. I tuck her in with her bunny and also sit with her or stand by the door for a few minutes. Most nights, all the kids are asleep by 7:00 p.m. In summer, we put the fans are on, which helps with a bit of white noise, and in winter, we have wall heaters to take the chill off the air. I dress my kids in warm fleece onesies in winter because they generally do not sleep under their blankets, and before I go to bed myself each night, I check on them and put a blanket over them, as being cold can cause early wakings with babies and children. When they were smaller they still had sleeping bags. We try keep our bedtime routine, from bath to lights out, within 30 minutes. Research shows that our body’s melatonin is at its highest point within 30 minutes of having had warm water on our bodies, and I have seen that this really does help my kids calm down and get sleepy. With only one child, you can really create a SPA type of environment with dimmed lights and calming music. But as they grow and are more mobile or when you start to have more kids in the bath-time routine, it is quite unrealistic to expect your kids to not splash and be loud at bath time. Having a consistent routine allows my children to know what is coming next and that bedtime with lights off is at the end of the routine. To summarise: WHY a bedtime routine is needed: A consistent bedtime routine is vital for good sleep health, for both children and adults. The consistency of a bedtime routine helps your baby or child prepare for sleep and to know that sleep is coming. It also helps with melatonin production. WHEN a bedtime routine should be done: If you aim for bedtime to be between 6:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m., you need to aim for 30 minutes before that. HOW a bedtime routine should be done: I love reading that “a bedtime routine should be relaxing and a SPA-like environment should be created” (at Good Night, we even used to advocate this). And yes, that is a lovely idea and would help with prepping the brain for sleep and allow your baby to feel super relaxed and calm. It could also be achievable when you have only one child, but throw three children in the bath together and the noise and atmosphere will be more like varsity-locker-room vibes than a SPA. Load shedding added to the mix can spice up your night, especially as it is getting darker earlier as winter approaches. I use a lamp to have light in the bathroom. I also need to be a little more prepared with turning our geyser on earlier so our water is warm and making sure the clothing is out so I don’t need to use my cell phone flashlight to find the PJs in the dark. But my kids are so used to load shedding that it doesn’t cause too many issues; they just know that we need to then tell and not read a story in the dark. Below are just the basic points of what a bedtime routine can look like. Bedtime routine: Bath Dress in PJs Read a story Hugs and kisses Lights off Being able to have all three of our children bath and do their bedtime routine together was what we wanted as a family, firstly to create a time of bonding and secondly for practical reasons. When my husband works late, I need to be able to independently bath and put to bed all three of my kids together and bathing and dressing them one by one is way too exhausting and drawn out. Having all three of our kids bath together works for us, even though that creates lots of noise, wet floors and chaos. We embrace the chaos and noise and allow the warm water temperature to do its work on the brain (temperature change signals the brain to release melatonin) regardless of the splashing and loud fun being had by all three children. By Megan

August 2, 2023

Webinar – Baby Milestones

Sr Ingrid Groenewald explains the milestones that you can experience in your baby’s first year.

August 2, 2023

IS YOUR WORKPLACE BREASTFEEDING FRIENDLY?

