Advice Column - Parenting Hub

Leading Expert Advice from Curro Online

Advice from the experts

WHAT IS A “LAZY” EYE?

Amblyopia better known as “lazy eye” occurs when the vision in a child’s one eye doesn’t develop like it should. If it is not treated promptly the brain will only process the picture from the normal eye and learn to ignore the picture from the lazy eye. It is in fact the leading cause of visual impairment in children and affects approximately 2 to 3 out of every 100 children. What are the possible causes? Amblyopia commonly starts when one eye has a much better focus than the other. This can be caused by a number of conditions * such as: Strabismus (squint) –This is the most common cause of amblyopia. It occurs when the eyes don’t line up properly, for example, one-eye turns in towards the nose or it turns out towards the ears. The eyes cannot focus together on an image so the brain compensates by switching off whichever eye produces the fuzziest image. Unequal Refractive Errors or focus – Refractive amblyopia occurs when the brain favours one eye over the other due to extreme near-sightedness, far-sightedness or even astigmatism *. The brain gets a blurry image from the eye with the refractive error and a clear image from the normal eye, so to stop the confusion; it starts to ignore the eye with the blurry image. Vision Obstruction – This is also known as deprivation amblyopia. This occurs when something blocks light from entering a baby’s eye. Common causes include cataracts, scars and blood at the back of the eye. How is it Diagnosed? Amblyopia can be difficult to spot because it doesn’t have any external signs or symptoms and it begins in infancy or early childhood. Because of this some experts recommend that children have their eyes tested at six months, then at three years and again before they start school. Some clues that amblyopia may be present include: Observing a baby’s behaviour when one eye is blocked; if the baby continuously and constantly fusses or cries, it might indicate a vision problem. Squinting eyes can also be another clue that amblyopia may be present. Because amblyopia often affects one eye only, the parents may notice that the child constantly bumps into objects on the affected side.* If amblyopia runs in the family, the child is more likely to get it. Remember, you can’t tell by just looking at a child that they have it, and although these clues might give a suggestion of amblyopia, a full examination is needed to make an accurate diagnosis. This is essential so that prompt treatment can be started to try and prevent irreversible vision loss. How is it treated? The most common form of treatment for amblyopia is to retrain the brain to start using the weaker eye. This is done by firstly correcting any focusing problems with glasses or surgery (when needed) and then wearing a patch over the stronger eye. Sometimes eye drops are also prescribed to blur the image in the stronger eye, forcing the brain to use the weaker eye. What’s the long-term outlook? Amblyopia can lead to problems* if left untreated, such as loss of depth perception or blindness in one eye. If the stronger eye gets injured somehow, then serious problems with visual acuity can follow. With early diagnosis and treatment, most children’s vision will improve. It becomes increasingly difficult to treat after the age of 10 and therefore it is so Important to catch it early!

August 24, 2023

Accounting myths unmasked

Mention the word ‘Accounting’ to a high school student and many will turn a paler shade of grey and want to run a mile. Of course, there are the few lucky ones, like me, who get excited because numbers are their best friend and they’ve managed to manoeuvre their way through the accounting ‘mysteries’ with skill and mastery. I find it incredibly sad that Accounting is so misunderstood, as it actually is an incredibly wonderful and useful language to learn. I hope to debunk some of those myths here. Myth #1: Accounting is hard It really isn’t. Although it can often be experienced as difficult by many, this is usually because it hasn’t been introduced correctly. In fact, most teachers probably don’t even realise how simple the underlying principle of double-entry is – it took me about fifteen years to figure out the fact that debits and credits arise from the two sides of the accounting equation, then another fifteen for the penny to really drop when I finally realised that ‘debit’ and ‘credit’ are simply derivations of the Italian and / or Latin for ‘own / owed to me’ (debere / debitum) and ‘owed to others’ (credere / creditum). If only someone had shown this to me years ago, as I’ve just done in a short video for Accounting students. Together with a good understanding that the purpose of Accounting is reporting to stakeholders by preparing financial statements based on the principles of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), all Accounting problems are easily solvable. Myth #2: Accounting is boring Yes, recording endless transactions in journals is boring, BUT this is bookkeeping, not Accounting. Bookkeeping in practice is usually computerised and relatively simple using Quickbooks, Xero or similar. Accounting involves the preparation of financial statements according to IFRS principles. Determining the underlying reasons for treating transactions in different ways requires analytical and logical thought. Analysing financial statements can be likened to colouring a ‘paint-by-number’ picture – as different ratios and calculations are applied to the numbers, a hidden picture of the actual workings of the business emerges. Zombie companies are uncovered and financial mismanagement and shenanigans are exposed. Edcon’s demise could easily be predicted by looking at its equity in the financial statements as early as 2012. Steinhoff’s disreputable financials with negative equity figures for the past few years are a large sign, ‘beware!’ Likewise, clever strategies for business success can be identified and learnt from, and companies ripe for profitable investments discovered. Myth #3: There is only one correct way to record transactions Not at all. In fact, as long as you have the correct end destination as your goal i.e. fair presentation of performance and financial position according to IFRS, how you get there is completely up to you. This myth is probably the reason many universities sometimes prefer students with no Accounting background, so that they don’t come in with only one method in mind and are unable to deviate and adapt to alternative approaches that are used. Much like meeting a friend on holiday does not require you both to travel the same path to get there, every syllabus or curriculum uses a different approach for the processing of transactions. CAPS and IEB use the perpetual inventory system with Debtors’ and Creditors’ control accounts as part of double-entry and subsidiary ledgers as extra. Cambridge school accounting uses the periodic inventory system with a cash book as part of the general ledger and individual supplier and customer accounts as part of double-entry, with control accounts introduced as extra. Every single university in South Africa uses a slightly different approach and terminology, and business practice uses computerised packages that are each different in how transactions are recorded and processed. Students who are unaware of the variety of options can become ridiculously confused, but if they are exposed to different options, they are able to hone in on the important Accounting concepts based on IFRS principles without being distracted by the variety of approaches. Myth #4: You don’t need Accounting at school to study a BCom / BAccSci / BBusSci Technically, you don’t. Students are accepted for these courses at most South African universities with just Maths and English as requirements. However, students who have not been exposed to Accounting at school are severely disadvantaged. Yes, school Accounting may be covered in the first few weeks of a business degree. Enough said. The concepts at university are more complex, and if the basics are not understood in the excitement of a new student life with all its distractions, most students who did not take the subject at school struggle and often have to repeat. Most of my first year extra lessons are to students who did not take Accounting at school – in all my years of teaching I have only had one first-year student who did Accounting at school and still needed help in first year. Research into the correlation between taking Accounting at school and success in first year Financial Accounting is varied and conclusions differ, but seem to support my personal hypothesis that if students are made aware of the flexibility of possible approaches, prior exposure is definitely beneficial. Moral of the story? Encourage any child interested in studying a business degree to take Accounting at school … with a varied approach, logical explanations and the end goal of financial statements prepared according to IFRS principles in mind, of course! Those parties with an interest in the continued success of the business, and who can affect / be affected by the actions of the business. Yes, this is an actual term relating to businesses that are surviving on borrowed money, paying interest but unable to make the repayments. This research shows that statistical data indicated that Accounting taken at school contributed significantly more to success in the Accounting module at Stellenbosch University. This research showed top performers were those who took Accounting at school, had Afrikaans as a home language and worked hard. This

August 24, 2023

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOUR CHILD CAN’T SOUND OUT A WORD?

“Help Mom, I am stuck on this word?” What is your first reaction, “just sound it out”. Good advice? Actually, not that good. Sounding it out is not always the best strategy for figuring out a word. Learning to read individual words is hard work and not always as easy as parents may think. There are words that a child can memorise: these are called sight words. But there are a whole lot more words that children have to decode or figure out. So what should a parent do when their child comes across a word he doesn’t know or may have seen it once or twice but has not committed to memory yet? Tell them to sound it out, NOT ALWAYS. I am not saying phonics is not useful. It is imperative that children know their letters and the sounds they make, but as a strategy or way to figure out unfamiliar words it doesn’t always work. I suggest you read on and see how many more strategies you can try use to help your child attack those tricky words. Here are some more useful word attack strategies: Picture clues – ‘look at the picture; it will help you figure out this tricky word.’ Beginning Sounds – look at the first letter together, ‘do you know that letter, do you know a word that starts with that letter, what sound does it make’? Chunking – ‘can you find a small word in this big word?’ Let’s read that small word. Cover the first part of the word, read, cover the last part of the word and read. Now put the words together and read’ Context – Use the meaning of the sentence to try figure out the unfamiliar word, e.g. “Peter is reading the ……. Answer: book”. Let your child predict or ‘guess’ the word ‘book’ based on the context of the sentence. Helpful Hint: build vocabulary to maximise this strategy. Stretching the word – ‘use your finger as you try read the word. Look at it slowly’ Rhyming – ‘this word is tricky but it does rhyme with another word on this page. Can you read this word (parent points to other rhyming word), well done, now swop the first letter and read the other word. They rhyme, well done, can you hear the rhyme.’ Go over the rhyming set together to practice. Use the squiggles around the words as clues (Literacy conventions = question mark and capital letters) e.g. if there is a question mark at the end of the sentence, the unfamiliar word could be ‘what’ ‘where’ ‘how’ ‘when’ or ‘why’; if there is a capital letter in the middle of the sentence the unfamiliar word could be a name of a person/place ) Miss it out and come back – ‘this word is tricky, leave it out for now and keep on reading. Come back to this tricky word once you have finished reading the sentence.’ Ask someone – do not let your child struggle too much, encourage him to ask for HELP if he can’t figure it out. Helpful Hint: It takes practice to use these strategies, so give help as it is required, however, instead of just giving the answer straight away model a strategy your child can use and read it together using this strategy. As children gain confidence they will use a strategy on their own next time. Keep a balance of you helping your child and your child helping himself! It needs to sense – ‘Did that sentence make sense?’ Repeat the sentence to your child using his mistake let him tell you which word doesn’t sound right. ‘As you read this time listen to your words and make sure they make sense’. Helpful Hint: this is a fairly advanced strategy, comes with lots of practice. Keep modelling it as the fluent reader. Try these out; you will be surprised as to how well they work. I call it giving your kid a READING TOOLBOX. Best thing you can do for your beginner reader. Actually it’s the second best thing, the BEST THING you can do for your beginner reader is read to/with or him every day.

