Parenting - Parenting Hub

Advice from the experts

Down’s Syndrome

What Is Down’s syndrome A Genetic condition that causes mild to serious physical and mental problems Extra chromosome (21) Three types: Trisomy 21 (every cell has an extra copy of chromosome 21) Translocation downs syndrome (Each cell has a part of chromosome 21 attached to another chromosome) Mosaic downs syndrome (only some of the cells carry an extra chromosome) Presentation of Down’s Syndrome Common physical signs Decreased muscle tone at birth Difficulty with endurance in ALL activities Poor ability to assume and maintain positions Excess skin at the nape of the neck Flattened nose Separated joints between the bones of the skull (sutures) Single crease in the palm of the hand Makes fine motor activities more difficult Difficulty assuming and holding various pinches – fatigue easily Small ears Small mouth Upward slanting eyes Wide, short hands with short fingers White spots on the coloured part of the eye (Brushfield spots) Cognitive impact Mild to moderate cognitive delay Hearing difficulties Cardiac problems – regular check ups with a cardiologist – 50% of children present with a cardiac defect Visual difficulties – squint, cataracts, crossed eyes, visual processing difficulties, difficulties with eye movements due to low tone in the optic muscles (60 – 80%) Bull et al. (2022) Visual difficulties impact the processing and output during class activities Can impact playground engagement Impacts gross motor skills and praxis Essentials for managing Down’s syndrome: Early intervention Physiotherapy /Occupational Therapy /Psychosocial intervention Environmental adaptions and modifications IEP’s, job training and independence in Activities of daily living Areas of focus: Postural control Visual Difficulties Behaviour Classroom adaptations 1. Postural Control: Important referrals for Postural control: Physiotherapist Speech therapist Occupational Therapist 2. Visual Difficulties Presentation of visual difficulties: Refractive errors: Hyperopia (far sightedness) Myopia (near sightedness) Astigmatism (blurry vision) Visual acuity difficulties: Blurry vision, difficulty with seeing detail Kerataconus: Difficulty with close work- out of focus Better with contacts- difficult for children to use the contacts Cataracts: Essential early detection Clear image is not presented to the child in the correct way: visual learning is affected Nystagmus: involuntary side-to-side, up and down, or circular movement of the eyes May disappear by itself Cortical visual impairment Colour preference (red and yellow, borders) – can use colour as an anchor and to assist with recognising detail in an image Need for movement to focus Visual latency Visual field preferences Difficulties with visual complexity Need for light Difficulty with visual focus in the distance Atypical visual reflexes Difficulties with visual novelty – look for familiarity Absence of visually guided reach – affects praxis (automatic reach) Important referrals for Visual Difficulties Functional/behavioural visual specialist Ophthalmologist Occupational Therapist 3. Behaviour Very Common 2 in 3 children with Down’s syndrome have difficulty with managing their own behaviour Reasons: Difficulty controlling impulses Trouble communicating needs Difficulty with judging social environments and settings – Sometimes play too rough Trying to figure out play equipment so tend to grab or occupy certain play items Difficulty sharing POOR work endurance Defiance Important Referrals: Psychologist Speech Therapist Occupational Therapist 4. Classroom Adaptations: Difficulty with executive function skills Money Management Time management Task evaluation Working memory Impulse control Toileting difficulties – either from awareness, emotional response or physical difficulty with the task Delay in milestones Difficulty retaining information: REPETITION NB Written by: Nicky Forssman

December 19, 2023

Preventing the unthinkable

Sunshine, watermelon and flip flops… summer holidays are around the corner! If you’re a parent you’re probably planning activities to keep your little ones occupied, or maybe pulling together your holiday travel plans. Whilst you are ticking off your packing list and racing to get your shopping done, be sure to take a moment and consider how you will keep your children safe around water this summer holiday. Drowning happens quickly and silently and can devastate a family in a matter of minutes. More than 700 children under the age of 15 years old die from drowning every year in South Africa, but even non-fatal incidents in which a child is rescued can leave a family dealing with long term social and health consequences. Recent evidence from Australia suggests that an infant’s risk of drowning triples as they reach one year of age. In South Africa, we know that children under 5 years old have the highest drowning rates compared to other age groups, but rates remain high in older children as well. Young children tend to drown in water in and around the home, while older children drown in larger, open bodies of water. Whilst these numbers are sobering, it is important to remember that most drowning incidents are preventable. Here are some tips for keeping your children safe around water this summer. 1- Layers of barriers Many drowning incidents in very young children are unwitnessed, meaning that no-one is around at the time that the child enters the water. Young children often fall into water unintentionally while playing nearby or fetching toys that they may have been playing with earlier. One of the most effective ways to prevent drowning in young children is to ensure that there are barriers preventing them gaining access to water around the home. This means ensuring that pools are fenced off or have a safety cover that meets local safety standards, even better if you have both. Having a cover or fence alone is not enough – it must be used correctly! This means replacing the cover completely when a pool is not in use or ensuring that a gate is closed and not easily opened by children. It’s important to remember that hot tubs, paddling pools, blow-up pools, and portable above ground pools all present a drowning risk and should be protected appropriately or emptied when not in use. Pools aren’t the only area of risk around your home either – small ponds, reservoirs or storage tanks should also be protected by a barrier preventing access. 2 – Designated supervision So many drowning stories start with “I thought he/she was watching”. Counter intuitively, drowning incidents can happen easily in a crowd because they are silent and not signaled by splashing as many people think. Consider the large family braai where everyone is chatting around the pool and kids are splashing and laughing. Everyone is there but no-one is watching. Designating an adult to supervise children enjoying any water is essential. A supervisor should be an adult, not an older sibling, who is sober, not distracted by their phone or a book and within arm’s reach should something go wrong. As a parent it’s so easy to fall into the trap of thinking that nothing bad ever happens, so I’ll just step away to take that phone call or take the pot of the stove. Supervision is about someone being able to respond appropriately in the tiny percentage of times that things go wrong, not the majority of times where it’s just another day of summer fun. Forget about the “dad bod” or “mummy tummy” – get your cozi on and enjoy the water with your kids. 3- Learn CPR and know your emergency number Knowing what to do in an emergency can make the difference between a tragedy and a close call. CPR is simple to learn and, if performed early, can save a life and reduce the chances of long-term neurological damage in a drowning incident. Calling 112 from any cell phone in South Africa will reach a call centre who will route you to the closest emergency service. 4 – Swim between the flags When heading to the beach, make sure to swim only where and when lifeguards are on duty. Lifeguards do not replace adult supervision of children, but swimming between the red and yellow beach flags ensures that you are in the safest location on any given beach. 5- Be mindful of unfamiliar homes and holiday locations Even the most diligent, water smart parents can get caught out while travelling. It’s important to consider water safety when visiting family who might have older children or no children, or while staying in hotels and guesthouses that are unfamiliar and exciting to explore. When you’ve arrived at your holiday location, take a slow walk around the property, and consider it from the perspective of your children – where is the water? Where are the access points? How can you prevent access? If you’re visiting an unfamiliar beach, dam or river, speak to locals or lifeguards to find out where the safe swimming spots are. 6- Watch out for lilos and pool floats That flamingo pool float is super fun but be very cautious using it on any large open bodies of water or rivers. Floaties get caught by the wind and currents very easily and can quickly take a child (or adult!) out of their depth. 7- Teach your children survival swimming skills Summer holiday preparation happens year-round and enrolling your children in a survival swimming or learn-to-swim programme can help them learn the essential skills of safe entry and exit and what to do when they fall in. Speak to them about water safety from a young age to ensure that safety becomes engrained in their behaviour. 8 -Teach your children to become Watersmart Lifesaving SA has launched a free online e-learning WaterSmart hub, making water safety content accessible to all South Africans. The hub includes animated videos

