Advice from the experts
Parenting Hub

Cradle Cap

Cradle cap, the common term for infantile seborrheic dermatitis, causes scaly patches on a baby’s scalp. Though cradle cap isn’t serious, it can cause thick crusting and white or yellow scales. Cradle cap usually doesn’t require medical treatment. It clears up on its own within a few weeks to months. In the meantime, either use Colief® Baby Scalp Oil with gentle naturally derived ingredients as shown below or wash your baby’s hair once a day with mild baby shampoo and brush the scalp lightly with a soft brush to loosen the scales. If frequent shampooing or scalp oil application doesn’t help, consult your doctor. New Colief® Baby Scalp Oil is formulated, with naturally derived ingredients, to gently moisturise and soothe your baby’s skin and scalp. Colief® Baby Scalp Oil contains: Rosehip Oil – a light moisturiser containing essential fatty acids Omega 3 and Omega 6, which is thought to help hydrate to the skin. Chamomile – renowned for its calming and healing properties, chamomile has been used as a natural anti-inflammatory since ancient times. Vitamin E – a natural antioxidant, thought to help repair and protect the skin. Here’s what some Mums have to say about Colief® Baby Scalp Oil: ‘I used the Colief Baby Scalp Oil with my son in the bath. I didn’t really use it on his head as it isn’t dry and he doesn’t have cradle cap, however he does have dry patches behind his knees and under his arms. I gave him a little massage with the oil in the bath, concentrating on these areas. I loved the texture and his skin now feels soft and smooth (my hands also feel lovely). I will be using it again’ – Lindsey Watson ‘I tried the Colief Baby Scalp Oil out on my daughter’s head and her cradle cap is nearly gone after a few days. She had quite a lot and now her scalp is nearly all clear. It’s definitely the best thing I have tried’ – Melissa Slade

Parenting Hub

The Gro-egg

The Gro-egg is an award winning nursery accessory that looks great and gives parents peace of mind at a glance – The innovative colour changing room thermometer changes colour to let you know whether the temperature of a room is too low, too high or just right; a yellow glow is the recommended ideal temperature 16-20°C, whilst a blue glow indicates it’s cold 16°C and red shows it’s too hot 24°C.  A quick check on the Gro-egg will let you know whether to cool or heat the room, modify the baby’s clothing or use a different tog Grobag Baby Sleep Bag to make your child more comfortable. Grobag come in a variety of different togs to suit the temperature of the child’s nursery; 0.5 tog for warmer temperatures 24-27°C, 1.0 tog for nurseries of 20-23°C, 2.5 tog 16-18°C and for colder winter temperatures of under 16°C the 3.5 tog. It is very important to dress your child correctly and be aware of nursery temperatures to help check your baby isn’t overheating. The Gro Company works closely with The Lullaby Trust a charity that promotes safer sleep practices, they advise that “Babies who get too hot are at an increased risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome… getting a room thermometer will help you create a safer sleeping environment for your baby”. Francine Bates, Chief Executive, The Lullaby Trust The attractive Gro-egg also acts as a gentle night light; its soft glow helps you to check on your baby as they sleep without waking them.   The Gro-egg has an easy to understand colour coded system for parents to recognise when nursery temperatures change so they can keep their children at safe temperatures; Yellow for the ideal temperature as recommended by The Lullaby Trust, red shows too hot 24°C and blue 16°C indicates too cold. Digital thermometer with permanent ‘back-lit’ easy to read LCD readout. It is a gentle night light that reassures parents checking on baby in the dark. Instructions and safe sleep information is supplied with the Gro-egg.    

JustEllaBella

THINGS EVERY PARENT SHOULD KNOW ABOUT LITTLE GIRLS

They are show offs My daughter knows just how to turn it on. She knows that dimpled smile is a “sure thing” to anything she wants. You will be powerless to their charms They are master manipulators It took me a long time to train my husband in my ways. It literally took her minutes. He is no longer whipped by me but by a tiny little girl. Some days I see her looking at me with a glint in her eye and smurk that says “His all mine now!” The nerve! They have medicinal powers No matter how cheesed off I am at the world. She just has to lie on my chest and all is right with the world. They has Diva tendencies Before she learnt to walk or talk but she learnt to “Diva”. She knows how to get her way. Her father stops just short of fanning her with palm leaves while she loungers with her favourite cocktail of Lactogen. I am almost expecting her to demand all white gardenias and Perrier bottled water with her two minute noodles. They are attention junkies Our world already revolves around her but that is not good enough for her. Oh No. If she catches your slipping on the attention front she cracks her proverbial whip. I have seen this tiny human fake laugh to get attention. Last week I took my eyes off her for a second and this attention seeker “accidentally” broke my sunglasses. Quickly back in line! They are fearless I have watched her put her hands in her poo and straight to her mouth! She can stomach just about anything my princess. They are witches She has powers. In the 10 years I know MY husband I have seen him cry a handful of times. None of those times were at my wedding. That very expensive wedding dress, professional make-up, nor those touching vows inspired a single tear drop. Its 10 years and I am still upset about it! This little sorcerer crawls and tears!!!!! Holy Crap! She is good They dance to the beat of their own tune. She stood up without holding onto anything a month ago , My husband grabbed his phone and I froze and held my breath my baby was about to take her first steps. The world stopped turning for me. I was about to witness a human miracle. And what did She do…she started to dance on the spot. Psyche! She did this For two weeks too before she decided to walk. Clearly just to mess with us! Your tot is hands down the cutest you will ever lay eyes on! Made you giggle? Share it, Kennedy will take it as a standing ovation. All Hail Queen Kennedy!

Parenting Hub

Leading By Example

There’s this old saying which goes “You can’t pour from an empty cup”. This resonates with me as I realise that in being a mom, a wife, a friend, a family member, a small business owner, and an employee I forgot to be me. I have been giving and sharing and assisting so much that I am running on empty and did not even realise it. “Eleanor” has been getting the short end of the stick so long it became the norm and I was not living up to my own potential, just doing what has to be done and that is not how I want to live. When I resigned from my full time job earlier this year to pursue a life where I’m part time corporate and part time business owner (while being full time mom) I had a whole other picture in my mind. I envisioned more free time and less stress.  I was going to be on top of my game and do it all myself. I thought what I was doing it to improve my quality of life, but instead the fear of failing in my new venture ended up with me running myself ragged. I lost sight of the point of the life change which was to be more present in my own life and that sucked. But no more! If I am going to be a good mom I first need to be a healthy fulfilled person. The first step was to work on the three most important points;   1. My health and fitness 2. My mental health (anxiety) 3. My need for me time I recently joined an online fitness community/support group, when asked why I wanted to get into shape the answer was simple…I did not want to be ashamed of my body anymore I wanted to run on the beach and play with my son without fear. For this reason I vow to eat better and fit in physical fitness wherever I can. I also paid a visit to my psychologist who I have not seen in three years to talk about my anxiety and I have vowed to give myself “me time every day”. When it comes to parenting , I want to be a better me so I can raise a better him. My whole new philosophy is now teaching by example and improving myself as a way of showing him that changing for the better is always possible. I can’t expect him to eat healthy but stock the fridge with junk. I can’t expect him to be fit and outdoorsy but spend all my time in front of my computer or TV. I can’t expect him to respect me if I am unhappy with myself and do not respect myself. I can’t expect him to treat others with kindness if I do not live compassion every day. I realise it will not be easy, I realise that sometimes I will lose my way, but when I see him interact with people and in his little hand gestures and speech inclinations I hear me, I see me, I realise that I need to build a better me in order to ensure a better him.

Parenting Hub

Review: Babysense Bamboo Receiver Blanket

If you’re looking for receiver blankets for your new baby, look no further than the Babysense Bamboo Receiver Blanket.  Naturally hypoallergenic and beautifully soft to the touch, Babysense Bamboo Receiver Blankets are 100% bamboo fabric! When out and about, the generous size means you can turn one into an impromptu stroller shade or a soft place to lay your baby down.  The 100% bamboo fabric is silky soft, delicate yet durable with a bit of stretch allowing you to wrap your baby totally snug. Babysense Bamboo Receiver Blankets are antibacterial which means that they contain a unique natural antibacterial bio-agent.  They absorb more moisture than cotton and are lightweight with an open weave.  Bamboo is the fastest growing renewable resource on earth.  With no pesticides needed for it’s growth, bamboo is naturally pest and pathogen resistant. The Babysense Baby Receiver Blanket is an absolute basic necessity for the early days.  They are especially convenient for extra warmth, can be used to cover your pram, for feeding and even to cover your baby’s mattress, changing table or play area. The team at Parenting Hub highly recommend that if you are an expectant mom or just looking to buy a gift for a friends’ babyshower, you cannot go wrong with the Babysense Bamboo Receiver Blanket. About the Baby Sense 100% Bamboo muslin blankets 100% Bamboo muslin blankets are part of the high quality Baby Sense product range. The Bamboo muslin is naturally hypoallergenic and perfect as a year-round blanket. It is silky soft to touch and its generous size means you can turn one into an impromptu stroller shade or soft place to lay your baby on. Its delicate, yet durable weave with a little bit of a stretch, allow you to wrap your baby nice and snug. The benefits of a Bamboo muslin receiver are that it is antibacterial, it absorbs more moisture than cotton, it is naturally silky to the touch, breathable and eco-friendly. About Baby Sense: At Baby Sense, everything we do is inspired by wonderful moms, and is perfected over many years. It all starts with a strong foundation of expert knowledge and practical learning, and results in beautiful, practical and well researched products that moms across the country have come to rely on. Our products and services include a range of parenting books, baby products, apps, articles, seminars and workshops plus loads of tips and advice that has all been developed by leading parenting experts. We’re all about designing products and providing information to empower parents around the world to experience this most precious and fascinating journey confidently and beautifully. For more information, visit www.babysense.com or visit our Facebook page www.facebook.com/babysense or follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/babysense

Good Night Baby

Stopping Night Feeds In A Young Toddler

It is important to note that everyone wakes up spontaneously many times during the night. So, even if  your toddler is ‘sleeping through’ the fact is that he is probably waking up at least 4 – 5 times a night.  Most of the time he will simply stir, turn over or call out, but will be able to go back to sleep.  Should he wake fully, he will be able to go back to sleep independently by using comforting and familiar methods that he knows such as finger sucking, holding onto or snuggling down with a security object.  Poor sleepers, however, wake in the same way, but are unable to self soothe to go back to sleep without some sort of external intervention from a care giver such as being stroked or tickled, given a drink or having a parent sleep alongside them.  These children therefore have difficulty staying asleep and wake up frequently in the night. As long as your child is not ill, it is important to know that toddlers do not need any nutritional support during the night in the form of milk feeds.  A bedtime milk feed is always a good idea as it is a lovely end to the day where you can spend some quality “cuddle” time with your little toddler.  Try to ensure that the feed is completed before your child falls asleep. Getting rid of night time feeds Remove the expectation of this middle of the night “event”, and he will no longer wake up for it.  So, if he is used to breastfeeding or getting a bottle of milk or juice in the middle of the night, stop offering it, and he will soon stop waking for it. As long as weaning off the breast is done with a lot of emotional support from all the child’s parents, nanny etc, it should not interfere too much with his sleep patterns.  However, if he has a sleep association with the breast, he will need plenty of reassurance when he wakes in the night expecting a feed !!  Stay with him, hold him and rock him until he is asleep (no matter how much he protests!)  Do this each time he wakes.  Offer him sips of water in case he is thirsty.  When he is happy to comforted without a feed, but still needs you to be there, begin sleep training.  Be firm and loving, and most of all consistent.  Yes, it is as simple as that!  It is important to implement sleep training with each waking session no matter how much he protests. If you are trying to break a feeding-to-sleep habit, pick him up if he does not settle, and gently rock him until he falls asleep, no matter how much he protests.  Only place him back into his cot when he is asleep.  Repeat this each time he wakes.  It may take a few sessions (maybe a day or two) for him to learn that he doesn’t need to feed in order to fall asleep.  With a bit of luck he will simply stop waking, but he may need some persuasion to go back to sleep totally unassisted, so you will need to move to the next step when you are ready. Getting rid of rocking to sleep habit Sometimes it will be easier for you to settle your little one, then leave the room for short periods of time to enable you to catch your breath and regroup your emotions, so when he wakes you up in the middle of the night expecting to be rocked back to sleep, Pick him up and hold him close until he stops crying. As soon as he is calm and drowsy, but not asleep, place him gently back into his cot. Say some soothing words and walk away from the cot, even if he begins to protest. Stay away from him for one minute, then return to his side if he is still protesting. Pick him up and settle him (no matter how long it takes). Reinforce the sleep object. When he is calm and drowsy, but not asleep, place him gently back into his cot. This time, wait for two minutes before going back to him if he is still crying, then repeat your calming strategies. If necessary, repeat the procedure, each time adding two minutes of crying time before going back in to soothe or settle him. Keep going each time he wakes in the night, starting from one minute of separation at the start of each session. The hardest part, of course, is to follow through with the behaviour management each time he wakes in the night expecting to be fed or rocked back to sleep. Persevere, it will be worth it! BY ANN RICHARDSON

Parenting Hub

When Do You Know Your Child Is Ready For Chapter Books?

