Beating heatstroke
Bonitas Medical Fund offers some advice about heatstroke. What the symptoms are, how to avoid it and what to do if someone, child or adult, develops heatstroke.
October 20, 2023
Expert Advice from Bonitas Medical Fund
Q and A – why are some women reluctant to go for a mammogram
The World Health Organization creates awareness around breast cancer in October. First initiated in October 1985, Breast Cancer Month has grown exponentially globally and this year is no exception. According to the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA), it’s far better to have an early-stage diagnosis, as it results in better breast cancer treatment and long-term survival. CANSA recommends monthly breast self-examination, annual medical check-ups, and screening. Radiologists from the SCP Radiologist Practice and Dr Lizanne Langenhoven, who specialises in the treatment of breast cancer, address some of the concerns around breast cancer screening. If early detection is recommended and provides the best outcome, why are women reluctant to screen for breast cancer? An informal survey amongst women, who are hesitant to go, even though they have the means to go, shows that the top reasons include the following: It’s going to be too painful Many women still rely on their mother’s experience with early mammograms which were painful. Mammography machines have progressed exponentially since the early days, so the level of discomfort experienced during the procedure is now significantly reduced. Modern technology and digital equipment allow us to use less compression and still obtain quality imaging. Also, the amount of pressure is different for each individual, depending on the breast size and composition. Pressure is often manually adjusted so speak to your mammographer if you experience any discomfort. Fear of exposure to radiation A mammogram uses relatively low-dose radiation. The total dose is approximately 0.5 mSv (2D mammogram). To put it into perspective, we are exposed to 3.0 mSv of background radiation from our natural surroundings per year. Radiologists also strictly follow what’s known as the ALARA principle – to always apply radiation “as low as reasonably achievable”. The benefits of mammography thus far outweigh the risks from this low dose radiation. Fear of finding out you have breast cancer Dr Langehoven says, ‘The good news is that our understanding of the different subtypes of breast cancer has improved significantly over the past few years! We no-longer follow a one-type-fits-all approach and many women may even safely be spared chemotherapy in a curative setting. ‘As with everything else in life, it is easier to address a ‘small’ or ‘early’ problem than it is to address a much larger problem! I’ve seen breast cancer diagnosed at a size of 2mm on mammogram – meaning that treatment is tailored to a very low risk situation. In short, the earlier we become aware of an existing problem, the sooner it can be addressed and with much less invasive treatment.’ I don’t go for mammograms, I only go for thermography At present, thermography cannot substitute mammography but may be used as complementary screening. Dr Langenhoven cautions that thermography is not all it is cut out to be. In order for the cancer to give off heat signals, it has to be significant in size. Mammography on the other hand can detect changes in the breast before they progress to cancer. A mammogram therefore picks up the disease course much sooner than thermography. Why mammography instead of ultrasound, which doesn’t use radiation? Mammography is our workhorse. We look for masses, calcifications, and architectural distortion. Ultrasound is a supplementary investigation used to further evaluate morphology, blood flow, consistency of masses, and lymph nodes that are abnormal on a mammogram. Tomosynthesis is also supplementary, used to further evaluate architectural distortion seen on a mammogram. They all work together. With denser breasts mammography is less sensitive, which is when we add the supplementary investigations to improve the sensitivity of detection. If am diagnosed with breast cancer I am going to die anyway, so I would rather not find out This statement is not true in the current day and age where 90% of women with early breast cancer can be cured of their disease, says Dr Langenhoven. ‘In the same way we don’t drive cars from the 50’s, our treatment is no longer ancient either!’ The side-effect profiles of our new drugs are aimed at improving quality of life during treatment, and the fact that we now identify and treat 4 distinct subtypes of breast cancer means that we can target the specific growth-pattern at play and avoid unnecessary treatment. Previously, because we didn’t know which women had aggressive breast cancers and who didn’t, all women were treated more or less the same up to a few years ago. This meant that women feared finding out they had breast cancer for fear of the radical and toxic treatment they would be subjected to. This has really changed over the past 10 or 15 years and our approach has changed to be specific and conservative when we advise treatment. It is tailored to the specific characteristics of each women’s disease. Surgical outcomes are so much better and very few women would ever be offered a ‘flat’ mastectomy as part of their treatment plan. We no longer approach breast cancer surgery without consideration of the cosmetic outcomes and quality of life of the woman behind the cancer. The notion that cancer means suffering and death comes from a bygone time and we should do all we can to change this outdated perception. The survival rate of breast cancer depends on a number of factors including the type of cancer, the immune receptors, the grade, and the speed at which it is growing – these all determine the survival rate. A big tumour that is slow growing and has a low grade has a more favourable outcome after treatment, than a small tumour that is high grade and fast growing. However, if a cancer is found early and the grade is established earlier, then tailored treatment can begin earlier which may slow down or limit the progress. An early diagnosis will improve treatment outcome. The advantage of screening is early detection for better treatment outcomes and prognosis. Dr Langenhoven adds that early detection really counts when it comes to treatment related side-effects and cost of treatment. An early cancer may very
October 16, 2023
DEALING WITH KIDS AND PREGNANCY
Dealing with pregnancy can be tricky on its own, but when you have a toddler or young kids to look after things can become more difficult. If this is your second pregnancy, you may be struggling with morning sickness, fatigue and a tired achy body and still having to look after another young child. You’re probably wondering how to manage, so we’ve put together some useful tips to help you the second time around. Be patient with them and yourself It’s important that you’re patient with your child. Initially, they may not understand the pregnancy which can make them act out in confusion. Getting them involved and feeling like a big sibling can help them to feel excited about the new addition to the family. That being said you should also be patient with yourself. You may be feeling unwell due to your pregnancy, and with looking after another child you may find things falling by the wayside. It’s likely that only you will notice these things, so don’t be too hard on yourself. Playtime for you and them You might not always be feeling up to playtime with your little one, so this is a good time to encourage them to play independently. This way you free up a little bit more time for yourself while keeping them entertained. As your pregnancy progresses, play in ways that you can manage. Instead of running around, focus on board games, drawing and puzzles. Allowing a little bit of screen time (even together) is another way you can easily entertain your kids. Help and schedules Don’t be afraid to ask for help. If you have a partner, they are the obvious person to lend a hand, but if you are by yourself, either reach out to close family or consider getting paid help for part of the day. Another way to find some time for yourself is to nap when your toddler naps. Syncing up your sleep schedules may mean that you find yourself a little bit more rest time for when you’re feeling tired or nauseous.
October 6, 2023
Bonitas balancing increases with value and sustainability
onitas Medical Fund, one of the leading medical schemes in South Africa, announced its 2024 product line up today. Lee Callakoppen, Principal Officer of Bonitas says, ‘We appreciate that many of our members and South Africans in general, are faced with increasing financial pressures. We have therefore taken great care to balance our benefit enhancements to provide value to our members, while still ensuring that contributions remain affordable. ‘The percentage increase required is methodically worked out by our team of actuaries who determine the minimum increase against ensuring the financial sustainability of the scheme while meeting the regulatory guidelines and requirements. It’s a delicate balancing act,’ says Callakoppen. ‘For 2024, the weighted increase is 6.9% with the average increase across nine of our plans at 6%. This means that over 227 000 members – around 65% of our membership – will experience an increase below CPI.’ How we did this We conducted in depth research over the last year, which included stakeholder engagement, actuarial analysis and projections to look at how to enhance our benefits. In addition, we analysed feedback from over 10 000 member surveys, researched international healthcare protocols, trends and disease burden rates in South Africa. The result: We have stayed true to our ultimate commitment of giving more value to our members, by reducing out-of-pocket expenses, enhancing benefits and providing additional preventative and managed care. Our fiscal health The Scheme is financially sound, including financial indicators to claim’s paying ability and strong solvency levels. And, despite investing over R1.4 billion back to members in 2021 and 2022, we saw our reserves increase to R8.8 billion last year. A feat matched by no other open scheme. We have noted an erratic claims’ catch up emerge over the past 12 months and, it is for this reason that it’s essential to take a well-rounded approach and apply a modicum of conservativeness to our approach. This, to remain sustainable for our members, regardless of increased claim patterns. We also applied prudent investment management strategies that enabled solid returns for the members. Membership growth Membership grew by 62 000 principal members, 80% through organic growth – in a declining industry. New members are 13 years younger than the average, which means we have succeeded in attracting a younger, healthier profile which is coveted across our industry. We attribute this to offering a diversified product range from hospital plans to network options and Edge plans – driven by innovation and technology. So, what’s new? Our research identified various healthcare trends and needs and we have ensured these are met in our plan benefits and enhancements. Our solution to unregulated healthcare costs In South Africa, providers are free to charge patients any tariff they see fit. However, with the economic pressures faced by consumers, funding is usually in short supply. Through engagement and collaboration with healthcare providers we have found solutions to these challenges. We implemented networks at the most favourable tariffs for our members so that they can avoid out-of-pocket expenses and get more value from their medical aid. This applies to GPs, medication, dentistry, optical, specialists and hospitals. Not only do we direct members to the most efficient hospitals, with the best healthcare options but the discounted tariffs reduce co-payments or eliminate them. Specialist’s costs For 2024, we considered the input from specialists, regarding the cost of services and enhanced our specialist reimbursement rates. This allows 85% of our members to have full cover, wallet-free specialist visits. Our specialist network ensures members are covered with the top 15 speciality types contracted into the network. We have introduced three tiers of network specialist rates, based on experience and proximity. The key focus is on specialty types with high claim volumes and major medical costs such as gynaecologists, physicians and cardiologists. Managed Care enhancements Over the years the prevalence of non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, has increased year-on-year. This is further compounded by the increased burden of mental health which is an added risk factor. Mental health One of the key insights noted was that mental health prevalence is at an all-time high. This is exacerbated by factors such as an increased economic burden and increased psycho-social challenges, such as loadshedding. We have seen a 25% increase in the number of mental health hospital admissions, indicating a need for additional support. This need is particularly high in the 18 to 44 age groups. We further noted that mental health was a key driver for absenteeism in corporate groups. For this reason, we have included the Bonitas Mental Healthcare Programme across all plans for 2024 and included depression as a chronic condition. We also offer access to Panda, a digital platform available through the Bonitas app, giving members easy access to expert help, mental health information and community support. Back and neck programme We recognised that not all members have access to the DBC back and neck facilities so, in addition to adding a digital version of the programme, we have established a network of physiotherapists so members can access the benefits of the programme in more remote areas. Preventative screening A key trend across the healthcare industry has been the decline of preventative screening, including wellness checks and health risks assessments. We have taken up the challenge and have intensified our drive to increase screening uptake. Introducing the Bonitas Be Better Benefit! Funded completely from risk, this unique benefit provides a range of screening tests and benefits to ensure members have access to the necessary screenings, to allow for early detection and to be put onto a path to wellness. The Be Better Benefit is available on all options, except BonCap. This benefit is paid for from risk – helping families to get the best possible healthcare. As an added bonus for 2024, childhood immunisations following the State Vaccine Schedule will be added to six of our plans. HPV vaccine We’ve also taken great care to expand our preventative care benefits by including the Human Papilloma (HPV) vaccine on all
September 28, 2023
Bonitas Medical Fund: 2024 Product Launch round up
At a glance: 353 763 Principal members 727 041 Total beneficiaries 62 000 new principal members added last year 18.7% chronic profile Average age of beneficiary: 35.5 Average age of new members is 13 years younger than existing members R8.8 billion in reserves 41.3% solvency ratio AA+ Credit rating Plans Bonitas offers a wide range of plans that are simple and easy to understand. There are 15 options in five categories: Savings, traditional, hospital, Edge (virtual) and income-based. Increases The average increase, across all plans, is 6.9% The risk contribution on Primary, Primary Select, BonSave, BonFit Select, BonEssential, BonEssential Select, BonStart, BonStart Plus and BonCap is 6% These options contribute to over 70% of new business 227 000 members will experience an increase below CPI – approximately 65% of our membership Plan increases range from 2.7% to 9.6% Increased savings, for BonSave it’s an increase of 25% Note: Contributions from January 2024 Name of plan Type of plan Main member Adult member Child member % increase BonComprehensive Savings R9 853 R9 292 R2 006 9.6% BonClassic Savings R6 732 R5 780 R1 662 9.6% BonComplete Savings R5 359 R4 293 R1 455 9.6% BonSave Savings R3 447 R2 671 R1 032 6.8% BonFit Select Savings R2 295 R1 719 R 772 2.7% BonStart Edge R1 378 R1 378 R1 378 3% BonStart Plus Edge R1 754 R1 668 R 773 3% Standard Traditional R4 922 R4 267 R1 444 8.4% Standard Select Traditional R4 448 R3 849 R1 302 8.4% Primary Traditional R2 993 R2 341 R 952 7.2% Primary Select Traditional R2 619 R2 048 R 832 7.2% Hospital Standard Hospital R2 964 R2 497 R1 127 8.4% BonEssential Hospital R2 287 R1 690 R 739 7.1% BonEssential Select Hospital R1 998 R1 464 R 659 6.7% BonCap New and revised income bands Income-based 5.5% R0 to R10 680 R1 430 R1 430 R 673 R10 681 to R17 330 R1 745 R1 745 R 802 R17 331 to R22 541 R2 813 R2 813 R1 064 R22 542+ R3 453 R3 453 R1 310 What’s new? Mental Health: Due to a 25% increase in the number of mental health hospital admissions, the mental health programme has been included on all plans for 2024. Depression has also been added as a chronic condition on 11 plans The mental health app – Panda – is a free to download mental health and wellness mobile app available to all members Hearing: As part of the audiology programme, free online hearing screenings have been introduced DBC Back and neck programme: A physiotherapy network has been established Oncology: Increased specialised drug benefit on BonClassic, BonComprehensive, Standard and Standard Select International bone marrow searches allowed Introduction of a Be Better Benefit, paid from risk for a range of screening tests and benefits to allow for early detection (all plans except BonCap) An annual wellness screening (blood pressure, blood glucose, BMI, cholesterol) Flu vaccines HIV Lipograms Mammograms Pap smears Prostate screening Pneumococcal vaccine Whooping cough boosters HPV vaccines Stool tests for colon cancer Dental fissure sealants Online hearing screening Contraceptives Pharmacy network: Over 4 000 pharmacies to choose from including all Clicks, Dischem and Medirite branches HPV vaccine has been extended to all plans. 2 doses for females aged 9 to 14 years and 3 doses for females aged 15 to 26 years per lifetime HIV+ members: An annual test for HIV+ members who had a positive cytology test, as well as a choice between the 3-yearly basic cytology test or a 5-yearly HPV PCR test The Benefit Booster has been adjusted according to utilisation (10% monetary increase on 8 plans). The only benefit in the market which provides members with access to an additional amount to use for out-of-hospital expenses at no extra cost – effectively giving savings and day-to-day benefits a healthy boost Covers everything from additional GP consultations to acute medicine. Increased the child dependant age to 24 years, not just for students Partnered with What’s Up Doc: An innovative patient-driven WhatsApp service that allows doctors on the BonCap network to engage with members more easily – sharing prescriptions, blood test results, specialist referrals, etc – it’ll improve care coordination
September 28, 2023
Webinar – Dealing with blocked noses in babies & toddlers
In this antenatal class, Sr Talia, explains how to treat block noses in Babies and Toddlers. Knowing when to go to the doctor and what to do at home.