August 23, 2023

Five Things You Haven’t Thought About Before Your Baby Comes

Here’s a list of five less thought about items before your baby arrives: 1. Gap Cover For many, it may come as a shock to realise that even if you have medical aid, you could be faced with additional medical costs that having a baby can bring to the table. Gap cover provides extra financial protection and closes the gap between what specialists charge and what your medical aid is prepared to pay, ensuring that you can afford the care that you and your family deserve and need. Top Tip: Gap cover providers appoint a 10-month exclusionary waiting period on pregnancy and childbirth, so be sure this is something you include into the planning stages of starting a family. 2. Where there’s a will… Like Life Insurance, it’s one of those things we don’t like to think about, but if you’re going to become a parent, getting a will should be right up there with deciding on baby’s name or which pram to buy. Without one, you would have no say over who should care for your little bundle in the event of your death or what they will inherit from you and who should look after this inheritance until they’re old enough to look after it for themselves. Top Tip: Unless you have multiple assets and numerous issues that require a lawyer, you can draw up a will yourself online within minutes. 3. Save, save, and save some more Welcoming a baby into the world will have a significant impact on your finances. Being proactive when planning will help you to direct, save, and protect your wealth and is essential in preparation for raising and sustaining a child – not to mention the optional luxuries like a night nurse or whether your Mother-in-Law is up for babysitting. Consider borrowing items that the baby will use for short periods of time and look out for car seats and cots that are convertible, meaning you will save on large purchases in the future. Top Tip: Consider opening a tax-free savings account and setting up a monthly debit order to assist you with the discipline and frequency of saving. 4. Baby proof your life As you are heading to the final stretch, the nesting phase will start to kick in. While you will be inspired (again) to clean, organise and rearrange the nursery and house in preparation, don’t overlook the safety around the house. You may think you have time, but in the blink of an eye, that tiny baby is going to be digging under things or doing weird things like chewing on furniture legs so now is the time to cover those sharp corners, clear out/raise any indoor plants, and cover up plug points across the house. Top Tip: Go down to tummy time level to make sure that there are no heavy objects on high cabinets or counters that can topple over once baby starts moving around. 5. Insure your life It can be easy to put off big tasks until tomorrow (which never comes), so if “sign up for life insurance” is toward the bottom of your pre-baby to-do list, now is the time to push that right to the top. Even though the last thing you want to be thinking about is the possibility of your family needing to use your life insurance policy, not being able to provide for your child or leaving your partner with the financial burden of having to do so alone, is a far less pleasant thought. Top Tip: There are many factors to consider when getting life insurance so it’s best to see what kind of cover you need (and don’t need) with an insurer like Sanlam Indie – With Sanlam Indie you can get covered in 10 minutes, so there’s no time like the present. Bonus Tip: Stock up on groceries “Why?” you ask. Short answer… to save your sanity! Stock up on essentials such as coffee (the only thing you will really need), easy oven/frozen dishes, crackers, butter, and milk so you have them on hand, as well as some fresh foods such as fruits and veggies to snack on that will help you power through the chaos of those first whirlwind weeks (don’t forget the chocolate Mom). Top Tip: Bottled water is another important thing to buy in bulk so make sure to buy enough for the first few weeks. “Providing for your child isn’t just about taking care of their current needs; it’s about preparing for their future needs too.” – Edwin Theron, CEO at Sanlam Indie

August 23, 2023

GETTING THE STIMULATION BALANCE RIGHT WITH YOUR BABY

Stimulation is important for brain development – of that we are sure. The connections (synapses) that are made between brain cells are vital for development. For example a connection in the language part of the brain will result in understanding of speech or in speech itself. Connections are mainly made between brain cells in the presence of stimulation.

August 23, 2023

How to use a breast pump: 12 top tips

Learning how to use a breast pump can take time and dedication, but is well worth the effort. Read our expert breast pumping tips to help set you on the path to successful expressing. Like any skill worth having, it might take you a bit of time to get the hang of using a breast pump. The key is to be patient, even if you’re not able to express as much as you’d like right away. After all, a breast pump won’t stimulate the same feelings in you as your baby does. But, with time, your body will usually learn to trigger your let-down reflex when you pump, and the quantity of milk you express should increase. 1: There’s no need to rush to start pumping… In the first four weeks, you and your baby work together to initiate and build your milk supply. If your baby is healthy and breastfeeding is going well, you won’t need a pump to help with this. Pumping is, however, really helpful if you need to be apart from your baby any time (see tip below). If not, enjoy this time with your baby and be reassured that even if you plan to pump regularly in future, there’s no need to ‘train’ your body to express milk in the first few weeks. 2: …unless your baby is unable to breastfeed If your baby can’t feed directly from the breast, perhaps because she’s premature or has special needs, or you are separated for any reason, start double pumping breast milk as soon as you can after the birth. Research shows that starting to express within the first few hours (when a healthy newborn would usually have her first breastfeed) helps mums produce a higher volume of milk in the early days and weeks,1,2 giving their babies the best chance of being fed exclusively on mother’s milk. If you’re expecting your baby (or babies) to be born pre-term, in need of intensive care, or to have a condition that might make breastfeeding difficult, prepare yourself. Contact Lorraine at [email protected] or 011 445 3300 for advice about breastfeeding or book a full consultation with her online at www.medela.co.za to help you choose the right equipment to prepare yourself for special feeding conditions. There will probably be a hospital-grade double breast pump at your hospital or birth facility, so ask staff to show you how to use it. It’s important to remove milk from your breasts whenever your baby would normally drink – this means your breasts will still get the message to make milk. Aim for eight to 10 pumping sessions every 24 hours at first, and continue this frequency once your milk comes in. 3: Time it right For your first breast-pumping session, express for at least 15 minutes. Don’t worry if you don’t collect much milk at first – regular extra suction should soon stimulate your breasts to produce more milk. Some mums find pumping one hour after a feed gives the greatest milk yield, others prefer to pump straight after every second feed – try expressing at different times to see when best fits your lifestyle. When you find times that work for you, stick with them so your body gets used to your breast pump use and the extra demand on your milk supply. You may be tempted to extend the time between expressions in a bid to collect larger volumes of milk. However, if you wait until your breasts are full one pumping session won’t drain them very well, so the key is to pump frequently and regularly. 4: Be hygienic Always wash your hands before and after breast pumping, and clean any pump parts that have been in contact with your milk or your baby’s mouth. You will also need to sanitise them after cleaning at least once a day. Be sure to allow all the pieces to completely dry and you can then store the pump set in a clear bag or container until next use. 5: Be prepared To avoid interrupting your breast-pumping session, have everything you need close by before you start. You might want a drink and snack, your phone or TV remote, bottles or milk storage bags for your expressed milk, and a muslin cloth to soak up any drips. Try the Medela Milk Storage Bags for a convenient way to store, carry and warm expressed breast milk. They have a double zip protection and double walls to ensure no leaks, and the heat-sealed seams guarantee no tearing, splitting or cracking. A specially designed breast pumping bra allows you to keep your hands free, making it much easier to operate the controls and do other things while you express. 6: Make yourself comfortable The best position for pumping is one in which you feel at ease. Being relaxed is essential for the release of the hormone oxytocin, which stimulates your let-down reflex. Discomfort and distractions can hamper this process, so choose somewhere private and comfortable, and make sure your arms and back are well supported as you pump. If you’re not using a pumping bra, hold your breast shield between your thumb and index finger, and use your palm and other fingers to support your breast. Hold the breast shield gently against the breast – pressing too hard could compress your breast tissue and obstruct milk flow. Medela’s PersonalFit™ Breast shields play a key role in pumping comfort and efficiency. Shields are available in different sizes and is shaped around you so you can easily adjust the way your breast shield fits to find the most comfortable pumping position. Some mums find deep breathing, soothing music, visualisation techniques, or having their partner massage their back and shoulders, can help them express more milk. 7: Kick-start your let down Most Medela electric and battery-operated breast pumps have 2-Phase Expression technology, which mimics the way your baby feeds (with fast, light sucking followed by slower and stronger sucks), to help trigger your let down. Massaging your breasts before

August 23, 2023

What Causes nappy rash and how to know when to spot it

What causes nappy rash? The most common cause of nappy rash is when your baby’s skin becomes inflamed after contact with the chemicals in urine or faeces. Nappy rash is likely to occur if nappies are not changed often enough or if your baby has diarrhoea. However, if your baby has particularly sensitive skin, it can occur even when the nappy area is frequently cleaned. Sometimes friction caused by the nappy rubbing against your baby’s delicate skin or washing detergents that have not been thoroughly rinsed out of terry nappies (reusable nappies) can also cause nappy rash to the develop. When is nappy rash more likely to occur? Nappy rash can affect your baby’s bottom at any time and the reasons can be unclear. Particularly as some babies naturally have more sensitive skin and may be more prone to the condition. However, there are certain times when babies are especially susceptible to nappy rash, such as: During teething. Changing from breast to bottle feeding. When your baby feels unwell. (If your baby has a cold, their stools may be soft; meaning that nappy rash may be more likely to occur.) After antibiotics (Which can upset a baby’s digestive system causing diarrhoea.) Starting on solid foods. Sleeping a full night for the first time (Meaning that their nappy may be changed less often.) Drinking cow’s milk for the first time. How to spot nappy rash You can often quickly detect nappy rash by looking for these effects: A slight redness in the nappy area(This tends not to affect the skin folds.) Your baby’s bottom and upper thighs can become red and moist Skin can also become sore, spotty and hot to touch Patches of dry, flaky skin may also develop In more severe cases, blisters and pus-filled spots may appear. Nappy rash can be soothed, protected from coming back by using the Sudocrem at every nappy change. Types of nappy rash Normal nappy rash The most common occurrence of nappy rash is when the skin looks red and sore, and can almost appear shiny. This is usually caused by your baby’s bottom being in contact with a dirty nappy for a prolonged period or if the baby has a bout of diarrhoea. It is often the combination of urine and faeces which causes the most irritation. Mild nappy rash should disappear after a few days of following the steps above — sometimes it can go over night. Fungal nappy rash Different types of nappy rash require different treatments. A fungal nappy rash is a form of thrush and treatment is often an anti-fungal cream which your GP will need to prescribe. This should be applied thinly to the affected area. The fungal rash shows as tiny red spots and the genitals can appear swollen and can sometimes occur if your baby is on antibiotics. It is important that, if the nappy rash is fungal, you avoid your usual barrier cream as this can make the condition worse. If you are unsure, ask your GP or Health Visitor for advice. Bacterial nappy rash A bacterial nappy rash shows as infected spots or pimples and your baby is likely to have a fever. It can develop from a normal nappy rash when the skin has broken and an infection has developed because of bacteria entering the broken skin. This type of nappy rash may well need antibiotics so you should see your GP for treatment advice and monitoring as soon as possible. Use Sudocrem Skin and Baba Care Cream at every nappy change to soothe irritated skin and to prevent nappy rash from occurring. Sudocrem is available in 60g, 125g, 250g and 400g tubs and can be purchased at Baby City, Dis-Chem Pharmacies, Clicks, other major retailer outlet near you and online.