We often think that pushing our kids to read chapter books and away from picture books is a sign that they are more advanced readers.  Being the first to learn to read in the class may look impressive but you run the risk that that same pressure will in fact diminish a child’s independent love of reading and hold her back from achieving later on. Do not think that just because chapter books have more text, full paragraphs and fewer pictures, they are therefore more complex than picture books. Children learn certain critical comprehension skills from picture books that cannot be taught through chapter books, such as: interpreting pictures based on the information given in the text; understanding that there is more to a story than what the words convey; and visualizing a story in their own mind. Furthermore a well-chosen picture book is rich in language and vocabulary which promotes better reading comprehension. As your young child starts becoming a reader do not be tempted to throw away all the picture books on the shelf.  In the transition phase the parent should alternate reading chapter books and picture books to their child. In our house my 7 year old daughter practises her aloud reading as she reads her reader from school and any other picture book she wants. At the same time I read to her at night.  At the moment I am busy reading “James and the Giant Peach” by Roald Dahl to her. However, some nights she wants me to read one of her favourite picture books and I do that without question. I know she is still developing vital reading skills from the picture book. Parent tip: Simply spend time enjoying (all kinds of) books with your children

Parenting Hub

Childhood Obesity

Globally, obesity is rapidly on the rise.  For the first time in the history of mankind,  the number of people who are overweight or obese measure up to the number of people who are underweight due to hunger.  It has been estimated that if something is not done about the surge of obesity, half of all people will be overweight/obese by 2030. The most worrying is that this trend is not only seen amongst our adult population but also amongst children.  Over a decade, overweight has increased from 10.6% to 18.2% in South African children aged 2 – 5 years.  Consistently, girls and female adults are more affected.  South Africa further carries a double burden of malnutrition with not only rising rates of childhood obesity but also still high prevalence of child undernutrition.  Undernutrition places a child at especially high risk for developing obesity, which then promotes the vicious cycle which we are grappling with in the current socio-economic environment. Being overweight or obese increases one’s risk of heart disease and stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes and certain cancers.  Overweight or obese children have an increased risk of developing these diseases earlier in life and are more likely to remain obese throughout their adult life.  Not only does obesity have far reaching health effects for a child, but it also has vast social and economic implications.  These can include bullying, teasing and low self-esteem, as well as increased healthcare costs and loss of income later in life. So what then is the cause for the increase in obesity amongst our children?  Poverty, unhealthy diets and physical inactivity are largely to blame.  According to Dr Vash Mungal-Singh, CEO of the HSFSA, “Our children are being brought up in an obesogenic environment where unhealthy foods are aggressively marketed to them, time in front of computers and televisions are increasing and appropriate environments for children to be active, safely, are few and far between.”  With urbanisation we have also seen an increase in the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, energy-dense, nutrient poor foods and lower consumption of fruit and vegetables. Poor feeding practises early in a child’s life further exacerbates the problem.  Studies have shown that there is a link between low birth weight and overweight later in life due to overfeeding as an infant.  The introduction of ‘weaning foods’ too early (<6 months of age) is another key driver of obesity later in life.  In fact a child’s risk starts even before birth with the health and diet of the mother, a concept referred to as the importance of the first 1000 days of a child’s life (from conception to 2 years of age).  Poverty has an overarching impact within this context.  Lower income groups tend to have higher obesity rates as they opt for foods that are cheap and the most filling, which often means high in energy, fat, sugar and salt with very little other nutritional value.  The pregnant mother and young child are most affected. It is clear that obesity is in fact a very complex problem that requires a multi-pronged approach.  We are therefore very fortunate to have the support of the National Department of Health in tackling this epidemic with a clear strategy and bold target to decrease the prevalence of obesity by 10% by 2020.  This strategy builds on the guidelines of the WHO initiative on ending childhood obesity and includes a wide spectrum of activities including policy and legislative change, education, access to healthy foods and safe places to be active. The HSFSA wants to encourage all parents and caregivers to take action and play their part to prevent overweight and obesity in their own children, starting with the pregnant mother.  It is imperative for all pregnant mothers to get appropriate care before, during and after pregnancy to ensure the healthy weight and growth of their babies.   Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of an infant’s life, followed by appropriate complementary foods is a very effective way in reducing the risk of obesity.  Providing healthy foods for young children and adolescents, limiting the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and encouraging play time rather than TV time are all great strategies to combat overweight and obesity. Sources: For the first time in the history of mankind,  the number of people who are overweight or obese measure up to the number of people who are underweight due to hunger. (Global Issues. Obesity. (2010). URL: http://www.globalissues.org/article/558/obesity) It has been estimated that if something is not done about the surge of obesity, half of all people will be overweight/obese by 2030 (Dobbs, R. et al. (2014). Overcoming obesity: an initial economic analysis. McKinsey Global Institute.) Over a decade, overweight has increased from 10.6% to 18.2% in South African children aged 2 – 5 years. (Shisana, O, et al, & SANHANES-1 Team (2013) South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1). Cape Town: HSRC Press.) Studies have shown that there is a link between low birth weight and overweight later in life due to overfeeding as an infant. (Vasylyeva, T.L., Barche, A., & Chennasamudram, S.P. (2013). Obesity in prematurely born children and adolescents: follow up in pediatric clinic: Nutrition Journal 2013, 12:150, http://www.nutritionj.com/content/12/1/150) Consistently, girls and female adults are more affected. South Africa further carries a double burden of malnutrition with not only rising rates of childhood obesity but also still high prevalence of child undernutrition.  (Arington, C. & Case, A. (2013). Health: Analysis of the NIDS Wave 1 Dataset. National Income Dynamic Study. URL: http://www.nids.uct.ac.za/publications/discussion-papers/wave-1-papers) The Heart and Stroke Foundation South Africa (HSFSA) shines a spotlight on ending childhood obesity.

Parenting Hub

How To Teach Children About Appropriate Sexual Behaviour

I recently endured a rather nasty experience with a man who quite clearly did not understand sexual boundaries and the concept of consent.  Having left me feeling in turn helpless, bewildered and angry; it got me thinking: If this is how I feel as an adult woman with good communication skills and world experience, how can we empower our children so that they are less likely to be victimised? I don’t think I’m alone when I admit that I have experienced several incidents of inappropriate sexual behaviour right from when I was a child through to adulthood, at work and privately.  The trouble is that there’s a stigma attached to talking about it.  This is partly because we figure we should just be strong and ‘bite the bullet’ and maybe because we feel partially responsible?  Could we have unintentionally encouraged the behaviour by being too open, too friendly, too flirtatious, too provocatively dressed, etc.? There have been a few school incidents I have heard about recently which indicate to me that our children desperately need to learn about sexual boundaries and appropriate sexual behaviour.  We don’t want them turning into adults who continue the culture of entitlement, sexual harassment and sexual violence so prevalent in South Africa. Children need to learn: What is regarded as natural, healthy sexual behaviour? When and what is inappropriate sexual behaviour? How are our laws supposed to protect children? What can kids can do if they need help? What is natural, healthy sexual behaviour pre-puberty? The truth is that most children experiment with some kind of sexual behaviour before the age of thirteen. Most of it is normal and healthy.  Even very young children experience pleasurable sensations from touching their own genitals and feel sexually aroused, without knowing or understanding what sexual arousal actually is.  Many children indulge their curiosity about each other’s bodies by looking (you show me yours and I’ll show you mine) and/or touching in games like playing ‘doctor’ or ‘house’ where they can try out gender roles and behaviours. The key is that healthy play of this kind is usually light-hearted and spontaneous, with children of similar age and size, and participation is voluntary.   Also, this curiosity would normally be balanced by curiosity about other aspects of their lives.  Even though this kind of sexual exploration may result in embarrassment (especially if caught or found out) it would not normally leave the child with deep feelings of anger, shame or anxiety.  Usually if children are discovered and told to stop, the behaviour lessens, at least in front of adults. How adults handle children involved in this sort of healthy sexual play can have a huge effect on the child later in life.  Getting angry, showing your shock or disgust or making the child feel guilty is not the way to handle it, even if the behaviour is inappropriate.  Distracting smaller children and clearly explaining our societal rules for sexual behaviour is the best way to teach your children. Here’s what you need to cover: Certain behaviours are socially acceptable in public and others aren’t.  It depends on one’s age and where you are. e.g. In many cultures it’s okay for small children or babies to be naked in public, but it isn’t okay for bigger children to do this, and against the law for teens and adults.  It’s okay to show affection like a hug or hold hands, but it isn’t socially acceptable for teens or adults to French kiss and touch each other’s private parts in public, and in some countries it is even illegal to kiss or hold hands!  It is certainly against the law to display any sexual behaviour or have sex in public. Other behaviour is only okay for your private space.  For example, you can throw a tantrum in your room but it isn’t acceptable to shout and scream at other people or show aggression in public.  Although it is normal for children to touch their own genitals, it is something to be done in private not public.  Children do not have to be ashamed or guilty about masturbating, but it should not become an obsession either – that’s not healthy.  If your culture and religion has firm rules about masturbation explain these and why these rules are important to you and your family. We are all entitled to have our own personal space.  This is to do with privacy and etiquette/good manners.  For example, it isn’t okay to go right up to someone you don’t know and touch them. When we’re getting to know people, we gradually build up intimacy so that eventually with friends or people we care about, it becomes okay to break into each other’s personal space, as long as they’re okay with that.  We all need privacy, so discuss which areas of your home are private areas; e.g. the toilet, the bathroom, bedrooms.  Make rules you all agree to, e.g. no locking doors, knock before entering, not allowed in without permission. When and what is inappropriate sexual behaviour in children? Many factors influence children’s sexual development  – the environment in which they grow, develop and interact has a big influence on their knowledge, attitudes and behaviours.  In establishing whether the sexual behaviour of young people is normal, concerning or harmful, it’s important to consider the current social, cultural and familial context.   We need to understand what their behaviour is telling us. Children show their wants and needs through their behaviour, and don’t always have the language, experience or ability to get help, so adults must look carefully at the behaviour to interpret it.  It’s essential to think about why the child or teen is exhibiting the behaviour and also the nature of the behaviour, the location and the frequency must be taken into account. A broad guideline with examples from the Traffic Lights Guide to Sexual Behaviour in Children and Young People is below. The full brochure with red, orange and green light behaviour by age is obtainable