Working parents need all the support they can get to keep their livelihoods on track while raising families. This is most especially true for parents with a new baby. One of the biggest challenges parents experience when getting back to full-time work is what to do about infant feeding. Unfortunately, returning to work is one of the most common reasons why new moms don’t even try or give up on breastfeeding. Breastfeeding is a crucial aspect of infant and maternal health, providing the best start in life for baby as well as numerous other benefits for both mother and child. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, and ongoing breastfeeding together with the introduction of complementary foods, up to and over two years of age. According to Dr Chantell Witten from Wits University, a spokesperson for ADSA (The Association for Dietetics in South Africa), South Africa has low exclusive breastfeeding rates to start with, and returning to work exacerbates the situation. “The latest breastfeeding rates in South Africa are from 2016, and from that data we see an acute drop off from 44% of mothers breastfeeding in the first month after birth to only 28.9% still breastfeeding at 2 to 3 months of age, which coincides with the timing for return to work.” In efforts to reverse this trend, South Africa included the Code of Good Practice on protection of employees during pregnancy and after the birth of a child in the Basic Conditions of Employment Act. South Africa is one of only 42 countries in the world to mandate breastfeeding support in the workplace. Employers are required to allow breastfeeding employees two 30-minute breaks per day for breastfeeding or expressing milk, every working day for the first six months of their child’s life. Dr Witten says, “Despite the legislation, research shows1 that many companies are not making provision for mothers to express breastmilk at their workplaces, and it is hard for government to enforce compliance within the private sector environments. What is also missing is that we are not hearing parents demanding these provisions to support breastfeeding in the workplace. We need to create awareness of this provision and build breastfeeding-friendly work environments that proactively reduce social stigma and instead promote breastfeeding as a vital part of wellness and healthy lifestyles.” Mothers face barriers to breastfeeding in the workplace Professor Lisanne du Plessis from the Division of Human Nutrition, Stellenbosch University, co-authored a 2020 research study2 at businesses with more than 50 employees in the Breede Valley of the Western Cape. She says, “What we found is that breastfeeding support practices were limited and inadequate. For instance, there was a lack of common breastfeeding support practices such as onsite or nearby childcare facilities, access to breastfeeding counsellors, promotion of the benefits of breastfeeding to employees and provision of private spaces for expressing breastmilk. In addition, workplace breastfeeding policies were not common and were mostly found in the public rather than the private sector. Under half of our research sites did not provide the mandated time for expressing breastmilk at work. My sense is that this study reflects what is happening beyond the Western Cape as well, since many of the workplaces included in the study have branches in other provinces. Legislated breastfeeding break times most definitely need to be monitored to ensure better compliance with the Basic Conditions of Employment Act in South African workplaces.” Is your workplace breastfeeding friendly? World Breastfeeding Week is celebrated every year from 1 to 7 August. In 2023, the theme, ENABLING BREASTFEEDING, Making a difference for working parents, highlights that workplace challenges are the most common reasons for never breastfeeding or stopping before the recommended first six months of life. A workplace doesn’t necessarily have to be hostile towards breastfeeding to cause mothers to give up efforts to continue to breastfeed their babies. Lacking consideration for mothers who want to breastfeed their babies up until at least six months of age can easily be too much stress for most mothers. We’ve all heard the stories of new mothers uncomfortably trying to express breastmilk in workplace toilet cubicles or fearing co-workers walking in on them when they try to find a private space. ADSA Registered Dietitian and International Nutrition Consultant, Andiswa Ngqaka says, “It is important that there is recognition and appreciation in the corporate environment that breastmilk is the natural food for optimal health and growth of young children in South Africa. Therefore, breastfeeding mothers require our full support. Many parents are employed, and therefore supporting the breastfeeding goals of employees is part of employee wellness.” Andiswa highlights strategies for creating a breastfeeding friendly workplace including: Complying with the South African law by providing two 30-minute breaks for breastfeeding or expressing breastmilk Management support for providing a breastfeeding friendly workplace that is sensitive to the needs of breastfeeding employees Formulating, communicating and enforcing a supportive workplace breastfeeding policy Including breastfeeding education and promotion in general employee wellness and health initiatives Providing parents with access to breastfeeding education and lactation consultations Providing clean, secure and private spaces in the workplace for expressing milk and breastfeeding, which preferably includes access to a fridge for storing breastmilk expressed at work Hearing parents’ voices when it comes to their individual breastfeeding goals and challenges Adopting a flexible approach to be as supportive of breastfeeding employees as possible, particularly during their baby’s first six months of life.

August 1, 2023

How much should you be feeding your toddler?

Nutrition is one of the most important things to get right when your child starts eating.