August 22, 2023

WARM UP YOUR WINTER WITH 10 NUTRITIOUS FOODS FOR A HEALTHY SEASON

As the winter chill settles in, Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, highlights ten healthy winter foods that can help fortify our immune system, boost energy levels, and promote a healthy lifestyle. “During the winter months, it’s essential to focus on nutrient-rich foods that support our immune system and overall health,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “By including winter fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins in our meals, we can fuel our bodies with the necessary nutrients to thrive during the colder months.” Here are the top 10 food recommendations from Affinity Health to help you stay healthy during winter. Citrus Fruits: Bursting with vitamin C, citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruits are winter powerhouses. They boost our immune system and fight off colds and flu. Enjoy them as a snack, or add them to salads, smoothies, or warm herbal teas. Winter Squash: Winter squash varieties like butternut, acorn, and kabocha are rich in fibre, antioxidants, and vitamins. They offer a lovely and hearty addition to winter meals. Roast, mash, or turn them into soups and stews for a dose of nourishing goodness. Dark Leafy Greens: Greens such as kale, spinach, and Swiss chard are packed with essential nutrients like iron, calcium, and vitamins A and K. Incorporate them into soups, stir-fries, or salads for a vibrant and nutritious boost to your winter meals. Root Vegetables: Root vegetables like carrots, beets, and sweet potatoes are earthy and nutritious staples in winter. They are high in fibre, vitamins, and minerals, providing sustained energy and supporting digestive health. Roast, steam, or use them in hearty winter casseroles and stews. Oats: A comforting and versatile grain, oats are rich in fibre, protein, and essential nutrients. Start your winter mornings with a warm bowl of oatmeal topped with fruits, nuts, or spices like cinnamon and nutmeg. Oats provide long-lasting energy and promote healthy digestion. Cruciferous Vegetables: Broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, and cabbage belong to the cruciferous vegetable family. They are packed with vitamins, minerals, and disease-fighting compounds. Roast or sauté them to enhance their flavours and reap many health benefits. Soups and Stews: Warm, hearty soups and stews made with nutrient-dense ingredients are perfect for winter. Opt for homemade varieties using seasonal vegetables, legumes, and lean proteins. They provide hydration, nourishment, and comfort during the colder months. Nuts and Seeds: Nuts and seeds, such as almonds, walnuts, chia seeds, and flaxseeds, are excellent sources of healthy fats, protein, and essential nutrients. Sprinkle them on salads or yoghurts, or enjoy them as a snack to boost energy levels and support heart health. Herbal Teas: Warm up from the inside out with herbal teas like chamomile, ginger, or peppermint. They not only provide comforting flavours but also offer various health benefits. Sip on these teas to promote relaxation, aid digestion, and boost overall well-being. Fish and Seafood: Fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which support heart health, brain function, and reduce inflammation. Include them in your diet to promote a healthy heart and provide essential nutrients. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our range of healthcare products is designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

August 22, 2023

UNDERSTANDING AUTISM – EMBRACING NEURODIVERSITY

Autism, commonly known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is not merely a disorder but a celebration of neurodiversity. Affecting nearly 2% of the global population, Autism manifests uniquely in each individual, presenting a spectrum of experiences from mild to profound. Through collaborative efforts from a team of professionals at Glenoaks Remedial and Vocational School, we strive to support and uplift individuals with Autism and their families, recognising their diverse strengths and challenges. In this article we briefly explore ASD in terms of sensory processing, communication, academic support, social interactions, and the need to embrace neurodiversity, creating a world that cherishes and values every unique individual. Definition: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodiversity, not a disorder, affecting almost 2% of the global population. Diagnosis: ASD presents differently in each individual, requiring professional assessments to identify strengths and challenges. Causes: The causes of Autism are still being researched, but there is no link to vaccines. Genetic factors play a role, but genes may not be inherited. Medical vs. Social Perspective: Autism can be viewed medically as a condition with manageable symptoms or socially as an alternate way of experiencing the world. Early Detection: Paediatricians are often the first to identify neurodiversity in children, leading to referrals to a team of professionals for support. Treatment: While there is no cure for Autism, medication may help manage anxiety and other difficulties associated with ASD. Sensory Processing: People with Autism process sensory information differently, leading to specific behaviors and needs. Occupational therapists play a vital role in supporting sensory processing. Communication: Speech therapists assist in developing communication skills and understanding social cues, as people with Autism may struggle with subtle aspects of communication. Academic Support: Learners with Autism benefit from academic accommodations and support in school to maximize their learning potential and happiness. Social Challenges: People with Autism may have difficulty understanding social norms and reciprocal conversations. Speech therapists, Occupational therapists and psychologists can help improve social interaction skills. Advocacy: Individuals with Autism and their families are strong advocates for neurodiversity and should be recognized as important voices in destigmatizing Autism. Embracing Neurodiversity: Each person with Autism has unique skills and challenges, requiring individualized support for a happy and fulfilling life. Every person on the spectrum contributes an essential piece to the beautiful tapestry of humanity. By fostering understanding, empathy, and inclusive support, we can ensure that individuals with Autism thrive and flourish in a world that appreciates their unique abilities. Let us stand together as advocates for Autism, breaking down barriers, and embracing neurodiversity with open hearts and minds. Written by Julia Wood – Head of Oak House Vocational Academy – Glenoaks School

August 22, 2023

Newborn Settling, How To Encourage Newborn Sleep

There’s a lot to learn when it comes to parenting your little newborn. Gosh I remember coming home from hospital with my little baby in lots of overwhelm. I was in charge of this little being and I had absolutely no idea what I was doing! I paid close attention in the hospital to everything the midwives told me about how to care for and bath my baby. I tried hard when it came to establishing breast feeding and when I got home, I continued to follow the advice of my maternal and child health nurse as closely as I could. Things were going pretty well, given I was flying blind, but the one area I was fairly confused around was sleep. The first three weeks she slept constantly, or at least it felt like that. And I really enjoyed her sleeping on my chest and those gorgeous newborn cuddles. But after three weeks she seemed to really ‘wake up’, and I began to wonder how much she should be sleeping in her bassinette. Often when I’d tried to get her to sleep in there, I really had not had much success. If you’re a parent of a newborn I know newborn settling can be tricky. So, let me offer you some know-how and tips to guide you through this stage and encourage some healthy newborn sleep habits. Firstly, set yourself up for success. I love making sure that the room they are sleeping in is nice and dark for all their naps (definitely after 4 weeks old) and I love to use a sleep aid that offers white noise. It’s important to swaddle your newborn with a good firm swaddle that helps to stop the moro reflex such as the easy swaddle or swaddle wrap options. It’s perfectly normal in the first few weeks for babies to want to sleep on you, or in the carrier, or in the pram. If fact it can feel pretty strange for a baby to be swaddle and popped in the bassinette flat on their back. They were so compacted and cosy inside you while growing, that this flat feeling is initially pretty strange. I like to think of helping babies learn to sleep in their Moses basket slowly but surely. At least once a day practice putting them to sleep in the Moses basket. Once they start to get the hang of it you can build it up to twice and three times a day and so on… Pop them in there for overnight as well. This will just get them used to the feeling of being flat in their new bed. Now the second part of settling them in their Moses basket comes into play. Instead of them falling asleep in your arms and then transferring them into the bassinet, we need to work on them being in there awake first and then falling asleep. As the weeks go on it starts to get fairly weird for babies to fall asleep in your arms and then wake up in a completely different place. They much prefer to know where they are falling asleep and to wake up in the same place. Many parents that I’ve worked with say that they have trouble settling their babies in the moses basket. Often, they will transfer them in and then their baby just starts crying and will not calm and relax at all. Often seemingly hating the basket. But it is consistent practice that is the key, and with time babies do become used to it. Settling Your Newborn To practice settling I recommend, firstly, taking your baby into their dark sleep space, make sure they are well fed and burped and then get your bub really relaxed and settled in your arms. Take your time with this. Hold them for a while if you need to, until you feel their bodies really relax and they are quiet and calm. Then while they are calm but awake transfer them into the moses basket. If they appear calm still and like they will sleep, keep your hand on their tummy for a minute and then slowly move away. If you transfer them in and they start to grizzle or cry, turn them onto their side with their back facing you and hold their arms firmly with your left hand (if your right-handed). With your right hand rhymical pat their back or bottom while they are crying. The patting can really help to calm them. This will give your baby a good chance to settle. If they start to calm down with the patting, when they are really calm or asleep then slowly move them onto their back. Just never leave a baby on their side unsupervised. But what if they don’t calm down? If you’ve tried patting for a few minutes now and your baby is not calming down at all, pick them up to calm them in your arms. Then calmly repeat the process. So, get bub really calm again. Take your time and remember to be very calm yourself. Rock them in your arms or even give them a very quick feed if that will help to relax them. And then when you have achieved the state of calm with your little one, try transferring to the Moses basket again and see if they can go to sleep in there now – once again pat them if you need to. Babies find patting very soothing and it can be a useful tool to help them relax when they are lying down so always remember to spend a good while attempting to calm them with patting while they are in the basket. Now, do this process three times! If after three really good attempts it hasn’t worked, that’s no big deal! This has been awesome practice. And you need to practice, practice, practice this for your newborn to get the gist of it. As you can see newborn settling takes

August 21, 2023

Breastfeeding Webinar – How to know if baby is full

Sr Ingrid Groenewald explains more about breastfeeding and how to know if baby is full or still hungry.

August 18, 2023

5 common mistakes to avoid when feeding your toddler

The truth is, mealtimes aren’t always fun with toddlers. Sometimes as parents we unwittingly make mistakes that can exacerbate mealtime stress. Take a read through this list and see if you recognise yourself in any of these examples – then take steps to change things. 1. XL portion sizes It’s easy to forget that our little ones need much smaller portions of food than adults. When a child sees a plate piled high with food, they can feel intimidated – and it might even result in them eating even less than they normally would. Serve your child appropriate-sized meals on a smaller plate – if they finish it all up and are still hungry, they can have seconds. Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Purees allcome with a resealable lid. This means you can just use a small amount at a time, and put the rest back in the fridge for the next meal. This saves on food waste and means you can always serve up seconds if needed. 2. Losing patience when serving new foods Toddlers are creatures of habit, and getting them to try new flavours and textures can be tricky. But don’t give up too soon – and don’t fall into the trap of simply serving your child their favourite food over and over again because it is easier than getting them to eat a varied diet. Experts say children might need to be exposed to a new food up to 10 times before they will eat and enjoy it – so try, try and try again! 3. Forcing your child to eat everything on their plate Eating should be an enjoyable activity and forcing your child to eat – or using bribery and coercion – can lead to unhealthy eating habits that your child could carry through to adulthood. Usually, if your toddler stops eating, it means their tummy is full. Rather than forcing your child to have any more, rather remove their plate and ensure you have a healthy snack to offer later when they feel hungry again. You’ll find a whole range of healthy snack recipes – all containing Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Puree – under the Quick + Easy Recipes tab on the Squish website, like these Chocolate Popsicles made using natural yoghurt, and these fruit-filled Crunchies. 4. Offering too many sugar-laden foods and snacks. Experts say that over the years there has been an increased intake of sugar by both children and adults. This led to the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommending the limit of free sugar intake in children. This does not include the sugar that occurs naturally in fruit and vegetables, but rather foods and drinks that have sugar added to them. Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Purees and Squish 100% Pressed Fruit Juices have no added sugar or starch and are free of preservatives, colourants and flavouring, so you can rest easy knowing you are making a smart choice for your little one. Setting a bad example Toddlers are expert mimics and love copying the people around them – it is also how they test and learn what is acceptable behaviour and what is not.This applies to their eating habits too. If you overindulge in sweet treats or turn up your nose at healthy food choices, it’s likely your child will follow suit. So, if you want your child to adopt healthy eating habits, make sure you are being a good role model for them.