December 19, 2023

Thriving Through End-of-Year Stress: A Comprehensive Guide for Moms

The final months of the year can be a whirlwind of activity for moms, filled with various responsibilities and emotional strains. The demands of managing holiday preparations, family commitments, work obligations, increased spending, and personal tasks can often lead to heightened stress levels. However, employing effective strategies and prioritising self-care can help moms navigate this bustling time while safeguarding their well-being. This comprehensive guide aims to offer practical insights and actionable steps for moms not only to survive but thrive through the challenges of the end-of-year period. 1. Strategic Planning for Success Detailed Planning and Organization: Create a comprehensive plan or schedule encompassing all essential events, tasks, and commitments. Breaking down larger responsibilities into smaller, manageable steps can prevent feeling overwhelmed. Prioritisation Techniques: Assess tasks and prioritise based on urgency and importance. Understanding limitations and setting realistic expectations is crucial. Embrace the idea that not everything can be accomplished perfectly, and it’s okay to decline some commitments. Flexibility in Planning: While planning is vital, being open to adjustments is equally important. Circumstances may change, and being adaptable to unexpected situations helps reduce stress caused by rigid schedules. 2. Effective Time Management Delegation and Collaboration: Distribute tasks among family members or involve friends in holiday preparations and daily chores. Collaborating not only lightens the load but also promotes shared responsibilities and unity within the family. Establishing Boundaries: Set clear boundaries to safeguard personal time and energy. Learning to say no to activities or requests that could lead to overwhelming stress is essential. Effective communication with family members about your need for personal space and downtime is crucial. 3. Prioritising Self-Care Carve Out “Me” Time:** Prioritise self-care activities, even if it’s just a few minutes each day. Engage in activities that relax and rejuvenate you, such as reading, walking, mindfulness exercises, or pursuing hobbies. Relaxation Techniques: Incorporate relaxation techniques like deep breathing exercises, meditation, or guided imagery into your daily routine to alleviate stress and promote relaxation. 4. Maintaining Healthy Habits Adequate Nutrition: Ensure a well-balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Consider meal prepping or exploring quick, nutritious recipes to save time. Taking Immune-Boosting Supplements: Consider taking Bio Strath or another immune-boosting supplement. Vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, and probiotics are among the supplements that can support immune health. Regular Exercise: Incorporate regular physical activity into your routine. Exercise not only boosts physical health but also has positive effects on mental well-being. Find activities that you enjoy, whether it’s yoga, jogging, dancing, or a simple home workout routine. Adequate Rest and Sleep: Prioritise quality sleep to support overall health. Establish a bedtime routine and create a sleep-conducive environment to ensure restful nights. Stress Management Techniques: Implement stress-reduction strategies such as deep breathing exercises, meditation, or mindfulness practices to alleviate stress and promote relaxation. 5. Mindfulness and Gratitude Practice Embrace Mindfulness: Practice mindfulness exercises such as meditation, yoga, or mindfulness apps. These practices help reduce stress levels and improve focus amidst the chaos of daily life. Cultivating Gratitude: Dedicate time daily to reflect on and appreciate the positives in life. Keeping a gratitude journal or simply making mental notes of moments of thankfulness can shift focus from stressors to moments of joy. 6. Embracing Flexibility and Resilience Adapting to Change: Acknowledge that plans might change, and unforeseen events may arise. Embracing flexibility and adaptability helps navigate unexpected circumstances without succumbing to stress or anxiety. Celebrating Achievements: Recognise and celebrate even minor accomplishments. Acknowledging these small wins serves as motivating milestones during challenging times. 7. Nurturing Connections and Support Systems Maintaining Social Connections: Stay connected with friends, family, or fellow moms facing similar stresses. Sharing experiences and providing support creates a sense of camaraderie and diminishes feelings of isolation. Seeking Support: Don’t hesitate to seek help when needed, whether it’s for assistance with tasks or seeking emotional support. Utilise available resources such as local community groups or online forums to find support. The end-of-year period can indeed be demanding for moms, but implementing these strategies empowers them to thrive amidst the challenges. Prioritising self-care amidst responsibilities ensures a more fulfilling and enjoyable holiday season for the entire family. By incorporating effective planning, self-care practices, flexibility, and nurturing connections, moms can navigate the end-of-year stress with resilience and joy. Remember, taking care of yourself enables you to better care for your family, fostering a healthier and happier environment for all.

December 13, 2023

The Ins and outs of Co-Sleeping with your Kids

Co-sleeping is common in many parts of Africa, including South Africa. Co-sleeping is when parents share a bed with their young infant or child. It is considered as bonding, comforting, and protecting the child, however, co-sleeping may also have risks and challenges, affecting the parents’ sleep quality, intimacy, and independence. Co-sleeping may also vary depending on the family’s preferences, values, beliefs, and circumstances. Co-sleeping was common in Western societies until the 19th century when nuclear families and private bedrooms became popular. Co-sleeping was then associated with poverty and bad parenting and discouraged by society. Babies can find it hard to sleep without the closeness of a parent and may cry when they’re in a cot. Co-sleeping can make it easier for parents to respond to their baby, settle them more quickly and hopefully get some better-quality sleep at the same time. Older children might be motivated to sleep with their parents because of separation anxiety or when feeling sensitive or vulnerable, such as during the night. No evidence confirms co-sleeping enhances a better (or worse) emotional attachment compared to those children who sleep separately. While today’s modern paediatricians may recommend room-sharing and discourage bed-sharing, the choice remains with your family, and your cultural and societal customs. Jake in the Bed Lisa and Mark had a two-year-old son named Jake, who slept in their bed every night since he was born. They loved the warmth and comfort of co-sleeping but faced some problems. Lisa often had back pain and neck stiffness from sleeping awkwardly to accommodate Jake. Mark often snored loudly, which disturbed Jake’s sleep and made him restless. They also felt that co-sleeping affected their intimacy and relationship, as they had no space or time for each other. They decided to try to transition Jake to his bed in his room, but they faced some difficulty as Jake was now used to sleeping with his parents. He resisted and cried whenever they tried to leave him alone which left Lisa and Mark feeling frustrated and exhausted from the constant struggle. Max in the Bed Anna and Ben had a four-month-old son named Max, who slept in a crib beside their bed. They were happy with this arrangement, but they noticed that Max often woke up crying during the night and had trouble falling asleep. They also felt that they missed the closeness and connection with their baby. They decided to try co-sleeping with Max and found that co-sleeping made their nights more manageable and more enjoyable. Max could nurse more frequently and comfortably, which helped him sleep longer and better. Anna and Ben also felt more relaxed and rested, as they did not have to get up and check on Max every time, he made a noise. They also felt that co-sleeping strengthened their bond with Max, as they could cuddle, kiss, and talk to him more often. They enjoyed watching him sleep and wake up with a smile. They continued co-sleeping with Max until he was ready to move to his room. Co-sleeping is common in many cultures and families, but it has some benefits and drawbacks. Here are some of the pros and cons of co-sleeping with your kids: Weigh up the facts and set the scene to suit you before it becomes a nightly habit and ensure your best option for harmonious nights and deep, peaceful sleep for everyone. Pros for Co-Sleeping: Co-sleeping may increase your emotional bond and attachment with your baby, as you can cuddle, comfort, and communicate more easily. Co-sleeping may make night nursing more accessible and convenient for breastfeeding, as you will not have to get up and go to another room to feed your baby. Co-sleeping may help babies and toddlers fall asleep faster and sleep better, as they feel more secure and relaxed near their parents. Cons for Co-Sleeping: Co-sleeping may increase the risk of accidental suffocation, strangulation, or injury to the child, especially if the parents are obese, smoke, drink alcohol, use drugs, or sleep deeply. Co-sleeping may interfere with your sleep quality and quantity, as you may be disturbed by the child’s movements, noises, or needs. Co-sleeping may affect your intimacy and relationship with your spouse, as you may have less privacy and time. Co-sleeping may make it harder for the child to develop independence and self-soothing skills, as they may become too dependent on their parents’ presence to fall asleep or stay asleep. Co-sleeping is a personal choice that depends on many factors, such as your family’s personal preferences, values, beliefs, and circumstances. There is no right or wrong answer to whether you should co-sleep with your kids. However, if you co-sleep, you should follow the safety guidelines to reduce the potential risks. You can also consider some alternatives to co-sleeping, such as room-sharing (where the child sleeps in their crib or bed in the same room as you) or partial co-sleeping (where the child sleeps in their room but joins your bed for part of the night). Safety Tips: Place your baby on their back on the side of the bed, away from the edge and to the side of one parent. Avoid placing your baby between parents or next to other children or pets. Co-sleeping with a child over one year old is less risky than with a child under 12 months. At a toddler’s age of 1 to 2, they can roll over and free themselves if trapped in the bed. Co-sleeping during the school-aged years has been associated with problems initiating sleep, less nighttime sleep, more daytime sleepiness, more bedtime resistance, increased nighttime awakenings, and greater levels of sleep anxiety. Tips for Getting Baby to Sleep in their Cot: Make sure baby is comfortable. Check the room temperature, the lighting, and their clothing. Make the cot a safer place. Use a firm, flat, waterproof mattress and a comfortable baby sleeping bag. Try the gradual retreat. Move the cot closer to your bed and slowly away until it reaches the baby’s room. Eliminate motion. Avoid rocking or driving your baby to