Parenting Hub

Latching A Premature Baby

Congratulations, your baby has arrived! But she’s a little earlier than expected. You will most likely find yourself in very unfamiliar territory. Your baby is hooked up to machines and you have been discharged from hospital without her. Things are not going as you thought they would and quite frankly it can all be very scary. One of the first questions you may be asking is… when and how can I breastfeed my baby? Firstly, breastmilk is absolutely the best food for your baby. The sooner she can get it, the better. If your baby has been taken to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), it is important that you begin expressing within 3 hours following birth. The hospital should have an excellent grade of breast pump sterile and ready for you to use. They will also be able to guide you regarding storage of breastmilk for your baby. The sucking and swallowing reflexes do not fully mature until about 36 weeks gestation. Your baby will need to be able to coordinate these reflexes simultaneously in order to drink milk. For this reason, your baby may be fed your expressed colostrum and later breastmilk through a nasogastric tube (a tube that is fed through the nose and directly into your baby’s stomach) until she is ready and able to latch. At this stage, it is a good idea to offer your baby a dummy during feeds. By doing this, your baby will learn to associate suckling with the feeling of fullness. If you are able, you can also hold your baby at your breast during tube feedings. Work closely with hospital staff as well as a qualified lactation consultant during this time as they will be able to determine when your baby is ready to nurse.  In the mean time, continue to express every 3 hours during the day and every 4 to 5 hours at night in order generate a good milk supply. You may also want to ask your healthcare professional to help you spend some time with your baby in Kangaroo Care – this has been proven to not only speed up growth and development in premature babies but also to help establish and maintain successful breastfeeding. Time To Latch The time has come and you have finally been given the go ahead to latch and feed your baby. Bear in mind that this will generally be a slow and easy process. One feed at a time and often this feed will be interspersed with much resting in-between. This is a season when you and your baby are getting to know one another and feeding can initially take lots of practice until you both get it right. Feeds will start with just one a day at your baby’s happiest time of day and gradually be built up over a few days until your baby is strong enough to come off of the nasogastric tube and breastfeed completely. Ideally one should sit comfortably in a quiet and private area, close to any equipment that is needed. Use pillows to support your back and another to support your baby. Be sure to avoid any unnecessary stimulation such as bright lights, loud noises, stroking, rocking or even talking to your baby – this can all be very overwhelming for your baby. remember that learning this new skill of feeding at the breast requires a great deal of energy and attention from your baby. Some mothers find it best to express a little before attempting to feed as this will encourage the let down reflex without baby having to work too hard. The cradle hold is favoured by most perm babies as well as their mothers. Hold your baby at the same level as your breast, supporting her entire body with your forearm. Use your free hand for additional support on her neck and shoulders. Once baby has latched you can remove this additional support and relax. Make sure that tiny hands and arms are out of the way as this can cause unnecessary frustration for both you and your baby. Gently guide your baby’s mouth towards your nipple stroking her top lip to encourage latching. Unless part of your breast is actually touching your baby’s face, she will not know that the breast is there. Because of the immature neurological system of  preterm infant, your baby may not open her mouth automatically to latch right away. Gently moving your baby’s face away from the breast and then bringing her back might help. Alternatively, you can try pulling down on her chin with one finger and waiting for her tongue to drop down to the base of her mouth before gently guiding her to latch. If this method still does not work or if it is needed for more than a couple of attempts, it would be wise to make use of a nipple shield until your baby is able to respond appropriately. Try to refrain from holding your breast with your free hand while feeding as this can limit baby’s ability to latch resulting in poor milk transfer and possibly, sore nipples. Avoid touching your baby’s face while feeding. Her routing reflex will develop at around 33 weeks gestation and touching the cheeks, lips or chin may cause your baby to turn towards your touch rather than towards your breast. If your little one’s nose is pressed up against your breast, do not push your breast in to make space as this may cause her to come off the breast. Rather, gently adjust your elbow and tuck her bottom in closer to you – this should angle her nose up giving her space to breathe. Should your baby experience gulping or choking, adjust her position to make sure that her head is now lying higher than her tummy. If this does not help, you may want to express a little before attempting to feed as this will allow your baby to nurse with a less intense milk flow until

Parenting Hub

Avoid the January financial slump – get into gear for the school run!

By 1Life  In between convincing your child to do their homework and fetching them on time for their extra mural activity, the cost of schooling and education may not be at the top of every parent’s mind – however, the cost of schooling can often be trying on the monthly budgets as you battle everything from text books to school clothes for children that seem to grow faster every year. Did you know that according to Stats SA the cost of education in South Africa rose by 9.3%* in March 2015 compared to March last year. Added to that, the rand/dollar exchange rate contributed to a rising costs in school textbooks and materials, resulting in  South African families  having to make more room in their already-tight budgets to afford the rising education costs. In light of these rising costs, 1Life provides helpful tips and advice to parents in preparation for the financial commitments ahead for 2016 and encourages parents not to wait for January, but to rather start now and avoid the post festive season rush. Use these simple, yet effective, tips to make the 2016 school run, your best yet: Start looking around for what your child needs Use the last few months of the year to start looking around for school supplies that your child may need going into the new school year. Compare prices, opt for the more affordable options and include these into your monthly budget planning – even buy some of it now, to avoid having to fork out too much later, and all at once. Start with stationery supplies such as pens, pencils, erasers, rulers, a pencil case or three – if you buy these now, you’ll save money before the beginning of the year rush and price increases. Only buy brand new, if you need to While you may want your child to have brand new school supplies going into their new grade, do they really need a brand new school jersey or can they use the one from the previous year? Always ask yourself these questions before purchasing school items: does it need to be brand new or can one from the school second hand shop do just fine? You can also speak to parents of children in higher grades than yours to see if they are prepared to hand their old clothes down, particularly for expensive items such as jerseys, blazers, dri-macs etc. This will free up some extra cash within your budget for other necessities. If your child has expressed an interest in a certain sport, avoid buying all the top line equipment, rather go second hand or less expensive initially so that if he or she loses interest, you won’t be too badly out of pocket. Try not to overspend during the festive season Although it may be easy to get carried away during the festive season, getting lured into your favourite shops to buy at your heart’s desire and spoil your loved ones – remember that your child’s education should remain a priority. Spend within your means and always make provision for extra things that pop up during the school year – school trips, cake and candy sales, Valentine’s Day celebrations, civvies days etc. It is also a good idea to put any additional money such as bonuses, or even part of your December salary away before the festive season gets into full swing – to make sure you have the money you need when the school run starts. Become money savvy this year, to help you for next year Why not register for a money management and education course which will provide practical guidance on how to best manage your money. In fact, this can be done easily and for free through 1Life’s Truth About Money initiative. Here, you can learn about sound money management through a free 8-hour online financial education course. You are also able to take advantage of debt management should you currently feel overwhelmed by your existing debt as well as plan for your family’s future with will and estate planning. In fact, 1Life are giving away 10 Truth About Money online courses (each course valued at R1 500) to 10 lucky readers who would like to get their finances on track, not just for the January school run but for the rest of their lives. To stand a chance of winning this life-changing financial literacy course simply answer the below question: Which long term insurance company started the Truth About Money initiative? We encourage parents to develop good money management habits and pass these onto your children from a young age to help them develop a good perception of managing money, as early as possible for a stable and promising financial future. Planning for the new school year ahead can be both expensive and stressful for parents – but it doesn’t have to be. Start putting effective financial measures in place as early as possible, both for the school run and the rest of the year, giving yourself the peace of mind that your child’s school needs are covered! *http://www.bdlive.co.za/national/education/2015/04/28/cost-of-education-rises-double-that-of-inflation

Good Night Baby

To Chiro Or Not To Chiro

By Dr. Nicole Louw MTech Chiropractic (UJ) MCASA Is chiropractic safe for my children? Why should my child get checked, she feels fine? You have your children’s teeth checked, and most schools do an eye and hearing exam yearly, so why don’t you have regular health check ups? Children’s bodies are physically weaker than adults, so they have a better chance of experiencing spinal subluxations (a vertebrae out of place that is pinching a nerve and causing problems) while doing every day activities. Why wait till your child is sick to bring them into the chiropractor? Subluxations can exist for a long time without causing any pain, but deficiencies in other areas, while they may not be noticeable, may be present the entire time. Let’s start from the beginning. The very beginning, before your child is even born. You should be receiving spinal checkups as often as weight check ups. Subluxations cause uneven blood flow to parts of your body, including the uterus. If your baby isn’t getting enough blood, they may not be getting enough oxygen, which is more important during the development process than you think. Lack of oxygen to the uterus can cause several complications early in infancy, which could lead to such tragic events as SIDS. Next we’ll look at when the baby is born. A newborn’s spine can be twisted and turned from birth. As hard as labor is on the mother, think of how hard it is on the baby! Abraham Towbin, MD states: “The birth process…is potentially a traumatic, crippling event… mechanical stress imposed on obstetrical manipulation—even the application of standard orthodox procedures may prove intolerable to the foetus…most signs of neonatal injury observed in the delivery room are neurological…” Now, we’ll look at the infants first week. Research is ongoing, and with each study done, more and more credit is being given to chiropractic health care in the importance of the health of children. In a study done on 1,250 infants who were examined five days after birth, 211 of them were experiencing vomiting, hyperactivity, and sleeplessness, and subluxations were found in 95% of them. The researchers in this study were all Medical Doctors (MD’s) and they all recognised the power of chiropractic. The babies were given the spinal care they needed, and it worked. The researchers (remember, these are MD’s we’re talking about) noted that the spinal adjustment resulted in “immediate quieting,  cessation of crying, and muscular relaxation and sleepiness.” Chiropractic and Colic Colic. One of the worst words a parent of a newborn can hear. Your baby cries for hours on end and there is nothing you can do about it. What’s worse than the disturbing, high pitched screaming that doesn’t stop and has no apparent cause, is the fact that there is nothing you can do to help your child when it sounds like they need help the most. It’s heartbreaking to hear your baby screaming like it’s in pain, and being able to do nothing about it. Well, almost nothing. This is where chiropractic comes in. If your baby experienced a longer pushing stage, or any type of assisted delivery (i.e. – forceps, vacuum, etc.) there is a good chance that they have subluxations. Babies with significant enough subluxations, or subluxations in certain areas, may have big problems, and they can’t tell you about them. Because of these subluxations, major systems in the body may not function correctly, such as the digestive system, and your baby may not be able to digest breast milk like he or she should, possibly causing gas and bloating. The flexed legs, clenched fists, and tensed abdominal muscles point to a pain in the abdominal region, but that hasn’t been proven. What has been proven, however, is that chiropractic adjustments can work. Medical doctors (those you would find at a hospital) may prescribe dimethicone drops, or gas drops, that are the standard, and vastly ineffective treatment. Others may say it’s a sensitivity to breast milk and may advise providing a lactose-free milk, which has also proven to be ineffective. Studies done at the University of Southern Denmark have reported that colicky babies who received chiropractic care cried far less than those receiving the standard gas drops prescribed by medical doctors. This study was done on behalf of the National Health Service, and found chiropractic to have no negative side effects on infants, which is “standard” for chiropractic! Another study was done in South Africa, by Mercer and Cook. In this study, 30 infants who were medically diagnosed as having colic, were randomly divided into two groups. One group received chiropractic care while the other did not. Each infant in the study was 0-8 weeks old and diagnosed with colic by a paediatrician. For this study, the group who received chiropractic care received it for two weeks with a six adjustment maximum. The results were impressive. In the group who received chiropractic care, 93% had completely resolved symptoms in just the two week period. A little shorter than the “wait 3 months for it to run its course” plan that most medical doctors will tell you. Something even more impressive was the one month follow up assessment. The infants who received chiropractic care had seen no symptoms one month after receiving chiropractic care. For those of you who don’t feel comfortable relying on studies done in different countries (although much medical research comes from other countries), here is one from the Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. It is a randomised clinical trial published in 1999, and in this study, researchers assigned infants diagnosed with colic into two groups, one to receive chiropractic care for two weeks and the other to receive the popular (and basically ineffective) anti-gas medication dimethicone for two weeks. The babies receiving chiropractic treatment showed a decrease of 68% in crying, while the other group only showed a decrease of 38%. Chiropractic care is a conservative, gentle, and very successful option for treating infants with colic. Chiropractic adjustments for infants are specific, gentle, and safe. In the hands of an experienced chiropractor, many infants sleep right through the adjustment. An infant adjustment utilises no more pressure than someone applying make up to their face. Next time you are told “there is nothing you can do except wait it out,” just smile, nod, and bring your child right to the chiropractor, because a healthy baby makes a happy home.