August 18, 2023

The Importance of STREAM Education in Primary Schools with the Integration of Religion

In recent years, education systems worldwide have witnessed a growing emphasis on STEAM education, an interdisciplinary approach that integrates Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics. At Loreto School Queenswood we have added the R for Religion to the mix. We feel that this approach has proven to be highly beneficial, nurturing critical skills and fostering holistic development in students from Grades RRR to Grades 7. Moreover, integrating religion into STEAM education can enhance its impact, providing additional advantages that go beyond the academic realm. Importance of STREAM Education in our Pre-primary and Primary school: Holistic Skill Development: Encourages students to explore and apply their knowledge across various disciplines. By engaging in hands-on projects, students develop problem-solving, critical thinking, and creativity skills. Early exposure to STREAM concepts lays the foundation for a lifelong love of learning and prepares students for future challenges. Real-world Relevance: Emphasizes practical application and relevance to real-world scenarios. By connecting classroom learning to everyday life, students can better understand the significance of scientific discoveries, technological innovations, engineering solutions, mathematical principles, and artistic expressions. Fostering Innovation: Nurturing a spirit of innovation from a young age is essential for fostering a generation of creative thinkers and problem solvers. STREAM education allows students to explore ideas, take risks, and learn from failures, ultimately fostering a growth mindset that is crucial in navigating an ever-changing world. Enhancing Collaboration: Projects often involve teamwork, encouraging students to collaborate, communicate effectively, and respect diverse perspectives. These skills are vital not only in academic settings but also in future professional environments. Understanding Cultural Diversity: Integrating religion into STEAM education allows students to understand and respect the diverse beliefs and customs prevalent in our globalized world. This fosters a sense of cultural awareness and helps build bridges of understanding between different communities. By incorporating religious narratives into STREAM subjects, students can explore how scientific, technological, engineering, artistic, and mathematical advancements have shaped the beliefs and practices of different cultures throughout history. This interdisciplinary approach enriches their understanding of both science and religion. STREAM education offers a well-rounded approach to primary schooling, fostering essential skills and nurturing young minds for the future. By integrating religion into this educational framework, we provide students with a broader perspective on the world and encourage the development of moral and ethical values. This synergy empowers students to become responsible, compassionate, and culturally aware individuals, ready to contribute positively to society and tackle the challenges of tomorrow. Which in turn makes our goal of “Growing Children For Life” even more possible. Article by Nthabiseng Nyamane For Loreto School Queenswood

August 18, 2023

THE ADVENTURES OF LITTLE PENGUIN – Penguin Power

Oscar sets out to explore the world and ends up meeting new characters who teach him about himself and others. He quickly discovers that it’s not the destination that matters but rather the people you meet along the way. Oscar and Leah stumble upon tech-obsessed recluse Charles Bucowspenguin, who invites them in. He scans the content of Sinoe’s book into his computer, but something goes awry, and soon Oscar and Leah are trapped in an old computer game! Not only must Oscar and Leah win the games, but Charles Bucowspenguin needs to figure out a way to get our friends back into the real world! Premiere: Saturday, 19 August @ 07:00 CAT ⏰ Tune in: Weekends @ 07:00 CAT Also available on DStv Catch Up

August 18, 2023

Lifesaving tips every parent should know about

While most parents prefer not to think of their children in potentially life-threatening situations, being prepared and knowing how to respond appropriately in the event of an accident, injury or illness is crucial for the well-being of children. These unexpected events can also place huge financial burdens on families if they are not dealt with quickly, decisively and correctly. For this reason, Bestmed Medical Scheme has introduced Best Care, a life-saving first aid series that offers insights on how parents and caregivers can better care for their families. In this article the brand offers tips on first aid kits, CPR and Wound care in collaboration with some of SA’s best paediatricians. First aid A fully stocked first aid kit is an essential item in every home, but it’s also a good idea to create a mini first aid kit that can be carried in a handbag, diaper bag or in the car for use during an emergency while out and about or on the road to your next holiday destination. According to paediatrician, Dr Enrico Maraschin, having medical tools and medication that can be used to measure and control a temperature is vital. High fevers can be dangerous to the health and wellbeing of little ones if left unattended or not properly treated. It can result in convulsions, which is a stressful event for parents to witness and support their child through. Rehydration solutions, over-the-counter medicines to bind a runny tummy and even probiotics are good items to include in your home first aid kit for children, in case your child is exposed to a virus or bacteria that can cause diarrhoea and sometimes vomiting. Antiseptic creams, bandages to wrap wounds and a small pair of scissors to cut bandages may also come in handy in case of a fall or injury, and keep safety pins, an eye patch and adhesive dressings packed too. CPR Knowing how to resuscitate a child who is choking or having difficulty breathing is a necessary first aid skill that every parent and caregiver should possess, as it could help keep them alive until emergency services arrive. Resuscitation is necessary when a child appears unresponsive, has collapsed or is gasping for air and struggling to breathe. It’s always best, of course, to intercede and assist a child as early on as possible – always take signs of breathing difficulty seriously and don’t wait for the child to collapse before taking action. The first abbreviation to keep in mind is SSS – Safety, Shout and Stimulate. Safety: Look at the immediate environment around you and ascertain whether it’s safe to attend to the child here or if they need to be moved to safety. It might seem simple enough, but in a moment of panic it’s easy to lose sight of this very important step. Shout: Call for help from people nearby, phone the emergency services or get someone to call an ambulance for you. Stimulate: Check if the child is responsive by gently tapping their arm, stroking their face or speaking to them. If the child does not groan or move and is unresponsive, quickly move on to the ABC. ABC is a CPR abbreviation that stands for Airway, Breathe, and Circulation. Airway: Make sure the child’s head and neck are aligned and that their body is positioned in a straight position – don’t let the neck flex as this prevents air from reaching the lungs. Breathe: In the case of infants and babies, place your mouth over their nose and mouth to create a seal. For bigger babies and children, pinch the nose and place the mouth over just their mouth. Circulation: There are three steps involved in this section: Step one: Take a breath and breathe into the mouth, making sure that the chest rises. Step two: Wait for the chest to deflate to normal position Step three: Repeat the first step. You can continue this cycle five times. If the child is still not responsive, move on to chest compressions. While the technique varies between younger and older children, the gist remains the same. For infants, use two fingers or a hand circling technique to apply compressions. For older children who are above the age of one, use one or two hands curled around the other to press on to the breastbone (the same would apply for an adult). Use quick compressions, positioning yourself directly over the chest and keeping the elbows straight. “You need to do the compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 seconds. Singing a song like ‘Staying Alive’ in your head and compressing to the beat will help you to do this,” says paediatrician, Dr Kevanya Coopoo. Alternate between compressions and administering rescue breaths, and continue this until help arrives, the child is responsive, or you are too fatigued. “I always recommend that families go for basic life support courses. Have a look at the Resuscitation Council of South Africa’s website for a range of courses to choose from,” says Dr Coopoo. She adds that this ensures all members of the family are aware of safety practices and are able to help one another in a crisis. For younger children, teach them the phone numbers of emergency services so that they can call for help in an emergency. Wound care Accidents happen, and when they do, they may result in wounds that require proper care and treatment to ensure they heal well. A wound is any break in the skin or injury to the tissue. It can be open (in the case of the skin being penetrated or cut) or closed (if there’s damage to underlying tissue). “If there’s bleeding, compress the wound with a clean cloth or gauze for a few minutes until the bleeding stops. Then rinse off with clean running tap water for a few minutes. Now, clean the wound by using an alcohol-sterilised pair of tweezers to pick out any debris,” says Dr Coopoo. Dr Coopoo adds that the wound would most likely be moist at