December 13, 2023

The power of Pycnogenol: Enhancing sperm health naturally with Prelox

If you’re male and in a partnership that’s struggling to conceive you should know you’re not alone. In South Africa, one in 6 couples are diagnosed with infertility and, in up to 60% of these cases, the stumbling block sits before the male, often due to a lack of quality sperm. This is where Prelox by Lamelle Pharmaceuticals comes in, but first, let’s unpack what it means to be a man with healthy “swimmers”. Understanding male fertility Male fertility is not only determined by the quantity of sperm but also by their quality. Factors such as sperm count, motility, and morphology (the way the sperm is shaped) play important roles if you’re wanting to see two blue lines on that pregnancy test. Lifestyle choices, stress, and the fact that sperm quality decreases significantly after 50 can all impact these factors, leading to decreased fertility in men. Prelox – a natural yet effective solution Prelox is an international, innovative blend of all-natural ingredients, including Pycnogenol and L-arginine, that work synergistically to support male reproductive health. Pycnogenol, derived from French maritime pine bark – patented to Lamelle Pharmaceuticals – is one of the most powerful antioxidants known to man. Studies have shown it does an outstanding job of helping to protect sperm from oxidative stress, a common factor contributing to many cases of infertility. As for Pycnogenol’s co-star, L-arginine, this natural amino acid, enhances its effects by stimulating your body’s production of nitric oxide (NOS). This dramatically improves sperm health and includes the added bonus of improving the quality of your erections. A win-win if you want to make a baby! Expect improved sperm count, motility and morphology Studies have shown that taking Prelox for just 30 days could increase your number of healthy sperm by as much as 150% and boost motility by 55%. Sperm motility, the ability of sperm to move efficiently, is vital for successful conception, especially when you consider the distance they have to travel. In relation to their size, they really do have a long way to go and it’s important to move fast! The shape and structure of sperm are referred to as their morphology and this can also have a big impact on fertility. Healthy, happy sperm will have a long tail that helps them wiggle their way to the egg and an oval-shaped head that helps them implant in it. If you’re producing poorly shaped sperm, it’s going to struggle with its mission so you’ll be glad to know Prelox generates 93% more optimally-shaped sperm. Here’s to healthier sperm, naturally As more couples face challenges in conceiving, the importance of addressing male fertility cannot be overstated. If you’re wanting a boost – with no negative side effects – Prelox stands out as a natural yet potent and proven supplement offering new hope to those on the path to parenthood.

December 13, 2023

Every Mother’s Power Struggle with Junk Food & Their Toddler

Junk food is addictive, and your toddler will fall in love with their first taste of sugary treats. Managing junk foods and your toddler’s health may be your first-ascent challenge in your journey of motherhood, so it’s wise to get ahead of the pack and learn how to avoid the pitfalls and traumas of keeping those little fingers out of the sugar bowl and growing and developing without worry of tantrums, addiction, or disease. Junk food is usually gorgeous and glitzy to look at, always colourfully presented and wrapped with a silver lining or in a cluster of sugary crystalline collaboration which looks decidedly more alluring than a piece of broccoli on a plate. Even adults struggle with maintaining a healthy diet, but you can help your child ingrain good eating habits early on in life and set them up for health and longevity over a lifetime – at the same time, it may help you to get back on track after your maternity. Everyone needs to eat healthily but especially toddlers to get the nutrients their growing bodies need. Studies show that fast food served more than three times a week is associated with disorders in children such as asthma, eczema, and rhinitis. Cakes, sweets, puddings, potato chips, ice cream and other low-nutrient junk foods shouldn’t be part of their diet. Junk food puts everyone’s health at risk but especially your toddler and sets them up for: Obesity, low self-esteem, and the risk of developing depression later Constipation and poor bowel health Dental problems, cavities, and mouth disease Skin complaints and dry skin and hair Anxiety, mood swings and problems with concentrating Addiction to dopamine, the reward system in the brain, throughout their life Nutrient deficiency in iron, vitamin D, calcium, and zinc, leading to stunted growth, breathing problems, fatigue, unusual food cravings, and chronic infection. How can you better manage junk food and your child’s health? Avoid power struggles. Even if your child likes chips, sweets, and fizzy drinks, you don’t have to give in to their cravings. Your toddler can’t get to the shops to buy junk food themselves, so don’t keep it in the home. When they ask for treats, simply respond that you don’t have any and offer them a choice of two healthy snack options instead. Nature’s own sweets are fresh or dried dates, sweet melon, and grapes. Eat regular meals. When your toddler is getting adequate nutrition with regular and timely meals, there will be no room for junk food cravings and bad eating habits to creep in. If you have a busy schedule, it is important to plan and bring healthy packed snacks when you are unable to sit down at the table to eat. The Nourish Scoop™ High chair from Vital Baby is compact, comfortable and tailors to every stage of weaning. It is perfect for sit-down family meals while growing up, converting to a handy toddler chair when the time comes. Set a good example. Our children don’t do what we say, they do what we do. Let your child watch and get involved in cooking nutritious meals and packing lunches, or at least having a say in what goes into their lunch boxes. For example, let your child help squeeze fresh oranges for decanting into their juice bottle or sippy cup and let them choose their favourite trail mix style. You can encourage their nutrition further with the Vital Baby® NOURISH Starter Weaning Kit, which is the perfect combination of utensils and accessories for little ones who are taking their first weaning steps toward independent eating and drinking. This set makes for a great weaning gift for moms and dads who are about to start their toddlers on their own food journey. It includes super-soft and shallow spoons for a little mouth, bowls and pots for easy serving and storage, a super soft silicone bib with a built-in mess catcher, free flow cup to encourage sipping and is BPA, Latex, and phthalate free. Make meals learning time together. Engage with your child at mealtimes. You can get them involved in their meal by arranging foods into a smiley face or cutting patterns into fruit skins. Brighten their meals by serving five different food group colours on their plate, always as fresh as possible. Help them identify the colours with parts of their body, such as their heart, bones, teeth, and eyes. Red fruits are for healthy hearts and immunity. Orange fruits are antioxidants and convert to Vitamin A in our bodies. Green food groups relate to protein and Vitamin K for healthy skin and gut. Blue fruits such as blueberries are superfoods providing a good source of fibre and Vitamin K, and C. Encourage your child to be curious by preparing their favourite meal and adding a new vegetable or fruit to the sample. You can also serve two side dishes at the evening meal, one familiar and one as a new experience. If your toddler is ready to move from finger foods to adult cutlery, empower them further with the Vital Baby big kid cutlery set, which includes their own stainless-steel set with rounded fork tips and chunky handles for little hands to grip easily. By feeding themselves, your toddler is developing many skills, including hand-eye coordination, fine motor skills and postural control. Quick Tips to Live By #1 Never use junk food as a reward or bribe. #2 Order the healthiest options when eating out. #3 The number one contributor to junk eating is stress and boredom. Children often get fussy and demand junk food when they are idle and don’t have anything to keep them busy. #4 We often feel hungry when we are dehydrated. When your child wants junk food, ask them to drink a cup of water first. Add a slice of cucumber to the glass and ask them to count the transparent seeds in the centre to take their mind off the junk. #5 Involve your child in making ‘junk food’ at home, including

December 12, 2023

5 SIMPLE AND EFFECTIVE TIPS TO TEACH KIDS PROPER HANDWASHING

Affinity Health explores five simple and practical tips to make handwashing a habit for your children. “Handwashing may seem mundane, but it’s one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of illnesses,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “Teaching your kids proper handwashing techniques is essential for their health and the well-being of your entire family and community”. Why Proper Handwashing Is Important The practice of handwashing dates back centuries and has evolved as our understanding of hygiene and disease transmission has grown. Viruses that cause respiratory infections, like the common cold and flu, can survive on surfaces for hours. Regular handwashing reduces the likelihood of touching contaminated surfaces and transferring the virus to your eyes, nose, or mouth. Proper hand hygiene is also essential for stopping the spread of foodborne illnesses. Handwashing prevents the transfer of bacteria and pathogens from one surface or ingredient to another during food preparation. For example, if you handle raw meat and then touch vegetables without washing your hands, you can contaminate the vegetables with the bacteria from the meat. How to Encourage Your Child to Wash Their Hands Make it Fun with Singing Kids love to sing, and you can use this to make handwashing enjoyable. You should encourage your children to sing a song while they wash their hands. Teach them to scrub their hands with soap for the duration of the song, which is about 20 seconds. Use Visual Aids Visual aids are a fantastic way to help kids understand the importance of handwashing and the steps involved. You can find posters or videos on the internet that illustrate handwashing. Lead by Example Children often learn best by watching and imitating adults. Be a role model when it comes to handwashing. Demonstrate the proper handwashing technique, emphasising the importance of using soap, scrubbing all parts of the hands, and rinsing thoroughly. Make handwashing a family affair by doing it together. This will show your kids the right way to wash their hands and reinforce the idea that handwashing is a routine everyone should follow. Teach the 5-Step Handwashing Technique To ensure thorough handwashing, teach your children the five essential step Wet: Start by wetting their hands with clean, running water. Make sure the water is at a comfortable temperature, not too hot or too cold. Soap: Apply soap to their hands. Encourage them to use enough soap to create a good lather. Scrub: Instruct them to rub their hands together vigorously. Ensure they scrub all parts of their hands, including the back, between the fingers, and under the nails. This step should last at least 20 seconds, or as long as it takes to sing “Happy Birthday” twice. Rinse: Rinse their hands thoroughly under clean, running water. Help them ensure that all soap is washed away. Dry: Use a clean towel or an air dryer to dry their hands. Remind them not to use a towel that has been used by someone else, as this can transfer germs. Reinforce the Why Explaining the reasons behind handwashing can help children understand its significance. Discuss how germs and bacteria are invisible but can make them sick if they get on their hands and touch their face, eyes, nose, or mouth. Additional Tips for Effective Handwashing Education Frequent Reminders: Encourage your children to wash their hands at specific times, such as before eating, after using the toilet, after playing outside, and when they come home from school. Hand Sanitiser: While soap and water are the best options for handwashing, hand sanitiser can be used when they are unavailable. Teach your children to use hand sanitiser with at least 60% alcohol content and supervise their use. Practice Regularly: Make handwashing a routine activity. Positive Reinforcement: Praise your children when they wash their hands properly. Explain Handwashing After Coughing or Sneezing: Teach your children to cover their mouth and nose with a tissue or their elbow when coughing or sneezing. Afterwards, they should wash their hands to prevent the spread of germs.