Parenting Hub

Imperial Road Safety and South Africa’s Department of Education (DoE) embark on National Learner Road Safety Campaign

Imperial Road Safety announced the launch of a joint project, the National Learner Road Safety Campaign – sanctioned by The South African Department of Basic Education. The campaign aims at generating awareness around road safety for learner pedestrians – at schools that are in need of an outreach programme – and ensures that they are given access to reflective clothing. 45 000 reflective sashes will be handed out over this time, within the foundation phase, which – as a result of the DBE’s commitment to road safety – will be made a mandatory part of the children’s school uniform. Says Niki Cronje, Group Marketing at Imperial: “Protecting our children and giving them access to extended education is key and as such, we are very proud to have initiated yet another solid road safety campaign such as this. Not only does it create a platform for stronger education around road safety for those less fortunate young pedestrians but, very importantly, it provides a key opportunity to ensure that reflective clothing becomes a key part of these children’s lives – an extension of themselves in the aim of ensuring safer travels.” “There is no doubt that road safety education should form as much a part of the school curriculum as do other learning subjects and through this campaign we are able to offer just this – the campaign offers an opportunity to introduce the concept and key aspects of road safety to learners, and to ensure that road safety is seen as a serious matter in this regard,” says Mr Baba Malaka, Assistant Director at the Department of Basic Education. The National Learner Road Safety Campaign, launched in Cape Town, is an extension of Imperial’s Scholar Patrol Improvement Project which, since its launch in 2012, has reached 700 schools, taught 606 059 learners, trained 2 800 teachers and reached numerous different communities within South Africa. In addition to this, the company has painted 17.5km kilometres of zebra crossings, erected 1 400 Stop signs and 1 400 ‘Scholar patrol ahead’ signs, as well as handed over 4 200 bibs. While Imperial will certainly maintain the scholar patrol programme at these 700 schools, they identified a further need in providing increased education at this level. As such, the Leaner Road Safety Education is a solid addition to this campaign – in the spirit of creating safer roads for all. The National Learner Road Safety Campaign will aim to visit over 300 schools and reach a quarter of a million young students, over the next year. During these visits, the Imperial Road Safety team will educate learners around the rules of the road and give them key, practical advice and road safety tips to ensure that they are able to remain safe while walking to and from school, as well as while crossing the necessary roads. “However, we realise that 300 schools is just touching the surface and as such, in the near future, we will expand this project to include the two major transport corridors In South Africa, namely: Joburg – Maputo and Joburg – Beit Bridge. This enables us to extend this campaign across a vast amount of schools and ensure we are changing the lives of those that are most vulnerable – our children,” continues Cronje. “Imperial Road Safety takes a consistent approach and has a solid, widespread focus on developing road safety campaigns that get to the root of road safety issues in South Africa for our learners, and we are proud to sanction this initiative, one that is set to be a revolutionary pedestrian campaign,” continues Mr Malaka. “Road crash fatality information indicates that approximately 35-40% of road deaths in South Africa are pedestrian deaths. As such, we believe that creating awareness and education from grass root level around key road safety aspects, and to encourage the youth to become advocates for change in this regard, is the first step in achieving less pedestrian incidents – especially among these young people who are heavily reliant on walking as a method of transport,” concludes Cronje. * https://arrivealive.co.za/Pedestrian-Safety-Advice 

Parenting Hub

Life After Matric – How To Decide

This month, hundreds of thousands of young South African are sitting the most important exams of their schooling years.  But the pressures at this time are a lot more than the stresses of studying and the anxieties about how they are going to perform.  It is also a time of facing incredible uncertainties about the huge life-changes that are looming up ahead and the big decisions that need to be made about their lives after matric. We put Samantha Pretorius, Counselling Psychologist and Head of Programme at SACAP (the South African College of Applied Psychology) on the couch to answer burning questions from South African matriculants and parents about how best to make these all-important decisions: How can a parent support their matriculant to make a career decision that might not be what the parent imagined? Parents need to be as open-minded as possible so that they can acknowledge and support the individuality of their child.  You can’t assume that your career path would be good for your child; or that it wouldn’t just because you did not enjoy it.  Conflict with someone as influential as a parent about what to do after matric, can prevent your child from getting on a path to success that is right for them.  If you have high hopes for a doctor or a lawyer in the family, and your child is passionate about graphic design, pushing your agenda can have a seriously negative impact. You have to remember that the impact of your perspective is huge.  Children care what their parents think of them throughout their lives, whether they admit it or not.  It is a great time to let go of the authoritarian role and instead become a fellow explorer and collaborator.  Showing an interest helps so much, as does practical support such as taking them to open days at potential higher educational institutions.  Parents can help with the research of different careers fields and types of jobs.  They can activate their networks to find work shadow opportunities and help find bursary options.  What they need to avoid at this sensitive stage is getting into power struggles.  It is not helpful to be saying: ‘I’m paying for this, so you will…’  Keeping your focus on your unique child’s life satisfaction and future happiness will be a reliable guide for you as to what to do and say.  It is also very important to realise that your child is part of the fast-moving, quickest-changing generation known in history.  Career expectations, opportunities and trajectories have fundamentally changed over the last few decades.  The goal of 3-decade long career with one company, in one industry has been completely overturned.  The rate of tech-driven change is so fast that there will even be a host of different careers available straight after your child has graduated from post-school studies.  The wise choice at this time is to be open-minded and collaborative. What’s the best way to make a decision that will affect the rest of my life? It is incredibly daunting for a 17 or 18 year old to think that they are making a decision that will affect the rest of their life.  It helps to settle the fears by going through the process of making a holistic decision that takes into account everything that you know about yourself.  To begin that process you need to gather all the information you can about yourself; consider, reflect on and know your skills, values, passions, talents and abilities really well.  During this information-gathering phase it also helps to consult with people you trust and have your best interests at heart.  Those might be your parents, teachers, other family members or select peers.  Find out from them what they perceive about your skills, values, passions, talents and abilities and consider their feedback.   You can then start to identify career fields that you are aligned to.  Make sure you have an understanding of the different kinds of career opportunities that may be available to you in those fields once you have graduated from further studies. If you struggle to find the resources to go through this process alone you can go through a career counselling process with a psychologist who will collaborate with you and help you through this process. This could include psychometric testing which can be a reassuring confirmation of what you already know or provide new insights that you have not considered before. What if I make the wrong choice? It may seem right now that your life itself hangs in the balance with the answer to the question: ‘What will you do after matric?’  It is important to remember that while it is possible that you may not make the so-called ‘perfect’ choice initially, even a ‘wrong’ decision results in invaluable learning.  For instance, if you now choose a particular degree and after your first year of study you are sure it is not for you, you have still gained a great year of new knowledge, skills and experience through the one year of training you have undergone.  You will have still grown as a person.  You need to try and see this not as a ‘waste’ of your time or of finances.  More often than not, our greatest learning and most vigorous personal growth come from our ‘mistakes’.  It helps to take the heat off your decision-making process to take on the perspective that a ‘wrong’ choice at this stage can be rectified in time, and you still would have gained many other skills from your experience, such as study skills, self-management skills, perhaps leadership and time management skills.  There’s no doubt you would have improved your self-knowledge.  This helps you to take on a more positive approach where you are willing to explore and open to changing course when you realise you need something different. What if I don’t know what I want to do after Matric? Should I be taking a gap year? What is the advantage of taking one? Gap

Parenting Hub

It’s Okay To Ask For Help!

As kids we were always dependant on our parents for one thing or another.  As we get older we yearn for the day when we will be totally independent, able to do our own thing, make our own decisions. Then one day that magical moment arrives, we are finally free! The sad thing about gaining independence is that somewhere along the way we seem to learn that asking for help is no longer okay.  We learn instead that somehow asking for help is equated with being weak or incompetent.  How many times have you not heard a teacher say “There is no such thing as a stupid question?” someone asks a question and the class bursts out laughing at the “stupid question”. We rather pretend that everything is okay, we struggle along, and making decisions that keep us stuck in situations or set us completely on the wrong track.  We do this to ourselves  all because we are too afraid or embarrassed to put our hand up and say “I’ve made a mistake I need help” or “I don’t know what to do, can you help me?” Effectively we end up living in fear. Fear of failure or “looking stupid” is probably what limits most of us from stepping out and trying something new.  We look up to those around us who seem to have it all together. Remember that they also started somewhere. Nobody is born knowing everything.  It’s probably what makes mentoring so powerful.  Mentors are people who have gained knowledge, experience and skills in a certain field and are willing to share this with those willing to learn. There are more people out there than we realise.  All that they are waiting for is someone to ask them for help.  Yes, of course there will be that handful that “won’t have the time”, ignore them. So here is a challenge for you. Start by acknowledging that you cannot honestly and effectively solve all of your challenges on your own.  Whether they are personal or work related it does not really matter.  What matters is how feeling stuck and unable to solve this riddle called life impacts on you.  If you are feeling overwhelmed it is a sign you could do with some help. The next step then is to find someone you can trust, not someone who has a vested interest in the outcome of the challenge, someone who can be completely objective and help you regain perspective.  This person could be another mom who has three kids in contrast to your one, or it could be someone who also started a one-man service business and are now successful.  Sometimes using the services of a professional Life Coach or Mentor could be the right option for you.  Find someone appropriate who can effectively help you deal with your specific challenge. Now the next step is the biggest step.  Ask that person if they would be able to assist you.  If they say yes, make the appointment and meet with them. Coffee dates can be very effective.  Be mindful of the person’s time, so come to the meeting prepared. And yes, you pay for the coffee! If for some reason they do say no, please do not take it as a reflection of you.  They too have their own stuff to deal with. Re-assess and find someone else. Once you’ve taken the step to ask for help once, it does become easier. Asking for help is in my opinion a sign of maturity, it shows that you are aware that you have limitations and that is okay, even healthy. Most of the challenges that life will through your way you will always be able to handle.  For that odd occasion when it feels as if the wheels have come off, remember that there is someone who can help you, it really is okay to ask for help.  