August 1, 2023

HOW TO DISCARD OF EXPIRED OR UNUSED MEDICATIONS

I usually go through all my medications during National Pharmacy Month in September since that’s when I usually remember to do so. It’s also the month I make time to reorganise my drug cupboard. However, this year I have seen many of you start off the new year by decluttering your homes and doing a little bit of “spring cleaning”.

August 1, 2023

THE HEROIC QUEST OF THE VALIANT PRINCE IVANDOE – Random Royal

Everyone’s favourite delightfully deluded young royal buck, Prince Ivandoe, continues his quest to claim the legendary Golden Feather. Surrounded by magical fairy tale creatures and swashbuckling heroes, Prince Ivandoe bumbles through epic adventures – often without realising it! This month, Rabbit Hood mistakes Prince Ivandoe for a peasant and gifts him jewels … which were stolen … from Prince Svan … who finds out and demands that Prince Ivandoe and Bert be captured! A Hooded Stranger from Prince Ivandoe’s past also seeks revenge by attempting to ruin his perfect princely appearance… Premiere: Monday, 31 July @ 16:45 CAT ⏰ Tune in: Mondays – Fridays @ 16:45 CAT Also available on DStv Catch Up

July 31, 2023

NAVIGATING THE ERA OF INTERNET HEALTH CARE

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, delves into the pros and cons of internet health care, explores the signs and symptoms of internet abuse and its impact on overall health, provides available treatments, and highlights the need for balanced Internet use. “The digital age has transformed many aspects of our lives, including healthcare. Internet health care, the provision of medical information and services through online platforms, offers convenience and accessibility,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “However, it also presents potential challenges and risks. understanding the potential effects, individuals can make informed choices for their well-being in the digital realm.” Pros of Internet Health Care Accessibility: The internet enables individuals to access health information, resources, and telemedicine services from the comfort of their homes, bridging geographical barriers and promoting health equity. Convenience and Time-Saving: Internet health care provides convenient access to virtual doctor consultations, appointment scheduling, and prescription refills, saving time and reducing the need for physical visits to healthcare facilities. Health Education: Online platforms offer a wealth of health information, empowering individuals to learn about preventive measures, chronic condition management, and lifestyle modifications. Peer Support and Community: Internet health care connects individuals with similar health concerns through online communities, fostering support, empathy, and the exchange of experiences and coping strategies. Cons of Internet Health Care Misinformation and Inaccurate Advice: The vast amount of health information available online makes it challenging to discern reliable sources, leading to potential misinformation and incorrect self-diagnosis or treatment. Lack of Personalised Care: Virtual consultations may not provide the same level of personal interaction and physical examinations as in-person visits, potentially compromising accurate diagnosis and treatment plans. Privacy and Security Risks: Sharing personal health information online carries inherent privacy and security risks, raising concerns about data breaches and unauthorised access to sensitive medical data. Digital Divide: Not everyone has equal access to the internet and digital devices, which may exacerbate health inequalities and limit the benefits of internet health care for certain populations. Signs and Symptoms of Internet Abuse and Decline of Health Excessive reliance on the internet for health-related matters can lead to negative consequences. Signs and symptoms of internet abuse and its impact on health include: Cyberchondria: Excessive online health-related searches and hypervigilance about symptoms, leading to anxiety, self-diagnosis, and unnecessary medical investigations. Social Isolation: Excessive time spent online may result in neglecting real-life relationships and social interactions, leading to loneliness and isolation. Sedentary Lifestyle: Engaging in excessive screen time can contribute to a sedentary lifestyle, leading to weight gain, poor posture, and musculoskeletal problems. Poor Mental Health: Online harassment, cyberbullying, and exposure to triggering content can adversely affect mental well-being, contributing to stress, anxiety, and depression. Treatment and Management If internet abuse begins to impact an individual’s health, several steps can be taken: Digital Detox: Set boundaries and allocate dedicated time away from screens to engage in offline activities, socialise, and prioritise self-care. Healthy Internet Habits: Practice critical evaluation of online information, seek reputable sources, and engage in positive online communities that promote support and well-being. Professional Support: Seek help from mental health professionals if internet abuse leads to mental health concerns, such as anxiety, depression, or addiction. Worldwide Stats on Internet Usage and Health Internet usage and its impact on health are significant global concerns. According to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), as of 2021, around 59% of the global population has access to the internet. However, the specific statistics on internet health care usage and its effects on health are still emerging and require further research and analysis. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading provider of health insurance, offering you a range of options at affordable rates including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, your budget, and your lifestyle. Our range of healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service at all times. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