September 22, 2023
Advice from the experts
Choosing the right humidifier for your child
Now that winter is coming, it’s a good idea to invest in a good humidifier if you don’t already have one. In this post I highlight the benefits of these machines and discuss the differences between cool and warm mist humidifiers. What are the benefits of a humidifier? During the cold winter months the air becomes dry. This causes our skin and airways to dry out as we lose more water from our skins through osmosis. Humidifiers work by adding moisture back into the air to increase the humidity. This can help relieve dry skin and cracked lips, dry nasal passages and associated nose bleeds, dry and sore throats as well as snoring. Humidifiers also help alleviate congestion by loosening up mucus secretions. Humidifiers also help prevent the spread of airborne viruses, which is especially helpful in winter. A higher humidity prevents the movement of germs because when they combine with water droplets they become heavier causing them to fall to the ground. Humidifiers are not only beneficial in winter but also in summer as air conditioners can also make the air dry. Use during spring and autumn can also help alleviate the symptoms of allergies because moisture will soothe nasal passages as well as dry itchy eyes. Warm versus cool mist? Warm mist humidifiers are evaporative. They heat up the water to create warm steam or mist, which can warm up a room. However by the time the vapour reaches the airways it will be room temperature. Since these humidifiers warm up the water, they have the advantage of helping to destroy any bacteria present in the water so that the water vapour being dispersed into the air is clean. Regardless of this, warm humidifiers are not recommended for use in children’s bedrooms or in areas where they can get a hold of them because children can burn themselves. There are two different types of cool humidifiers – ultrasonic and evaporative ones. Both types are often advertised as “cool mist”. The evaporative ones evaporate the water without heating it up whereas the ultrasonic ones disperse water droplets instead of water vapour. The problem with this is that water droplets are larger and able to carry other substances present in the water with them whereas water vapour cannot. However, ultrasonic humidifiers are quieter and also more energy efficient. What are the risks of a humidifier? There are some people who don’t advocate the use of a humidifier because of the negative effects it can have on your health but these effects are mostly due to improper cleaning of your device. Whenever water is allowed to sit, there is a chance of bacteria and mold growing. I spoke briefly about ultrasonic humidifiers and how they not only propel water into the air but everything else that is in the water. This means that whatever has grown in the water will be dispersed into the air, which can cause health problems. You will also get a buildup of minerals from the water if your machine is not cleaned properly and similarly these will also be dispersed into the air and fall as white dust. This dust is not necessarily harmful but it can irritate the airways of children and those with respiratory problems. If this is a risk it’s better to use distilled water in the tank, which is mineral free. It is also possible to put too much moisture into the air, which can lead to the growth of mould inside your home. If you notice water drops on the windows or windowsills you will have to use the humidifier less often. You could invest in a hygrometer to monitor the humidity, which should never be more than 50% inside your home. What about an air purifier? An air purifier is not the same thing as a humidifier. Purifiers clear the air of allergens and dust and can also reduce mold, which can be really helpful for asthma sufferers. It is possible to use both a humidifier and an air purifier in the same room because they both have a different purpose. Which humidifier you choose is really a matter of personal preference (if there is no danger of a child burning him or herself). The most important thing is that you keep your humidifier VERY clean. This is especially important with the ultrasonic humidifiers. Regular and thorough cleaning will prevent mineral buildup, growth of bacteria and mould and also keep your machine working optimally. I also wouldn’t rely on various claims made by manufacturers about the product being able to prevent bacterial buildup. The bottom line is that you need to clean your humidifier every day.
April 19, 2023
Why fiber is essential to every diet
Whether it was in an advert, through a doctor, via a pharmacist or in a book, by now you would have heard that fibre is one of the most important nutrients we need in our diets. A lack of fibre can lead to a host of digestive (and other) problems, so it’s important to ensure you get your daily required amount. But did you know that fibre is not just essential for adults? Children, toddlers and babies are extremely reliant on it, as it keeps their bowel movements regular. Let’s take a look at what exactly fibre is, and why it’s so good for you, at every stage of your life. Dietary fibre comes from plants: think fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, beans, nuts and seeds. Diets higher in fibre can help lower cholesterol, control blood sugar, maintain bowel health, manage constipation and help promote a healthy weight. In fact, in epidemiological studies, populations with higher dietary fibre intakes tend to have lower chronic disease rates overall. A higher fibre intake provided by foods like fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole- and high-fibre grain products is likely to be lower in calories, fat and added sugar. There are two categories of dietary fibre: soluble and insoluble. Most plant foods contain both types. Soluble fibre dissolves in liquid and forms a gel in our stomachs, so it can bind fats and can help reduce cholesterol. It can also slow down the absorption of sugars, helping normalise blood sugar. Good sources include oat bran, barley, peas and beans, nuts, seeds, and most fruits and vegetables. In addition to oat bran, psyllium husks and chia seeds are especially high in soluble fibre—if you’ve ever stirred them into a liquid, you know just how gelatinous they get! Insoluble fibre, on the other hand, doesn’t dissolve in liquid but will actually absorb liquid, so it adds bulk to stool and helps keep digestive waste moving along. Good sources include wheat bran, whole grains, nuts, beans and vegetables. Both soluble and insoluble fibre are considered together in dietary fibre recommendations. Your daily recommendations for adequate intake of dietary fibre vary by age, gender and life stage. While these recommendations apply to most people, if you have certain digestive or bowel disorders (either acute or chronic), your healthcare provider might have asked you to reduce the amount of fibre in your diet. Children 1 – 3 years require 19 g Children 4 – 8 years require 25 g Girls 9 – 13 years require 26 g Boys 9 – 13 years require 31 g Adolescent girls 14 – 18 years require 26 g Women 19 – 30 years require 25 g Men 19 – 30 years require 38 g Women 31 – 50 years require 25 g Men 31 – 50 years require 38 g Women 50 – 70+ years require 21 g Men 50 – 70+ years require 30 g Pregnant women require 28 g Note that the fibre requirements for babies under 1 year are not well studied. Fibre is particularly important during pregnancy and postpartum when constipation can be a common complaint. In addition to dietary sources, fibre supplementation may be very useful. What can you expect from a diet high in fibre? Normal and healthy bowel movements Dietary fibre increases the weight of the stool while also softening it. This makes it easier to pass, and lessens the chances of constipation. Fibre may help solidify loose stools because it absorbs water. Having enough of it in your diet will keep you “regular” and ensure healthy bowel movements. It also aids the long-term health of the colon. A high fibre diet reduces the risk of developing colorectal cancer and also lowers the risk of haemorrhoids. It helps maintain a healthy weight Foods that are high in fibre are usually healthier food options as they are whole foods and fresh foods. They are unrefined and unprocessed, and usually free from added sugars, salts and preservatives. High fibre foods are more filling than low fibre foods, which means you’ll eat less calories, but stay fuller for longer. A great example of this is bread. Have you ever noticed how a slice of high fibre, low-GI bread keeps you feeling fuller for much longer than a slice of refined white bread? It maintains healthy cholesterol Certain soluble fibre foods help lower the body’s total blood cholesterol levels by lowering low-density lipoprotein, also known as “bad” cholesterol levels. These foods include oat bran, flaxseed, oats and beans. Fibre aids a healthy heart too by reducing blood pressure and inflammation. It lowers blood sugar levels Those with diabetes will be happy to learn that eating lots of high fibre foods (particularly soluble fibre) can help slow down the body’s absorption of sugar and improve blood sugar levels. A diet high in insoluble fibre may also help prevent the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It improves your overall health There are so many studies showing that a high fibre diet contributes to overall better health and a longer life. Not only does it help reduce fatality from cardiovascular disease but it also protects from cancer. Why is fibre so important for babies and tots? Just like adults and children, babies and tots are at risk of developing constipation if they do not consume enough fibre. Babies that are exclusively breast-fed do not generally have a problem with constipation, as breastmilk provides adequate fluids to aid the digestive system. However, once solid foods are introduced at around six months, parents should ensure their baby drinks enough water to aid digestion, and should transition them to high fibre foods as soon as possible. Fruit and vegetables are a great place to start. As soon as baby starts weaning, it is crucial to increase their water intake. To make this easier, always offer water as a first choice for quenching their thirst. Make it more enticing by offering them water in playful and colourful sippy cups, or add in a piece of cucumber,
April 19, 2023
IS FASTING GOOD FOR YOUR BODY?
Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, explains that while fasting can have numerous health benefits for the body, it may only be appropriate for some. What Is Fasting? Fasting has been around for centuries and is a tradition in many cultures and religions. It involves abstaining from food or certain foods for a certain period. It can range from short-term, intermittent fasts lasting a few hours to longer, multi-day fasts. “Fasting is done in different ways, such as intermittent fasting, alternate-day fasting, time-restricted eating, water fasting, juice fasting, dry fasting, and religious fasting says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “It is, however, important to note that while fasting can have numerous health benefits, it is not appropriate for everyone and should be discussed with a doctor before starting.” What Are the Health Benefits of Fasting? Recent scientific studies have shown that fasting can have numerous health benefits for the body. One of the most well-known benefits of fasting is weight loss. When the body is in a fasted state, it begins to burn stored fat for energy instead of glucose from food. This can lead to a reduction in body fat and weight loss. Fasting can also improve insulin sensitivity, which is essential for managing diabetes and preventing the development of metabolic diseases. Fasting has also been shown to reduce inflammation in the body. Inflammation contributes to many chronic diseases, including heart disease and cancer. Fasting can reduce inflammation by stimulating the production of anti-inflammatory molecules in the body. Fasting has also improved brain function, including memory and cognitive performance. This is thought to be due to the production of a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein, which helps promote brain cells’ growth and survival. Finally, fasting has been shown to increase longevity. Studies have found that calorie restriction, a form of fasting, can increase the lifespan of animals. The same may be true for humans, and more research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind this effect. Different Types of Fasting There are several different types of fasting, each with its unique guidelines and benefits. Intermittent Fasting: This type of fasting involves eating during a specific window and fasting outside that window. One popular strategy is the 16/8 approach, in which you fast for 16 hours and eat within an eight-hour window. The 5:2 diet is another common strategy: eating for five days and restricting calories to 500-600 for two non-consecutive days. Weight loss, insulin sensitivity, and longevity have all been proven to benefit from intermittent fasting. Alternate-day Fasting: This type of fasting entails alternating between regular eating days and calorie-restricted days. You could regularly eat one day and then consume only 500-600 calories the following. Fasting on alternate days has been found to aid weight loss and enhance insulin sensitivity. Time-restricted Eating: This type of fasting involves restricting the hours of the day you eat. For example, you may only eat between 12 PM and 8 PM and fast for the remaining 16 hours. Time-restricted eating has been demonstrated to aid in weight loss, insulin sensitivity, and longevity. Water Fasting: This type of fasting involves consuming only water for a specific period. This can last anywhere from 24 hours to several days. Water fasting has been demonstrated to provide various health benefits, including weight loss, increased insulin sensitivity, and decreased inflammation. Juice Fasting: This fasting involves consuming only juice for a specific period. This can last anywhere from 24 hours to several days. Juice fasting can help detox the body, improve digestion, and boost the immune system. Dry Fasting: This fasting involves abstaining from food and water for a specific period. This can last anywhere from 24 hours to several days. Religious Fasting: Many religions have fasting as a traditional practice, such as Ramadan in Islam, Lent in Christianity, and Yom Kippur in Judaism. The fasting periods and rules may vary, but it is often a period of spiritual reflection and self-discipline. In Conclusion, while research suggests fasting is good for your health, it’s important to remember that it may not be the right choice for everyone. “Before fasting, anyone with specific medical disorders, such as diabetes, insomnia, digestive issues, a weakened immune system, or cancer, should see their doctor. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should also avoid fasting, as it can harm the developing foetus or baby,” says Hewlett. “Individuals with a history of eating disorders or disordered eating patterns should also avoid fasting, as it can trigger unhealthy behaviours. Additionally, fasting can be difficult for people who have difficulty sticking to strict guidelines or have difficulty feeling full on just water and juice. If you have doubts or concerns about whether fasting is right for you, it is best to speak with a healthcare professional beginning your fast.”