December 6, 2023

Easy ways to stay sane and serene when flying with kids

After a busy year, the festive season is an ideal opportunity to reconnect with loved ones far away. Zoom and WhatsApp calls are no substitute for longtime friends or two or more generations of a family sharing a meal together, and air-travel is the quickest way to cross great distances. But travelling with little ones can be a source of dread and stress. Serving more than 160 destinations around the world from their Doha hub, Hamad International Airport, Qatar Airways’ crew get to go lots of places, often. They share some suggestions on how to not bookmark your holiday with anxiety over your kids. Do the paperwork in good time: Depending on your destination, the documentation you’ll need will vary widely and some of it takes a while to secure. So prepare a list of what you need: visas, birth- and vaccination-certificates, and so on. Some travellers find it reassuring to carry a file with hard copies of any documentation they might need to present. Talk about it: Depending on their age, you may be able to explain to your youngsters what to expect at the airports and in the air. There’s also a large variety of videos online that show kids what it’s like to pass through customs and to board. Sort out seats and eats: As a parent, you can request that you and your family board your flight before or after the other passengers, depending on what you feel is easier. Plan ahead and you can reserve bassinets which are installed against the bulkheads of long-haul aircraft, and book special meals if you need to. You can also push foldable pushchairs up to the door of the aircraft. Some airports, like Doha’s Hamad International Airport, have complimentary pushchairs for passengers’ use, but remember to reserve yours beforehand. Most airlines also allow you to book children’s meals ahead of time, and they’ll be fed before everyone else, which can help settle them. Manage the noise: Air travel can be noisy, and for neurodivergent people of all ages, the levels of sensory stimulation can be overpowering. Noise-cancelling headphones can help, although civil aviation regulations mean they’ll need to be removed for takeoff and landing. Lay down their arms: Many kids have a favourite toy, and many will find it upsetting if they have their Jacqui or Jack Sparrow rubber sword confiscated by airport security. Rather leave anything at home that resembles a weapon. Don’t overpack: You want to avoid running out of nappies, wipes and other essentials while airborne, but carrying too many supplies will be a burden, so pack a sensible amount in your carry-on and check the rest in to go in the hold. Pack chewy snacks: Changes in the pressurization of airline cabins during ascent and descent can be uncomfortable and upsetting for little ones. That’s generally remedied by munching age-appropriate snacks. Avoid overly-sugary ones as that may make some kids restless. Screentime is okay: There are times when you want your youngsters to spend time in the real world and way from their devices, but on a long-haul flight, inflight entertainment or games on a smartphone or tablet can be your new best friend. Any good airline will have a wealth of age-appropriate movies on offer, but Qatar Airways’ is unmatched. Ask for help: The cabin-crew is trained to make life easy for passengers of all ages, and that includes parents, children and babies.

December 5, 2023

REASONABLE EXPECTATIONS

It’s easy to say that you must have reasonable expectations of your child, but what is “reasonable”? In this day and age and particularly in South Africa, we have been conditioned to believe that there is only one path to success, and that our children need to have academic talents at all cost. But not all of us are programmed to fit into the imposed mould, nor should we be. The human brain has natural variations. Many learning difficulties (in a traditional education system) are as a result of these neurological differences. However, society is coming to realise that ADHD, Autism, Dyslexia and more, are not defects or disorders but are natural variations of the human brain. Neurodiverse individuals may have unique ways of thinking, learning and processing information. Traditionally, neurodiversity has been looked at in the framework of a medical model. This is a deficit model, assessing what is not ‘normal’ or typical, and going about trying to replace that deficit. There is now a move towards viewing neurodivergent (and all children) through a more psycho-social lens, focussing rather on the individual with their own profile of strengths and challenges. Through this lens we are better able to understand our children as individuals and feed their talents while understanding that their contribution to the world may not take the traditionally dictated form. Medical evaluations and therapeutic assessments still provide valuable information, allowing us to work as a team to approach how best to nurture the child in our care. Team collaboration is essential. It determines where to focus intervention and plans strategies to implement for adapting and accommodating educational input, giving the child an equal opportunity to learn as any other. E.g., If a child cannot read despite schooling and therapeutic input, they may be diagnosed with dyslexia. This diagnosis is essential, not to condemn a child into a world without literacy, but rather to mobilize the team involved to activate methods, other than only reading, to facilitate learning. Intervention may still involve developing literacy as far as possible, but the more impactful intervention would be introducing compensatory strategies like using technology to assist with reading or ensuring that there are accommodations for school testing. Reasonable expectations can only be achieved with observation and continuous evaluation of what strategies work for the child. E.g., If a child is autistic and battles with communication, a teacher would need to continuously assess the tasks being assigned (group work vs individual etc.) so as not to disadvantage the learner. Behaviour and progress are naturally monitored to determine the efficacy of the strategies put in place. When interventions are optimal, to ensure every opportunity is being given for learning to happen, it is possible to identify areas of strength, and potential areas of significant delay, both of which should be addressed. If accommodations are made and the learner is still unable to meet the requirements of the curriculum, then a different learning path may need to be considered. Parents play a significant role in a child’s overall development and academic achievements. Setting realistic and achievable goals fosters a positive learning environment, reduces stress and promotes healthy wellbeing, where children feel supported and are encouraged to explore their potential without fear of failure. Confidence and self-worth are directly related to experienced success which also leads to a positive cycle of motivation and achievement in life-long learning. Every child is unique, and their academic journeys may vary. Fostering curiosity, creativity and personal development are vital to encouraging a love of learning. However, an understanding of learning potential should not be limited to an academic framework. There are numerous avenues of learning that take place throughout development including physical, psychosocial, and cognitive development. Cognition is the acquisition, processing, storage and use of information and allows individuals to understand the world, solve problems, make decisions and to interact effectively with their environment. Cognitive development is not restricted to academic education. If a child is not coping in an academic setting despite accommodations and adaptations, non-academic education may be an option. Non-academic learning refers to skills not typically associated with formal academic settings. It encompasses a wide range of practical knowledge, vocational and personal skills. Academic and vocational education are distinct types of learning that differ in terms of content/curriculum, focus, training and ultimate goals, however both address the development of cognition in the learner. Whether learning takes place in an academic or non-academic format, there are helpful and potentially harmful considerations to be had. When content and method of learning are challenging but not inappropriate, developmental and not unreasonable, graded but not anxiety provoking and motivating or interest related not prompting recurring unwanted behaviours, academic expectations of your child are more likely to reasonable and attainable. To make sure your expectations are reasonable, there are a number of things a parent can do. Work with your team – it’s a process. Be consistent in your execution of agreed upon strategies. Restrain your frustration – it causes anxiety in your child. Recognise limitations – but challenge appropriately. Use your child’s passions for progress. Be open to suggestions. Celebrate the child you have, with all their gifts and challenges. You know your child better than anyone – be a part of the team. Written by: Dana Altini