July 31, 2023

DRINKING COULD SEND YOU TO AN EARLY GRAVE

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, explores the devastating impact alcohol can have on your health. Alcohol consumption is responsible for nearly 3 million fatalities each year, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). This figure accounts for 5.3% of all deaths worldwide. Focussing specifically on South Africa, research conducted in 2018 by the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) revealed an estimated 5 to 6 million South Africans suffer from alcohol addiction or abuse. This accounts for 10% to 12% of the population. Aside from the immediate dangers of alcohol intake, such as impaired judgement and an increased chance of accidents, the long-term consequences of alcohol on the body are severe and can be lethal. Raise a Glass to Your Health? Here are just a few of the devastating consequences alcohol can have on your body: Liver Damage When you consume alcohol, it is absorbed into your bloodstream through the walls of your stomach and small intestine. From there, it travels to your liver, which works to break down the alcohol into less toxic substances and remove it from your body. As alcohol is metabolised in the liver, it produces a toxic substance called acetaldehyde, which can cause damage to the liver and lead to illnesses such as cirrhosis, a potentially fatal disease that can result in liver failure. Cancers Alcohol intake increases the risk of getting liver, breast, and colon cancers. Even moderate alcohol intake, according to the American Cancer Society, can raise a woman’s risk of developing breast cancer. Cardiovascular Illness Heavy alcohol use is also linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. According to the American Heart Association, excessive alcohol intake can result in high blood pressure, heart failure, and stroke. Diabetes Alcohol intake might raise the risk of acquiring type 2 diabetes. This chronic illness can cause a variety of health concerns. Reduced Brain Activity Alcohol is also a central nervous system depressant. It can slow down brain activity and affect mood, thinking, and behaviour. Initially, alcohol can produce feelings of relaxation and euphoria. As you continue to drink, it can lead to impaired judgment, slurred speech, and difficulty with balance and coordination. Mental Well-being Heavy drinking can increase the likelihood of developing depression and anxiety and intensify symptoms in people with these problems. Alcohol intake is also frequently associated with domestic violence and interpersonal aggression. 5 Alcohol Addiction Symptoms Alcohol addiction, also known as alcoholism, is a complex disease that can develop over time and be difficult to recognise. Many people with alcohol addiction may try to hide or deny their symptoms. However, understanding the signs and symptoms of alcohol addiction is crucial for seeking help and beginning the road to recovery. Drinking despite negative consequences: If someone continues to drink even though they know that it is causing problems in their personal or professional life, such as relationship problems, work issues, or legal troubles, this can be a sign of alcohol addiction. Cravings and loss of control: A strong desire or urge to drink, or feeling like you cannot stop drinking once you start, can be a sign of alcohol addiction. This can lead to binge drinking or drinking to the point of blacking out. Withdrawal symptoms: When someone stops drinking or reduces their alcohol consumption, they may experience withdrawal symptoms such as shaking, sweating, nausea, or anxiety. This can be a sign of physical alcohol dependence. Tolerance: Over time, someone with an alcohol addiction may need to drink more alcohol to achieve the same effects as before. This can lead to an increased risk of health problems and more severe withdrawal symptoms. Loss of interest in other activities: Someone with alcohol addiction may begin to prioritise drinking over other activities that they used to enjoy, such as hobbies, socialising with friends, or spending time with family. This can signify a more significant problem and may indicate the need for professional help. How To Reduce Alcohol Consumption There are many strategies that individuals can use to reduce their alcohol consumption. These include setting limits on the amount of alcohol consumed, avoiding binge drinking, and seeking help if necessary. “Alcohol abuse and addiction are significant issues in South Africa, with several factors contributing to the problem. These include a high poverty level, high stress and trauma, and the easy availability of alcohol,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “If you are struggling with alcohol addiction or abuse, it is important to seek professional help before alcohol negatively affects your health.” About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