April 19, 2023
Child drownings are not seasonal and are almost always preventable
Child drownings happen year-round and PowerPlastics Pool Covers is on a drive to remind parents that these drownings are entirely preventable with multiple layers of safety applied to the pool. The PowerPlastics Solid Safety Cover and adult supervision at all times should be included in these layers of safety at all times. The PowerPlastics Solid Safety Cover offers parental peace of mind as it completely seals off the entire pool. The PVC cover is drawn over strong aluminium batons that rest on the coping, and a tamperproof ratchet fastening system makes it impossible for a small child to access the water. Small drainage holes prevent rain or sprinkler water from collecting on the cover as just a few millimetres of water can be fatal to a curious child. The cover withstands up to 220kg and is easily deployed by two people, or it can be semi-automated for single person usage. The PowerPlastics Solid Safety Cover is available in a range of colours, allowing it to blend into the outdoor area. Importantly, the cover complies with the recommended guidelines (SANS 10134) for pool safety, set by the SABS who oversees pool safety compliance in SA. Thermal pool covers or ‘bubble’ covers that lie directly on the water should never be considered as child safety pool covers as they do not bear weight. Aside from covering the pool, every adult in the home needs to know what a drowning in progress actually looks like as TV has created many misconceptions around this. There is no noise or splashing nor calls for help. Drowning is quick and silent. Even if one doesn’t have children, it is still necessary to consider safety for visitors. Families living in residential complexes with a communal pool should insist that their body corporate install a solid safety pool cover. PowerPlastics Pool Covers has also created a Safety Monitor system. Based on the principle that adult supervision is key to avoiding drownings, it allows children to quickly identify the adult in charge should there be a safety issue among the children in the pool. When there’s a larger number of children in the pool, e.g at pool parties, it is advisable to have two or more supervisors each wearing a tag. A busy pool is high risk. You can download it here and print at home. Laminate it if possible (to prevent water damage) and then add a lanyard or tie it on a loop of string and wear around the neck. The bottom line is that children need to be supervised around pools, and as long as the pool is covered and other layers of safety are in place, the likelihood of a tragedy occurring in your pool is greatly reduced. Practical tips for pool safety Don’t let your pool’s water levels drop. Keeping the pool topped up allows for small arms to easily grab the edge if needed. For every two children in the pool, have one adult supervising and use the Saefty Monitor tag system. The more children, the more supervisors needed. Be aware that children’s pool parties are high-risk events. Turn off fountains and water features. Not only do they waste water and power, they can cause ripples and splashing, making it harder to see when a child has encountered difficulty in the pool or has sunk to the bottom. Ensure that every adult in the home knows CPR, including domestic workers. Never hire a baby sitter or au pair who can’t swim. Don’t let anyone who has been drinking or on sedative medication supervise children in a pool. Don’t leave toys in or near an open pool as children will be tempted to retrieve them. Teach your child to swim fully clothed and with shoes on. If your child develops a fear of water, don’t ignore this – a child who panics is at greater risk of drowning. Never allow swimming after dark. Discourage your dogs from swimming. Children and pets in a pool are not a good mix. Never leave the pool without securing it with your PowerPlastics Solid Safety Cover. Never design / build a pool that cannot be secured for child safety. The Vektor Rollup Station brings semi-automation to the PowerPlastics Solid Safety Cover. Learn more.
April 18, 2023
The Link Between Eczema and Gut Health – Three Tips To Help Soothe Your Child’s Skin
If your child struggles with eczema, you know too well the symptoms of itching, swelling, dryness, and discomfort that interfere with everything from missed school to anxiety and limited physical activity. What is eczema? Eczema is a common chronic inflammatory disorder of the skin that causes dry, itchy, and inflamed skin and affects up to 30% of children.1 Recent research has shown a link between eczema and gut health.2a Here are three tips to soothe your child’s eczema-prone skin and improve their gut health: #1 Incorporate probiotics into your child’s diet:Studies have shown that probiotics can help improve the balance of bacteria in the gut, which can, in turn, reduce eczema symptoms. 2b Reuterina® drops3 is clinically validated in babies and children and shown to improve a variety of health conditions. #2 Avoid high-sugar foods:High-sugar foods can upset the balance of bacteria in the gut, exacerbating eczema symptoms.4 Instead, focus on whole, nutrient-dense foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. #3 Keep your child’s skin hydrated:Dry skin can worsen eczema symptoms, so it’s essential to keep your child’s skin moisturised.5 The Reuterina® family of probiotics are available from selected Dis-Chem and Clicks stores and independent pharmacies nationwide. For more information, visit: https://reuterina.co.za/ and join the conversations on Instagram and Facebook. Ascendis Pharma (Pty) Ltd. Co Reg No. 2002/001567/07 | Customer Care: +27 11 036 9600 | 022 ZA Reut 022023
April 14, 2023
WHAT ARE THE SIX MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOURS?
Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, explores the six major characteristics of addictive behaviours and their impact on individuals and society. What Is Addictive Behaviour? Addictive behaviour is a serious and complex phenomenon characterised by a persistent pattern of substance use or engagement in activities that can lead to significant harm to oneself or others. What Are Common Behavioural Addictions? Addiction can manifest itself in a variety of ways. Generally, physical symptoms are required for someone to be diagnosed with an addiction disorder. However, behavioural addiction occurs without the physical issues faced by people who compulsively engage in drug and alcohol abuse. “Unfortunately, those living with behavioural addictions, like all others who struggle with addiction, cannot cease engaging in the behaviour for any length of time without therapy and assistance,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. Common behaviour addictions include: Sex and love addictions Shopping addiction Gambling addiction Compulsive Internet use Excessive video gaming Food addiction (binge eating) Exercise addiction Addiction to plastic surgery Addiction to thrill-seeking activities Significant Characteristics of Addictive Behaviours While there are various characteristics of addictive behaviours, Affinity Highlights six main traits. Compulsion As mentioned, addictive behaviour is characterised by a strong desire or need to engage in the behaviour despite adverse consequences. Individuals may feel compelled to continue engaging in activities even when it harms their health, relationships, or job performance. This compulsive behaviour is one of the critical characteristics of addiction. Loss of Control An individual with addictive behaviour, often feels like they cannot control themselves. This loss of control can lead to an inability to stop engaging in the behaviour despite the negative consequences. Denial, Deception, Dishonesty, And Deflection Those with a behavioural addiction often go to considerable lengths to ensure family, friends, and co-workers are kept in the dark about their condition. Usually, this involves lying, keeping secrets, hiding phone conversations and text messages, avoiding direct responses or being defensive when questioned. Moreover, they lie about their whereabouts, activities, or who they’ve been with. Withdrawal When individuals with addictive behaviour stop using substances, they experience withdrawal symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. Additionally, they’re prone to physical symptoms such as insomnia, fatigue, tremors, or seizures. This can make it difficult for them to stop and contributes to the cycle of addiction. Negative Social Impact Addictive behaviour can significantly negatively impact an individual’s social well-being. It can strain relationships, cause financial problems, and lead to legal trouble. Like any other form of addiction, behavioural addiction is a chronic disease that can have a lasting impact on an individual’s life and ripple effects on their family and loved ones. Losing Interest in Activities, Hobbies or Events That Were Once Important To You Addictive behaviour can lead the individual to prioritise the behaviour over other aspects of their life that used to bring them joy. What Treatment Options Are Available for Addictive Behaviour? Treatment for addictive behaviour typically involves a combination of therapy, medication, and support groups. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is a common form of therapy that helps individuals understand the thoughts and feelings that drive their addiction and develop coping mechanisms to deal with cravings and triggers. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is often used to help with withdrawal symptoms and reduce the risk of relapse. Support groups can provide a sense of community and accountability for individuals in recovery. In some cases, inpatient or outpatient treatment programmes are recommended. “It is important to note that behavioural addiction treatment should be tailored to the individual and may require ongoing support and monitoring to maintain long-term recovery,” concludes Hewlett.
April 14, 2023
5 DANGERS OF SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY
Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, explores the dangers of smoking during pregnancy. “While the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy in South Africa has decreased in recent decades, it is still a significant public health concern that requires continued attention and support to help pregnant women quit smoking and protect the health of their unborn babies,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “Quitting smoking is the best way to protect the health of both the mother and the baby. Many resources are available to help pregnant women quit smoking, including counselling, support groups, and nicotine replacement therapy. Seeking help is crucial for a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby.” When a woman smokes cigarettes during pregnancy, the harmful chemicals in the tobacco smoke enter her bloodstream and pass through the placenta to the developing foetus. This can lead to a range of adverse health effects. Despite this, many women smoke during pregnancy because they are unaware of the risks or find quitting difficult. Dangerous Chemicals in Cigarettes Cigarette smoke contains various harmful chemicals that can affect foetal development and increase the likelihood of a range of health problems in the short and long term. A few of the many chemicals found in cigarettes include: Nicotine is the addictive substance in cigarettes, and it increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer. Tar, a sticky brown substance, is deposited in the lungs when inhaled cigarette smoke can lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Carbon monoxide, a poisonous gas, reduces the amount of oxygen in the bloodstream and can cause shortness of breath, dizziness, and headaches. Benzene, a carcinogen, can damage the bone marrow and lead to leukaemia. Formaldehyde, used to preserve dead bodies, is also found in cigarettes and is a known carcinogen. Acrolein, a toxic liquid, irritates the eyes, nose, and throat and can cause lung damage. Smoking During Pregnancy: The Top Risks to Your Unborn Baby’s Health Affinity Health lists five of the most significant risks associated with smoking. 1. Low Birth Weight Smoking during pregnancy is one of the leading causes of low birth weight. Babies born with low birth weight are at higher risk of health problems, including respiratory distress, feeding difficulties, and infections. They may also experience developmental delays and have a higher likelihood of long-term health problems, including chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. According to the American Pregnancy Association, smoking during pregnancy can result in an average 180 grams decrease in birth weight. This risk increases with the number of cigarettes a mother smokes per day. 2. Premature Birth Smoking during pregnancy is also a significant risk factor for premature birth (defined as giving birth before 37 weeks of gestation). Premature babies are at higher risk of developing health problems, including respiratory distress syndrome, cerebral palsy, and vision and hearing problems. According to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), smoking during pregnancy raises the chance of premature birth by 25%. 3. Stillbirth Smoking during pregnancy can also lead to stillbirth (when a baby dies in the womb after 20 weeks of pregnancy). Stillbirth is a devastating loss for families and can be caused by various factors, including smoking during pregnancy. According to the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, smoking during pregnancy raises the chance of stillbirth by up to 40%. 4. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is the unexpected death of an infant under the age of one year, typically while sleeping. Smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for SIDS, and babies born to smokers are up to three times more likely to die from SIDS than babies born to non-smokers. Smoking during pregnancy raises the risk of SIDS by altering the baby’s respiratory and immunological systems, leaving them more vulnerable to illnesses. 5. Developmental Delays and Long-Term Health Problems Smoking during pregnancy can also lead to developmental delays and long-term health problems for the baby. Children born to moms who smoked during their pregnancy had an increased risk of developmental impairments, including language and cognitive development delays. Smoking during pregnancy can also affect the baby’s DNA, leading to long-lasting changes that may increase cancer risk and other chronic diseases later in life.
April 13, 2023
Gluten free Mushroom Tostadas
Serves 2-3 / Makes 6 tostadas Ingredients: 1 small red onion, quartered and sliced 4 Tbsp white wine vinegar 1 tsp salt 2 tsp sugar 1 large jalapeño, sliced 1 handful fresh coriander, roughly chopped 1 large avocado, diced 400g portobello mushrooms / 6 medium portabellos 2 Tbsp taco / fajita / Mexican spice mix 6 fresh white or yellow corn tortillas 125ml crème fraîche, for serving 100g feta cheese, for serving Lime wedges, for serving Salt and pepper, to taste Olive oil, for cooking Method: Place the red onion, vinegar, salt and sugar in a bowl. Mix to combine and set aside. Prepare the vegetable toppings. Preheat the oven on grill. Brush the tortillas on both sides with a little olive oil. Place on a baking tray and grill until lightly charred and crisp, turning half way through to cook both sides. Season the portabellos with olive oil and the taco spice. Use the same baking tray as the tortillas and grill them, turning them halfway through until lightly charred and cooked through. About 5 minutes. Allow to rest, then slice. To assemble the tostadas: Spread a dollop of crème fraîche onto the base of each crispy tortilla. Top with mushrooms, quick pickled onions, avocado, jalapeño slices and coriander. Crumble a little feta over the top of each tostada. Finish each tostada with a squeeze of fresh lime juice just before serving and enjoy!