August 17, 2023

5 Hard Facts About Soft Skills – and Why They Matter to Teens, Now More Than Ever!

There’s no denying it: it’s a tough world for teens to grow up in, especially when it comes to education. South African schools are struggling, filled to the brim with learners, and facing a variety of operational challenges, while trying to teach the skills that teens will need to succeed well into their adult lives. So, what exactly are those skills? Traditionally, formal high schools put teens on a path to developing hard skills that can contribute towards their future careers; like computer literacy, analytical thinking, and time management – just three examples, among many. But what about soft skills? Traditional education channels fall short when it comes to teaching teens soft skills, in addition to academia, because they’re just so overwhelmed. Although we want our teens to be successful in their future careers, we also need them to be good, well-rounded people, with both hard and soft skills that enable them to become meaningful contributors to society; tools they will use in a multitude of contexts and conversations over the course of their lives. According to studies, employers in Africa say that graduates are overlooking essential soft skills development when undertaking their degrees, which can negatively affect their ability to find work. This suggests that there is great benefit to your teen’s future career, and societal contribution, for them to get a head start on the development of these skills, while they’re still in school. And the key to making sure they learn soft skills is to educate them, while entertaining them – which is where eLearning platforms like the new ‘edumentary’ Playbox platform come in! Five Hard Facts About Soft Skills: 1. 80% of recruiters say the ability to adapt is becoming increasingly vital in the workplace. When it comes to living in tumultuous times, teens need to be prepared for their lives to change on a whim, in ways they won’t always have control over. To this end, they need to have the sort of resilience that can handle it. Ultra-trail runner, Ryan Sandes, tackles skills like resilience in his Playbox. He may be a mountain master, but the wisdom he shares goes far beyond the trail, as he teaches how to handle adversity, and come out on top. In his own words, he says, “Life happens fast. It’s unpredictable, fast-paced, and changing all the time.” By helping teens learn that everyone is running their own life trail, and that sometimes the going will get tough, you set them up for success – and a ton of fun while chasing it! 2. 9.7 million employees experienced workplace conflict in 2018 to 2019. Soft skills teach teens that life isn’t going to be a walk in the park; that there will be bad moments, tragic moments, and tough moments. And that you can learn what it takes to overcome. This often means that your teens need to be capable of conflict management. Mogau Seshoene, lovingly known as The Lazy Makoti, is a famous South African chef, who lives by the motto: “Do it with the fear!” In her Playbox she speaks about the best way to handle conflict and continue in pursuit of your wildest dreams, even when everyone around you says no! 3. 90% of employees are more likely to stay with a company that empathises with their needs. “When we understand empathy, and we learn how to use it to make the world laugh, that’s when empathy becomes our superpower.” These wise words are from Playbox’s homegrown funny guy and professional stand-up comedian, Joey Rasdien. Aside from some side-splitting lessons in comedy, he teaches us about the importance of having empathy – for yourself and everyone else. And whether your teen ends up leading teams or working in them, knowing how to be empathetic is essential because it teaches you how to talk to, and understand, people from all walks of life – which is something we could all use more of, as adults, as well! 4. Attitude is the number one important factor when hiring new employees. Just like many of us, your teen will probably have to work for someone one day, or with them if they decide to start their own thing, and unfortunately, even if they’re brilliant at what they do, they’ll fail if they have the wrong attitude. Values and manners are the soft skills required to get through life and make positive connections along the way. Global soccer star, Lucas Radebe, goes for the goals in his Playbox, when he says, “Attitude is what sums you up as a leader, a captain, a true rocket of the game – that’s what sets you apart.” Those who have the right attitude are more likely to move forward in life, making it a skill that’s as important to learn as reading and writing. 5. Courage is one of the top seven qualities recruiters look for in the hiring process. The Princess of Africa, Yvonne Chaka Chaka, believes that in order to succeed, you need the guts to be different, and the grace to be human. As technological advancements in multiple industries render positions obsolete, teens may find themselves being told they have no place in a certain industry, business, or field. In such an event, they’re going to have to consider innovating and building something for themselves – from the ground up – and that’s where the guts come in. Once they make it, they need the grace to stay on top. It takes hard work to be successful, and these days, just knowing the ins and outs of your craft isn’t enough. You have to be brave and humble – the two go hand-in-hand as soft skills that’ll take teens far! The Coaches on Playbox are the ideal mentors, offering up hard-won wisdom in easy-to-watch 10-minute episodes, teaching soft skills, and lighting a fire in the hearts of younger generations, inspiring them to work hard towards their dreams because this life can be a struggle sometimes and everyone needs a little hope. This is education

August 17, 2023

Emotional Health during pregnancy

Expecting a child is a blessing and an incredible experience, whether it’s your first child or not. Often, focus is mainly placed on the joy that comes with expecting, the long nights ahead or how it will change life as you know it. But we usually don’t emphasise on emotional health during pregnancy when in fact, the reality is that pregnancy can become overwhelming and stressful at times, where you might be going through a rather tough time while the best thing in your life is underway. So how do you identify stress, anxiety and depression during your pregnancy, and very importantly, how do you manage or overcome it? Identifying the signs It is important to be self-aware of your emotions and how you feel from day-to-day, maybe having a journal to keep note of your health might be the right place to start and help you notice any changes – even the subtle ones. There are some key things to look out for to ensure you are aware of triggers related to anxiety and depression: Feeling lonely and sad; Crying a lot; Feeling anxious all the time Fatigue and wanting to sleep Avoiding people and not wanting to socialise Getting through the stress and anxiety during your pregnancy Once you have identified the signs – it’s critical that you address them. How you do this is up to you, and there are a number of options that can be considered, from speaking to someone, going to a professional to get properly diagnosed to identifying your stress areas and working on relieving or finding solutions to better manage these. Even just taking time out to focus on yourself – regrouping, reassessing and realising what you need, and want, can go a long way in helping you get through such times. The process of growing a life can be quite daunting as you are focused on whether you are living your best life to ensure your little one’s growth is healthy. You worry about what you eat, drink and if you are doing enough physical activity to ensure that you are also healthy enough to have the best possible delivery process for you and baby. In some cases, the stress can be severe for expecting moms and ways to manage or deal with the stress and anxiety need to be top of mind – emotional health is probably one of the most important. Start small and maybe opt for a more intimate solution – talk to your partner about what is keeping you up at night and your fears of not doing enough for your unborn child. Your partner – or a good friend – can be your confidant and through doing this, you might find out that he is also stressing about – or has been through – similar or different things. Because you are both being open and sharing your feelings you will find comfort in one another and end-up reducing your stress and anxiety levels. You can also look at solutions or putting some things in place that work for both of you. And of course, it’s always good to know you are not alone in your fears. Additionally, keep these tips in mind when you are feeling overwhelmed: Reduce the time you spend on the internet – researching is great, but don’t get to a point where it consumes your entire life and fuels your paranoia. Take time in the day to meditate – quiet time to clear your mind and thoughts might be just what you need to calm yourself and have a level-head when reacting to situations and new information. Resting is vital – whether it’s sleeping early, taking breaks or going on a short vacation, time away from it all will help you with your stress levels. Try to eat healthy – when you eat healthy it translates to you feeling better about yourself and that way you focus less on negative things. Don’t overload yourself with work – don’t commit to stressful amounts of work, know your limits and plan your tasks accordingly to avoid unnecessary stress and anxiety. How to deal with depression while pregnant Depression is an illness that alters your mood, causing you to feel sad and hopeless. In many cases, it is easier for women who have been diagnosed with depression previously and fall pregnant, to ‘relapse’ into depression as pregnancy can be quite overwhelming. In fact, 1 in 10 pregnant women suffer from Ante-natal Depression so it is essential that expectant moms take care of their mental health and know how to identify the cues. Pregnancy is an amazing thing to experience – enjoy the process of growing a life inside of you and make sure you are self and emotionally aware to notice the little, or big, things robbing you of fully experiencing this time in your life. Ensure that you have a solid support system around you – be it your partner, family or friends. Make your pregnancy journey one to remember and embrace every moment of it!

August 17, 2023

Mental Health In Teens: Top Six Things Parents Need To Know

Affinity Health is a leading provider of high-quality healthcare cover. They say teenage mental illness is more prevalent than parents may realise. It is typical for adolescents to experience moodiness on occasion. But when do teen mood swings mean something more serious, like mental illness? “Teenage mental illness is very prevalent. But many forms of mental disease are treatable. All patients need is an accurate diagnosis,” says Murray Hewlett, Affinity Health CEO. “Untreated mental illnesses hinder children, their friends and family, schools, and communities.” Affinity Health says it is more important now than ever that South Africans address child and adolescent mental health. Learn More: Know the Symptoms of Childhood Mental Illness Here are six things parents need to know about teen mental health. 1. Mental Illness In Teens Is More Common Than You Think At least one in five youth ages nine to 17 has a diagnosable mental health disorder. One in ten has a disorder that causes considerable impairment. Only one-third of these adolescents receive the required care. Half of all significant adult psychiatric problems begin by age 14. But therapy is often not initiated until six to 23 years later. 2. Signs of Mental Illness In Teens Can Differ There are various definitions of mental illness. Physicians use several particular factors to decide if a person has a mental disease. Doctors often look for sadness or disinterest in hobbies and recreational activities. But, in adolescents, symptoms may manifest as follows: Fluctuating grades Social disinterest Volatile moods More criteria may come into play if at least one of these symptoms is present: Having trouble sleeping, such as falling asleep or staying asleep Changes in energy level Alterations in focus or task completion Loss or increase in appetite Decreased motivation Suicidal thoughts A fall in grades Body aches or pains Tearfulness Avoiding friends and social activities Overuse of substances like alcohol or drugs Difficulty perceiving reality (delusions or hallucinations) Intense fear of weight gain or concern with appearance Difficulty understanding or relating to other people A teen mental illness is present if more than five of these symptoms occur every day for at least two weeks. 3. There Are Different Types Of Mental Disorders In Teens Some common teen mental illnesses are anxiety, mood, attention, and disruptive behaviour disorders. Anxiety Disorders Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Social Anxiety Disorder Panic Disorder Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Mood Disorders Adjustment Disorder With Depressed Mood Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Bipolar Disorder Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Disruptive Behaviour Disorders Conduct Disorder Oppositional Defiant Disorder 4. Teenage Mental Illness CAN Be Treated Treatment is available for mental illnesses. But, often, parents do not bring their child to therapy until months have passed because they are in denial. Most parents believe that what is occurring to their children is impossible. If you are concerned, you should talk to your child. If there are signs of stress or dramatic behavioural shifts, ask them first. It may not be a psychiatric disorder, but they need your support. 5. Communication With Your Teen Is Beneficial To Their Recovery Maintain open, honest, and consistent communication. Your children should know they can talk to you about anything. But you should also encourage open communication. Discuss your personal experiences and worries as a teenager. Inform them that they are not alone and that their problems are not unique. 6. Certain Meds Can Worsen Mental Disorders Be alert for prescription drug misuse. The following medications are abused: Opioids intended for pain relief Stimulants for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Depressants for anxiety Sleeping aids These all exacerbate mental health disorders in teenagers. Teenagers also overuse over-the-counter cough and cold remedies. How Affinity Health Can Help At Affinity Health, we strive for early intervention to assist struggling adolescents. We want to assist them with coping before they become lifelong struggles. Although psychologist and psychiatrist visits are not covered, Affinity Health’s Telehealth Consulting provides access to nurses, doctors and mental health practitioners. Contact 0861 11 00 33 for more information. Learn More: Improving the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents

August 16, 2023

Teething Tears No More with these Natural Healing Tips & Safe Soothers

As first-time parents, as you get into the groove of caring for your gurgling bundle of joy, you will need to prepare ahead of time for your next baby milestone, that of teething, which usually occurs around six months of age. While the appearance of those first red bumps on their lower gum is a sign your little one is growing and developing, it also brings with it a slew of symptoms as your infant experiences pain for their very first time. Be aware that teething usually coincides with the start of separation anxiety as baby’s emotional needs start to develop too. Knowing the signs, planning for the symptoms, and soothing responses required from mom and dad by their side, will ensure teething is a natural growth spurt handled with love, care, and knowledge-based safety. Baby’s First Experience of Teething Pain Baby’s first signs of early-stage teething include irritability, disrupted sleep, swelling and sore inflamed gums, drooling, reduced appetite, mild temperature, increased biting, gum-rubbing and sometimes ear-rubbing. Teething does not cause fevers and diarrhoea. If your baby has a temperature above 38 degrees Celsius and has diarrhoea, you need to speak to a medical professional. Not all babies’ teeth to a timeline however and teething can start as early as 4 months or as late as 13 months of age in some children. The bottom incisors or two lower front teeth usually appear first, followed by the top incisors. Next to appear are the canines, also known as eye teeth. Then, anywhere between baby’s first and third birthday, eight molars will appear, as the biggest teeth, this is said to be the most challenging and painful stage of infant teething. Teething & Infant Tooth Decay Many parents are not aware that children’s baby teeth are at risk of decay and tooth cavities can start as early as 6 months, with cavities forming faster in baby teeth than in adult teeth. Putting a child to bed with a bottle each night can cause more severe, rapid tooth decay as milk, formula or juice soak the thin enamel of the baby teeth in sugar for many hours. The same is true for breastfeeding infants who fall asleep while nursing with unswallowed milk remaining in their mouth. Start cleaning your baby’s teeth as soon as their first tooth appears. Early signs of decay include white spots which begin to form on the teeth in affected areas which means the enamel is starting to break down. An early cavity is light brown in colour, turning a darker shade of brown to black. Cavities are infectious and can spread, sometimes causing infections in the adult teeth growing beneath then. If left untreated, cavities in baby teeth can cause more significant infections such as dental infections and cause long-term issues for your child’s oral future. Use a soft infant toothbrush and toothpaste made for children to clean their teeth regularly. If your baby does not like a toothbrush in their mouth, use a clean, damp face cloth or gauze to wipe the front and back of each tooth. How to Safely Soothe Teething Pain Away: #LoveMeDo Extra comforting or one-on-one play time with your baby can distract them from the pain in their gums and help them to feel loved and safe. #TrustedTeethingTools Invest in a choice of superior quality teething rings. Paediatrician-approved teething remedies include chewing on something cold. Not all teething rings are created equal however and you will need to consider if it is made from safe materials, is easy to clean and mould is prevented from growing inside. BPA free and suitable for children from 0+, the Infantino Chew and Play Ring Teether R104.95 (main picture) is an all-around activity teether which is soft and flexible with an easy-to-grab shape, soothing textures and spinning rings and covered soft teeth able areas. Babies are drawn to bold colours, playful prints, and soft fabrics and the cute and friendly Infantino Cuddly Teether Penguin R169.95 features unique textures and crinkle sounds baby will love exploring. It encourages sensory development, and along with mobiles and overhead gyms can be helpful in encouraging eye tracking.   The 3-stage Infantino Crystal Clear Teether Set R198.95 is a lovely gift set for first time parents as they tackle the three stages of teething with a BPA, PVC, dye, and phthalate-free teether full of textures and shapes needed to meet all stages of teething. This 100 % pure teether cools in the refrigerator providing extra comfort and is easy for small hands to grasp with interesting textures which relieve sore gums. Most importantly, they are also easy to keep clean. #TastyTeetherTreats When no help is at hand, you can massage baby’s gums with a clean finger to relieve the pressure of the tooth pushing through. You can also warm a face cloth or dip it in chamomile tea and give it to your baby to chew on. Freeze breast milk into ice cubes to distract baby and calm sore gums. You can also give them cool or frozen foods such as carrots, bananas, or apples which are safe for your baby to gnaw or gum on. Happy Family Organics provides delicious safe snacks and a teether with their Happy Baby Teether Sweet Potato and Banana R157.40 with 12 x 2 packs per box made with jasmine rice flour and a touch of organic fruits and veggies, which dissolve easily, making them a perfect first snack for baby’s developing gums. The Happy Baby Teether Crackers R157.40 with Strawberry & Beet with Amaranthus an easily dissolving cracker made with ancient grains and organic fruits and veggies, which is not only tasty for baby, but easy on their gums and encourages self-feeding. All the Happy Family Organics baby products are gluten-free, Kosher, certified organic, contain no GMO or high fructose corn syrup, artificial food colourants or flavourings. #DroolersDelight Keep baby comfortable by keeping them dry. Drool creates constant moisture around their hands and face which can cause a wet rash around their mouth,

August 16, 2023

How to Sleep Deeply & More Naturally

Sleep can be elusive and stressful simultaneously; those who know will agree that nothing is more frustrating than lying awake in the dead of night worrying about not being able to fall asleep, yet as many as 1 in 3 adults worldwide suffer from insomnia symptoms. There is good reason to worry about not getting enough sleep. Sleeplessness is linked to Impaired memory, concentration, decision-making skills, reduced immune system function, mood swings, irritability, low self-esteem and many other chronic health problems, including heart and kidney disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, stroke, obesity, and depression. If you suffer from insomnia or disruptions to your usual sleep-wake cycle caused by jet lag, shift work, or irregular sleep habits, you don’t need to resort to elaborate or pricey solutions, such as prescription drugs, sleeping pills or expensive gadgets which don’t address the problem of stress, anxiety, pain or inflammation. Happily, medically approved Biomedcan CBD Sleep, derived from the hemp plant, can help you to sleep better naturally. Not only is CBD natural and safe to use, but it is also a proven way to consistently improve your sleep quality and quantity into the future without any concern about side effects. Rather, it works to reduce anxiety, relax muscle tension, ease pain, and promote more restful and restorative sleep when you need it most. How does it work? CBD interacts with your endocannabinoid system, which makes up your immune and nervous system, and regulates your mood, emotions, and stress response, helping to calm your mind and body and easing the worry and fears that may keep you up. It also supports you by regulating your sleep patterns and calming your circadian rhythm, which is your natural sleep-wake cycle, to promote more balanced and consistent sleep models. Entourage Effect Unlike other sleeping aids, CBD does not produce any psychoactive effects, addictions or dependencies, meaning it does not make you high or impair your mind. You also do not need to increase your dose over time for it to continue working, rather the Entourage Effect of CBD (with zero THC included) maximises the active ingredients the longer you take them, thereby working to help you sleep faster and better, naturally. Clinically approved and recommended by pharmacists, Biomedcan CBD sleeping pills combines active ingredients (herbs and minerals) and 20mg CBD isolate per daily dose of 1 capsule with water at least 30 minutes before sleep. The CBD benefits of this highly concentrated health food supplement are recommended in combination with a varied, balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle. Chocolate Dreams For the inner chocoholic in you, Biomedcan has designed an alternative option to taking a pill. The Biomedcan CBD Healthy Dark and Milk Chocolate bars is handcrafted by Von Geusau Chocolates South Africa to deliver the same natural CBD effect. Nibble on your choice of delectable non-addictive dark or milk CBD chocolate from Biomedcan and slip into sweet dreams for a deep, brain-nourishing sleep with zero hallucinogenic effect or hangover. Support Your Loving Self with Good Habits AVOID: In addition to introducing a natural sleep support such as Biomedcan Sleep into your bedtime routine, you can further support your sleep recovery by avoiding caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, and other stimulants, which keep you awake or disrupt your sleep patterns. A study by Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine found that 400 mg of caffeine taken at 0, 3, or even 6 hours prior to bedtime significantly disrupts sleep. Even at 6 hours, caffeine reduced sleep by more than 1 hour. This degree of sleep loss, if experienced over multiple nights, may have detrimental effects on your daytime function. PREP: When preparing for sleep, limit your exposure to light, avoid using electronic devices, such as phones, computers, or TVs, before bed or in the bedroom, draw curtains and blinds to block out any external light sources, and make sure your bedroom is quiet, cool, dark, inviting and cosy. Avoiding bright light two hours before bedtime will make it easier to fall asleep. Sleeping with a light on interferes with sleep cycles and causes more fragmented sleep, and these downsides may be greatest in the few hours before waking up according to the Sleep Foundation. PAY OFF: It pays off in sleep hours to follow a bedtime routine. Scientists agree that every hour of sleep before midnight is worth two after midnight, so plan to be in bed by between 9 and 10pm latest. Take a Biomedcan CBD sleep capsule and do something calming and enjoyable in bed, such as reading a book, listening to a podcast, meditating, or relaxing in a warm bath. It’s important to avoid stressful or stimulating activities, such as work, homework, or video games. According to one Biomedcan CBD Sleep review, “I have been using it for two weeks now, and I can honestly say that I have never slept better in my life. I wake up feeling refreshed and energized. No more tossing, turning, or waking up in the middle of the night.” MOVE: Regular exercise during the day can also help you to reduce stress, improve your mood and help you to relax in the evening. EXPLORE: You can also explore the range of Biomedcan products that assist in a multitude of benefits, such as Improvement of memory and focus, increased pleasure and skin repair by hydrating, repairing and restoring the balance of your skin. All Biomedcan products are locally produced in a SAHPRA and FDA-approved facility. If you have any questions about Biomedcan products or certifications, feel free to email [email protected]. View the full range of Biomedcan products on www.biomedcan.co.za and on sale at the following retail outlets: Wellness Warehouse, Takealot, Faithful to Nature, CBD store, Vintage & Vogue, Organic Living and certain Dischem stores.

August 16, 2023

UNDERSTANDING POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, highlights the importance of understanding Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and offers effective interventions for those grappling with this complex and often debilitating mental health condition. “PTSD affects approximately eight per cent of the global population at some point in their lives, making it a significant public health concern,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “South Africa, in particular, has a high prevalence of PTSD among the population. By raising awareness and offering education, we can work towards creating a society that prioritises mental health and offers appropriate resources for individuals living with PTSD.” Common Causes and Risk Factors for PTSD A variety of traumatic experiences can cause PTSD. These can range from combat exposure and physical assault to accidents, natural disasters, or childhood abuse. Factors that may increase the risk of developing PTSD include a history of mental health disorders, a lack of social support, genetic predisposition, and the intensity and duration of the traumatic event. The Neurobiology of PTSD PTSD has a profound impact on the brain and its functioning. The condition alters the neural pathways associated with memory, emotions, and fear responses. Brain imaging studies have shown differences in brain structure and activity among individuals with PTSD, providing insights into the biological basis of the disorder. The Impact of PTSD on Individuals and Society PTSD can have far-reaching consequences on both individuals and society. Those affected by PTSD may experience significant impairment in various aspects of their lives, including relationships, work, and overall quality of life. The societal impact includes increased healthcare costs, reduced productivity, and the burden of caregiving. Recognising Symptoms PTSD is characterised by various symptoms that can significantly impact daily functioning. Common symptoms include intrusive thoughts or memories of the traumatic event, nightmares, flashbacks, avoidance of reminders, hypervigilance, emotional numbing, and difficulties with sleep and concentration. Individuals with PTSD may also experience comorbidities like depression, anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and physical health problems. The Importance of Early Detection and Intervention Early detection and intervention play a crucial role in mitigating the long-term effects of PTSD. Timely identification of symptoms and appropriate support can help individuals receive necessary treatment, improve their overall well-being, and prevent worsening symptoms. Diagnosis and Assessment Diagnosing PTSD involves evaluating the presence and severity of specific symptoms. Healthcare professionals, such as psychiatrists and psychologists, play a vital role in conducting comprehensive assessments to determine if an individual meets the diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Various assessment tools and techniques, including interviews and self-report measures, are used to aid in the diagnosis. Treatment and Management Effective treatments for PTSD are available and can significantly improve the lives of those affected. Evidence-based therapies, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR), have successfully reduced symptoms and promoted recovery. Medication options, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), may also be prescribed. Complementary and alternative treatments, such as yoga, meditation, and acupuncture, can be adjuncts to traditional therapies. Self-help strategies and coping mechanisms, such as exercise, relaxation techniques, and support groups, can also aid in managing symptoms. Supporting Individuals with PTSD Trauma can profoundly impact relationships, and it is crucial to understand and address these challenges. Providing emotional support, actively listening, and creating a safe and non-judgmental environment is essential for supporting individuals with PTSD. Educating oneself about the condition and its effects is essential, fostering empathy and understanding. Resources such as therapy, support groups, and online communities can provide valuable guidance and connection for caregivers, families, and friends. Building a supportive community that encourages open dialogue and reduces stigma is instrumental in creating an environment conducive to healing and recovery. PTSD in Specific Populations PTSD can affect specific populations differently, requiring tailored approaches to treatment and support: PTSD Among Veterans and Active-Duty Military Personnel: Military service members often face unique and intense traumatic experiences. Addressing the specific needs of veterans and active-duty personnel requires specialised care, including veteran-centred support programmes, access to mental health services, and promoting a mental health culture within the military. PTSD in Children and Adolescents: Traumatic experiences during childhood can have long-lasting effects on mental health. Early identification, trauma-focused therapy, and support from caregivers, teachers, and mental health professionals are crucial in helping children and adolescents recover from PTSD. PTSD in Survivors of Sexual Assault and Domestic Violence: Survivors of sexual assault and domestic violence are at a heightened risk of developing PTSD. Comprehensive support services, including crisis intervention, counselling, and legal advocacy, are essential in helping survivors heal from their trauma and rebuild their lives. PTSD in Healthcare Workers and First Responders: Healthcare workers and first responders often face traumatic events as part of their professional duties. Specialised support systems, including mental health resources, debriefing sessions, and proactive organisational policies, are necessary to address the unique challenges faced by these individuals and mitigate the impact of trauma on their well-being. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health cover provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