Parenting Hub

Exam Headaches

A recent study conducted at the University of Parakou found that the main triggering factors for headaches and migraines in students were sleeplessness and mental fatigue. Researchers collected the height and weight of each student, to study the factors associated with migraines. Researchers found that of 1200 students that returned their questionnaires, who were 842 males and 358 females, 171 fulfilled migraine criteria. The overall prevalence of migraines was 14.2% in each student. The main associated factors in the study were the sex of the student and family history of headaches. According to Dr Elliot Shevel the Chairman of the South African division of the International Headache Society; headaches have become an ordinary occurrence for students around exam times and many of them feel helpless when dealing with this problem. Exam stress often brings on headaches and migraines and pupils become overwhelmed by the immense pressure of performing at their best and their state of health often gets neglected. Dr. Shevel the Chairman of the South African division of the International Headache Society has the following advice for students: Dietary headache is a common affliction for students. These are usually triggered by foods that assist with energy such as caffeine and chocolate. Take note of which foods trigger headaches for you by keeping a diary and avoid these foods. A Dietary Trigger Diary is available at free of charge to assist you. Remember that skipping meals is a surefire trigger for headaches. Eat in moderation and enjoy your meals. Be aware of your posture when studying as this can result in a tension headache. Use a good chair that supports your back and that gives the ideal posture. Visit http://www.theheadacheclinic.net/ to get a free copy of the Ideal Computer Posture. Learn some easy stretching exercises to stretch the muscles of your head, face, neck and jaw. Stretching should be gentle and soothing, not agonizingly painful. Stretch your neck and jaw muscles carefully and you will get results! A free demonstration by our physio therapist Uru Chiba is available at this link http://www.theheadacheclinic.net/#!free-assistace/c17qc Beware of Medication Overuse Headache. Medication is only appropriate for someone who suffers a few times a month. According to the International Headache Society, if you are taking headache medication more than twice a week you are at risk of developing Medication Overuse Headache. This means that the drugs you are taking will cause the headache or migraine to become more severe and more frequent over time. This leads to a downward spiral into constant medication use and constant pain. The more medication you take, the more pain you are in, the more medication you need, and the cycle continues. It is important that you keep your stress levels to a minimum. Plan ahead to guarantee that you have enough time to study and that you get sufficient rest each night. One should also take regular breaks to ensure that you don’t get overworked. “If the problem persists, it is imperative that you get an accurate diagnosis” added Dr Shevel. There are a number of treatment options that can be investigated. The longer the headache persists, the more damage will be done. Dr. Shevel suggests getting to the bottom of the problem and resolving the pain permanently. For further details on the study please contact Nadia Ismail on  0861 678 911

Parenting Hub

Quick Tips For Storing Breast Milk

 Express breast milk, using a manual or electric breast pump. Wash your hands well with soap and water before handling the pre-sterilised bag. Mark each bag with the date and time when you expressed the milk. Tear open the bag horizontally along the perforated edge at the top, in the direction of the arrowhead. Hold the opened bag with one hand and use the other hand to pour the freshly expressed breast milk into the bag slowly, not filling the bag beyond 150ml. Before sealing the bag, squeeze out the air and use your fingers to zip close the bag. For best results, keep the bag upright, in a separate hard sided container until the milk has frozen. Store breast milk bag in the back of the fridge for 24 hours or back of freezer for 3 months. How do I thaw frozen breast milk? Always thaw/defrost the oldest breast milk first. Check the date and time written on each bag. Thaw the frozen milk overnight in the fridge, or, for immediate use, immerse the bag in warm (not hot) water until the milk is fully defrosted. Pour the milk into a sterilised feeding bottle, feeding cup or spoon. Never thaw frozen milk at room temperature, as this will enable bacteria to multiply in the milk. Never thaw breast milk in a microwave oven or boiling water. This will reduce the milk’s nutrients. Only warm the milk after it has been thawed/defrosted. Thawed milk can be stored in a fridge for up to 24 hours. Discard any remaining milk. Don’t refreeze thawed or partially thawed breast milk. Pre-sterilised, sealable storage bags In the first few days after delivery, breasts can become engorged with excess milk and mothers may find it convenient to express and store their breast milk for later use. But some of the storage products on the market are very expensive and it is not a viable option for everyone.

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Overcoming The Fear Of The Dentist Starts At Childhood

Parents should take children for regular dental check-ups, focus on prevention of tooth decay and instil good oral hygiene habits from an early age to avoid fear of dental visits in later life, according to a top SA dentist. Dr Marc Sher says the main cause of dental anxiety in adults stems from a traumatic childhood experience in the dental chair. “If regular check-ups are done at a young age and if good oral hygiene habits and prevention is the focus, this will create a favourable dental experience, leading to less fear and anxiety as an adult.” Sher recommends taking children for their first dental visit around three-years-old, once all the primary teeth have erupted. “This will acclimatize them to the dental environment. Following this, I recommend a visit once a year until about six years old. When adult (secondary) teeth start erupting, visits should increase to six-monthly with oral hygiene built in.” Sher says a standard adult regime involves at least two oral hygiene visits per year, combined with one full dental assessment with x-rays. “Certain conditions may, however, warrant more frequent cleanings and check-ups to avoid the onset of aggressive dental conditions”. Sher says adults may avoid gum disease (gingivitis) — swollen, and bleeding gums – with regular dental cleanings and check-ups. “If this condition is left untreated, a more sinister disease (periodontitis) of the underlying bone can occur. Another common conditions is dental caries (decay) which, if left untreated, can lead to root canal treatment or removal of a tooth.” Sher recommends the following additional tips for optimal oral hygiene: Use a soft bristled electric toothbrush, firm enough to remove plaque but not to hurt gums. Choose toothpaste with fluoride as it helps prevent cavities and repair tooth enamel. Brush your teeth moderately for at least two minutes twice a day. Flossing helps remove plaque in places your brush can’t reach. Follow a healthy diet, drink lots of filtered water and supplement with a good multi-nutrient like Marcus Rohrer Spirulina (www.marcusrohrerspirulina.com). Avoid a stressful lifestyle which may contribute to mouth ulcers. Use Bye Mouth Ulcer for a pain free solution to ulcers (www.byemouthulcer.com).

Parenting Hub

What NOT to Buy Or Add To Your Baby Registry

I have shopped for two failed adoptions and my  baby so you could say I have had some experience with shopping for a baby.  Excitement can quickly lead to buyer’s remorse and your house full of crap.  Mothers are a marketing executive dreams. They know just how to make you feel like your child will miss out without their product.  I am also pretty sure no new mum will listen to any of this… A HUGE pram Prams are like cars.  We want the coolest looking one that looks like a little baby hotel for our precious.  Now baby is here and you realise that lovely pram with all the extras weighs as much as a smart car and you need to be a Sumo wrestler to put the pram in your boot.  That’s if it even fits. What to get instead:  There are some great lightweight pushchairs that are suitable from birth reclines to almost flat.  If you really must just get the all frills baby hotel buy it second hand . Baby bath  They will outgrow this so fast that it’s not worth the bother and just another thing you need to list on Gumtree or fill up the space where your car is supposed to be. What to get instead:  Purchase an inexpensive bath support or get into the bath with the baby providing additional bonding time with your newborn. Nappy bin This special bin that deals with stinky nappies is a coveted item for most expectant mothers.  I was no exception.  I was ready to sign a community property contact with my bad boy. I am convinced this is a clever marketing tool to suck you into buying ridiculously expensive cartridge refills. Just like drug dealers Marketers Know the real money is in the come-back. What to get instead:  Scented nappy packets  and a simple lidded nappy bucket will do the trick.  If you must have one, You can have mine. Changing table  You will end up changing your baby on the bed and everywhere else with a changing mat within the first three months.  Been there done that got the t-shirt! Baby shoes Kennedy had 15 pairs of adorable shoes.  Some were designer shoes and she couldn’t even walk yet.  Do you think Kennedy gave a monkeys that they cost more than any shoes I have ever owned… nope.  She fussed so much every time I put them on. What to get instead: Socks are enough. She is 14 months and only recently stopped kicking off her shoes. Lots of newborn sized clothes At this point I am starting to sound like a buzz kill.  This is all the fun about being pregnant.  The ooh-ing and aah-ing at those teeny little money wasters. Marketing execs know how much we want a mini-me. Why do you think a newborn can now wear skinny jeans and leather jackets? What to get instead: Wait for the gifts and then wait till your baby can walk before making them tiny trendsetters.  Baby growers is all they need until then. Bottle warmer  Ugh. Just run the bottles under hot water already! What to get instead: nothing. A cot bumper Something about having a baby makes us mothers have a penchant for  matching items… that is the lure.  A tiny duvet with the tiny pillow just doesn’t seem enough of a set. I still can’t understand why these are actually still being sold.  The second you hear about SIDS (and for every paranoid second thereafter), it’s game over for these little death traps. I have yet to find a parenting or medical site that has anything good to say about bumpers. Just another thing for you to wash. What to get instead: nothing. Tons of toys for a tiny baby Newborns don’t need them and will spend most of their time sleeping, feeding and gazing at you!  If you really do need stuffed animals you can come to my house and collect these dust collectors. What to get instead: After three months I would get a few noisemakers and then add once they crawling and can actually interact with your surroundings. Newborn-sized feeding bottles Baby feeding bottles in a smaller size designed for newborns become useless in very little time. What to get instead: Normal size bottles 260ml and buy a few slow release teats if you need to. Scaled-down Baby Wardrobe Let’s just be honest here…they will not be willing to or able to hang their own clothing until they can reach a normal sized one anyway. What to get instead: Normal-sized bedroom furniture and add a small step stool for higher shelves once they are older. Baby Cartoon curtains and wallpaper Just don’t it!  I promise your baby will not complain that their nursery was not cute enough. If you can’t imagine the design on the wall of a six-year-olds bedroom, It’s a waste! What to get instead: An age-neutral design for anything expensive is a good idea and add ‘baby appeal’ with removable pictures and accessories.

Parenting Hub

Preparing For A Possible Premature Birth?

In our previous article we touched on understanding high risk pregnancy , this month we will be taking a look at the reasons behind premature birth in more detail, on both a local and international scale.  As well as preparing for the inevitable. A woman’s duty…  Depending on your background and upbringing, generally speaking we live in a society where there is a lot of pressure on women to perform at work and as a wife and mother at home etc.  Owning your own business brings its own challenges.  The bottom line…most customers don’t care about what’s going on in your pregnancy, they require their job to be completed.  It is their right as paying customers. My OBGYN could have ranted and raved, I probably still would have carried on working.  Ladies and Gentleman…I present to you Sian the stubborn know it all, the work-a-holic and unrealistic optimist.  Thinking back on the week leading up to Olivia’s preterm birth still gives me goose bumps.  There is only one word that describes the previously pregnant Sian…STUPID!  A year on I am still dealing with the guilt and anger but it gets better with each new day. I suppose the lesson here is…you will lose customers, you will need to learn to say No, you will be judged by those that claim to understand your situation. But at the end of the day, your well- being as a mother and the growing child within should be your main priority. It’s that simple. Why is prematurity on the increase? What the experts say…  Taken from a report released by the World Health Organisation in November 2014 (1), internationally an estimate of 15 million babies are born preterm, which is more than 1 in 10 babies.  In South Africa 1 in 7 babies are born preterm, and further more these statistics are made up of both low and high income groups.  Basically if you live in the suburbs, your chances of having a preterm birth are matched with women living in informal settlements.  Sadly more children die from being born too soon than from AIDS, malaria or diarrhoea, m ~ Essential care during child birth and in the postnatal period for every mother and baby ~ More than three- quarters of premature babies can be saved with feasible, cost-effective care (2) ~ Antenatal steroid injections (given to pregnant women at risk of preterm labour and meeting set criteria to strengthen the babies’ lungs) ~ Kangaroo mother care (the baby is carried by the mother with skin-to-skin contact and frequent breastfeeding) ~ Babies are fed with the mothers or donated breastmilk ~ Antibiotics to treat newborn infections To reduce preterm birth rates:  ~ Women need better access to family planning ~ Increased empowerment ~ Improved care before, between and during pregnancies What can I do?  But what you are in control of is… No one likes to think about prematurity, most couples strive to have a healthy pregnancy and give birth without any nasty surprises. Nobody wants to think of “the what if…?” Believe me I know…I was assured by my OBGYN that I would be able to give birth naturally with my God given curves.  But pregnancy and childbirth are unpredictable…and further more you’re not in control! 1. Paying attention to your health at all times and more so once pregnancy is suspected or has been confirmed 2. Early booking at an antenatal clinic is essential – we recommend this is before 12 weeks and that check-ups are done every few months or weeks according to the risks involved 3. Find out where your nearest antenatal clinic is from your community health worker, nearest clinic or hospital or GP 4. Pregnancies should be planned and spaced – 18-24 months is recommended between pregnancies. 5. Attention must be paid to healthy eating and lifestyle. 6. More than 3⁄4 of babies born prematurely can be saved with cost effective care before,  during and after birth. 7. Support & Preparation Besides relying on support from those around you. Chubby Bunny is there to make the journey a little less stressful Through education & support, Chubby Bunny’s main objective is to support families whose lives have been touched by prematurity. Chubby Bunny is the first company in South Africa to supply critical starter packs for premmies. We supply high quality goods ensuring the little miracle is well cared for, from organic skin care sensitive for their soft skin, petite clothing small enough to wrap around their tiny bodies, Premmie nappies, a Premmie Support Booklet equipped to help parents understand the NICU and how to care for their Premmies. These hampers can be shipped overnight to main centres South Africa. Visit our online store www.chubbybunny.co.za for more information on the hampers we provide or simply contact Sian at [email protected] Moment by Moment…a journey of a premature birth ~ SPECIAL EVENT      Next month…Picking up the pieces.  Preterm Birth WHO report, Fact Sheet No. 363 (2) Groote Schuur Newborn Trust Fact Sheet 2015 November is World Prematurity Month, join us for a great day of informative speakers & awesome raffle prizes. Limited seats available, book now by emailing us at [email protected]