April 6, 2023
COMMON DISEASES CHILDREN CAN CONTRACT AT SCHOOL
According to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, it is important for parents to be aware of the common diseases and health ailments that can be transmitted in a school setting and to take necessary precautions to protect their children’s health. “It is not uncommon for children to contract illnesses while at school. With close proximity to their peers, the sharing of germs is inevitable,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “Read on to find out the most common illnesses children contract in school and ways to keep your little ones happy and healthy.” The Flu One of the most common illnesses contracted at school is the flu. The flu is a viral infection that can cause symptoms such as fever, body aches, and fatigue. The flu is spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes. To reduce the risk of contracting the flu, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends ensuring your child gets a flu vaccine and practices good hygiene, such as washing their hands frequently and covering their mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing. The Common Cold Another common illness contracted at school is the common cold. The common cold is a viral infection that affects the upper respiratory tract and is characterised by symptoms such as a runny nose, congestion, and sneezing. Like the flu, the common cold is spread through respiratory droplets. To reduce the risk of contracting the common cold, it is important to practice good hygiene and avoid close contact with infected individuals. Strep Throat Other common illnesses that can be contracted at school include strep throat, which is a bacterial infection of the throat and is characterised by sore throat, fever, and swollen tonsils. Antibiotics are usually required to treat strep throat. Most children can return to school and play within a few days with proper medical care and plenty of rest and fluids. To prevent strep throat, teach your children to cover their mouths with an elbow or tissue when they cough or sneeze and not to share drinking cups or eating utensils with their classmates. Pink Eye Pink eye, otherwise known as conjunctivitis, is an infection of the eye and is characterised by redness, itching, and discharge. Many of the bacteria and viruses that cause colds and other infections, such as ear infections, sinus infections, and sore throats, can cause infectious pinkeye (the kind that spreads to others). Although generally not serious, if your child shows signs of pinkeye, it’s important to see a doctor. Some kinds of pinkeye go away on their own, but others need treatment. A Word On Head Lice While not an “illness”, head lice can be problematic and sometimes challenging to treat, resulting in days absent from school. Head lice are tiny insects that live on the scalp and cause itching and sores. They are transmitted through direct head-to-head contact or by sharing hats, brushes, or other personal items. As such, it’s difficult to prevent the spread of head lice among children in childcare facilities and schools because there is so much close contact. It’s important to note that having head lice isn’t a sign of poor personal hygiene or an unclean living environment. Head lice don’t carry bacterial or viral diseases. If you suspect your child has head lice, or your child’s school has notified you that your child has lice, there are several over-the-counter shampoos (often used in conjunction with wide-tooth combs) available to kill lice and end the louse life cycle. Conclusion It is important for parents to keep their children home if they are experiencing any of the above conditions to prevent the spread to others. It is also important for parents to encourage their children to practice good hygiene. “One of the best – and proven – ways of stopping the spread of childhood diseases is washing hands frequently,” adds Hewlett. “Encourage your child to wash their hands for 20 seconds with soap and water when their hands appear dirty, before eating, and after blowing their nose, sneezing, or coughing.”
April 5, 2023
CAN PROBIOTICS HELP WITH THRUSH?
Are you feeling itchy down there? You’re not alone! Vaginal thrush, also known as candidiasis, is a common fungal infection that affects about 70% of women worldwide every year1, with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) affecting up to 5% of women.2 But don’t let the ick factor get you down – there’s no need to suffer in silence. A few simple lifestyle changes can help keep things in check, like practicing good hygiene, changing your diet, avoiding synthetic and tight clothing3, and taking probiotics to restore the natural balance of vaginal flora.4a What is thrush? First things first, let’s talk about what causes this pesky problem. There are many misconceptions surrounding thrush. No, chocolate does not cause thrush (sigh of relief). It’s not caused by sexually transmitted infections either, nor is it caused by swimming, coloured soaps, or blue puppies printed on your toilet paper. Thrush is a condition caused by an overgrowth of yeast called Candida albicans, which is present in the vagina naturally. But when something throws off the delicate balance of bacteria and yeast (like taking antibiotics or experiencing hormonal changes), the yeast can start to multiply and cause uncomfortable symptoms.5a What causes vaginal thrush? Thrush can be caused by a number of things, including antibiotics, douches or vaginal sprays, birth control medication pregnancy, and certain health conditions such as diabetes, an iron deficiency or vitamin B12 deficiency, and an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism).6a Antibiotics can kill off the body’s natural bacteria, allowing the fungus to grow unchecked. Pregnancy and diabetes can also cause changes in the body that make it more susceptible to thrush. Certain medical conditions can weaken the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off the fungus.6b What are the symptoms of vaginal thrush? Itching, an unpleasant burning sensation, and pain are common signs of a vaginal yeast infection. The vaginal membranes get red and have a whitish covering. A few days before your period, your symptoms may worsen. If the inflammation has progressed to the external genitals, the labia may also be red and swollen.5b Vaginal yeast infections frequently result in a whitish-yellowish discharge. It might have a watery or lumpy consistency, similar to curdled milk or cottage cheese. When you have a yeast infection, sex can be unpleasant. Urinating can be painful if the urethra (the tube through which you urinate) is also irritated.5c How probiotics can help Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can help to restore the balance of bacteria in the body. Studies show probiotics can be effective in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and maintaining the low pH environment of the vagina.4b Some of the most effective probiotics for preventing thrush include Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Bifidobacterium bifidum.4c It is important to note that probiotics should not be used as a substitute for other treatments for thrush, such as antifungal medications. If you suspect you have thrush, don’t be shy, talk to your GP or pharmacist about treatment options and get back to feeling confident and comfortable. Find your balance with Reuterina® femme The Reuterina® product line’s efficacy and safety remain unchanged. Over 200 clinical trials have been conducted to validate Reuterina®.7 Reuterina® offers a wide range of products for people of all ages, including Reuterina® femme. Reuterina® femme is indicated to maintain and restore healthy flora.8a When ingested daily, Reuterina® femme helps to maintain a healthy vaginal flora and prevent vaginal infections.8b The Reuterina® family of probiotics are available from selected Dis-Chem and Clicks stores and independent pharmacies nationwide. For more information, visit: https://reuterina.co.za/ and join the conversations on Instagram and Facebook. References and product legals available on request. | 031 ZA Reut 012023
April 3, 2023
Bonitas Medical Fund / The Gift of the Givers Foundation Audiology Project
Q & A The Bonitas/Gift of the Givers Audiology Project has allowed the audiology team to identify and assist even more learners with possible hearing problems. Number of learners tested to date: 1 225 learners at four schools during term 1 of 2023, many of whom received treatment where necessary. (Since the start of the audiology project in 2019 a total of 13 727 learners have been tested) Number of learners identified with a hearing loss/ear pathology: 19 (180 in total) Number of wax removals done: 334 (1 807 in total) Follow up steps have been taken with both these groups of learners Part of The Gift of the Giver’s audiology intervention includes a follow up with parents and learners to ensure that they have received the necessary treatment. Each learner is given a referral form which they give to their parent/caregiver. The referral form has recommendations that the parent will need to follow through. Based on the learner’s diagnosis the recommendations will require them to either visit a GP/ENT specialist/Audiologist for further assessment and management. In some cases, we will also refer to a Speech Therapist or Occupational Therapist. The families are required to visit the recommended professionals at their nearest hospital or clinic. The Gift of the Givers Audiology team then make telephonic follow ups with the families in the following 2-3 weeks, to see if the recommendations have been followed through with. How prevalent is hearing loss in South African school children? Hearing loss is more common than we think, up to 19% of South African school children suffer from varying degrees of hearing difficulties. Learners are meant to be screened from birth to 3 months with intervention taking place by 6 months of age (JCIH, 2019). However, in the South African context this does not take place due to the lack of resources as well as the lack of awareness regarding hearing loss signs and symptoms, leaving many children undiagnosed, or their hearing loss going unnoticed. Hence the Gift of the Givers audiology programme allows us to bridge this gap by allowing for early detection, identification, referrals and management of children with hearing loss or ear pathologies. The number of primary school children globally who have some form of hearing impairment as a comparison. Over 5% of the world’s population – or 430 million people – require rehabilitation to address their disabling hearing loss (432 million adults and 34 million children). It is estimated that by 2050 over 700 million people – or 1 in every 10 people – will have disabling hearing loss. ‘Disabling’ hearing loss refers to hearing loss greater than 35 decibels (dB) in the better hearing ear. Nearly 80% of people with disabling hearing loss live in low- and middle-income countries. The prevalence of hearing loss increases with age, among those older than 60 years, over 25% are affected by disabling hearing loss. In South Africa, it is estimated nationally that the prevalence of hearing impairment is four to six in every 1 000 live births in the public health care sector (Swanepoel, Storbeck & Friedland, 2009). (See reference links below) According to the South African National Deaf Association (SANDA), children should have their hearing tested several times throughout their schooling: When they enter school, at ages 6, 8 and 10 and at least once during Grades 8 or 9 and Grades 10 and 12. Why is this necessary, what changes could happen between these tests and what causes it? According to the Health Professionals Council of South Africa (HPCSA) Minimum Standards for School Hearing Screening Policy (developed by the Professional Board for Speech, Language and Hearing Professions) : All school aged learners should be afforded access to hearing screening services once during each of the four educational phases (Foundation phase – Gr R-3; Intermediate phase – Gr 4-6; Senior phase – Gr 7-9; and Further Education and Training – Gr 10-12) (ISHP, 2012). Screening should also be offered to learners (HPCSA, 2018) At risk for academic failure or who are repeating a grade Parent/teacher concerns regarding hearing, speech, language or learning ability Previous or ongoing ear pathology WHO request hearing screening (self-referral). The importance of screening learners at these different stages is to account for any unaddressed hearing problems that could have occurred during the child’s schooling career. Some hearing losses may be acquired, for example: A child may have experienced an injury/trauma to their ear which may have affected their hearing. A learner may have developed recurrent ear infections, which if left untreated could result in a hearing loss. A learner may also have a delayed onset of hearing loss. Some illnesses can result in hearing loss e.g TB, meningitis. In some cases, learners are lost to follow ups ie. Learners who are previously identified, the families may not have gone through with the follow up process. The Gift of the Givers Audiology Programme therefore takes this into account and assesses learners at both primary and secondary school level (Grade R till Grade 12). Are there any case studies or short explanation of success stories directly as a result the Gift of the Givers audiology project? Yes, many learners who were identified with hearing loss, whose parents/guardians followed through with the recommendations, were seen for further assessment and management at their hospitals and are now fitted with hearing aids. Learners who also presented with ear infections were seen by the GP/ENT to assist with treatment and management. A recent case from the previous high school, there was a learner who was lost to the follow up process/mismanagement of her case. She was previously diagnosed at a hospital with a hearing loss when she was younger and her family was told that she needed hearing aids. The family was not informed when to come in for the hearing aids and no further follow ups were done over the years. When we assessed the learner, we also found she had a problem with the mobility of her jaw and mouth which was affecting
March 28, 2023
CAN A SORE THROAT BE SOMETHING SERIOUS?