July 31, 2023

Routines are they really necessary

We know that having a routine is important for children in their early developmental years, but let’s unpack why it is so beneficial to their overall level of well-being. Young children do not have a concept of time and thus they cannot judge the passing of minutes, hours and days. The only way they can understand the passing of time is through events e.g. nap time, dinner time, bath time, bed-time, play-time, story-time etc. This understanding of the sequence of different events in their day gives them a sense of predictability and structure which makes them feel more secure in that they know what to expect. Just as routine and predictability are vital, experiencing change is also an important step in a child’s development. Having a set routine and a strong sense of security in that routine allows children to be able to approach any changes calmly and with confidence. Coping well with a change then helps them to develop a sense of mastery in dealing with the unexpected and as this sense of mastery is strengthened, they can then feel confident to tackle larger changes. However, without the foundation of structure and routine, they are likely to experience fear and anxiety when faced with the unknown and this will reinforce that they are not able to cope and can result in avoidance of anything unknown or unfamiliar. Here are some of the benefits of having a routine at home: Children are likely to be better sleepers if they have a regular routine for nap-times and bed-times. Their body clock can adjust to their routine making it easier for them to regulate themselves. The same is true for having regular mealtimes and they are likely to be better eaters. Having a consistent time for meals will result in better bowel routines. Children who have a set routine are less likely to have meltdowns and display extreme emotional reactions to things. This is because of the sense of predictability and safety that goes along with knowing what to expect and reduces feelings of stress and anxiety. Routines help with establishing expectations e.g. children begin to expect and complete activities without issue e.g. “after play-time we need to pack away all the toys”. This then reduces the need for parents having to nag and repeat themselves as children know exactly what is expected of them. Having a routine can help with developing healthy habits e.g. the knowledge that every day after breakfast and before bed, teeth need to be brushed! A routine at home makes it easier to adapt to a routine at school. If your child attends extra-mural activities for e.g. Toptots, it is important to stick to the weekly routine as it helps children to feel comfortable with the environment, the other people (parents and children) and with the activities. It is important to remember that programmes like Toptots (and other extra-murals) often follow a particular sequence of steps and each week builds on the skills of the previous week.

