Health - Parenting Hub

Expert Advice from Bonitas Medical Fund

Pregnancy, your body and your baby – week 21 of your pregnancy

At week 21 of your pregnancy you’re now just over half to meeting your baby for the first time. You’re still in your third trimester, so take advantage of feeling better with a smaller baby bump while you can. Your body at week 21 Typical pregnancy symptoms during this are an achy back, swollen feet, heartburn, hot flashes, forgetfulness (nicknamed ‘baby brain’) and leg cramps. You may have also noticed stretch marks on tummy, breasts, thighs and butt, and this is thanks to your quickly growing tummy and baby. Headaches during pregnancy are fairly normal, especially if you’re slightly tired or dehydrated. However, if you experience bad headaches for hours on end, or ones that won’t go away, consult your doctor as you may have high blood pressure. This is also known as pre-eclampsia, which is a pregnancy complication characterised by high-blood pressure and protein in your urine. Your baby at week 21 Your baby is now the length of a banana or a carrot. Around this time your baby will also start sleeping and waking at different times (not necessarily the same as yours though). Your baby is also drinking amniotic fluid, although the placenta is how they receive the majority of their nourishment. Things to keep in mind at week 21 Braxton Hicks contractions are also known ‘false labour’ and they are your body’s way of preparing you for labour. These contractions are your womb contracting and relaxing and while they can be uncomfortable, they aren’t painful. Braxton Hicks contractions vary in length, and aren’t rhythmic, which is what differentiates them from normal contractions. There isn’t a treatment for these contractions, but changing your position (if you’re lying down) or taking a relaxing bath or nap can help ease them. If you’re unsure of whether or not you’re having Braxton Hicks contractions or labour contractions, contact your doctor immediately, as you may be going into preterm labour.

June 11, 2024

Championing the fight to prevent pneumonia

Every year a day is set aside to raise awareness of pneumonia, promote prevention, treatment and provide an annual forum for the world in the fight against pneumonia. The theme for World Pneumonia Day in 2024* is, ‘Championing the fight to prevent pneumonia’. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), pneumonia is one of the most common causes of morbidity in SA children, despite improvements in immunisation and HIV management programmes. WHO also states that globally a child dies from pneumonia every 30 seconds. This is higher than malaria, HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis combined. In South Africa, flu and pneumonia ranked second (after intestinal infectious disease) as the leading cause of death in children under 5 years. This just doesn’t make sense when vaccines are available in both the private and public healthcare sector for children and adults. As part of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation, babies have a series of 4 vaccinations: At 2 months of age, 4 months, 6 months and 12–15 months. What is Pneumonia? Dr Themba Hadebe, Clinical Executive at Bonitas Medical Fund says, ‘pneumonia is a respiratory infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus, causing symptoms such as cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills and difficulty breathing’. Types of Pneumonia Bacterial pneumonia Viral pneumonia Fungal pneumonia Aspiration pneumonia: This type is more common among certain people, including older people and those with nerve disorders or swallowing issues The flu shot as the first line of protection Dr Hadebe recommends having a flu vaccine and says it is the first line of defence when it comes to protecting yourself. Studies show it reduces the risk of contracting flu by about 50 to 60% and also helps prevent the development of Pneumonia. According to the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM – 2015), ‘In addition to reducing the risk of hospitalisation for an influenza (flu) infection itself, flu vaccination appears to reduce the likelihood of hospitalisation for influenza-associated complications such as pneumonia.’ Perhaps the more telling piece of data shows that only 29% of the overall population have been vaccinated against flu, emphasising the need for more effective delivery of preventative services to prevent Pneumonia deaths. Pneumococcal vaccine There is also a vaccine that protects you against Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria which causes 80% of Community Acquired Pneumonias (CAPs). These streptococcal bacteria can spread from the nose, throat and ears to cause pneumonia – a severe infection of the lungs. It also protects you against other pneumococcal diseases including those of the bloodstream (Bacteraemia) and the lining of the brain and spinal cord (Meningitis). Who should have the Pneumococcal vaccine? People over 65, particularly in a retirement village Anyone with heart and lung problems, including asthma or with chronic illnesses like anaemia, diabetes or kidney failure. Immune-suppressed people, including those who are HIV-positive Caregivers and close contacts of any of the above Smokers, as they are more prone to respiratory illnesses Cancer sufferers The WHO reports that some preliminary studies suggest that obesity and especially extreme obesity, may also be a risk for more severe disease. Signs and symptoms of Pneumonia may include: Chest pain when you breathe or cough Confusion or changes in mental awareness (in adults aged 65 and older) A cough, which may produce phlegm Fatigue Fever, sweating and shaking chills Lower than normal body temperature (in adults older than age 65 and people with weak immune systems) Nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea Shortness of breath When to see a doctor? With virtual consultations readily available, it’s recommended you first consult your doctor via a telephone or video call to discuss your symptoms, especially if you are having difficulty breathing, chest pain, persistent fever of (39°C) or higher or a persistent cough, especially if you’re coughing up phlegm. Your physician will then decide whether you need a face-to-face consult and examination. Dr Hadebe says that, despite the evidence of the efficacy of these vaccinations, there is not enough uptake. ‘It is up to each one of us to take charge of our health, this includes having regular wellness checks and ensuring that you have a flu vaccine and, if you are vulnerable to develop pneumonia, have the pneumonia vaccine at the same time.’ Remember that your GP is your first port of call for all your healthcare needs.