According to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, most sore throats are harmless, but severe symptoms can make breathing difficult. Everyone gets sore throats; for the most part, they are just a nuisance that passes in a few days. However, sore throats can sometimes indicate a serious infection that necessitates antibiotic treatment. And now and then, they may have an extremely unlikely cause. “A viral infection is the most common cause of sore throat. It is frequently accompanied by typical cold symptoms such as coughing, sneezing, and fatigue,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “However, while viral infections are often to blame, there are many other conditions that could be responsible for a sore throat, so I recommend seeing your doctor for a throat swab, especially if a high fever or pus accompanies a sore throat on the tonsils.” Affinity Health explores the main causes of a sore throat and when it’s time to see a doctor. Covid-19 It can be challenging to determine if a sore throat is a COVID symptom. Both the common cold and the virus that causes COVID-19 are types of viruses known as coronaviruses, and they can cause similar symptoms. A fever is one of the first signs of COVID. However, due to the spread of different strains of COVID, it is possible to have a COVID sore throat but no fever or other symptoms. However, if you have COVID, you are more likely to have other symptoms in addition to a sore throat. “Only 5-10% of COVID-19 patients will have a sore throat. They usually have a slight fever, loss of taste and smell, and difficulty breathing,” adds Hewlett. “With cold symptoms, we have to be vigilant. We used to dismiss cold symptoms as a society, but we can’t anymore. If you only have a sore throat and no other symptoms, COVID-19 is less likely to be the cause. However, if you have other symptoms, you may have COVID. I’d be concerned about COVID if I had a sore throat, cough, or fever.” How long does COVID cause sore throat? COVID symptoms typically last between five days and two weeks, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). However, if it lasts longer than five days, it could be something else, and it is worth getting checked out by your provider. Tonsillitis Tonsillitis, or inflammation of the tonsils at the back of the throat, is also caused by a virus infection. The sore throat lasts two to three days before subsiding over the course of a week or so. It can, however, be caused by a bacterial infection (usually one called streptococcus). Strep throat is most common in children, teenagers, and young adults, but it can also affect older people. Specific key characteristics can help you determine whether you need to see a doctor about antibiotics. If you have at least three of the following symptoms, you should see your doctor or pharmacist: No cough, but a sore throat A fever Tender, swollen glands in the front of your neck White pus on the back of your throat Difficulty breathing Difficulty swallowing Severe pain on one side of your throat Those who get strep throat several times a year may be candidates for tonsillectomy. According to the Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, if a person has strep throat seven times in one year, five times in two years, or three times in three years, they should consider having their tonsils removed. Glandular fever Glandular fever is also more common in teenagers and young adults. The condition is typically accompanied by swollen, tender glands, particularly in your neck, and can leave you feeling completely exhausted. If your doctor suspects glandular fever, they will order a blood test to confirm the diagnosis. Thrush The majority of us associate thrush with a vaginal fungal infection. However, thrush can develop in your mouth and throat. Oral thrush is relatively common in infants but far less common in adults. Thrush usually causes small white patches in the mouth that do not rub off easily with your finger, in addition to a sore mouth and throat. The lining of the mouth may also appear inflamed and redder than usual. The condition is likely if you use steroid inhalers or if your immune system is suppressed by conditions like cancer or medicines that work by dampening down your immune system. Acid reflux Acid reflux can cause heartburn; if the acid reaches the throat, it can also lead to throat discomfort. Common signs of acid reflux include: A burning sensation in your chest (heartburn), usually after eating, which might be worse at night or while lying down Backwash (regurgitation) of food or sour liquid Upper abdominal or chest pain Trouble swallowing (dysphagia) The sensation of a lump in your throat Treatment for a sore throat While a sore throat can be painful, the good news is that most sore throats go away on their own after about a week, depending on the cause. According to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) s, 85% of sore throats will resolve within a week, and 40% within three days. If a bacterial infection causes a sore throat, antibiotics may be necessary, while sore throats caused by a viral infection usually do not require medical attention. Acetaminophen or mild pain relievers may help with pain and fever; paediatric versions of these medications are available. A pharmacist can advise you on which ones to use and the proper dosages. It is critical to always follow the directions on any medication and only take what is recommended.
March 24, 2023
STDs THAT CONDOMS DON’T ALWAYS PREVENT
STDs are a serious public health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide. While condoms have long been considered a reliable method of preventing STDs, recent research has shown that they may not be as effective as previously thought, particularly when it comes to certain STDs. Human Papillomavirus One of the most well-known STDs that condoms may not prevent is human papillomavirus (HPV). According to the National Library of Medicine, HPV is one of the most common STIs. It is most usually transmitted during vaginal or anal intercourse, but can also spread through close skin-to-skin contact. A person infected with HPV can infect another person even if they show no signs or symptoms. Signs and symptoms of HPV include genital warts (that appear as flat lesions, small cauliflower-like bumps or tiny stemlike protrusions), common warts (that appear as rough, raised bumps and usually occur on the hands and fingers), plantar warts(hard, grainy growths that usually appear on the heels or balls of your feet), and flat warts (flat-topped, slightly raised lesions that can appear anywhere). While condoms can reduce the risk of HPV transmission, they may not provide complete protection, as the virus can be present on skin areas not covered by a condom. Herpes Simplex Virus Another STD that condoms may not protect against is herpes simplex virus (HSV). This virus is highly contagious and can be transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, even when no symptoms are present. A study conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO) found that herpes is one of the most common STDs worldwide, with an estimated 417 million people between the ages of 15 and 49 infected. Condoms can reduce the risk of HSV transmission, but they may not provide complete protection, as the virus can be present on skin areas not covered by a condom. Syphilis In addition, condoms may not protect against syphilis, which is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention revealed that in 2020, 133,945 cases of all stages of syphilis were reported, including 41,655 cases of primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis, the most infectious stages of the disease. Syphilis can be transmitted through direct contact with a syphilis sore, which can occur on or around the genitals, rectum, or mouth. Condoms can reduce the risk of syphilis transmission, but they may not provide complete protection, as syphilis sores can occur on skin areas not covered by a condom. Gonorrhea And Chlamydia Finally, condoms may not provide complete protection against gonorrhea and chlamydia, two common bacterial STDs. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 78 million people are infected with gonorrhea each year, while an estimated 131 million people are infected with chlamydia. Condoms can reduce the risk of gonorrhea and chlamydia transmission, but they may not provide complete protection, as these bacterial infections can be present in the throat, rectum, or eyes. How To Prevent the Spread of STDs So, what can individuals do to protect themselves and their partners from STDs? Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health, recommends a combination of methods, including consistent and correct use of condoms, regular testing for STDs, and vaccination against HPV and hepatitis B. It’s also important to maintain open and honest communication with sexual partners about testing and vaccination status, and to avoid risky behaviors such as unprotected sex or having multiple partners,” concludes Hewlett.
March 21, 2023
HOW IS THE INTERNET BAD FOR YOUR HEALTH?
While the Internet certainly has its benefits, according to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, it has also had several negative impacts on our health. Before we explore the adverse health effects of the Internet, we must acknowledge its positive impact on our daily lives, making many tasks faster, easier, and more convenient. Here are a few examples of how the Internet has simplified our lives: Communication: Email, instant messaging, and social media platforms have made it possible for us to communicate with others instantly, no matter where they are located. Education: The Internet has made it easier for people to access educational resources and learn new things. Online courses, tutorials, and educational videos are just a few clicks away, and they can be accessed from any device with an internet connection. Shopping: The Internet has transformed how we shop, making it easier to find and purchase products from the comfort of our homes. Entertainment: The Internet has made it easier to access a wide range of entertainment options, including movies, music, and television shows. Streaming platforms like Netflix, Hulu, and Spotify have made it easy to access content on demand. In addition, social media platforms have made discovering new artists and content creators easier. Work: The Internet has made it easier for people to work remotely, thanks to the proliferation of cloud-based tools and video conferencing platforms. Many people can now work from home or other remote locations, increasing flexibility and reducing the need for long commutes. Overall, the Internet has made our lives easier, from communication and education to shopping and entertainment. However, the Internet can also affect our mental and physical health and well-being. Affinity Health highlights some ways in which the Internet can be bad for your health: Digital Eye Strain Prolonged use of screens can lead to eye strain, dry eyes, blurred vision, and headaches. This is known as digital eye strain, or computer vision syndrome, and is a common complaint among people who spend a lot of time in front of screens. Sleep Disturbances The blue light emitted by screens can disrupt the production of the sleep hormone melatonin, leading to sleep disturbances. Sedentary Behaviour The Internet has made it easier for people to work and access entertainment from home, leading to more sedentary behaviour. This lack of physical activity can increase the risk of obesity, heart disease, and other health problems. Declined Mental Health The anonymity of the Internet has made it easier for people to engage in cyberbullying, which can have severe consequences for mental health. Social Isolation While the Internet has made it easier to connect with people, it can also lead to social isolation if it is not used in moderation. Studies have shown that excessive use of social media can lead to feelings of loneliness and depression. Financial Losses The Internet has made it easier for scammers to trick people into giving away their personal information or money. This can lead to financial losses and even identity theft. “While the Internet has many benefits, it is important to be aware of how it can affect our health and to take steps to protect ourselves,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “This can include taking breaks from screens, talking with your eye doctor about blue light protection and digital device use at your next eye examination, protecting yourself from cyberbullying and scams, and maintaining a balance between online and offline interactions,” concludes Hewlett.
March 17, 2023
FIVE WAYS TO MAINTAIN A HEALTHY RELATIONSHIP DESPITE CHRONIC ILLNESS
According to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, maintaining a healthy relationship can be challenging for anyone, but for those living with chronic illness, it can be especially difficult. What Is a Chronic Illness? A chronic illness is a long-term medical condition that affects a person’s daily life. These illnesses can be physical (such as cancer, HIV/AIDS, multiple sclerosis, lupus, respiratory diseases, diabetes, and cystic fibrosis) or they can be mental (such as depression or anxiety). These conditions are managed and often require ongoing treatment to reduce symptoms and improve your overall quality of life. How Many People in South Africa Suffer From Chronic Illnesses? According to a 2017 study by the South African Medical Research Council, approximately 80% of deaths in South Africa are due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which include chronic illnesses. Furthermore, it’s estimated that around 7.5 million people in South Africa live with diabetes, and around 17.5% of the population suffers from hypertension. The Impact of Living with A Chronic Illness Living with a chronic illness has a significant impact on a person’s life and relationships. The constant management and treatment of symptoms is physically and emotionally taxing. It also affects a person’s ability to work, socialise, and participate in activities they enjoy. Chronic illness can also place a strain on relationships as loved ones may not fully understand the daily challenges and limitations that come with the condition. However, with extra effort and understanding, it is possible to maintain a healthy and fulfilling relationship despite chronic illness. Five Ways to Maintain a Healthy Relationship Despite Chronic Illness Communicate openly and honestly with your partner It is important to keep your partner informed about your condition and how it affects your day-to-day life. This can help your partner understand your needs and how they can support you. Set realistic expectations Chronic illness can affect energy levels and your ability to participate in certain activities. It is important to set realistic expectations for yourself and your partner, and to be understanding and flexible when plans change. Practice self-care Taking care of your physical and emotional health is important to maintain a healthy relationship. Make sure you are getting enough rest, eating well, and engaging in activities that bring you joy and relaxation. Seek out support Whether it is through therapy, support groups, or talking with friends and family, having a support structure helps you manage the emotional and mental toll of your chronic illness. Make time for intimacy Chronic illness impacts sexual health and desire, but it is important to make time for intimacy and physical touch with your partner. Open and honest communication helps you navigate any difficulties and find ways to maintain a fulfilling physical relationship. How Affinity Health Can Help Affinity Health covers certain pre-approved Chronic conditions, subject to the selected plan type. The cover includes medical examinations and recommended treatment if necessary. The Chronic Medication Benefit covers approved medicine listed on the Formulary for 24 Specific Chronic Conditions. Chronic Disease Conditions covered by the Chronic Medication Benefit include Addison’s Disease, Asthma, Bronchiectasis Cardiac Failure, Cardiomyopathy, Chronic Renal Failure, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder, Coronary Artery Disease, Crohn’s Disease, Diabetes, Diabetes, Epilepsy, Glaucoma, HIV, Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension, Hypothyroidism, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, and Ulcerative Colitis.