December 5, 2023

Lifesaving SA and DHL launch an online water safety learning platform

Every year, hundreds of families across South Africa lose loved ones in preventable drowning accidents. For youth 17 and under, drowning represents the second highest cause of accidental death after road accidents. The highest percentage of deaths are in children aged 1-9 years. This problem is not unique to South Africa, but follows trends seen globally, where 90% of the world’s accidental drowning deaths occur in middle to lower income countries. (World Health Organization) Following on from the success of Lifesaving SA’s WaterSmart School programme, in partnership with the Department of Education and DHL, Lifesaving SA has launched a free online e-learning WaterSmart hub, making water safety content accessible to all South Africans. While water safety training does take place in South Africa, its reach is limited. This is because programmes currently depend on in-person instruction conducted by volunteers, such as those working with Lifesaving South Africa (LSA). In 2016, Lifesaving SA launched WaterSmart, a paper-based educational programme written for the Department of Education Life Skills Orientation curriculum for grades 4-6. Since its inception, each year 50 lifeguard facilitators present this programme in hundreds of underprivileged schools, thanks to the sponsorship from corporates such as DHL, who through its partnership with Lifesaving South Africa, connect people and help save lives. In 2021 the KZN Department of Education partnered with Lifesaving SA where 6700 teachers and supervisors were trained to present the programme in their classrooms. In 2022 the programme was presented to 607 770 learners in more than 6000 schools, reaching over a million learners to date. The DHL Lifesaving WaterSmart Online Hub seeks to address the problem of drowning in South Africa by teaching learners about the various dangers water poses, empowering them to better manage risks and maintain a constant awareness and vigilance whenever water is around. The hub includes animated video content and interactive quizzes and spot the risks, making it fun and easy for children to learn about water safety and prevent drowning. The characters and scenes are presented in a simple, easy to understand format, allowing a greater audience to be reached. The content draws upon materials already developed by LSA for in-person training, including the character of “Resci,” who guides learners through the content. Teachers and parents are guided with learning plans, downloadable resources such as workbooks, readers, and posters to assist with delivering the programme to their learners and after each module is completed the learner is presented with a certificate. Jed Michaletos, Managing Director of DHL Express South Africa, expressed his delight, adding, “As a business, we talk about delivering excellence in a digital world, so when we had the opportunity to work with the Lifesaving SA team to digitize their learning materials, we jumped at it. This will increase the reach of the programme dramatically through ease of access – and really help deliver the message of water safety, to all. This project is a true demonstration of our organisational purpose, of Connecting People and Improving Lives.” With summer having finally arrived after a long and wet winter, DHL and Lifesaving SA want to ensure that children are taught how to be safe around water to prevent unnecessary drownings because one life lost to drowning is one life too many. To access the hub, visit https://watersmart.dhllifesaving.com/library/home or click on the QR code to start learning. For more information about Lifesaving South Africa visit www.lifesaving.co.za and follow us on social media X – @LifesavingSA Facebook – Lifesaving South Africa Instagram – lifesavingsouthafrica

December 5, 2023

Nature’s answer to PMS – innovative solutions to women’s wellbeing

PMS, or pre-menstrual syndrome, affects millions of women worldwide, impacting their quality of life in the days leading up to menstruation. Understanding the physical and emotional toll that PMS can take, 3Sixty Biomedicine developed the Salome range, harnessing the power of nature to bring relief and harmony to women experiencing these common and often untreated symptoms. Holistic approach to treating PMS In addition to innovative products like those in the Salome range, it’s important to explore holistic approaches for managing PMS symptoms. Regular exercise has shown to be a powerful ally in alleviating pre-menstrual discomfort. Engaging in activities such as yoga, walking, or swimming not only promotes physical wellbeing but also aids in reducing stress and improving mood. Furthermore, maintaining a balanced diet rich in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables while minimising caffeine and sugary intake can contribute to hormonal balance and mitigate the severity of PMS symptoms. Small lifestyle adjustments, such as ensuring adequate sleep and managing stress through practices like meditation or deep breathing exercises, can also play a pivotal role in fostering overall well-being during the menstrual cycle. Moreover, staying hydrated is a simple yet effective strategy in the battle against PMS. Drinking plenty of water helps to flush out toxins, reduces bloating, and supports the body’s natural processes. Incorporating herbal teas known for their calming properties, such as chamomile or peppermint, can provide a soothing respite during times of heightened sensitivity. These lifestyle choices complement the efforts of dedicated products like those from 3Sixty Biomedicine’s Salome range, offering women a multi-faceted approach to managing and alleviating the often challenging symptoms associated with PMS. By embracing a holistic approach, women can empower themselves to navigate the ebbs and flows of their menstrual cycles with grace and vitality. A 360 solution “Navigating the challenges of PMS can be overwhelming for many women. The Salome range, is a testament to 3Sixty Biomedicine’s commitment to providing world-class healthcare solutions. Salome is not just a product, it’s a promise of comfort and well-being for women dealing with the discomfort of PMS,” says Nokuthula Msibi, Salome Project Lead. 3Sixty Biomedicine, a pioneering biomedical company, has a variety of natural, organic products in their Salome range that can address PMS. This comprehensive range aims to empower women with effective, natural solutions for common women’s health issues. Msibi further emphasises the commitment of 3Sixty Biomedicine to women’s health, stating, “We understand that each woman’s experience with PMS is unique. Salome is designed to address the diverse range of symptoms associated with pre-menstrual syndrome, providing tailored relief that respects and complements the intricacies of a woman’s body.” Salome PreMenS, a key product in the Salome range, is a combination herbal medicinal product crafted to relieve minor symptoms in the days before menstruation, offering a holistic approach to PMS management. This innovative solution draws on the power of natural extracts and organic ingredients, ensuring a gentle yet effective approach to symptom relief. In addition to Salome PreMenS, the Salome range includes specialised products such as Salome Menstrual Pain, offering targeted pain relief for menstrual cramps, and Salome Heavy Menstrual Bleeding, designed to ease the layers of cyclic pain associated with heavy menstrual bleeding. “Salome is not just about managing symptoms, it’s about embracing the natural rhythms of a woman’s body and providing support that complements her wellbeing. With the Salome range, we aim to empower women to face each menstrual cycle with confidence and comfort,” Msibi affirms. 3Sixty Biomedicine’s Salome range is a testament to the organisation’s dedication to scientific excellence and commitment to delivering reliable, credible healthcare solutions. The Salome range combines the latest in biomedical scientific services with the inherent power of natural extracts and organic ingredients, setting a new standard in women’s health and offering minimal to no side effects. As women across the globe seek effective, natural alternatives to manage PMS symptoms, 3Sixty Biomedicine’s Salome range emerges as a beacon of hope, offering a holistic approach to women’s health that respects the body’s natural processes. All Salome products are available at selected Clicks stores, independent pharmacies, and online at Salome’s official website, https://salome-range.co.za Stay updated and engage with Salome through their social media platforms: Facebook: Salome Range Twitter: @SalomeRange Instagram: SalomeRange

December 4, 2023

No regrets

I listened to a podcast by Andy Stanley a while back, where he interviewed a Hospice nurse. For many years, this lady looked after cancer patients at the end of their lives. She started asking them the question, “Do you have any regrets?” Without fail, their answer was that they wished that they had not worked so hard! Summer holidays are coming. I hope that you are able to make the most of the time off and spend good quality family time together during this month. Therapy! Therapy! Therapy! With so many children today needing one or other type of therapy, I cannot help but ask the question, “Why?” Why are so many children battling? What can we as teachers, parents and caregivers do differently to make it easier for them? We seem to live in a culture that points the blame at everyone else. That needs to stop! And while we might not be able to change or fix the world, we can make a huge difference in the lives of the children that we interact with daily. I have listed a few practical things below. It is by no means a comprehensive list and I would love to know if you have anything that you would like to add to the list. We will happily publish them in next month’s newsletter. Don’t forget to have fun! It may sound silly, but as adults, we are so busy, so tied up in what needs to be done, that we forget to have fun. You don’t need to go on holiday and “get away” from normal life in order to have fun. Take a bit of time each day to stop and have some fun with your kids. Teachers that may mean putting away the curriculum for a while and reading a Roald Dahl or Captain Underpants book with your class. It may mean putting the books aside and getting to know the teenagers in your class on their level. Children at school don’t always realise that their teachers are human, there is nothing wrong with showing them that you are. Parent’s, this definitely means putting away the technology, turning the tv off and interacting with your children. Go for a walk, have a picnic, build a puzzle, have a tea party. You could even play tennis together, have a pillow fight, cook or bake together, braai marshmallows together. The list of ideas is endless, but the point is simple – have fun with the children in your care, on their level! Get to know your children and love them anyway! It’s not rocket science, and yet we seem to miss it when it comes to the little people in our lives. We are all different, God made us that way, but that rule doesn’t always seem to apply to children. We expect them to fit into a mould, to excel at the things that we wish we had, and we forget to get to know who they really are. Whatever role you play in the lives of children, get to know who they are, what makes them happy or sad, what they enjoy doing and what they don’t. Listen to their stories, I mean really listen! Realise that their worries and fears are real and that they need us, as adults, to help them make sense of their world. If you don’t love them and listen to them, be warned, they will find that love and affirmation elsewhere! Let them play! It’s been said over and over, and I will say it again, children learn and grow through play. Limit the time that they spend in front of a screen and encourage real play time. Take them outside and teach them to ride a bicycle, or how to climb a tree. Let them draw hop scotch with chalk on the paving (it washes off so easily). Inside play time is also to be encouraged, let them play with dolls or cars, encourage imaginative play. And join in if you dare! Read, read, read and read some more! As a young child you have to learn to read, but from the age of about 9 years old, you read to learn. Parents read to your children, read with your children and let your children see you reading. If they are battling to read, take the time to figure out why. Research shows that 95 – 98% of all children should be able to read independently. If your child is struggling, you need to help them! Teachers, teach the children to love reading. Spend time with books, read stories to them and make it fun. So much of a child’s attitude to reading depends on the attitude of the caregiver. So, in a nutshell, make time to spend with your children each day. Listen to them, love them and play with them.