Parenting Hub

Fathers And Sons

I think it can be extremely difficult to maintain the father son relationship, throughout the teen years and early twenties. Boys have been instilled with the attitude of dominance and winning. As much as we like to think otherwise, one only needs to check how many men watch sports of one kind or another. Men are in the majority of jobs with authority. They rule because they have the power, might and desire to rule. On the other hand, women are still the nurturers of kids and family. My thoughts on the subject have more to do with why men have a greater need to challenge, win and come out on top. It is almost like it is in alignment with their manhood. To override this setting, one has to delve deeply into the myriad of reasons, and come to an understanding of where it comes from. Making distinctions between games and real life, perhaps will help us to figure out ways to best address the problems. Most times people are guessing rather than comprehending the actual situation. Boys adore their fathers, even the fathers that are scarce. They identify with the male figure and with strength and power. Fathers don’t cry as often as mothers, if at all. They tend to keep their emotions hidden. This does not go unnoticed by their sons. What no one talks about, is what the boys learn from this. Without words, boys understand that strong means keeping feelings silent. That requires them to do less talking, regarding stressful problems that touch their souls. It can also imply that men will be less open, to sharing sensitive problems. They may shut down their feelings even from their wives. Now we transport to the teen years. Boys begin manifesting their own thoughts and ideas. They are beginning to sense an empowerment, and they experience a keen awareness of the admiration of girls. All of this gives boys an outward confidence, that they do not necessarily feel inside. It works because others begin to look up to them. Even those boys who do not flaunt themselves through sports or academics, have the pangs of manhood in their own ways. Boys want to be perceived as mature and capable, with jurisdiction and rule. The endowment of leadership is intrinsic, be it a good thing or bad. The conclusion is for the parents to guide their offspring, and offer accountability for any infractions to the rules. This is where the fathers play a crucial role. Dad does not have to be the enforcer, but he does need to be modelling good behaviour, and having expectations of respectable actions. If one teaches power makes things right, then fairness will be tossed in the bucket. The manners we cultivate within  the family structure, are the ones we will observe in society. In a positive way, dad is the big guy, who the boys look up to. But dad is also the person that must avoid under any circumstances, challenging their son with an ultimatum. If they do set a boundary which the son crosses, then the son will likely accept the ultimatum possibly leading to worse problems. The son’s pride is in jeopardy when dad presents a challenge. The son must flex his own muscles, especially after having been instructed to behave in such a manner. As scared as the son might be, he can’t let himself down. His own worth and leadership ability is at stake. He wants to be able to look himself in the mirror the next day, without seeing a weak and frightened person. The only thing at stake for dad is his pride and anger, which he likely will overcome. The son at this time in his young life, is fragile. Dads have to see this and comprehend what their sons are experiencing. Their emotions are so jumbled and confusing. Boys have faith in the idea that they can’t let dad down, by displaying weakness, and they definitely can’t disappoint themselves. To them it is like being called to prove their worth by standing up for themselves. It is especially crucial when it is dad who is involved in the situation. It seals the deal for the son. He must make a sincere effort to accept the gauntlet, even though he knows in his heart he is overpowered by the circumstances. It is totally up to the father to diffuse the situation in a way that saves face for their son. I have seen sons stand by their argument, even when dad gives in and retreats with his words. The son may have the need to finish their position in anger, because at this point they are upset, and confused about how they will ever get out of the mess, with their honour intact. If fathers walk away, the son may also retreat, possibly after mouthing a few choice points of discussion. It amounts to their attempt at feigning toughness and victory. They are cognisant of the close encounter, but also flattered with themselves. One day when they are adults, and become a parent, they might be more appreciative of the day their dad, although more powerful, was strong enough to turn away. For those teens who eventually cower to an authoritative and formidable dad, they are devastated and demeaned from the encounter. They also blame their fathers for everything, especially for their dishonour. A lot of trust is lost. Fathers should refrain from drawing lines with their sons, if those directives are going to be difficult for either party to follow through with. It is too big of a risk to the teen and the relationship. By not drawing lines does not mean accepting insubordination, or ignoring the correction of poor behaviour. It means to instruct with reflection and love. Remember who it is that stands in front of you. Dealing with a teenager is just as difficult as when you put up with the screaming toddler. Be cognisant of the fact that you can’t change the words and actions said and

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Mothers and Daughters

Mothers and daughters begin with the closest friendship.  There are many times the dad might feel pushed aside. Within a few years, as the girls approach their teen years the trouble begins. I think at first moms attempt to deal with it as they encounter the hurts from their daughters. If or when it continues for a longer time the father usually steps in and the problems expand. All of this takes a toll on the mother especially. Solving the dilemma will take patience, love, a listening ear, open mind and loving heart along with a firm attitude. Moms should try not to get involved totally in the drama to the point of screaming or yelling. Parents are always the directors not the actors. Even when hurtful things are said or done by their daughter, it still necessitates that mom hang in there and continue with her guidance understanding and love. Never resort to shame or insults. Teens require more love at this point in their lives, perhaps than they ever needed before. They are being judged constantly by others so they don’t enjoy more assessments from the home. Life is full of alterations. This is one of the great transformations and requires lots of attention and discussion. Daughters are not little girls anymore and they require discipline with love and patience but also with greater understanding of where they are coming from at this present moment. Parents must see through the upheavals, and the cries for help from their child, as they sift through the upheavals. Understand the playing field has changed. Although I am a firm believer in having respect for kids of any age, I especially think it is important during the teenage years. The confusion and muddled sensitivities of their daughters are persistently evolving. The extent and depth of their pain is real. As insignificant as their problems may appear to us, they are critical to our daughters. Demeaning their attitudes about the importance of their dilemmas has the power to cause rifts of insurmountable complications. Being on constant watch as well as being available to listen is vital. Perhaps we consider the teen years as the time to remain uncompromising and to strong arm the kids. It is actually the reverse. One needs to be more receptive to the child’s cries wants and requirements and to bend without breaking. The mood swings attitudes and pains are difficult to encounter but remembering the changes taking place on the outside are not even close to the changes taking place  on the inside of the child. Staying connected to the inside but physically remaining on the outside helps to control being overtaken by the dramas that present. Many teenage girls are mouthy. Most likely their sassy words are flowing before they have even thought about what they are saying. Moms may attempt to discipline through necessity due to the disrespect in their child’s words and actions. It reaches the point of no return regarding any compromising when they believe the daughter has overstepped too many times and things are falling apart.  Most parents believe at this point they must hold the line. Not so. At this point it is time to review and rethink your rules and parameters. It is time also to use your instincts to understand what the surrounding issues are. See through the daughter’s façade and discover the actual issues. Reconnect with your daughter which may require you to have a thick skin with the potential onslaught of hurtful words. Daughters are angrier at themselves than their mothers. Attempt also to keep voices low. Speak calmly and slowly because believe it or not you can unwittingly change the volatile atmosphere with these tactics. Kids think parents don’t understand them and don’t have a clue about how they are feeling. Of course saying, “I understand” won’t cut it either.  When they fire criticism at you it should be taken in and reflected upon before you retaliate with your own negative response. You must show that you get it by offering to listen. I am not suggesting you break any of your own rules but stating your rules to them bluntly is in their faces and it won’t work. They see themselves as approaching adulthood. They want independence. Offering them as much as you can without giving in to your restrictions is best. They yearn for power even though they are not ready for it, so giving choices to them is sort of a compromise. You get to choose the selections but they get to feel empowered with the choices. With your attentiveness, you might be able to offer choices which is always a good thing. A child of any age does not feel as controlled when they have some power and influence over their own lives. Blame is never an option but it is easy to express it when in the middle of a confrontation. If you react with calmness, understanding, respect and love you will probably receive a better outcome. You can’t retaliate even if the child does which is what usually happens. They have hormones rising which they can’t control and probably they are not even aware of the effects. You are the parent and the adult in this situation. The child can lose control but the parents must keep things under a certain tempo no matter how much you assess as wrong, deliberate or mean. You need to get through one battle at a time. Kids are confused and perhaps don’t even intend what they are saying. They are angry and need to take their fury out on someone which happens to be their mothers. As you learn how to make progress in these altercations by remaining composed, the next argument ought to be of a lesser nature. You will find yourself using your skills of speaking softly with love and openness and directing the drama so it stays as neutral as possible. In all of this the child wants to be

Parenting Hub

Keeping your kids safe on the Internet

Us South Africans are an incredibly security conscious bunch. We tend to focus a lot of attention around security in our homes and in our vehicles, especially when it comes to protecting our children. But what about the virtual realm? Are we doing enough to ensure their safety when it comes to things like the Internet, social networking, and mobile devices? The Internet is a veritable treasure trove of information on any conceivable topic. In the past, we had to go to a library to research a project or to find out more about a particular subject. Today, thanks to faster and more affordable Internet access, we are connected around the clock. Irrespective of whether we are using a tablet, smartphone, laptop, or a good old-fashioned desktop computer, access is taken for granted. As parents, we have a responsibility to balance the benefits the digital world brings with the risks that are out there. Children need to be protected against contact with undesirable people, inappropriate or harmful content, and malicious software or attacks. Social networking and online gaming have made it easy for our children (and ourselves) to interact with people from all over the world. Sadly, this has also made it incredibly easy for cyberbullies, paedophiles, and other nefarious people to get in touch with children. Growing up in a digital environment has resulted in teenagers and younger children having quite different notions of privacy than what we had. It was easy not to talk to strangers before the Internet. Now, you do not even know who a stranger is, as identify theft is common and malicious users can gleam much from even the basic information people share online. In fact, tricking children into sharing personal information is one of the easiest ways that they can be exploited. As mentioned, accessing content on a variety of topics has become as easy as typing a query into a search engine and viewing the results. From links to Web pages, images, and videos, there is nothing that cannot be found quickly and easily online. Sadly, this also means that it is not that difficult to find sexually explicit content or download music and video files illegally. Often, these searches start off with the best of intentions. Your child might be searching for photographs for a project or even video clips on how something is made. A few clicks later, and that benign search suddenly transforms into explicit images. Understandably, it is not always easy for parents to talk to children about online safety when they themselves are unsure of how the technology works and what it could be used for. Kaspersky Lab has created a list of easy to remember ‘rules’ for children that parents can discuss with them. These should be seen as almost as important as road safety rules that are there to keep them safe and out of harm. Do not give out your name, school, or home address to anyone over the Internet. Even if you think you have made a friend online – if anyone asks for these details – you never give them out. In fact, please tell your parents or an adult immediately, so they can check this out for you. If someone tries to ‘friend’ you on the Internet, be careful. Be sure, you know who you are talking to online, and if you do not know this person, do not give them any details and rather report this to someone you trust. Be careful about what photos you place online or what videos you upload. While it is such fun to share our photos and videos with friends and family – make sure that photos and videos do not give away any clues about your location or where you may live. If you have an older sibling or even your parents that use a smartphone – make a note to tell them not to use the function of ‘geo-tagging’ on social media sites like Facebook. This is a function which tells everybody on Facebook where you are – like at a restaurant or at the movies. But by doing this, it can be unsafe as it gives away your location. From a parenting perspective, here are a few steps you can take to reduce the chances of your children being exposed to any such risks: Talk to your children about the potential dangers that they may face online. If possible, make use of 1 family computer and place it in a central ‘family room’ in the house. Try to make the computer a shared family experience. Encourage your children to talk to you about anything they experience online that upsets them or makes them feel uncomfortable. Restrict the content that can be accessed via the computer using an effective Internet security solution. You can also provide clear guidelines that let your child know what they are allowed and are not allowed to do on the Internet. For example, your guidelines could tell your child whether they are permitted to: Register with social networking or other Web sites. Make online purchases. Download music, video, or programme files. Use instant messaging programmes. Visit Internet chat rooms. If your child is allowed to use instant messaging or visit chat rooms, it is worth explaining to them that it is dangerous to chat with or send messages to anyone that they do not know and trust. In addition to these steps, you can also install a rigorous Internet security solution (like that of Kaspersky Internet Security – multi-device 2016) that is capable of defending the computer against malicious programmes and hackers. Many security software products combine anti-virus capabilities and advanced parental control features that make it easier to protect your children when they are online. Despite the risks, you should not avoid going online. There are numerous benefits to the digital world. Just remain informed and educate your children on the dangers that are out there.