March 16, 2023
Your Choice: Alternative Birthing Methods for Expecting Mums
As a parent the experience of birth will be the most poignant, memorable, and empowering event in your life as you step into the role of custodian in bringing new life into the world. As the primary creator of that experience, you will want to be prepared and plan it in detail, with all the essential information at your fingertips, so you can response appropriately when the birthing process begins with those first twinges of labour. Deciding on the right birth plan for the arrival of your baby is up to you, your partner and your extended support team of family and friends. One thing is certain, you will have plenty of advice and anecdotes from mothers who have experienced the birthing process before you. Remember, as a unique creation of the universe yourself, you are the one in charge of your body and only you will know the best option for you when it comes to birthing your baby. There is a wonderful adage: When in doubt go with your gut. Let your inner wisdom and the advice of your doctor help you to design the delivery of you and your partner’s choice so there are no regrets later. Your childbirth delivery options include: Natural, unassisted birth at home. Assisted childbirth at home or in a private birth center. Natural or assisted birth, including Cesarean surgery at a public or private hospital. Before settling on your personal preference of birth plan options, it is important to understand that it will depend on three key factors: The overall health of you, of your fetus and your finances. Hospital Births Getting the right health insurance coverage for your baby’s birth is important as it may require many visits to the doctor. The costs of giving birth at a public or private hospital can be seen as reaching anywhere upwards from R10 000 to R50 000 Why does it cost so much? Healthcare insurance means you and your baby are covered by the best cutting-edge medical care and support available. With this type of support network, you gain access to antenatal classes, pregnancy and gestation monitoring and ultrasound scans by your gynecologist. Hospital care includes being seen by an obstetrician – known as a pregnancy specialist should high-risk vaginal births occur, or an elective or non-elective caesarean section take place, a midwife, which is a nurse who specializes in childbirth and an epidural anesthetist for emergency monitoring and after birth pain relief. Birth care after birth includes episiotomy care, which is a more common occurrence with hospital births. Your baby is also treated with the same top-notch care with all the available equipment and expertise should your baby be premature or require medical attention. A hospital birth may mean you don’t enjoy much privacy as you are often placed in a general ward with other patients during one of the most personal events of your life and this may be a suitable time to use your medical coverage to book a private room. Unfortunately, only one person is usually allowed into the birth room. Alternate Birthing Options If you don’t have medical aid, or you do not like hospitals, or you have chosen to save up for your own choice in birth experiences, you will need to first consider if it is the best option for your baby and for you. For many women who choose a natural home birth, they find it is not possible due to health risks. If you have a low-risk pregnancy, using a midwife can be a major cost saver and a more natural and relaxed birthing experience for the whole family. Natural childbirth emphasizes an unrushed, supported process, with minimal interference and less invasive monitoring. Until about 80 years ago, natural childbirth at home was the usual and only childbirth delivery option and mothers only went to hospital if there was an urgent health emergency. Attending Antenatal classes will help you and your partner to understand and formulate your own birth plan and prepare you for what to expect, as well as teach you about the different pain management and relaxation techniques to prepare you for labour and the birthing process Professional Support at Home Start early on finding a suitable midwife, doula (a modern-day birthing coach) or birthing specialist so you can find connection and trust with them and discuss your needs. A midwife or doula will first check the health of you and your baby and give you useful information to help you have a healthy pregnancy, including advice about eating and exercise. Most importantly, they will be available to discuss your options and choices available for your care, labour and birth, and the health of your baby once delivered. Even if you elect to have a home birth you will need a checkup by an obstetrician at 28 weeks, 35 weeks, and 37 weeks of pregnancy where they will do scans to monitor the growth and general wellness of your baby; as well as be on call during labor in case of a home birthing emergency. For many, the support and care of a private midwife and doula is the best solution and outcome for baby and you. They provide a solid base of emotional support and care without the rush associated with hospitals and doctors’ waiting rooms. A midwife is on standby 24/7 for home births or may use private hospital birthing unit or even run their own private birthing center that looks like a luxury guest house over that of the clinical and business-like bustle of a hospital. Home Birth A home birth will be a more personal birthing experience but without the support of medication. Instead, you are supported with natural pain relief such as water, massage, reflexology, and aromatherapy and you may choose your own, most comfortable position to give birth using breathing techniques, such as the Lamaze method. Hypnobirthing is another technique which helps new moms to relax and prepare for labour and helps to reduce feelings of
March 10, 2023
All you need to know about asthma
South Africa is ranked 25th worldwide for asthma prevalence and is ranked fifth for asthma mortality. The lack of appropriate diagnosis, treatment or access to care may be important considerations in tackling asthma morbidity and mortality in South Africa.
March 8, 2023
SCHOOL ANXIETY IN CHILDREN: TIPS TO HELP THEM COPE
According to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, school anxiety is a common concern among children and their parents. School anxiety can manifest in various ways, such as difficulty sleeping, stomach aches, and avoidance of school. Left unchecked, school anxiety can lead to poor academic performance, social isolation, and even physical illness. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, school anxiety is caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, and developmental factors. Children with a family history of anxiety or who have experienced trauma may be more prone to developing school anxiety. Here are 10 tips from Affinity Health to help children cope with school anxiety: Talk to your child about their concerns and validate their feelings Creating an open and supportive environment where your child feels comfortable discussing their worries and fears is essential. Listen actively and try to understand their perspective. Validate their feelings by acknowledging that their emotions are real and understandable. Create a consistent and predictable daily routine Having a regular schedule can help reduce uncertainty and provide a sense of structure and stability. Set a consistent bedtime, establish a morning routine, and have a designated time for homework and other after-school activities. Encourage physical activity and a healthy diet Exercise and proper nutrition can have a positive impact on mental health and can help reduce stress and anxiety. Encourage your child to participate in physical activities that they enjoy, and ensure that they are eating a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and other nutritious foods. Establish a calm and organised environment at home A cluttered and chaotic environment can add to feelings of stress and anxiety. Help your child create a calm and organised space to work and study, and try to minimise distractions in the home. Encourage your child to express their feelings through art or writing Artistic expressions, such as drawing, painting, or writing, can be a helpful outlet for children to process their emotions and express themselves. Let your child use these creative outlets to express their feelings and thoughts about school. Set small and achievable goals for your child Breaking down larger goals into smaller, more manageable tasks can help your child feel a sense of accomplishment and progress. Encourage your child to set small, achievable goals and celebrate their successes along the way. Help your child develop relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing or progressive muscle relaxation Teaching your child relaxation techniques can help them healthily manage stress and anxiety. Some techniques include deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and visualisation. Motivate your child to participate in enjoyable activities outside of school It’s important for children to have a well-rounded and fulfilling life outside of school. Motivate your child to participate in extracurricular activities that they enjoy, such as sports, music, or clubs. Consider seeking support from a mental health professional, such as a therapist or counsellor If your child’s anxiety persists or significantly impacts their daily life, it may be helpful to seek the support of a mental health professional. A therapist or counsellor can work with your child to identify the root causes of their anxiety and develop coping strategies. Work with your child’s school to create a supportive and understanding learning environment Communicate with your child’s teacher and school administration to ensure they know your child’s anxiety and can provide appropriate support. Together, you can create a positive and understanding learning environment that helps your child feel safe and supported. “It’s important to address school anxiety as soon as possible to prevent it from escalating and harming your child’s overall well-being,” says Murray Hewlett (CEO of Affinity Health. “The good news is that with the right support and the implementation of coping strategies, children can learn to manage their anxiety and succeed in school.”
March 7, 2023
ABOUT TEEN PREGNANCY
Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, highlights ways to prevent and address teen pregnancy. Teen Pregnancy Rates in South Africa Teen pregnancy is a significant issue in South Africa, with rates of teen pregnancy remaining high. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), South Africa has one of the highest rates of teenage pregnancy globally, with nearly one in four girls becoming pregnant before age 20. Various factors such as lack of access to sexual education and contraception, cultural and societal attitudes towards sex, poverty, and lack of access to healthcare increase teenage pregnancy rates. “The latest adolescent pregnancy data from Statistics South Africa shows that 90 037 girls aged 10 to 19 years gave birth from March 2021 to April 2022 across all provinces,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “Addressing teen pregnancy in South Africa will require a multifaceted approach that addresses these underlying issues and supports pregnant and parenting teens.” By implementing these ten strategies suggested by Affinity Health, we can all work towards reducing teen pregnancy rates and improving outcomes for teens and their children. Provide Comprehensive Sex Education in Schools Studies have shown that comprehensive sex education can help reduce teen pregnancy rates. According to a review of sex education programmes by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), programmes that include information on both contraception and abstinence can help reduce rates of teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among teens. Improve Access to Contraception Improved access to contraception can help reduce teen pregnancy rates. This can include increasing funding for family planning clinics and ensuring that teens have access to affordable and effective methods of contraception. Increase Awareness of The Risks of STIs According to the CDC, teens are at increased risk of STIs, including HIV. By raising awareness of the dangers of STIs, teens may be more likely to use contraception to reduce their risk of infection. Address Poverty and Lack of Access to Healthcare Teens who live in poverty or lack access to healthcare are at increased risk of unintended pregnancy. By addressing these socioeconomic concerns, we can help reduce teen pregnancy rates. Promote Healthy Relationships and Communication Teenagers with healthy relationships and good communication skills are less likely to become pregnant. Essentially, we can help reduce rates of teen pregnancy when we improve healthy relationships and communication amongst teens. Support Parenting Teens Teens who become parents are at increased risk of poor outcomes, including dropping out of school and living in poverty. By supporting parenting teens, we can help improve outcomes for both teens and their children. Encourage Father Involvement Father involvement can positively impact both the child and the mother. When we encourage father involvement, we improve future outcomes for both teens and their children. Address Societal Attitudes and Stereotypes Societal attitudes and stereotypes about teen pregnancy can contribute to the problem. By addressing these attitudes and stereotypes, we can help reduce teen pregnancy rates. Provide Support for Pregnant and Parenting Teens Pregnant and parenting teens need support, such as access to healthcare, education, and other services. Encourage Community Involvement Community involvement can be an effective way to prevent teen pregnancy. By encouraging community involvement, we can help reduce rates of teen pregnancy.
March 3, 2023
The worrying effect of loadshedding on our children
Imagine you have an empty glass. With every stressful or challenging moment you encounter throughout the day you add some water to your glass, the amount depending on the level of anger or anxiety that moment caused you. “Now,” says Natasha Freemantle, children’s mental health specialist, “I want you to think about your average day and how many stress triggers we as parents encounter throughout the day; caused by the current state of the country.” These are, to name a few: Traffic jam on the way to and from work caused by loadshedding. Inability to do your work properly and meet deadlines due to loadshedding. Your standard grocery shop bill has gone up again. The interest rate goes up again and so do your loan repayments. You worry about how to stretch your budget to the end of the month. You rush home in traffic, rush to make dinner before loadshedding hits, plus it’s suicide hour and there’s no water in the taps for bath time. Early evenings are a time when children generally act out. They are tired, they haven’t seen their parents all day and they’ll do anything for some of your attention. However, your tolerance cup is almost full so for you this challenging behaviour tips you over the edge and you ‘flip your lid’ spilling emotions everywhere, all over your child. We all have times when we aren’t proud of our parenting. We are only human and sometimes our emotions get the better of us. The current state of things has us operating on a high level of anxiety and stress all day, every day. We don’t get a break from it. “This means that our emotions are likely to be getting the better of us more often and our children are getting the worst of our behaviour more regularly.” Freemantle adds that repeated displays of anger from a parent that are more severe than the expected consequence for the challenging behaviour of a child, means that our child may come to view us as a threat or may make us a source for their own anxiety as they cannot predict our responses to their actions. Prolonged over time this may start to take away from their secure attachment and this is something no child deserves or should have to experience. Attachment theory has shown that the impact of an insecure attachment is lifelong and presents many challenges in future relationships. The challenges we are experiencing aren’t going away anytime soon so we need to be extra mindful of how we handle the emotions we project onto our children while dealing with a storm on the inside. Freemantle explains the following ways we can do this: In moments of extreme stress, walk away, take a deep breath, and remind yourself they are only children and often their behaviour is age appropriate. Return and set boundaries in a calm manner. Practice gratitude. It removes some of the water from your cup so that there is more room for other new stressors. Gratitude has been scientifically proven to improve your frame of mind. Take time for self-care. It is not selfish to choose a small part of your day to exercise, practice a hobby or just be quiet. You will be able to give your children and your partner a better version of yourself. Many of our current stressors are predictable, for e.g. loadshedding and traffic. Do what you can to make them less difficult to endure. Play soothing sounds in the car and use it as a time to be mindful. Plan easy-cook, budget-friendly meals for the evenings. “We are all doing the best we can, but we must be mindful of the impact these continuous, stressful times are having on our kids and our relationship with them. Be kind to yourself and know that you won’t always get it right, and when you don’t take a moment to repair it, apologise for your outburst, shower them with love and move forward together.” For more information visit Natasha Freemantle’s website
March 2, 2023
Ten tricky terms – Know your medical aid speak
Medical aid terms can be as difficult to decipher as your doctor’s handwriting. That’s why knowing medical aid speak is essential if you are going to understand your medical cover says Gerhard Van Emmenis, Principal Officer of Bonitas Medical Fund. 1. Medical schemes Medical schemes are not-for-profit and owned by the members of the scheme. In turn the scheme appoints a Board of Trustees to manage the affairs of the scheme to ensure that they are in the member’s best interests. This may also be known as medical aids or funds. 2. Medical scheme administrators Medical scheme administrators are separate entities to the actual medical scheme and operate on a for-profit basis. The medical scheme may go out to tender for an administrator but an existing contract with the administrator may also exist for a certain number of years. The administrator is responsible for managed the administration of the scheme such as processing claims. 3. Medical scheme plans There are usually a number of plans from which to choose. In general, more comprehensive plans are usually more expensive. The cover you need will vary according to your age, family size, dependents and income. It is important to look at your benefits holistically to ensure they offer you real value for money. Plans that offer more benefits in addition to your savings or benefits from risk generally offer more value. 4. Waiting periods when joining a medical aid scheme If you have not been on a medical aid scheme or a hospital plan, there may be a waiting period, which means you will continue to pay premiums but are not covered for a period that is outlined by the scheme. The Medical Schemes Act outlines that medical aid schemes are entitled to impose waiting periods: These vary from a 3-month general waiting period or a condition-specific of up to 12 months. 5. What is a late-joiner penalty? In South Africa, schemes can impose late-joiner penalties on individuals who join after the age of 35, who have never been medical aid members, or those who have not belonged to a medical aid for a specified period of time since April 2001. The reasoning for this is to ensure fairness (whereby members who have been part of a scheme for years are not subsidising newer members who have not contributed to the scheme). 6. Generics These are ‘cost effective copycats’ of the original drug. The pharmaceutical company that develops the original drug spends millions on research and development and so take out a patent to protect themselves for a period of time. After the patent has expired other drug companies can make the generic equivalent without the initial clinical research costs. They have exactly the same dosage, intended use, effects, side effects, route of administration, risks, safety and strength as the original drug. 7. Gap cover At times there may be a shortfall between what the medical scheme pays and what the hospital or specialist charges. As a member you are responsible for paying the difference. Even if you are on a top range medical aid plan, it doesn’t mean there will not be ‘gaps’ between the tariffs your scheme is prepared to pay and the amount your specialist charges. There is an insurance policy called Gap Cover which you can take out to pay for this shortfall. 8. Prescribed Minimum Benefits (PMBs) PMBs are a mandatory set of defined benefits that medical schemes must provide cover for all medical scheme members. These ensure members have access to a certain minimum level of health services, regardless of the benefit option chosen. It currently covers medical emergencies, 25 chronic and 270 medical conditions. PMBs are being reviewed by the Council of Medical Schemes (CMS) with a view to aligning them with the proposed National Health Insurance. 9. Designated Service Providers (DSP) A DSP is a healthcare provider (doctor, pharmacist, hospital etc) that is the medical schemes’ choice for members to use. If you don’t use the DSP you may have to pay a portion of the bill as a co-payment. You can avoid co-payments and get more value for money by using preferred suppliers and DSPs. 10. Tariffs and rates of payment Each Medical Schemes has a Rate of Payment ie the amount the medical scheme will pay for that service. Providers charge different rates known as the Scheme Tariff. Members often misunderstand that 100% of the Scheme tariff/rate doesn’t necessarily mean 100% of the account or what you will be charged. However, as a patient you can negotiate the best possible rate with your healthcare provider. ‘Too often members do not understand what their medical aid option offers and are not familiar with the terminology,’ says Van Emmenis. ‘The best advice I can offer is to be informed. Take the time to read all the information supplied, including the fine print, and compare plans. If you are unsure phone the scheme and ask questions, or check with your broker. Your health and that of your family is important so it is vital that you are comfortable with the choice you make and are confident your healthcare needs will be taken care of.’