December 4, 2023

Travel Hacks for a Happy Holiday Season

No one wants to be bogged down by pain or fever during their holiday travels, and now, thanks to Panado®, you don’t have to be! Whether you’re jetting off on a family holiday, embarking on a road trip adventure, or simply making a quick visit to family and friends, Panado® has your back with a range of solutions for adults and children. Tips for Travel With Kids Comfortable Seating While car seats are a must for children, they are designed primarily for safety, not comfort. If you’re traveling long distances by car, ensure that your child’s car seat is properly installed and fitted,1a and that it is appropriate for their weight, and height.1b Ear Pressure Relief Children often experience earaches during plane journeys due to rapid cabin pressure changes.2a To help your child during air travel, teach them to relieve ear pressure by chewing gum or sucking on a lollipop.2b Manage Motion Sickness Motion sickness happens when our senses send conflicting signals to the brain.3a For example, when we’re in a moving car, our inner ear senses motion, but our eyes see a stationary interior, which can make the brain feel confused and lead to dizziness, nausea and vomiting, especially in children younger than age six.3b If your child gets motion sick, keep a bag handy in the car, for just in case. Talk to a doctor about remedies, consider child-sized acupressure wristbands, and encourage them to focus on objects outside the car.3c Tips for Adults for Travel Plan Ahead Planning ahead is the secret sauce to ensuring your travels are as pain-free as possible. Before you embark on your adventure, take some time to create a checklist of all your travel essentials. This checklist should include items like your passport, tickets, itinerary, and, of course, a basic first aid kit. Stay Hydrated Dehydration can be a silent troublemaker when it comes to discomfort while traveling. It can cause headaches, nausea and fatigue.4 To combat this, make sure to drink plenty of water while you’re on the move. Carry a reusable water bottle with you and aim to stay refreshed throughout your trip. Stretch Your Legs Whether you’re on a long-haul flight or a road trip across the country, taking regular breaks to stretch your legs and get your blood flowing can work wonders. Being in one position for an extended period can lead to stiffness and aches.5 Stand up, walk around, do some simple stretches – anything to keep your muscles engaged. The Paediatric Range We understand that traveling with babies, toddlers, and children can be an adventure all on its own. Panado®’s paracetamol-based infant drops, paediatric syrups, and on-the-go sachets provide soothing pain and fever relief for your little ones. Parents trust6 Panado® to be gentle on little tummies but tough on pain and fever in babies and kids.7&8 Panado®’s paediatric range includes peppermint flavoured syrup in convenient 5ml sachets, Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Strawberry (50 ml | 100 ml),9 Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint Alcohol and Sugar-Free (50 ml | 100 ml),10 and Panado® Infant Drops 20 ml.11 Always administer using a medicine measure or a syringe. Do not exceed the recommended dose. Dosage details can be found at https://panado.co.za/dosage-calculator/ and are calculated according to your child’s age and weight. The Adult Range Panado® is conveniently available in tablet12, capsule13 or effervescent14 form to suit individual preference. Panado® Tablets provide relief from pain and fever. For those seeking an alternative, Panado® Capsules offer a convenient option: the capsule shells are designed to be smoother and more slippery, making them easier to swallow – especially beneficial for individuals who struggle with tablet consumption. The tasteless and odourless nature of the capsules caters to those who find tablets’ taste or aftertaste bothersome.15 In cases where swallowing tablets or capsules poses a challenge, Panado®’s effervescent formulation serves as convenient solution.16 Panado® products are available from Baby City, Pick n Pay, Checkers including Hypers, Shoprite, Clicks, Dis-Chem and Independent Pharmacies. For more information, visit https://panado.co.za/ and join the conversations on Facebook. 2023092110313298 References: National Childbirth Trust. Guide to child car seats. Available from: https://www.nct.org.uk/baby-toddler/getting-out-about-your-baby/travelling-baby/guide-child-car-seats. Last accessed October 2023. KidsHealth. Flying and your child’s ears. Available from: https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/flying-ears.html. Last accessed September 2023. University Hospitals. How to prevent and treat car sickness in kids. Available from: https://www.uhhospitals.org/blog/articles/2023/01/how-to-prevent-and-treat-car-sickness-in-kids. Last accessed September 2023. Medical News Today. Headaches, nausea, and fatigue: How are they related? Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/headache-nausea-fatigue. Last accessed September 2023. Flarin. Why do my muscles feel stiff after sitting for a while? Available from: https://flarin.co.uk/why-do-my-muscles-feel-stiff-after-sitting-for-a-while/. Last accessed September 2023. Circana, MT, July 2023 MAT. Blondell RD, Azadfard M, Wisniewski AM. Pharmacologic Therapy for Acute Pain. Am Fam Physician 2013;87(11):766-772. Prescott LF. Paracetamol: past, present, and future. Am J Ther2000;7(2):143-147. Panado® Paediatric Strawberry Approved package insert March 2002. Panado® Paediatric Syrup Alcohol and Sugar-Free & Panado® Paediatric Syrup package insert. April 2010. Panado® Infant Drops (Drops) approved professional information, August 1990. Panado® Tablets approved professional information, June 2005. Panado® Capsules approved package insert, August 1984. Panado® Effervescent (Tablet) approved professional information, July 1992. Science Direct. Capsule. Available from : https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/capsule. Last accessed October Panado website. Panado tablets effervescent 16s. Available from : https://panado.co.za/product/panado-tablets-effervescent-16s/. Last accessed October.

December 1, 2023

SUGAR, DEVIL OR FRIEND?

Over the past few years many health experts voiced their opinions loudly on social media regarding the many dangers that dietary sugar pose to our health while very few articles ever consider the merits thereof. When you consider dietary sugar intake in terms of one’s own health or the health of one’s family you need to weigh all the facts carefully before you unwittingly cut important nutrients from a diet. Always keep in mind that variety is essential as we derive the many vitamins and minerals our bodies need from all the different foods we consume. It is sensible to start off by familiarising yourself with what exactly constitutes as sources of dietary sugar. Many of us would be surprised to learn that most of the main food groups we view as essential in our diets actually are sources of dietary sugar. What exactly do I mean? Let us break down sound scientific data to digestible bites of information!

November 30, 2023

How do I make my child love reading?

As a grade six English teacher at Maragon Ruimsig, I am frequently asked this question at Parents’ Evenings. The child concerned inevitably struggles with the comprehension section of my assessments and while the diagnosis is simple, the “medication” is very difficult to administer…think squirming cat here and the thankless task of attempting to force a pill down the hapless feline’s throat! An almost impossible task.

November 29, 2023

The benefits of positive reinforcement in children

Do you find yourself raising your voice a little too much when having to speak to your child? Do you sometimes feel like an enraged volcano waiting to erupt, because your child doesn’t seem to be behaving in the manner that you would like him to? Are your punitive measures not having the desired effect on your child’s behaviour you thought it may have?

November 28, 2023

The amazing benefits of hugging your baby

Have you ever had that feeling that you just cannot give your baby enough hugs? And that you just want to hold her as much as possible. Well good news, a recent study [1] has found that hugging your baby during the early part of their life can help with brain development, as well as help with other trauma newborns may experience.

November 27, 2023

PROBLEM SOLVING YOUR TODDLERS MISBEHAVIOURS

Parenting is one of the most important and challenging responsibilities we will ever encounter. Without a handbook or manual how do we know we are on the right track? How will we know that what we are teaching our children and the ways in which we are disciplining them will create- responsible and independent individuals? This all stems from the nurturance, attention, unconditional love and determination we as parents provide, in the hope of our children growing up to be the best they can be. But what if some of their behaviours are stemming from our own actions as parents?