August 15, 2023

A Focus on Food Allergies

Did you know that if one parent has an allergy, there is a 30 – 50% increased risk of a baby also being allergic? And, if both parents are allergic, there is a 60 – 80% increased risk. Yet actual food allergy rates are quite low with just 3 in 100 South African children allergic to peanuts, egg, milk or fish according to a local study. So, if this is actually the case, what is the best way to approach food allergies with our children? Understanding Allergies When we have an allergic reaction, the body’s immune system overreacts thinking that the food is harmful. To protect itself from this suspected invader, the immune system goes on attack and makes antibodies against that food (the soldiers that defend the immune system). The next time the food is eaten, these antibodies are ready for action and make histamine. It is these chemicals that cause allergy symptoms that make us so miserable. Usually an allergic reaction will show up within a couple of hours of eating the food that causes the allergy. Signs and symptoms can range from mild, like watery eyes, a blocked nose, skin rashes, itchiness, or tummy upsets, to more serious issues like breathing troubles. In theory, any food can cause an allergy, but foods like egg, peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, cow’s milk, soy, fish, shellfish, and sulphites are the most common culprits. In some countries other foods are also considered allergens, such as sesame seeds, lupin, mustard, and celery. Rates of food allergies vary for each food though. For example, a cow’s milk allergy (also called a cow’s milk protein allergy or CMPA) affects between 2 – 6 % of children and an egg allergy up to 17%. Don’t Delay, Allergen Away Registered dietitian, Monique Piderit says: “Many parents worry about introducing allergens to their little ones. Yet did you know that waiting too long can increase the risk of developing an allergic reaction? Many studies support that there is no benefit in delaying the introduction of potential allergens. And what’s more, many of the potential allergenic foods provide great nutritional benefits for our children. Milk, for example, has muscle-strengthening protein, bone-building calcium, magnesium and phosphorus, and other important nutrients like vitamin A, zinc, potassium, and the vitamins B2 and B12. Milk is also used to make other foods much-loved by babies, children and adults alike, like yoghurt, maas and cheese.” This is why healthcare professionals suggest that the benefit of including these foods in a healthy and balanced diet is far greater than the very small, potential risk of a reaction. Out With The Old (Allergy), In With The New Great news – it is entirely possible for babies and children to outgrow a food allergy. This is because allergies to foods like cow’s milk is highest in the first year of life, with most children outgrowing the allergy by age 3 – 5. So go ahead and offer up the allergens to your babies and children. Stir maas into the morning porridge, offer up yoghurt as a convenient and tasty snack, and let your little one practice their pincer grasp with finger foods like grated cheese. To find out more about the difference between milk allergy and lactose intolerance visit the Rediscover Dairy website: https://www.rediscoverdairy.co.za/kb/what-is-the-difference-between-milk-allergy-and-lactose-intolerance-2/

August 15, 2023

BATWHEELS- Growing up Gotham

Batwheels Bam, Bibi, Redbird, Batwing and Buff continue to navigate their status as a newly formed super-team in Gotham. When the Legion of Zoom plans to cheat their way to winning the Gotham Grand Prix, the Batwheels zoom into action to ensure the race is run – and won – fair & square. Bam brings Catwoman’s Catmobile, Kitty, to life to join the Batwheels in a game – and when she saves him in a tight spot, he decides to take her on a ride-along patrol in the hopes of recruiting her as a Batwheel – if he can convince her to stop playing long enough to focus on their mission! Premiere: Monday, 14 August @ 16:45 CAT ⏰ Tune in: Mondays – Fridays @ 16:45 CAT Also available on DStv Catch Up

August 14, 2023

The Importance of Play in a Child’s Development

Children are increasingly suffering from low muscle tone, low memory, poor speech, poor vocabulary, poor motor planning, and lack of proprioception or spatial awareness. Mostly because many children spend hours in front of computers, IPads, or television instead of playing. Most people are unaware of is the impact playing has on a child’s development. A child’s motor skills develop from the outside in. When babies lie on the ground and kick and punch the air, their muscles are becoming stronger. According to a recent article by Pamela Li, MS, MBA (Importance of play in Early Childhood), “an infant’s brain is equipped with an abundance of brain cell connections (synapses). Synapse overproduction allows information captured from the early years to build a foundation for the brain.” A study showed that a child’s language skills improved when a mother interacted with her baby when they started playing with toys. She would tell the child what the toy was and what it did. When the child was tested 3 months later, they had better language skills. (Newland LA, Roggman LA, Boyce LK. The development of social toy play and language in infancy.) When adults talk to them, read to them, and play with them babies’ brains are stimulated. Children need to run, climb, push, pull, cycle and jump before they can draw. This helps with Gross motor development. Children need to have strong gross motor skills before they can do small motor tasks such as drawing, cutting, and writing. They also need to play with materials like play dough, blocks, bean bags, skipping rope, monkey bars, push bikes, water, sand, and foam, to name a few. Play develops: Brain growth. Improves intelligence. Sparks creative thinking. Improves communication, vocabulary, and Language. Promotes impulse control and emotion regulation. Grow social competence and empathy. Better physical and mental health. Teach life lessons. Strengthen relationships with caretakers and peers. Play, takes so many forms, physical play (dancing, ball games, movement activities), Social play (playing with other children or adults), Constructive play (drawing, music, crafts, and building), Fantasy play (imagination, dress-up, dramatization), Games with rules (board games, Simon says, musical chairs, dominoes, etc.) Courtesy – HSE LIVE – We’re here to help. We could write and talk about this topic forever as I feel very strongly about it. Even more so being an online teacher. I try to incorporate as many games and movement activities as I can in my lessons. This also helps with children’s concentration. According to https://publications.aap.org a pediatrics article – “Playing allows children to use their creativity while developing their imagination, dexterity and physical, cognitive and emotional strength. Play is important to healthy brain development. It is through play that children at a very early age engage and interact in the world around them.” So, Moms and Dads, Grandparents, Aunts and Uncles, the washing, and cleaning can wait for a while. Rather play with your precious little ones. They grow up too quickly. Tracey Binge – A teacher at Evolve Online School

August 14, 2023

MARKS LEAVING A LOT TO BE DESIRED? HERE’S WHAT YOU CAN DO

Life has its own plans; sometimes, things do not work out as we hoped. Some high school students and parents are currently finding themselves amid a relatively stressful time, having to come to terms with June exam results that were not at the standard they expected. Perhaps some red lights are going off for you as a parent, with the prospect that your child might need serious academic intervention. The good news is that it is never too late to re-evaluate and make the necessary changes to reach the desired outcome. Suppose you are keen to pursue Tertiary studies. In that case, it is essential to ensure that you are ready from the get-go and that you can successfully apply without creating additional stress and anxiety. If you take action now, this is doable even if you didn’t perform at your best in the mid-year exams. Here are some tips to assist you on your academic journey: 1. Setting goals Ensure that you set measurable goals for yourself, both academically and personally. Measure this timeously and regularly, and reward yourself for reaching goals. Remember to review and revise your goals continuously! A good idea would be to write them down and keep them somewhere visible at all times. 2. Are you in the right school? Make sure that your schooling environment supports your needs. At Abbotts College, for example, we issue 7 academic report cards throughout the year, which assists you in setting up reasonable goals. We also offer after-hour academic support, where you can contact your subject teachers to get academic support until 20:00. During our Homework lesson, students can consult on a one-on-one basis with any of their subject teachers. Parents often think they should only move students at the beginning of the year, we have found that students that move now have the benefit of adapting before the start of the new year. 3. Softer skills are important The softer skills such as effective time management, planning study times and schedules, and self-management skills are critical. It is vital to balance academics and free time to exercise and spend quality time away from the books with family and friends. Click here to download a template that can support your needs. 4. Plan your future Do the necessary research at different Tertiary institutions. Note the entry requirements, AP scores and subject choice combinations which are required to apply. Measure your current results to these requirements. If you do not currently meet them, put goals in place to ensure sufficient improvement to be able to apply. Two or three options is a safe space, as life does not always go according to our own plans. If you are still unsure, consult an educational psychologist who can assist you with aptitude tests. If you are uncertain about educational psychologists, contact your closest Abbotts College, which can assist you with a referral. Not all schools are the same, and you must ensure that your chosen school is the best fit for your child and their academic needs. Do not hesitate to consider a school such as Abbotts College that might be less traditional yet more focused on academic processes, allowing it to go the extra mile to facilitate academic success for our students. The right environment combined with the right approach can make all the difference. In closing, remember a negative mind will never give you a positive outcome. Good luck for the remainder of the academic year. By Izak Stander: Principal of Abbotts College Northcliff