Parenting Hub

Making Sense Of Food Labels

By Gabi Steenkamp, Registered Dietitian, Food Labelling and Nutrition Consultant. www.gabisteenkamp.co.za. The information printed on all food labels in South Africa is regulated by the Department of Health regulations R146 (2010) for the labelling and advertising of foods, and there is no particular section that covers the labelling requirements for foods that are suitable for those with diabetes. Since the diabetic way of eating is all about basic good nutrition, all healthy foods are suitable for those with diabetes. However, they must be eaten in the correct serving size and combination to make up balanced meals. Such foods can be endorsed by Diabetes SA , but they have to  comply with the specifications set out by the endorsement programme of Diabetes SA.  Endorsed products and foods bear the logo below: For those foods that have not applied for the endorsement by Diabetes SA, the consumer must read the label to assess whether a food or product is suitable for those with diabetes or not, as most foods that are suitable for those with diabetes do not carry the Diabetes SA logo above. The most important information to look at on a food label is: The name of the product The total weight / volume The serving size The nutritional analysis information table The ingredients list The allergens declaration, if you suffer from a particular food allergy The name of the product The name given to a product is found on the main front panel of the packaging and should reflect what is inside the packaging. Should the name of the product not tell you what is inside the packaging, then an accurate description of the product is provided near the name.  Giving a product a name such as ‘honey smacks’ is not very informative. The packaging could contain: Honey sweets Honey flavoured cereal An icecream product flavoured with honey or containing honey bits A chocolate with honey flavoured bits Honey flavoured drink, etc. But labelling this product as ‘Honey Smacks – honey flavoured popped wheat cereal’ tells you exactly what is in the packaging. You, as the consumer, have a right to know exactly what is inside any food packaging. Should this not be the case, you should contact the toll free customer services line, or email, of that product to make them aware of the fact; and contact a food labelling consultant who can then contact the company and have the error rectified. The label of the product below has a name that accurately tells what is in the packaging. TOTAL WEIGHT (MASS) or VOLUME The South African Bureau of Standards regulates the way in which the mass or volume of a product is stated on food packaging. All measures are metric and have a minimum lettering and number height. Knowing the total weight of what’s in the packaging, allows you to see immediately how many servings you will get out of one unit (be it a bag, jar, box, bottle, etc.). It also allows you to cross check if the serving size stated in the nutritional analysis table is do-able. In the above example, one fish cake must weigh 75 g (300 g divided by 4 = 75 g), which is a reasonably sized fishcake and is the size given in the nutritional analysis table for a single serving. THE SERVING SIZE The food labelling regulations stipulate that serving sizes stated in the nutritional analysis table, or anywhere on the label, may NOT encourage obesity and nutrition experts, such as a dietitian, determine the serving size to ensure that the serving sizes stated on pack are nutritionally correct and practical. For example, foods that make up the protein part of a main meal (such as fishcakes) should contain: Up to 1000 kJ per serving Less than 12 g fat per serving Less than 30% of total fat, as saturated fat per serving In the example of the fishcakes, you can see that in the second column of numbers in the nutritional information table, one fishcake weighing 75 g contains: 530 kJ 5.9 g of fat of which 1 g is saturated fat. The 1 g of saturated fat is less than 30% of the total fat (5.9%), so you can conclude that this is a healthy fishcake to have with your supper. You can also deduct from this that in fact you could have 2 of these fishcakes with your supper – provided of course you add the required 2-3 vegetable servings to make a balanced meal! But having all 4 fishcakes would encourage obesity and not be good for blood glucose control. On the other hand, foods eaten as a snack (such as icecream) should contain: about 500 kJ per serving and less than 6 g fat per serving Less than 30% of total fat, as saturated fat per serving In the example of the slimmer’s choice icecream given below, you can see that in the second column of numbers in the nutritional information table, one serving of 175 ml, contains: 492 kJ 2.3 g of fat of which 1.7 g is saturated fat. The 1.7 g of saturated fat is 74% of the total fat (2.3%), which means this snack contains too much saturated fat for good health and for those with diabetes since saturated fat increases the risk of heart disease, and particularly so for those with diabetes. For this reason, even though this is a controlled energy snack, it should only be eaten occasionally as a snack.

Parenting Hub

Why Don’t Dads Take Parenting Classes

A young intern working on a research project contacted me to ask me a few questions about dads, parenting classes and getting them to engage more with their kids. He told me that his team at the University of Wisconsin-Madison was developing intervention programs to support fathers and to find the best ways of engaging them in programs. He implied there was a belief that men don’t like to take parenting classes and they were trying to find out why. I shared with him that I do occasionally get some dads who contact me for parent coaching or even some who show up at my parenting classes, but mostly it’s the moms who aren’t afraid to seek out help. One of the questions he asked me was, do I interact differently with women as opposed to men in my coaching sessions. I told him that a large part of my training with parents is to help them understand the emotional intelligence aspect of their child and if their emotional needs aren’t met, there is likely to be less cooperation and more misbehavior. Moms get the emotional intelligence of parenting more easily than dads do. Therefore I have to engage the fathers in other ways. So he asked me if I use different teaching methods when I have men in the sessions. I told him that we men tend to be more visual learners and therefore, I use more video demonstrations or role play to create common situations they may find at home with their kids. Next he asked me, “What concerns do fathers tend to bring up in contrast to those brought up by mothers?” My answer to that was that women seem to bring up more questions that involve relationships, feelings, and communication. Men on the other hand seem to ask more questions about day-to-day cooperation, following through with tasks, and examining children’s skills and abilities. His last question was about why dads seem to be less interested in parenting classes. Based on dads that I’ve spoken to, some men feel that it is a sign of weakness to admit that you need help in parenting and just do the best they can, while others believe that parenting and discipline is more of a woman’s job and just leave it all to them. There is one more group of dads I’ve noticed who have the “I gave at the office” mentality. In other words, they believe they work hard all day long and disciplining the kids should not be one of their responsibilities when they get home. To women who want to know how to get their husbands on board to help more with the kids, or to get them to join you at parenting classes, here are some quick tips. Communicate what you want from your partner clearly and don’t assume anything. DO NOT criticize him when he makes an attempt to discipline and he fails (instead encourage him), especially in front of the kids. Finally, make the effort to have private conversations with him to get on the ‘same page’ with parenting before handling certain situations with the kids.

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You Don’t Trust Me

The teenage girl came out of her room and walked into the family room where her parents were sitting. With a great deal of excitement and joy, she began to talk about a party a classmate was planning for the weekend and how much fun it was going to be. She talked about which of her friends were going and what they had all talked about wearing. This teenager’s parents gave her their full attention in listening to what she had to say and even acknowledged her excitement by agreeing that it sounds like a fun event. When the girl asked if she could go, they had a few questions for her; such as where it was going to be held, what time would start and end, and who would be there. When they got to the questions will there be adult chaperones and we’d like to meet the parents who will be there, the happy mood in the teenager dissolved and anger erupted. Their daughter immediately got defensive and shouted, you don’t trust me and you think that all teenagers do bad things! Forget it; I don’t want to go to the stupid party anymore. She burst out in tears and ran to her room. The loud slammed door indicated the talk of the party was over. It seems hard to believe a few simple questions could crush the excitement of going to a party. It is this writer’s opinion that the girl’s parents were doing the right thing; being open to allowing her to attend the party, providing that they were comfortable knowing she would be safe. Checking in with the parents of the party’s host is a good place to start to determine if the risks to their daughter’s safety and well-being are low enough for her to attend. Teenagers don’t often like it when a parent does their job in ensuring their child will be safe. They use the YOU DON’T TRUST ME statement as a way of getting the parent to back down. They may have heard other teenagers say that THEIR parents don’t check up on them, causing them to think that their own parents are being controlling and over protective. Teenagers feel embarrassed by their parents checking in and staying aware of what they are doing. But staying in the know of what our teenagers are doing is very important for keeping them safe. The prefrontal cortex of the brain provides judgment, decision making, and the moderation of social behaviour; all of which are necessary for keeping an individual safe. Unfortunately for our kids, this region of the brain is not usually fully developed until around the age of 25. This means a teenager may have great difficulty with the functions listed above. Which is clearly why parents must coach, guide, and monitor teenagers to help keep them safe when they can’t do it on their own. The next time your teen shouts, YOU DON’T TRUST ME, because you want to ensure there will be adult supervision where your child is going to be, and you want to meet the parents, don’t get angry. Take comfort in knowing that you’re doing your job. It may not be making you popular or well liked by your teenager at the moment, but it’s all a part of the role the parent plays in raising teenagers.

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Weighty Issues For Teens

Being overweight is not a good idea if you have diabetes because it increases your insulin resistance, which will make it harder for you to keep your blood glucose levels down. If you don’t have diabetes, but some of your family members have type 2 diabetes, you are more at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Sadly, obesity has doubled in children and tripled in adolescents over the last 30 years and this has created both health and well-being problems for teens. One out of three children and teens between the ages of two and 19 are overweight, or obese. The early onset of Type 2 diabetes is being noticed more and more in children and teens between 10 and 19 years old. Before the 1990’s it was rarely seen, but as they got fatter, more and more of them developed Type 2 diabetes. How do you become overweight? The basic cause of overweight is an energy imbalance. Energy is measured as calories or kilojoules. If you eat more energy than your body’s requirements for the activities you do, then this extra energy gets converted to fat stores. If you get the balance right, your weight should be right for your age. If there is too much food and drink consumed on a regular basis, the extra calories will make your weight rise above what is a healthy weight for you. All young people become more resistant to insulin during puberty, whether they have diabetes or not, but teens with diabetes have 25 – 30% more insulin resistance. The larger they become, the more insulin resistant they become. Gaining weight and insulin resistance progresses much faster and is harder to treat in teens than it is to treat overweight adults. This may be because of rapid growth and hormone changes in puberty. Also once a teen is heavier than he or she should be, the insulin resistance makes it much more difficult to lose the weight than it is to prevent the weight building up. Anyone who has been overweight or obese will tell you that it has a huge effect on your emotions and social standing. Teens are sensitive enough in relationships, but if you are overweight or obese, it can make it so much worse. You may be sidelined, mocked, bullied, or stigmatised by other teens. This can have a serious effect on your self-esteem and social interactions. With the loss of self-esteem you could lose confidence in yourself and withdraw socially. Then you could become lonely, depressed and anxious, especially if you lose hope of the situation ever improving. You may become so unhappy that it has an impact on learning at school, and your performance at school could deteriorate. Your life will feel awful. Often teens are resistant to having a healthy lifestyle.  You may struggle to eat correctly for various reasons: During large growth spurts, you are always hungry and eat much more than before. This is not a problem in itself because you do need the extra food. The problem lies in eating more than you actually need or eating the wrong types of foods. Most take-away foods are high in carbohydrates and fats making them high in energy. If you like to eat take-away foods with your friends as a social activity it is more difficult to refuse the problem foods. It may be that your family eats take-away foods too often if both your parents work and are too tired to cook healthy food. Sometimes the traditional foods that your family eats are high in carbohydrates and fats and it may be difficult to change those eating habits. Boarding school food can be a problem if your school does not follow healthy principles of eating, but rather focuses on filling your tummies with lots of carbohydrates, like white bread. Or else you eat more food because it is available. You may struggle to get involved in physical activity: If you are self-conscious about doing exercise or sports because you are not particularly good at it, you probably prefer to avoid them. If you are overweight, you may be even more self-conscious and avoid exercise even more. If you spend too many hours watching TV or playing computer games, which require almost no physical activity, you will be more prone to putting on weight, especially if you have a bowl of nibbles to eat as you watch or play. The less you do, the less you want to do. You may not be able to walk or ride a bicycle to school for safety reasons, or because you live a long distance from the school, so taking a bus or a lift means that you lose that bit of physical activity for the day. You may feel it is “uncool” to arrive at school on a bicycle, especially if you are a girl. Only if you are keen on a particular sport and get into training on a regular basis do you appreciate the benefits of physical activity. Again, boys are better at participating in sport than girls. If you have diabetes, you may be concerned about exercising if you are afraid you will have low blood sugars as a result. How can you overcome that resistance? Look at the reasons why you are resistant to eating in an unhealthy way and why you don’t like exercising and think of ways you can get it right. It all begins in the mind! Get your mind right and the rest will follow. And then you will be even more motivated once you start on the right track, because you will feel pretty good for doing it and your diabetes will be better controlled.