March 1, 2023
KIDS AND GROWING PAINS
Are your child’s aching legs keeping them awake at night? According to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, they may be experiencing growing pains. Growing pains are cramping and achy muscle pains in both legs that some preschoolers and preteens experience. The pain is most common in the late afternoons or evenings. Growing pains usually begin in early childhood, around the age of 3 or 4. They typically strike again in children aged 8 to 12 and subside by the time your child reaches the age of adolescence. What Do Growing Pains Feel Like? Growing pains are experienced differently by each child. The level of pain can range from mild to severe. Some children experience growing pains for a few minutes, while others experience them for several hours. Growing pains can be episodic, with pain-free intervals ranging from days to months. In some children, the pain is constant. Growing Pains and Their Causes Despite the name, there is no conclusive evidence that growing pains are associated with growth spurts. Growing pains may instead be muscle aches caused by intense childhood activities that can wear out your child’s muscles. Running, jumping, and climbing are examples of these activities. Growing pains appear to be more common after a child has had a particularly demanding sports day. Growing Pains Symptoms Growing pains are typically felt in both legs, particularly in the front of the thighs, back of the legs (calves), or behind the knees. According to research, children who experience growing pains are more likely to experience headaches and abdominal pain. “Growing pains should seldom be felt in the joint,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “If your child complains of joint pain, or the joint is red, swollen, or warm to the touch, it could be due to juvenile idiopathic arthritis and not growing pains.” How Are Growing Pains Identified? There are no tests available to identify growing pains. Your child’s healthcare provider may perform a physical examination and ask you questions about your child’s symptoms. They will inquire about the location of your child’s pain, when it began, and what your child was doing on the day the pain started. Treatment The good news is that growing pains do not cause other problems and have no effect on your child’s growth and development. Growing pains usually go away on their own after a year or two. Meanwhile, self-care measures can help alleviate your child’s discomfort. Certain home remedies may provide relief: Rub your child’s legs: Children frequently respond positively to a gentle massage. Others benefit from being held or cuddled. Make use of a heating pad: Heat can help relieve muscle pain. Use a low-temperature heating pad before bedtime or whenever your child complains of leg pain. Once your child has fallen asleep, remove the heating pad. A warm bath before bedtime may also be beneficial. Consider giving your child a pain reliever: Give your child ibuprofen or acetaminophen. Remember never to give children aspirin, which has been linked with Reye’s syndrome. Encourage your child to stretch before exercising: Ensuring that your child stretches the muscles in their legs during the day may help prevent nighttime pain. Consult your doctor about stretches that may be beneficial to your child.
February 21, 2023
Grilled Mushroom, Chicken & Papaya Salad
Serves 4 Ingredients: 400g portabello mushrooms, sliced thickly 2 small chicken breasts, cooked & shredded 1 small cucumber, thinly sliced ½ cup fresh coriander leaves ½ cup fresh mint leaves 1 small papaya, peeled, deseeded and sliced 4 Tbsp roasted peanuts, salted, chopped 1 small red chilli, sliced Dressing: 1-2 red chillies (depending on how hot you like it), finely chopped 1 small garlic clove, finely grated 1 tsp fresh ginger, finely grated 1 Tbsp fish sauce 1 tsp soy sauce 2 Tbsp rice wine vinegar 1 tsp brown sugar or palm sugar Zest and juice of 2 limes 2 Tbsp olive oil Olive oil, for cooking Salt and pepper, to taste Method: For the dressing: In a small bowl combine all the dressing ingredients. Whisk to mix well. Taste to adjust seasoning and set aside. Heat a large griddle pan on high heat. Toss the mushrooms with a drizzle of olive oil and then place on the griddle pan. Press them down with a metal spatula to get nice grill marks. Cook until just tender and retain some bite. In a large serving bowl combine the chicken, cucumber, coriander, mint and papaya. Add the grilled mushrooms. Drizzle everything with a little dressing and toss gently to combine. Scatter with the roasted peanuts and sliced chilli. Serve with extra dressing on the side and enjoy!
February 20, 2023
TOP 11 CHRONIC DISEASES IN SOUTH AFRICA
Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, investigates the top 11 chronic diseases in South Africa. Did you know chronic diseases – otherwise known as noncommunicable diseases, are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, accounting for nearly 60% of all deaths and 43% of the global disease burden? According to the World Health Organization, chronic disease is expected to account for 73% of all deaths by 2020. “Chronic diseases are long-term illnesses caused by a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioural factors,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “Although chronic diseases are frequently associated with older age groups, evidence suggests that thousands of South Africans are dying of chronic diseases before the age of 70.” Affinity Health discusses the top 10 chronic diseases South African should be mindful of. STROKE AND HEART DISEASE The sheer number of heart disease or stroke fatalities is a growing concern in SA. According to the Heart & Stroke Foundation, 215 people die from heart disease or strokes daily. Every hour, five people have heart attacks, and 10 have strokes. Because there is a lack of awareness about cardiovascular disease, many people go undiagnosed and untreated until it is too late. DIABETES One in every three adults (13 million) in South Africa has impaired fasting glucose (IFG), putting them at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is the country’s second deadliest disease, according to Statistics South Africa‘s 2021 report on mortality and causes of death. It has claimed more lives than HIV, hypertension, and other forms of heart disease combined. It is a leading cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke, and amputation of lower limbs. ARTHRITIS Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis in South Africa, with a prevalence rate of 55.1% in urban areas and between 29.5% and 82.7% in adults over 65 years of age in rural areas. As many patients are unsure how to manage their symptoms, arthritis coexists with other chronic conditions. This disease is surprisingly common among children, affecting one to four out of every 1000. CANCER Cancer care is expected to cost $240 billion (R4160 billion) by 2030, according to the most recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and National Cancer Institute estimates, due to healthcare inflation over the previous decades. Despite declining cancer rates, the CDC predicts that cancer will remain one of the leading causes of death in South Africa. It is estimated that nearly 110,000 new cancer cases will be diagnosed in South Africa by 2020, with over 56,000 cancer-related deaths accounting for one-quarter of all premature noncommunicable disease-related mortality. The most effective cancer prevention measures continue to be early screenings, raising awareness about preventative techniques, and developing strategic partnerships. OBESITY Obesity statistics in South Africa are concerning, with approximately 31% of men and 68% of women obese. Obesity and being overweight can lead to various lifestyle diseases, including diabetes and heart disease. Obesity is a major issue in adults and children, with more than 13% of South African children aged 6-14 years classified as overweight or obese. Education, promoting access to healthier foods, and providing preventive care to paediatric patients can help maintain a healthy weight. ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE According to the most recent World Alzheimer’s Report, South Africa has 4.4 million people over the age of 60 living with the disease. Around 187,000 of these people have dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is not a normal part of ageing. Although most people with Alzheimer’s are 65 and older, people younger than 65 can also develop the disease. It is the most common cause of dementia that worsens over time. In most cases, the symptoms develop gradually and become severe enough to interfere with daily activities. EPILEPSY More than 500 000 people in South Africa have epilepsy. Seizures caused by epilepsy can sometimes result in death. People with epilepsy may also have poor mental health or other impairments that are difficult to detect. ASTHMA Asthma affects more than 20% of children and 10-15% of adults in South Africa. It is not uncommon for those suffering from the illness to be hospitalised during an attack, which can significantly reduce their quality of life. HYPERTENSION/HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, affects more than one in every three adults in South Africa. Because there are rarely any symptoms or visible signs that blood pressure is high, it is referred to as a “silent killer”. As a result, more than half of people with high blood pressure are unaware of their condition. Symptoms such as headaches, visual disturbances, nose bleeds, nausea, vomiting, facial flushing, and sleepiness may sometimes occur, typically with extremely high blood pressure. It would be best if you did not wait for symptoms to appear. High blood pressure becomes more common with age, but anyone, regardless of age, gender, fitness level, or lifestyle, can develop it. HIV AND AIDS In South Africa, the overall HIV prevalence rate is estimated to be around 13.7%. In 2021, the total number of people living with HIV was expected to be approximately 8.2 million. HIV infection affects an estimated 19.5% of adults aged 15 to 49 years. TUBERCULOSIS In South Africa, tuberculosis is a significant public health concern. Every year, approximately 450,000 people contract the disease, with 270,000 also infected with HIV. TB is the leading cause of death in South Africa. It kills approximately 89,000 people per year, or 10 people every hour. Effective treatments are available, and the country has made significant progress in combating the disease, but much more is required to bring it under control.
February 14, 2023
Greek Mushroom & Potato Salad
Serves 4 Ingredients: 400g baby potatoes, sliced in half 1 tsp dried oregano 250g white button mushrooms, sliced in half ½ red onion, thinly sliced 200g cherry tomatoes, sliced in half ½ large cucumber, deseeded and roughly chopped 100g feta cheese, roughly broken into chunks 100g black olives, preferably Kalamata small handful fresh oregano leaves 1 tsp dried oregano Olive oil, for cooking and dressing Juice of 1 lemon, for dressing Salt and pepper, to taste Method: Gently boil the potatoes in salted water until tender. Drain and leave to steam dry and cool. When cool, place in a bowl and season with salt and pepper. Drizzle with olive oil, lemon juice and dried oregano. Toss to coat well. Heat a large frying pan over medium high heat. Add a drizzle of olive oil. Cook the white buttons until lightly golden brown. Season well. Put the onion, tomatoes and cucumber in a bowl and season to taste. Add the mushrooms and potatoes and mix. Scatter the top of the salad with feta, olives and oregano leaves. Sprinkle over the dried oregano and drizzle everything with a little olive oil and lemon juice and serve.
February 13, 2023
Reuterina® unveils complete packaging design change – new look, same trusted formulation!