August 14, 2023

Learning Through Play – The Benefits of S.T.E.A.M Toys

As parents, we all want our children to grow up with a lifelong love for learning and fun. One of the best ways to foster this is to encourage a child’s natural curiosity by learning through play. Science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics (S.T.E.A.M) toys have been proven to simultaneously strengthen these skills while providing a unique opportunity to understand how all the disciplines interact and instilling a love of learning that aids in skill development, creativity and problem-solving. Child psychologists and experts agree that early childhood is the best time for children to be exposed to these concepts and that strengthening learning through play in early childhood is vital to activate their interest in these subjects by introducing these concepts from a young age. “It’s never too soon to expose young kids to S.T.E.A.M-related concepts through play,” says Catherine Jacoby, Marketing Manager at Toys R Us. “S.T.E.A.M toys are excellent tools to introduce your little one to the fundamental concepts of science, technology, engineering, art and maths and provide a variety of opportunities for hands-on learning.” She says that playing with S.T.E.A.M toys can be a great way to encourage your child’s natural curiosity. “During the formative years, the development of cognitive skills, emotional well-being, social competence and sound physical and mental health builds a strong foundation for success well into the adult years.” According to UNICEF, play is an essential strategy for learning, the early formative years really matter. “Scientific research over the past 30 years has taught us that the most important period of human development is from birth to eight years old,” comments Jacoby. “While learning takes place throughout life, early childhood learning through play is one of the most important ways in which young children gain essential knowledge and skills,” she explains. “It’s for this reason that learning opportunities that promote play, exploration, hands-on learning is at the core of a young child’s development.” Jacoby adds that S.T.E.A.M toys are designed to encourage active and interactive engagement. “They inspire children to discover more about the world and themselves about active play, which means children interact with the toys in a whole new way.” S.T.E.A.M. toys are not only fun, but they also help in four key developmental areas such as confidence, critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration. “These focused activities provide children with plenty of opportunities for creative thinking, which helps them develop skills in the areas of problem-solving, spatial reasoning, engineering concepts, and more,” she adds. She says that popular S.T.E.A.M. toys include those that allow children to: explore space, learning cause and effect, discovering the body, experiencing how nature grows and visualising complicated physics concepts.” In addition to these concepts, some of our most popular S.T.E.A.M toys include: Science: Orboot Dinos AR Globe by PlayShifu: Technology: Educational and Bilingual Laptop French/English: Engineering: Alexander Constructor Vehicles and Robots: Art: Re-Cycle-Me S.T.E.A.M Collection Science: Maths: Monopoly: For more information visit: www.toysrus.co.za

August 11, 2023

Webinar – Vaginal Infections during Pregnancy

Sr Talia discusses different vaginal infections that you can experience during pregnancy

August 11, 2023

Yummy fruit and veggie-based party treats

Planning a birthday party for your little one is special – it’s a chance to gather family and friends to celebrate their important milestone. Add these fruit and veggie filled snacks to the birthday spread – your little guests will love them. APPLE, GUAVA AND YOGHURT POPS These refreshing treats are perfect for a summer party. All you need is Squish 100% Pressed Fruit Juice and Squish 100% Fruit Puree. Squish juices are pressed from 100% fruit and veg, and are preservative free, making them the smart choice for your little one – and their friends! Ingredients 65 ml (¼ C) Squish 100% Pressed Apple Juice 110 ml Squish 100% Apple, Guava + Yoghurt Puree Method Mix together the juice and puree until well blended. Pour the mixture into popsicle moulds. Freeze until firm. TIP: For variety, try this combo – Squish 100% Pressed Summer Berries Juice and Squish 100% Banana + Strawberry Puree CHEESY VEG BALLS These moreish snacks are packed with veg – make sure you double the recipe, because the grownups will love them too. You can use any Squish 100% Veg Puree in the recipe – or make up the amount mixing the various Squish purees you have left in the fridge. Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Purees are free from nasties like preservatives, colourants and flavourants – plus they have no added sugar – making them the smart choice for parents. Ingredients 1 cup cheese 1 Squish 100% Veg Puree of choice, the Mixed Veg one works really well ¼ small onion, finely grated 2 cups breadcrumbs (simply put several slices of bread into your processor and blitz) ½ cup wholewheat flour 2-3 large courgettes, finely grated 2 large carrots, finely grated ½ clove garlic, grated 2 tablespoons olive or coconut oil 1 teaspoon dried herbs Method Combine all the ingredients and leave to rest for 20 minutes. Roll into small balls. Place on a baking tray lined with baking paper and bake in a preheated oven at 180 °C for 20-25 minutes. You can make a quick dip by combining smooth cottage cheese and Squish 100% Veg Puree. TIP: These can be cooked in an air-fryer – they’ll need 8 minutes. SQUISH CHOCOLATE BROWNIES Here’s a fun idea for an easy birthday ‘cake’: create a tower of brownies, dust with icing sugar and edible glitter, then pop a candle on top! Ingredients ½ cup melted coconut oil ¾ cup wholewheat flour ½ teaspoon baking powder ½ cup of granulated sugar (You could also use honey or maple syrup) 2 large eggs ¾ cup of cocoa powder 1 Squish 100% Fruit Puree of your choice 2 large courgettes, finely grated chocolate chips Method Mix the eggs, vanilla essence and puree. Add the melted oil (at room temp) then mix in your sugar or honey. Add the grated courgettes. Give the mixture a good stir before adding the flour, cocoa and baking powder. Mix well then spread into a baking pan lined with baking paper. Sprinkle with choc chips before placing into a preheated oven. Bake for 12-15 minutes at 180 °C. Less is usually best! TIP: No courgettes? Use grated carrot instead. For more party snack recipes packed full of goodness, visit squish.co.za.

August 11, 2023

MR MAGOO – Trouble First

Mr Magoo is a kind-hearted fellow who is always happy to lend a hand – but often causes disasters instead when he makes mad mix-ups without his glasses. While he’s out trying to do good, his nemesis – Fizz, the megalomaniac hamster – is on his trail, hoping to put an end to Magoo’s good deeds. Magoo plays matchmaker and sets up a date between Weasel and Linda before Weasel mistakenly shrinks Fizz with the newly invented Fizzometer. His next invention, the muscle-building TransmorgaFizz, ends up in Magoo’s hands, and our hero turns Fizz into a chihuahua. It’s never dull when Mr Magoo is around! Premiere: Monday, 14 August @ 15:15 CAT ⏰ Tune in: Mondays – Fridays @ 15:15 CAT Also available on DStv Catch Up

August 11, 2023

HOW DOES SUGAR AFFECT YOUR TEETH?

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, explores the many ways sugar affects your teeth and unveils the secrets to safeguarding them for a lifetime of healthy smiles. Sugar is a sweet enemy to your teeth, leading to tooth decay and cavities. But it’s not just the amount of sugar you consume that’s the problem; it’s also how often you consume it. The more frequently you eat sugary foods and drinks, the greater your risk for tooth decay. Why Sugar Is Bad for Teeth When sugar encounters the bacteria in your mouth, it produces acid. This acid attacks the enamel, the hard, protective surface of your teeth. Over time, the acid can erode the enamel, creating tiny holes in the surface of your teeth, known as cavities. Tooth decay is a progressive disease. It starts with forming a small cavity on the tooth’s surface. If the hole is not addressed, it will grow more significant and more profound, eventually reaching the nerves and blood vessels inside the tooth, causing toothaches, infection, and possibly tooth loss. Sugar also sticks to the surface of your teeth, providing a perfect breeding ground for bacteria. As the bacteria feed on the sugar, they make additional acid, which damages your teeth even more. But it’s not just the sugar that’s harmful to your teeth. Many sugary foods and drinks also contain high levels of acid. For example, citrus fruits, sports drinks, and even diet soda can be highly acidic. According to a Journal of Conservative Dentistry study, consuming acidic foods and drinks can erode tooth enamel, making your teeth more susceptible to decay. Frequent snacking on sugary foods and drinks is especially harmful to your teeth because it keeps the acid attack on your teeth all day long. According to the American Dental Association, snacking on sugary foods and drinks throughout the day can cause a continual acid attack on your teeth, increasing your risk of dental decay. The good news is that you can take steps to protect your teeth from the damaging effects of sugar. Here are a Few Tips from Affinity Health: Brush and floss: Brushing and flossing your teeth twice daily can help remove plaque and bacteria from your teeth and gums, lowering your risk of tooth decay and gum disease. Use an antiseptic mouthwash: An antiseptic mouthwash can help kill bacteria and freshen your breath. Limit sugar intake: Consuming too much sugar can lead to tooth decay, so limiting your sugar intake is essential. This includes sweets, cakes, biscuits, and chocolate and sugary drinks such as soda and sports drinks. Drink water: Drinking water can help rinse away sugar and bacteria in your mouth, and it also helps keep your mouth and teeth hydrated. Chew sugar-free gum: Chewing sugar-free gum after meals can help stimulate saliva production and neutralise the acid in your mouth. Visit the dentist regularly: Regular dental check-ups and six-month cleanings can help remove plaque and tartar buildup and detect and treat any dental issues early on. Use fluoride toothpaste: Fluoride is a mineral that can help strengthen tooth enamel and prevent tooth decay. Eat more fruits, vegetables, and nuts: Eating various fruits and crunchy vegetables can help provide your body with the vitamins and minerals it needs for strong teeth and gums. Nuts also promote healthy teeth and gums, Almonds, for example, are low in sugar, high in fibre, and include minerals such as calcium, while Brazil nuts and cashews help to fight bacteria that lead to tooth decay. Be mindful of snacking: If you’re in the habit of snacking throughout the day, try to limit your snacking to mealtimes. This way, your mouth can neutralise the acid produced by the bacteria in your mouth before you snack again. Remember to clean your tongue: Your tongue can be a breeding ground for bacteria, so remember to clean it daily. This can be done using a tongue scraper or your toothbrush. Eat calcium-rich foods: Another way to protect your teeth from the effects of sugar is to increase your intake of calcium-rich foods, such as milk, sardines and canned salmon, beans and lentils, whey protein, tofu, seeds, cheese, and yoghurt. Calcium can help to strengthen tooth enamel and make it more resistant to acid attack. How Can Affinity Health Help Protect Your Teeth and Gums? Affinity Dental is an advanced dental plan offering intermediary-level dentistry care at an affordable rate. Save on premium dental care through negotiated rates and terms of service with an extensive network of dentists. Silver Plan: The Silver Plan covers your essential dentistry needs for a minimal premium. Gold Plan: In addition to the Silver Plan benefits, the Gold Plan covers Root Canals and Crowns. It also has an increased Specialist Dentistry Benefit. Platinum Plan: The Platinum Plan is our top dental care package, offering the most advanced care with increased benefits. For more information on Affinity Dental, click here. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading provider of health insurance, offering you a range of options at affordable rates including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, your budget, and your lifestyle. Our range of healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to always give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service at all times. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

August 10, 2023

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