Parenting Hub

Travel Tips: 8 ways to make the most of your global travels

If you’re looking for new inspirations about great places to go and exciting things to do when you’re travelling, there’s nobody better to turn to for great advice than the Cathay Pacific staff who travel to over 180 countries on a daily basis. While the airline flies to a multitude of destinations worldwide, the crew from all over the globe spends a lot of time on the ground between flights. The airline asked their staff to share some helpful travelling tips. Here’s what they had to say: Work up a sweat! Evan, Pilot: “I’ve found that the best way to explore a new city is to go for a run when you first arrive. I always ask the hotel concierge to suggest a running route, but it’s on runs that I’ve seen the embassy district of Delhi, Moscow’s Red Square and the ancient ruins of Rome.” Eat local, try authentic cuisine at least once Aby, Flight Attendant: “Food can tell you a lot about the place you’re in, which is why I always go straight to the local markets when I get to a new city. I look for something unusual and try it – that way, I’ve ended up eating insects, scorpions, kangaroo and a range of other interesting things!” Travel with someone you love Becky, Flight Attendant: “A travel memory is worth so much more when you experience it with someone you love. I surprised my Mum by booking her onto one of my flights to New Zealand, and it was one of the most amazing and memorable experiences of my life. It taught me that the best gifts are the ones that last forever.” Be a kid again Poey, Flight Attendant: “I look at destinations through my child’s eyes. When I show him photos from my trips, he sees spaceships, castles and ocean monsters. He’s reminded me to approach the world with an open mind and rediscover my own sense of wonder.” Skip the crowd Gong, Flight Attendant: “The cities I visit are often full of hustle and bustle, with crowded, busy streets and attractions. That’s why I always get up at dawn to explore a layover destination. It’s a great way to see a city in a completely different light, with no crowds to interfere with the views of historic landmarks and attractions.” Explore the natural side Grace, Flight Attendant: “It’s an amazing feeling travelling to a destination that I’ve only seen on TV. When I went to South Africa, we decided to escape the city and go on a horseback safari. It turned out to be one of the most beautiful and humbling experiences I’ve ever had. It made me realise that we need to escape the cities to see how beautiful the world is.” Revisit your favourite city over different times of the year Indit, Flight Attendant: “For me, it’s never enough to visit a place once – I love to go back and see another side of it. One way to do this is to visit a destination in different seasons. My favourite seasonal city is New York because the place looks so different depending on the time of year – from the skyscrapers sparkling in the summer sun, to the autumn brown of Central Park and the brightly lit Christmas trees surrounded by winter snow.” Explore local history and culture Ben, Pilot: “I’m quite a history buff, and the way places change over time fascinates me. When I have a layover, I like to buy an old travel guide of that particular destination to take with me. You’d be amazed at the difference even a few years makes to a city. It’s even better when I find a really, really old guide. It paints such a different picture of a place and time as I walk around it. My favourite thing about doing this is seeing the old buildings that have stood the test of time and stand tall among their more contemporary neighbours in cities like New York, London and Singapore.” Cathay Pacific recently announced that passengers can now book all international travel on one portal, making it easier to travel by saving them time and effort. Passengers no longer have to search different local airline sites, or make multiple bookings to travel via Johannesburg and Hong Kong – all of that is done by consolidating all travel from Africa, to any of Cathay Pacific’s exciting destinations. Cathay Pacific flies from Johannesburg to Hong Kong seven days a week, connecting to hundreds of destinations across the globe. For more information and flight bookings, visit www.cathaypacific.com/za.

Parenting Hub

How Sugar Can Affect Our Children

Sugar is addictively awesome, but is the long term health effects really worth that momentary indulgence? It is blamed for most health issues, from behavioural problems to skyrocketing rates of childhood obesity and diabetes. Yet babies come into the world with a ‘sweet tooth’ (nature’s way of drawing them to breast milk), so you may wonder, how could an occasional lollipop or cupcake be so detrimental? In modest amounts, sugar can have a healthful place in a child’s diet (or an adult’s). But many kids get too much, too often. Worse, sugar-rich foods tend to be full of empty calories and often displace the nutritious foods children need. A recent landmark study of more than 3,000 babies and toddlers found that close to half of 7- to 8-month-olds are already consuming sugar-sweetened snacks, sodas and fruit drinks, a percentage that increases dramatically with age. These findings are of concern to health experts, since eating sugary foods at an early age makes you crave them even more later on. Fortunately, parents can do a lot to train their young child’s taste buds so that he or she doesn’t end up wanting sweetness so much. Beware of Hidden Sugars Sugar can hide in foods where you least expect it. Get in the habit of reading labels. You don’t always see the word “sugar” on a food label. It sometimes goes by another name, like sucrose, glucose, dextrose, fructose, maltose, malt sugar, fructose sweetener, liquid fructose, honey, molasses, anhydrous dextrose, crystal dextrose and dextrin on the ingredients list of packaged food. If any of the above-mentioned names appear in the first 3 ingredients of a product, it’s best to avoid the product. Also remember that ingredients are listed by decreasing weight so if you see sugar by any name near the top of the list, reconsider the product.   Why should we cut back on sugars? Added sugar means empty calories which put kids at risk for obesity and health problems that can show up as early as adolescence. High-sugar diets can increase a child’s risk of developing Type 2 diabetes or the pre-diabetic condition known as insulin resistance syndrome.   Tooth decay Sugar fuels the growth of bacteria which causes tooth decay. While fluoridated water and regular tooth brushing help prevent cavities, a steady stream of sugar in the mouth increases the likelihood thereof. When babies or young children have prolonged exposure to sugars found in sweetened water, fruit juice, milk, breast milk and formula such as giving a baby a bottle in bed or by sweetening a dummy, they are at an increased risk of tooth decay. That’s why dentists advise against putting babies to sleep with a bottle of milk (it contains milk sugar called lactose) or fruit juice, or letting them sip these drinks throughout the day.   Behavioural problems When your child consumes refined sugars, there is a sudden spike in blood sugar levels. The body responds by producing a large amount of insulin, a hormone that sweeps sugar out of the blood and into body cells. When the sugar levels begin to fall, your body produces adrenaline which can contribute to hyperactivity in children to compensate for the low blood sugar levels. Blood sugar levels may then drop so quickly below normal that your child may feel shaky, sluggish, experience behaviour disturbances and impair learning by decreasing attention. This is often the case in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A study comparing the sugar response in children and adults showed that the adrenaline levels in children remained ten times higher than normal for up to five hours after a test dose of sugar.   Some children and adults are sugar sensitive, meaning their behaviour, attention span and learning ability deteriorate in proportion to the amount of sugar they consume. Children with ADHD are often sugar-sensitive. Not surprisingly, low blood-sugar levels can trigger a craving for more sweets, which creates a vicious cycle of sugar highs and lows.   Childhood obesity Children gain too much weight when they take in more calories than they burn. Unfortunately, sugary drinks and treats typically supply calories above and beyond what kids need to satisfy their hunger. A can of soda contains ten teaspoons of sugar (160 calories), and many sweetened fruit drinks have as much or more. Regularly drinking even one sugary drink (soda, fruit punch or sweetened iced tea) a day increases the risk of obesity.   Overweight or obese children are at increased risk of chronic conditions such as heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, type II Diabetes, asthma and sleep apnoea. 80% of children who is overweight before the age of 13 years, will be obese as adults.   Weakened immunity Excess sugar intake can cause cold-like symptoms in children causing runny noses, excessive mucus, cough and symptoms of sinus infections. Consuming sugar also alters the balance between good and bad bacteria in children’s bodies, weakening their immune systems which leads to worsening of symptoms and prolonged recovery.   Studies have found that excess sugar in the blood (including fruit sugar fructose and honey) caused a 50% drop in the ability of white blood cells to fight bacteria. In contrast, ingesting complex carbohydrates did not lower the ability of these white blood cells to engulf bacteria. The immune suppression was most noticeable two hours after eating lots of sugar, but the effect was still evident five hours after ingestion.   Poor diet Sugar can cause stomach ache and poor appetite in children causing them to eat poorly when healthy nutritious food is offered. What to do as parents? Limit the amount of refined sugar in their diet by providing meals consisting of lean proteins such as lean chicken or beef, eggs or low-fat dairy and healthy fats such as nuts, seeds, avocado and olive or canola oil. Desserts and sweets: Limit portions of cookies, candies and other baked goods. Instead try fruit-based desserts. Cereals: Limit sugary cereals. Look for whole-grain cereals, such as oatmeal,

Parenting Hub

Your Child’s Development – Making it Fun!

“Just as my maternity leave was coming to an end, I was asked by Parenting Hub to review the Skidz Activity Box for 0 – 6 Months.” Our Parenting Hub reader to whom we gave the Skidz Activity Box was preparing to go back to work after being at home for the last four months with her beautiful little boy.  Because her baby boy is going to be at home in the care of his Nanny, she told us that she had been trying to find ways to keep him stimulated whilst she was away at work and so the Skidz Activity Box came at just the right time. “What I particularly liked about the Skidz Activity Box is the fact that it comes with manual loaded with information so relevant to my baby boy who is now four months old.” The manual not only gives you a list of activities that you can do from birth to six months but includes detailed instructions on how to do everything as well.  These include various physical exercises that you can do with your baby, what will be achieved through these exercises, how to do them and when is best to do them. “The manual is also broken up into a weekly curriculum for 0 to 3 months and 3 to 6 months outlining exactly what you can be doing with your baby every day.  What I found so helpful with this weekly curriculum was that I was able to give it to my baby’s Nanny who can follow each activity on a daily basis.”  If you don’t want to follow the detailed curriculum, you can set one up that works best for you and your baby and the manual includes a section to guide you as to how to do this – brilliant! The box includes everything that you need to work with to follow the curriculum.  Stimulating fabrics, toys, textures, colours and sounds.  Everything that you need is included in the box. From our Mom, a big high five to Chantelle du Toit who put together this programme.  She told us that she would recommend this product to all moms of little children.  “Especially where you have to return to work and you’re not going to put your baby in crèche.” Skidz Activity boxes can be obtained through the Skidz website www.skidz.co.za

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