November 24, 2023

There are safety covers, and then there are safety covers

Know what you are buying. Understand compliance. Remember this is your child’ s life on the line here so it is perfectly OK to ask your supplier the difficult questions. A solid safety cover may seem like a simple item but sub standard materials and installation methods have a direct impact on your safety cover’s efficiency and longevity. When efficiency relates to lives, it can’t be more critical. Choose a brand like PowerPlastics Pool Covers that has been covering pools for decades, not weeks. The finer details of safety compliance There has been wide industry collaboration and years of research that has gone into laying out the pool safety guidelines and, in South Africa, the function is addressed by the SABS, forming part of the national building standards, specifically SANS 10134. The cover specs you need to know / the technical questions you should be asking the pool cover supplier to ensure your compliance are: Are there any gaps or openings that allow unsupervised entry? If yes, can I fit a ball of 9cm x 14cm x 30cm through the gap? (this being the size of a child’s head or torso). Can the device bear weights of up to 220 kg? (static load test). Opening test – is the cover sufficiently anchored to prevent a child gaining access to the pool water? Does rain or sprinkler water drain off so the cover is dry within 10 minutes, with no pools forming on top of the cover? The PowerPlastics Solid Safety Cover is SA’s bestselling safety cover to prevent drownings. The baton and ratchet system creates a tensioned PVC cover that a child is not able to tamper with. Remember, the questions will get a lot harder after a tragedy has occurred in your pool and you are found to be non compliant with SANS 10134. PowerPlastics Pool Covers keeps you compliant and the family safe. Contact us with any questions on safety compliance for pools.

November 24, 2023

Teaching Children How to Share

It is not in a small child’s nature to share and they think the world revolves only around them (Quoted from Dr Ian Wallace – Child Psychologist, December 2014). They care only about themselves and not about other children’s wants and needs.

November 23, 2023

Teens & tweens are watching porn & we need to talk about it

Parents of today’s adolescents grew up in a world where pornography was something you had to get your hands on, which was difficult to do while you were underage. There wasn’t much of it around to start with, and then there was a host of regulations and restrictions that limited the range and possibility for adolescents to be exposed to adults-only content. While you might have managed to find the odd magazine under your big brother’s mattress, there wasn’t much chance of becoming a regular consumer of all sorts of porn. Contrast this with a recent episode of the Sip the Tea podcast, where a teen girl recounts her story of being, in her words ‘addicted to porn’. She tells Rachelle Best, founder of FYI play it safe, that she engaged with pornographic content from the age of 9 years and went on to compulsively consume it for years. The girl, now 17, articulates the impact that this has had on her self-esteem and body image. Instead of a carefree youth, she describes one wracked with guilt and shame. Curiosity about the adult world and, about the secrets that adults keep, is of course, perfectly normal, healthy child behaviour. It tests the boundaries that parents put in place when it comes to the aspects of human life that we worry that children may find disturbing, frightening or shocking. As adults, not just parents, we have a universally recognised duty to protect children when it comes to violence, cruelty, war – and sex. This duty is a legal requirement in the case of human sexual behaviour because in South Africa, as in many countries in the world, it is illegal for any adult to be involved in exposing a child to pornography. The digital era has fundamentally redefined childhood, and when we put a tablet, or a gaming console, a phone or laptop into our child’s hands, something parents do when their children are at younger and younger ages, we give them the keys to a limitless, unregulated world. The proliferation of violent and sexual content across the digital world is unfathomable. It’s no exaggeration to say that ’porn is everywhere’. There’s just so much accessible, pornographic content that it is now impossible to believe, that purposefully or inadvertently, your child won’t be exposed to it. This reality is demanding new approaches to sex education, new openness in parent-child communications and new strategies for parenting digital natives. UNICEF, the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund, has asserted that “pornographic content can harm children”. The organisation has expressed its alarm at the “massive quantity” of pornography available and its easy accessibility to children of all ages. It suggests that: “Exposure to pornography at a young age may lead to poor mental health, sexism and objectification, sexual violence, and other negative outcomes. Among other risks, when children view pornography that portrays abusive and misogynistic acts, they may come to view such behaviour as normal and acceptable.” Counselling Psychologist, Elliott Kotze who works extensively with adolescents presents another view. He says, “Currently, peer-reviewed evidence on the effects of exposure to porn in childhood is scarce. There is also an argument that porn is not addictive which suggests that compulsive porn consumption is not about the media, but about underlying issues. For instance, sexual shame is often inherent when it comes to compulsive porn consumption. Another potential cause for compulsive porn consumption, with or without masturbation, is a need for self-soothing or emotional or sensory regulation. This can become problematic when it becomes the person’s only way to self-regulate.” Elliott is clear though that unintentional exposure to pornography in childhood can be traumatic. He says, “For a child who inadvertently clicks on a link or is shown porn onscreen by a friend in the playground, there is a trauma response risk. If they are not ready or equipped, and don’t understand what’s going on, what they see is likely to be shocking and disturbing to them, and they would need capacity from their parents or a professional to process this.” For adolescents that develop a compulsive use of pornography, Elliott says, “Typically, it is distress that drives compulsive behaviours, and to treat this there needs to be an understanding of that distress. Adolescents face many challenges – mental health challenges such as anxiety and depression, relationship challenges or sexual or arousal challenges. All of these can lead to a compulsive use of pornographic content. Simply taking away the child’s ability to access porn without addressing the underlying issues that are driving the behaviour will inevitably lead to a range of sexual and relationship challenges further down the line.” Elliott offers the following advice to today’s parents: Provide matter-of-fact, accurate sex education that is free of shame – “It’s important to talk about bodies using the biological, shame-free terminology for all body parts. Discuss the role of sex in reproduction and the role of sex in bonding and healthy pleasure. Focus on the care of our bodies and our mental health. Talk about consent and what that looks like, how to give it and how to respect it. Give your children a vision and blueprint for healthy relationships.” Be committed to non-judgement and be solutions-oriented – Be the wise guide your kids can come to when they need to talk about their distress. Elliott says, “Parents can help their children deal with compulsive behaviours and tackle the underlying causes. They can help them develop healthier ways for self-soothing and self-regulating without adding to the shame and guilt the child probably already feels in relation to their behaviour.” Adequately prepare your child – “Open communication is essential to helping your child navigate adolescence,” Elliott says, “Puberty comes along, and bodies develop. It’s a time full of body hair, smells, spontaneous arousal and breast buds. All these changes can be disconcerting and distressing for children who have not been adequately prepared for it. The science has shown that children who are underprepared for puberty, or who have

November 23, 2023

Sleep Regressions

Sleep regressions can be quite challenging for both parents and little ones. There are many regressions and some babies and toddlers might experience one or two instances of poorer sleep as they grow and very rarely some children experience all phases of sleep regression . Sleep regression also varies in the duration and severity of the experience.

November 23, 2023

Preventing Bullying by Building Relationships

I call parenting the toughest job you will ever love and hate. The ramifications of what you say, do, and how you react can help or hurt children as they develop.

November 23, 2023

The benefits of mouthing toys

If you have found yourself horrified by what your growing baby or toddler are putting in their mouths – you are not alone! All children go through a mouthing phase, where they seem compelled to put things in their mouths. There are different reasons, benefits and downsides to this.

November 22, 2023

When is your child booster seat ready?

Determining when your child is booster seat ready can be something most parents neglect. I include myself in this… Once my eldest outgrew his toddler car seat, we invested in a booster cushion for him. He struggled with the adult safety belt in the back seat constantly moving over his neck and face which caused him discomfort. It’s something I made him live with, as there was no way I would let him sit without one. I’m a complete stiffler for kids being strapped in. I must admit, I didn’t do much research and went for the most affordable option when selecting a seat for him. As car seat safety to me meant having a seat belt on and that was it.

November 22, 2023

Breastfeeding myths you need to forget

Thanks to the Internet, and well-meaning (but mostly misinformed) advice-givers, the myths surrounding breastfeeding are endless…

November 21, 2023

Does a Belly Binder really work?