July 31, 2023

How To Encourage Your Baby’s Mobility

When we talk about your baby’s mobility, what ideas come to your mind? Things like, rolling, crawling, walking, etc. All of these things involve the large or gross muscles in the body & so to encourage mobility, we do exercises that strengthen your baby’s body from quite an early age. Now, it’s a bit like doing some strength training at gym – on the first visit, you’re not going to go for the heaviest weights, otherwise, you can cause some injury. You’re fist going to do the basics first & build on top of that. It’s the same with your baby. We’re going to talk about each stage & what’s appropriate for each stage. The reason why I will talk about stages & give approximate ages is for 2 reasons: Premature babies’ chronological age (i.e. number of weeks & months of age) is different to their developmental age, because they had less time to develop physically in the womb. Each child is different in terms of their development & this is still healthy. Control over the body From birth onwards, your baby will develop physically by first learning to control his / her head, slowly growing stronger down the trunk of the body & the legs. That’s why you’ll see that your baby will first learn to control his / her arms & only later his / her legs. Babies also gain control of their bodies from the centre outwards, which is why your baby will first learn to bat or try to swipe a toy & only later discover that he / she can move & control his / her fingers independently. Here, we do exercises to strengthen baby’s neck, shoulder & back muscles, for example, lying baby on his / her tummy. Often babies do not enjoy the experience when you first start placing them on their tummies, but with practice & stronger neck & shoulder muscles, they will enjoy the tummy time. When you do place baby on his / her tummy to begin with, you can roll a small blanket & place it under baby’s chest, but with his / her arms in front of it, so that your baby is not completely flat on his / her tummy. Remember: Not to place baby on his / her tummy just after a feed, because the pressure on the tummy could cause the milk to reflux out Only to place baby on his / her tummy when she / he is happy Even a minute or two to begin with will help to build his / her muscles & you can gradually increase the time as your baby’s muscles become stronger We do quite a few different tummy exercises in my workshop, but one example for a nearly 4 month old baby is: For mom to lie on her back & hold her baby so that baby & mom’s tummies are touching Mom asks “Where’s my baby?” & lifts baby’s face to her face and says “There you are!” Repeat Mom asks “where’s my baby?” & lifts baby up high above her face & says “Up high, high, high!” This also helps stimulate your baby’s vestibular system – so he / she can feel movement & his / her body’s position in space & it gives moms a good work out for tummy muscles too! Learning to roll As your baby becomes stronger & stronger at moving & controlling his head, he / she will start to turn his / her head around to see interesting things & his / her legs will start to follow the head. This ability to twist at the waist is important in order to learn how to roll, sit & crawl. Between the age of 4 & 6 months, your baby will start to roll from tummy onto his / her back & also from back on to tummy. An exercise that I do in my workshop to encourage rolling is to: Hold both of your baby’s hands together in one hand & both baby’s feet together in your other hand. Gently rock your baby from side to side Can later just hold the feet together & gently roll your baby over Learning to sit At around the age of 6 months, your baby will learn to sit. They key to sitting is for your baby to learn how to balance his / her body & your baby will have a few crash dives before he / she masters balancing for sitting. So it’s important to make sure that your baby is well supported by things like cushions & is under supervision preferably on a softer surface e.g. a soft carpet / rug vs a hard, tiled floor. Some ways to support your baby while learning to sit are: Put your baby in the Tailor pose – feet together & knees open & carrying his / her weight on her hands You can place pillows all around your baby or you can sit with your baby between your bent legs either facing you or facing away from you Again there are many different exercises that we do in my workshops to encourage balance. One really fun one that we do for 5 month old babies & which even older toddlers will love is using a towel. Here we simply place baby on his / her tummy on a towel & drag the towel around the room. It’s important that your baby faces you, because he / she may feel a little anxious about this game the first time & will look for the expression on your face for reassurance. Learning to Crawl If your baby has spent lots of time on his / her tummy, once he / she has learnt how to sit, he / she will first learn to pull themselves forward from the sitting position to all fours. Once comfortable on all fours, your baby may start rocking on all fours and later crawling backwards. Soon thereafter

