Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health coverage, explores factors shaping children’s and teens’ mental well-being and tips to champion their mental health.

Factors Influencing The Mental Well-being of Children

While we know early life experiences, including prenatal factors, infancy, and childhood, significantly influence a child’s mental health, many other things can contribute to healthy emotional development.

A few factors include:

Genetic Factors

A child’s mental health can be influenced by their genetics and how their brain works. Each child has their genetic makeup, which can make them more or less likely to face mental health issues.

While there are no genetic tests to confirm a diagnosis of a mental disorder, the chance of a child having a specific mental disorder is higher if other family members have that same mental disorder. When we understand more about a child’s genetics, we can provide better care and support.

Family Environment

The family environment is a critical factor in a child’s mental health. Stable and supportive family relationships provide a secure foundation. At the same time, conflict, neglect, or abuse can lead to serious mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, substance use disorders, eating disorders, dissociative identity disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Peer Relationships

Peer relationships and social interactions are essential for children’s development. Positive friendships and social connections contribute to a child’s emotional resilience. In contrast, bullying or social isolation can lead to depression or anxiety.

Media and Technology Use

The influence of media and technology on children is a growing concern. Excessive screen time, exposure to inappropriate content and cyberbullying can lead to depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, self-harming behaviour (especially for girls), alcohol and drug use and dependence, aggression, and involvement in violence or crime (especially for boys). Parents and caregivers should monitor and guide their children’s media consumption.

Community and Socioeconomic Factors

Community and socioeconomic factors, such as access to healthcare, economic stability, and neighbourhood safety, can impact a child’s mental health. Ensuring that children have access to essential resources and support systems is crucial.

Traumatic Experiences

Traumatic events like natural disasters, accidents, or violence can impact a child’s mental health. Identifying and addressing trauma through counselling and support services is essential for healing and recovery.

Access to Mental Health Services

Access to mental health services is critical in addressing child mental health challenges. Many children and adolescents require professional help to manage their emotional well-being effectively. Increasing access to mental health care is essential.

10 Ways to Support Your Child’s Mental Well-being

1. Encourage children and teens to express their thoughts and emotions openly. Create a safe space where they feel heard and validated.
2. Foster healthy relationships within your family. Teach conflict resolution, empathy, and practical communication skills.
3. Promote a balanced approach to education that values overall well-being. Encourage extracurricular activities, hobbies, and interests beyond academics.
4. Educate young individuals about responsible digital usage, including limiting screen time, avoiding cyberbullying, and maintaining a healthy online presence.
5. Prioritise physical health through regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate sleep. These habits are fundamental for both physical and mental well-being.
6. Seek professional help when necessary. Mental health professionals can provide therapy and counselling tailored to the individual’s needs.
7. Teach resilience-building skills, including problem-solving, stress management, and coping strategies. These skills empower children to navigate challenges effectively.
8. Raise awareness about mental health issues and reduce stigma. Educate children and teens about the importance of seeking help when needed.
9. Introduce mindfulness practices and relaxation techniques to reduce stress and anxiety. These skills promote emotional regulation.
10. Engage with schools, communities, and organisations that promote mental health awareness and provide resources for support.