In an exciting move, Reuterina has unveiled a modernised packaging design that will be used across all of Reuterina®’s full range of products for all ages: Reuterina® drops1, Reuterina® Vit D2, Reuterina® junior3, Reuterina® daily4, Reuterina® acute5, and Reuterina® femme6. The packaging refresh features a new endorsement, the introduction of fun mascot characters, and a probiotic species rename. The endorsement, ‘POWERED BY BIOGAIA,’ serves to acknowledge BioGaia as the company responsible for the research and development of the Reuterina® formulations7, accompanied by a graphic representing the healthy growth and proliferation of intestinal flora. Child and baby products now carry friendly yellow mascot characters that bring to life the ‘good bacteria’ that a healthy young gut needs7. In addition to the package redesign, Lactobacillus reuteri, the probiotic species of Reuterina®, was renamed Limosilactobacillus reuteri. The name change was undertaken by a global group of scientists who have collaborated to divide this genus into groups of closely related species – which share certain physiological and metabolic properties – under new genus names.8 The Reuterina® product line’s efficacy and safety remain unchanged. Over 200 clinical trials have been conducted to validate Reuterina®.9 Reuterina® Range Of Products Reuterina® offers a wide range of products for people of all ages. Reuterina® drops Reuterina® drops1 are a convenient liquid drop designed specifically for infants under the age of two years. Reuterina® drops have been clinically validated in babies and children and have been shown to benefit a variety of health conditions, including: Colic10 Constipation11 Regurgitation12 Acute gastroenteritis12 Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea13 Reuterina® Vit D These drops are specifically formulated with 400IU Vitamin D3, which acts to enhance the absorption of calcium and phosphate in the body. These drops can be used daily to assist with immune modulation2. Reuterina® junior Reuterina junior® strawberry flavoured chew tablets are appropriate for children over the age of two who can chew a tablet3. These strawberry tablets are indicated for3: Reduction in diarrhoea Reduction in childhood constipation Reduction in frequency and pain in children suffering from Functional Abdominal Pain (FAP) Immune modulation Reuterina® daily Probiotics are used to help treat and prevent conditions caused by an imbalance in the gut flora.4 Reuterina® daily can be used to help treat and prevent diarrhoea and constipation by restoring and maintaining a healthy balance of flora in the stomach and intestines (gut).4 Reuterina® acute Reuterina® acute aids in the restoration and maintenance of a healthy balance of gut flora during and after an antibiotic course.5 Reuterina® acute has been clinically validated in trials where it was demonstrated that taking Reuterina® during the antibiotic course resulted in fewer diarrhoeal side effects.14 Reuterina® femme Reuterina® femme is indicated to maintain and restore healthy flora.6 When ingested daily, Reuterina® femme helps to maintain a healthy vaginal flora and prevent vaginal infections.6 The Reuterina® family of probiotics are available from selected Dis-Chem and Clicks stores and independent pharmacies nationwide. For more information, visit: https://reuterina.co.za/ and join the conversations on Instagram and Facebook. References and legals are available on request
February 13, 2023
BACK-TO-SCHOOL: TIPS TO BUILD YOUR CHILD’S IMMUNITY
How can you protect your child from back-to-school germs? Some healthy habits can serve as an immune booster for kids, helping them fight off pathogens more effectively and recover faster. Here are four healthy habits to help boost your child’s immune system. Encourage a healthy diet: Children should consume a variety of foods daily from the five major food groups: vegetables, fruits, starchy carbohydrates, protein, and dairy.1 Ensure they get plenty of ZZZs: A good night’s rest not only improves academic performance, memory, and behaviour but also boosts immunity.2 Keep them active: Physical activity contributes to children’s overall health, which may support their immune system functions.3 Reap the health benefits of probiotics: Taking care of your child’s stomach is the first step toward a healthy lifestyle, as the majority of the immune system is located in the gut.4Reuterina junior® 5, coupled with Reuterina® Vit D6 drops, can play an important role in how the gut functions including boosting the immune system.7 The Reuterina® family of probiotics are available from Dis-Chem and Clicks stores and independent pharmacies nationwide. For more information, visit: https://reuterina.co.za/ and join the conversations on Instagram and Facebook. References: Mayo Clinic. Nutrition for kids: Guidelines for a healthy diet. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-depth/nutrition-for-kids/art-20049335. Last accessed November 2022. Sleep Foundation. How Sleep Affects Immunity. Available from: https://www.sleepfoundation.org/physical-health/how-sleep-affects-immunity. Last accessed November 2022. da Silveira MP, da Silva Fagundes KK, Bizuti MR, Starck É, Rossi RC, de Resende E Silva DT. Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature. Clin Exp Med. 2021 Feb;21(1):15-28. doi: 10.1007/s10238-020-00650-3. Epub 2020 Jul 29. PMID: 32728975; PMCID: PMC7387807. Available from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7387807/. Last accessed November 2022. Vighi G, Marcucci F, Sensi L, Di Cara G, Frati F. Allergy and the gastrointestinal system. Clin Exp Immunol. 2008 Sep;153 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):3-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03713.x. PMID: 18721321; PMCID: PMC2515351. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2515351/. Last accessed November 2022. Reuterina® Junior Approved Package Insert, July 2010. Reuterina® Vit D (drops) Approved Package Insert, August 2013. Indrio F, et al. The effects of probiotics on feeding tolerance, bowel habits, and gastrointestinal motility in preterm newborns. J Pediatr 2008;152:801-806. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18492520/. Last accessed November 2022. Ascendis Pharma (Pty) Ltd. Co Reg No. 2002/001567/07 | Customer Care: +27 11 036 9600 | 004 ZA Reut 012023
February 8, 2023
Advocates call for policy changes to prevent SA childhood obesity
Approximately 13% of South Africa’s children under five years are overweight – more than double the global average.1 Being overweight and developing obesity in early childhood increases the risk for adult obesity, as well as associated conditions like high cholesterol, diabetes and high blood pressure. All of these conditions are increasingly prevalent in South Africa.1 Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition that affects children and teens.2 It’s particularly troubling because the extra kilos often start children on the path to lifelong health problems.2 Childhood obesity can also lead to poor self-esteem and depression.2 The main cause of overweight and obesity among children is the consumption of high-calorie diets — those that are rich in salt, sugar and fats.1 This is also influenced by other factors such as household poverty coupled with the high cost of healthy foods.1 South African children’s fast-food consumption rates are high.3 In a 17-country study completed in 2014, researchers found that fast-food consumption among South African children and adolescents was more frequent than in high-income countries such as Japan and Belgium.3 “Highly processed and unhealthy foods have become increasingly accessible and affordable over the last three decades, leading to a global increase in weight issues and obesity, especially in the poorest and most vulnerable communities and households,” says Nzama Mbalati, Programmes Manager at the Healthy Living Alliance (HEALA). One of the major factors associated with obesity is sugar consumption. South Africans are estimated to consume up to 24 teaspoons of sugar per day – double the daily WHO recommendation.4 South Africa passed a Health Promotion Levy (HPL) on sugary beverages in 2018.5 Commonly known as “the sugar tax”, it has led to considerable reductions in the purchase and consumption of taxable drinks, proving that legislation can support consumers to reduce intake of unhealthy foods and beverages.5 “Currently, at least 85 countries have sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) taxation,” says Mbalati. “Data from countries like the UK and Mexico indicates that SSB taxes successfully reduce sugar consumption. In South Africa, people are buying 28% fewer sugary drinks since the government implemented the HPL in 2018. In addition, the levy has slashed the South African beverage sector’s use of sugar by a third. The combination of the two has cut sugar intake in the country by nearly a third. It is now time for the sugar tax on drinks – currently at 10% of the cost per litre – to be doubled and this needs to happen soon.” Mbalati stresses that this is critical to address the country’s raging diabetes epidemic and the high rates of obesity that fuel it. “South Africans are addicted to sugar. With more than a quarter of the population living with obesity, we are among the top 20% of the most obese nations in the world. More than 4,5 million people are diabetic, with diabetes being the second-largest cause of death after tuberculosis,” says Mbalati. Mbalati adds that sugary drinks should be drastically reduced in children’s diets. “Even 100% fruit juice with no added sugar contains a lot of sugar with none of the fibre you would find in a piece of fruit to help fill you up. Encourage kids to drink mostly water and plain milk. Get them to eat whole fruit, like an apple, instead of drinking apple juice,” says Mbalati. Visit https://whatsinourfood.org.za/lsml/ for more information. Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/betterlabels_za/?igshid=Y2ZmNzg0YzQ%3D Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/betterlabelsza References: Statistics on children in South Africa: Overnutrition in children, Sambu, W. Children’s Institute. University of Cape Town. [Nov 2019]. Available from: http://childrencount.uct.ac.za/indicator.php?domain=4&indicator=96 Childhood obesity. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). [Dec 2022]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/childhood-obesity/symptoms-causes/syc-20354827 South African Child Gauge 2020: Food and nutrition security. May, J.; Witten, C.; Lake L. Children’s Institute. University of Cape Town. [2020]. Available from:http://www.ci.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/367/Child_Gauge/South_African_Child_Gauge_2020/ChildGauge_2020_screen_final.pdf McCreedy, N.; Shung-King, M.; Weimann, A.; Tatah, L.; Mapa-Tassou, C.; Muzenda, T.; Govia, I.; Were, V.; Oni, T. Reducing Sugar Intake in South Africa: Learnings from A Multilevel Policy Analysis on Diet and Noncommunicable Disease Prevention. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 11828. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811828 Stacey, N; Edoka, I; Hofman, K; Swart, EC; Popkin, B; Shu Wen, N. Changes in beverage purchases following the announcement and implementation of South Africa’s Health Promotion Levy: an observational study. The Lancet. 5, 4, E200-E208. [Apr 2021]. Available from:https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2542-5196%2820%2930304-1
February 8, 2023
BEGINNERS GUIDE TO EATING HEALTHY
Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, cuts through the clutter to explain what healthy eating entails and how you can make it work. The term “healthy eating” can mean different things to different people. Everyone appears to have an opinion on the healthiest way to eat. Adding to the confusion, nutrition articles you read online can be downright perplexing with contradictory and frequently unfounded suggestions and rules. This makes it challenging to eat in a healthy way that works for you. “The truth is that eating healthy does not have to be difficult. It is possible to nourish your body while also enjoying your favourite foods,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “After all, food should be enjoyed rather than feared, counted, weighed, and tracked.” Why Is Eating Healthy Important? Before we understand what healthy eating entails, it’s critical to know why it matters. First and foremost, food fuels you and provides your body with the calories and nutrients required to function. Your health may suffer if your diet lacks calories or one or more nutrients. Similarly, if you consume too many calories, you may gain weight. Obese people are at a much higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, and heart, liver, and kidney disease. Furthermore, the quality of your diet influences disease risk, longevity, and mental health. While ultra-processed foods are associated with increased mortality and a higher risk of conditions such as cancer and heart disease, diets rich in whole, nutrient-dense foods are associated with increased longevity and disease protection. Are Specific Diets Necessary? Certainly not! Although some people need – or choose – to avoid certain foods or follow diets for health reasons, most people do not need to follow any specific diet to feel their best. That’s not to say that certain eating habits can’t be beneficial. Some people think the healthiest when they follow a low-carb diet, while others thrive on high-carb diets. Eating healthy generally has nothing to do with following diets or specific dietary rules. “Healthy eating” means putting your health first by feeding your body nutritious foods. The specifics will differ depending on your location, financial situation, culture and society, and personal taste preferences. How to Make Eating Healthy Work for You Food may be one of the many puzzle pieces that comprise your daily life but making nutrition a priority is the first step toward eating a healthier diet. This doesn’t mean you have to spend hours grocery shopping or meal prepping, but it does require a little thought and effort, especially if you live a busy lifestyle. Stock up on the following items when you go grocery shopping: Fresh fruits and vegetables Protein sources such as chicken, eggs, fish, and tofu, as well as bulk carb sources such as canned beans and whole grains Healthy fat sources such as avocados and olive oil Starchy vegetables, including white potatoes, sweet potatoes, and butternut squash Nuts, seeds, nut butter, hummus, and olives Real-world Suggestions For Healthy Eating Affinity Health provides some practical tips to help you get started with healthy eating. Make plant-based foods a priority: Plant foods such as vegetables, fruits, beans, and nuts should comprise most of your diet. Try including these foods, particularly vegetables and fruits, at every meal and snack. Ditch takeouts: Cooking at home allows you to diversify your diet. If you’re used to ordering takeout or eating out, start by cooking just one or two meals per week. Regular grocery shopping: If you keep healthy foods in your kitchen, you’re more likely to prepare healthy meals and snacks. Make one or two grocery runs per week to keep nutritious ingredients on hand. Recognise your diet will only sometimes be perfect: Progress, not perfection, is essential. Meet yourself exactly where you are. Cooking one homemade, veggie-packed meal once a week is significant progress if you eat out every night. Avoid sugar-sweetened beverages: Limit your intake of sugary beverages such as soda, energy drinks, and sweetened coffees as much as possible. Regularly consuming sugary beverages may be harmful to your health. Choose foods that are filling: When you’re hungry, your goal should be to eat nutritious foods rather than consume the fewest calories possible. Choose protein- and fibre-rich meals and snacks that will keep you full. Consume whole foods: A healthy diet should include whole foods like vegetables, fruits, beans, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and protein sources like eggs and fish. Drink water: Water is the best way to stay hydrated, an essential part of healthy eating. If you’re not used to drinking water, get a reusable water bottle and flavour it with fruit slices or lemon juice. “These suggestions can assist you in making the transition to a healthier diet,” adds Hewlett. “You can also consult with a registered dietitian if unsure how to improve your diet. A dietitian can assist you in developing a long-term, nutritious eating plan that fits your needs and schedule.”
February 7, 2023
Portabello Onigirazu
Serves 4 / makes 4 sushi sandwiches Ingredients: For the rice: 400g sushi rice 500ml water 2 tsp salt 2 Tbsp sugar 160ml rice vinegar For the filling: 1 Tbsp sesame oil 4 large portabello mushrooms, thickly sliced 1 Tbsp soy sauce 8 sheets nori 1 large avocado, quartered and sliced 1 large carrot, peeled and sliced into fine matchsticks ½ small cucumber, sliced 1 handful baby spinach leaves 4 Tbsp pickled ginger Black sesame seeds, for serving Soy sauce, for dipping Method: For the rice: Rinse the sushi rice in a sieve, extremely well, until the water runs clear. Pour the rinsed rice into a pot with the 500ml water. Place a lid on the pot. Allow to sit for 30 minutes. Place rice onto the heat and bring to a boil. Once rice reaches a boil turn the heat down to the lowest setting. Cook for 10 minutes. Switch the heat off and leave the rice, lid on, for a further 15 minutes. In a small saucepan, combine the salt, sugar and rice vinegar over low heat. Once dissolved, pour evenly over the rice and fold very gently with a wooden spoon or silicone spatula. Spread rice out onto a clean tray and allow to cool. For the filling: Heat a large frying pan on high heat.
February 6, 2023