July 28, 2023

Five reasons why you should embrace your natural hair

Beauty may be in the eye of the beholder, but that doesn’t stop society from trying to influence what we consider beautiful. In the past, beauty standards were largely defined by celebs and cover girls. Today, social media and its use of filters and photo editing apps plays a major role in how we define beauty. Suddenly everybody looks airbrushed, with perfect skin and not a hair out of place. If you’ve ever felt overwhelmed by the influx of “perfect” images on your news feed, you’re not alone. The unrealistic beauty standards portrayed online have left many women feeling insecure. Luckily, things seem to be changing – and fast. The natural beauty movement is growing at a rapid pace, and we’re here for it! Thanks to more and more celebrities and influencers embracing the #nofilter trend, natural beauty is finally getting the spotlight it deserves as we’re beginning to see an influx of filter-free and make-up free images on our screens. Naturally Africa Hair Care believes that natural is better, and that each and every one of us is born with natural beauty. We just have to learn to embrace it. Many women avoid wearing their hair in its natural state because of the extra care and maintenance required to transition. In a time-pressed world, no one can be blamed for going with the most convenient option. However, most women who have transitioned to natural hair will tell you that once they established a routine that worked for them, it was the best decision they ever made. Here are five reasons to embrace your hair and to go natural: #1 It is liberating Some women find the idea of transitioning to natural hair daunting, and we can understand why. During the transitioning phase you may have a bit of an awkward time with your hair while you navigate a new routine. However, once you get past that, having natural hair is incredibly liberating! There is something so beautiful about embracing your natural beauty and wearing it with pride (plus, no more relaxer burns, hair glue or sew-ins is pretty great too). #2 It allows for healthier hair Going natural is a commitment to healthier hair. Once you start seeing your hair’s texture change during the transitional phase, you’ll be empowered by your decision. Chemical relaxers weaken the hair shaft, and with long-term use they may permanently alter the structure of your hair. This could lead to breakage, dehydration and split ends. When you stop applying harsh chemicals to your hair and start using products with gentler and natural formulations, not only will you enjoy softer hair that holds moisture, but you may also see faster and stronger hair growth. #3 It offers versatility One of the biggest perks of natural hair is that it is so versatile when it comes to different hairstyles. Natural hair offers endless possibilities. Some women enjoy protective styles (think braids and Bantu knots) while others may prefer an afro, waves, curls, updo’s and more. The options are endless and you can chop and change to suit your mood (or your outfit!). #4 It is inexpensive Between routine salon visits and buying tools, accessories and products, hair care can become very expensive. Natural hair, on the other hand, is surprisingly affordable. You’ll need to be equipped with some good quality home care products, but thanks to Naturally Africa Hair Care, these won’t break the bank. #5 It is easy to maintain Yes, there is some maintenance to be done when you first transition to natural hair, but as time goes by, you’ll find that with the proper care, it’s actually really easy to manage. Establishing an effective home care regime is easier than you may expect. We recommend starting with the basics – you can build on from there and establish extra products your hair may require as you go along. A basic routine consists of cleansing, conditioning or deep conditioning and a moisture-sealing product. Naturally Africa boasts an effective range of hair care products filled with nourishing ingredients. We recommend starting with these basics: Naturally Africa Conditioning Shampoo This 95% naturally-derived shampoo is mild, gentle and sulphate-free. Infused with sunflower oil, jojoba esters and vegetable proteins, you can look forward to soft, smooth, shiny, hydrated and cleansed hair. It is a 3-in-1 product that removes build-up, assists in detangling your hair and adds lightweight conditioning. Recommended for split ends, dry, damaged and textured hair. Naturally Africa Leave In Conditioner Nourish your hair from root to tip with this lightweight Leave In Conditioner. Infused with jojoba and vegetable protein, this restorative formulation seals in moisture, leaving your hair and scalp soothed and hydrated. Assisting with manageability, this formulation offers heat protection and improves colour wash fastness of dyed hair. Naturally Africa Hair & Scalp Oil This Hair & Scalp Oil has a lightweight, non-greasy formula that consists of a multi-blend of natural derived ingredients including castor oil, tea tree oil, sweet almond oil and vitamin E. Assisting with a healthy canvas, this unique oil adds lustre, shine and glossiness to your look while sealing in moisture. It is recommended for dry hair, scalp care and split ends. However you choose to wear your hair, remember that confidence is the best hairstyle! About Naturally Africa Hair Care Naturally Africa was born in Muizenberg, a vibrant coastal community in Cape Town. Founded to support and redefine the textured hair community, Naturally Africa offers a range of gentle yet effective products. The range assists in tending to and transforming your gorgeous hair, naturally. The products are 95% naturally derived and green, and every item in the collection is vegan and cruelty-free. Learn more: https://naturallyafricahaircare.com Follow: @naturallyafricahaircare

July 28, 2023

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