Women have been binding their bellies after pregnancy for many decades. Many different cultures bind the abdomens of mothers after they give birth as a standard procedure. Different materials are used to create pressure on the lower abdominal area so that the stomach that has stretched quite drastically during pregnancy is encouraged to return to its usual state. A belly binder or another form of binding after birth works wonders! Not only does the pressure cause the belly to flatten but the compression on the pelvic and abdominal area encourages healing. Compression causes enhanced blood flow and fresh, oxygenated blood is brought to the pelvic area, which improves recovery. Belly binding and abdominal pressure also gives support to the body. Back, pelvic and hip pain is common during pregnancy and can remain for a long duration postpartum. The support offered by a belly binder gives structure and protection to the back, pelvis and hips as well as the belly, which reduces pain and discomfort arising from these areas. The first 6 weeks after baby is born is an incredibly important time for healing. Enormous changes are happening yet again to the female body as it attempts to return to normal while adapting to the needs of a new-born. It is during these 6 weeks that the belly starts to shrink. Uterine contractions during breastfeeding occur to do just that. The first 6 weeks are therefore the most crucial time to wear a belly binder as the body is working maximally for healing and recovery. Binding the belly during this time drastically enhances the body’s natural need to return to its correct position. Through compression and support the belly binder works hand in hand with the healing body. The cosmetic results are highly evident, and the belly returns to its normal state a lot faster than not binding or creating pressure at all. C-section delivery is increasingly common and is an invasive abdominal surgery that requires its own recovery. When pressure is applied to the incision by a belly binder the pain is greatly reduced as the cut is stabilized. Movement, coughing, laughing, sneezing and bed mobility is all made a lot easier as the cut is stabilized beneath the pressure of the binder. C-section healing is also promoted as the compression afforded by the binder brings fresh blood flow to the area. The compressive effect of the belly binder also enhances breastmilk production as fresh blood flow is coming into the area. This oxygen rich blood is made available to the breast area which enables the production of milk more to be more efficient and effective. The belly binder can be worn during breastfeeding to bring fresh blood flow to the breast area as well as to offer back support. Breastfeeding can cause back pain due to incorrect body positioning or poor posture assumed usually due to fatigue and attempts to keep baby comfortable. The supportive effect of the belly binder reduces this pain and maintains a good posture while feeding baby. Diastasis recti is a common occurrence during pregnancy and has varying degrees of severity. Diastasis recti is a condition where the abdominal muscles split in the middle of the abdomen due the internal force of the growing baby during pregnancy. It is most visible after delivery as the full extent and severity of the separation can be assessed. A belly binder gives support to this weakened area and prevents it from getting any worse. The binder encourages the abdominal muscles to draw back together and its constant pressure stimulates these muscles to contract, further improving the outcome of diastasis recti. It is highly recommended by medical professionals that women use an abdominal binder after pregnancy if they present with diastasis recti. Haemorrhoids (piles), incontinence, pubic symphysis pain and diastasis, all improve with the correct use of postpartum belly binding. The pressure is taken off the pelvic floor and ‘up and out’ of the pelvis. It is important that the correct binding technique is used, and the pressure is directed upward. If too much compression is created in the upper abdominal area, the lower abdominal and pelvic areas will be under great force which can have extremely negative outcomes. When the correct and effective techniques of belly binding are applied the results are phenomenal. Women recover a lot faster internally and externally with the help of a binder after baby. The belly binder should be worn from the first or second day after baby is born for up to 6 weeks. With the correct use of a binder, coupled with a good diet and gentle abdominal exercises, a full return to a pre-pregnancy body or an even better figure can be achieved. Preserve, protect and restore your body after pregnancy with a belly binder. If you have made the informed decision to purchase a belly binder for your postpartum recovery Julie Kay Belly Way has the perfect solution for you! Our unique, top quality belly binders are designed and manufactured in South Africa by physiotherapist Julie Kay. Orders can be placed on our website www.juliekay-bellyway.com and delivery is within 48 hours. If you have any questions or specific requirements, please contact us directly. Join the Julie Kay maternity family today!

November 20, 2023

Creating a good self-esteem with your preschooler

Healthy self-esteem is like a child’s armour against the challenges of the world. In the early years a child is still developing ideas about himself. These are largely based on his interactions with others. These opinions that a child has about himself forms his self-esteem. Lynn van Jaarsveld, Principal of Trinityhouse Pre-Primary Little Falls, gives some guidelines to help build a positive self-esteem: make rules that are reasonable praise accomplishments—rather than ignore and punish remember the value of positive statements be neither over-protective nor under-protective help your child to deal with failure in a constructive manner show your child that you love them affirm your child’s worth spend time, plenty of time with your child pray with your child encourage independence teach your child responsibility never make comparisons between children don’t expect perfection Most important of all, is to have fun with your preschooler. Kids who know their strengths and weaknesses and feel good about themselves seem to have an easier time handling conflicts and resisting negative pressures. They tend to smile more readily and enjoy life. These kids are realistic and generally optimistic. Taking responsibility and pride in who you are as parents is a sure sign of healthy self-esteem and the greatest gift you can give to your child. By Lynn van Jaarsveld (Principal of Trinityhouse Pre-Primary Little Falls)

November 20, 2023

What is abdominal separation and how do I deal with it?

Abdominal separation or diastasis recti is the separation of the two parallel bands of muscle in your belly. This is common in pregnant women, and luckily often heals on its own, or with the help of exercises, after pregnancy. This condition is not only experienced by pregnant moms, but also by men, as well as women who’ve never been pregnant. You may be wondering how you’d know if you have abdominal separation, how to tell if it’s bad and what you can do to help your tummy return to normal. How do I know if I have diastasis recti? If your muscles have separated, you may notice a bulge in your abdomen where the two muscles have pulled apart. In addition to this, you may notice a sore lower back, constipation and bloating. Women who are expecting multiples or women who have been pregnant more than once (especially if the pregnancies are close together) are more likely to experience muscle separation. There is a way you can check if you have diastasis recti yourself. Lie flat on your back and then sit up slightly, engaging your core muscles. Put your fingers just above your belly button on the middle of your stomach. If you feel like the gap between your fingers is more than three fingers, then you probably have diastasis recti. However, this is not an exact science but rather a way to gauge if you may have a problem. How can I correct my diastasis recti? If you have a smaller separation, it may go away on its own or with the help of exercises, however, bad cases may need the help of a physio or even surgery. If you have a gap, chances are it’ll close up one or two months after birth. However, certain exercises may help the gap close up quicker. That being said, be careful of what exercise you do, some fitness practices make it worse. If you are worried about it, it’s best to talk to a health care professional and they can help you make the best choice for you and your body.

November 17, 2023

The Pros and Cons of Imaginary Friends

In preparation for writing this article, I turned to Google and found that there are many articles discussing children’s imaginary friends available on the internet. There is rarely a mention of cons, but plenty of pros and they all agree on some general information. Children usually create an imaginary friend around the age of 3-4. This friend can stay with them for a number of years, but on the whole they seem to disappear when the child is in the first year or two of primary school. There are instances where the friend remains as part of the child’s life further into primary school, but this is not the norm. First born children are more likely to have imaginary friends and it is slightly more common for girls to have imaginary friends. They will grow up knowing the difference between reality and fantasy, just like their peers who do not have imaginary friends. The friend may be a person, usually another child, an animal of some sort or the personification of a stuffed toy. They may even replace a real friend who lives far away. There was a time when a child having an imaginary friend was seen as strange and in some way this reflected poor parenting skills. There was the feeling that the child must be lonely and socially inept. Although parents may still feel a little uncomfortable or unsure of how to deal with the issue, it is generally accepted that having an imaginary friend is quite normal for a child. They may be there to help the child through a big transition in their lives, or just as a part of the child’s imaginative play. Children with imaginary friends are usually socially well-adjusted and interact well with real-life friends. Creative, imaginative play comes very easily to young children and listening to their conversations, it is quite common to hear something like; “…and then you told me to go to the cupboard to fetch the cups” “…and you fetched the cups and then you poured the tea” “…and then I wanted some cake too”. Children will make suggestions regarding the direction that the ‘game’ is heading in and there is usually someone who is the ‘boss of the game’. They are fully aware that what they are doing is a game, but they are able to discuss different behaviours and can test options with their friends. The child with an imaginary friend is engaging in the same activities, imagining how a friend might react or behave. While engaging with an imaginary friend, the child has the opportunity to take both sides of the situation into account and to express emotions and feelings that are not easy to express outside of that situation. They can test ideas and social skills, while being in complete control of the situation. Children will sometimes test a parent’s reactions by telling them that “Georgie” says this or that, waiting to see if that is acceptable to the parent. They will even blame their imaginary friend if they have done something wrong or readily suggest that he was the one who made a mess in the room. It is a good idea not to over-react, but ensure that the imaginary friend also adheres to the morals and norms of the family. The child may need to ‘help’ their friend to tidy up the room or tell their friend that it is not acceptable to be unkind or unfriendly. They still need to be accountable for their own actions. Children might project their own anxieties or fears on to the imaginary friend, so it is probably worthwhile for parents to listen to the conversations and pick up clues about what the child is currently thinking or feeling. As much as parents want to encourage their children to achieve academic and sporting success, they should be eager to encourage the development of their child’s language, critical thinking skills and imagination, all of which are developed with imaginative/ pretend play of all sorts. Parents should provide lots of opportunities for children to explore books and play imaginatively with dress-up items and play along with their children. Although children know that their imaginary friend is not real, if they become withdrawn and do not interact socially with others, it might be time to seek professional help. This would also apply if the imaginary friend is aggressive, depressed or anxious. So it seems to be the consensus that if a child has an imaginary friend, just relax, be happy that your child has a good imagination and know that it is not only normal, but good for your child’s overall creative development. Written By: Shirley Edwards (Teacher at Trinityhouse Pre-Primary Randpark Ridge)

November 17, 2023

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