June 10, 2024

Tackling women’s health holistically

‘A woman’s health is her Capital’ As far back as 2014 at the World Health Organization’s (WHO) ‘Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Forum’, South Africa stated their alliance with WHO’s statement and said, ‘the health of mothers and their children is key to achieving development equity.’ Which is why Bonitas Medical Fund, the Medical Aid for South Africa, has teamed up with CareWorks, to bolster its mother and childcare benefits and introduce a new Female Health Care Programme. With this renewed commitment to the health and wellbeing of women and toddlers, the Scheme will shine a light on the importance of preventative care and empower women to prioritise their health. ‘In South Africa, women face a range of health challenges influenced by socioeconomic, cultural and environmental dynamics at play,’ says Dr Themba Hadebe, Clinical Executive at Bonitas. ‘Many of these healthcare factors are unique to women. Early disease detection and appropriate care programmes are proven key factors in improving treatment outcomes and prognosis. Dr Hadebe says, ‘It is common knowledge that women often put their own health needs aside to care for their families. This programme will pro-actively assist women and provide them with support, to ensure that they access prevention services when they need to, as well as treatment plans.’ Top health issues in South African women are: Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) Diabetes in South Africa’s is the second deadliest disease and is also the leading cause of death among women in the country. 68% of women are obese, which is a strong risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. In addition, it is estimated that 10% of pregnant women in South Africa have gestational diabetes, which may go undiagnosed. This evidences the urgent need for screening and diagnosis. Breast and Cervical Cancer The statistics are stark: 1 in 6 women worldwide is estimated to develop cancer during their lifetime. By 2040, there will be a projected rise to 30 million new cancer cases amongst women globally. Screening services are encouraged for early HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) detection and breast cancer diagnosis. Mental Health Approximately 25.7% of South Africans are affected by probable depression, with similarly elevated levels of anxiety, particularly among women. These rates are influenced by socio-economic status, adverse childhood experiences and educational levels. HIV/Aids South Africa has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates in the world – with women, especially young women, being disproportionately affected. Of the 7.3 million adults living with HIV, 64% are women. According to Dr Mizpah Moru, the Clinical Service Manager of CareWorks, ‘The programme is focussed on educating and empowering women to take control of their health and to address any barriers that may stop them accessing health services. ‘We have a highly skilled female team of clinicians who understand the specific healthcare needs of women.’ Online Assessment and Preventative Screening There are various modules in the Self Health Evaluation (SHE) – each are educational and designed to alert potential red flags related to the likes of cardiovascular disease, hypertension and diabetes. Other modules deal with prevalent cancers, mental health, pregnancy and communicable diseases like HIV, as well as screening questions for TB and STIs. SHE and risk identification will enable targeted messaging to members. Screening results will trigger a support process to assist members in accessing appropriate, targeted care programmes. ‘We’ve taken proactive steps to address their unique healthcare needs. Our aim is to provide inclusive, tailored healthcare solutions at every stage of life,’ says Dr Hadebe. Female members will be encouraged to access their Bonitas benefits to: Promote preventative care strategies for both females and toddlers Detect non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, mental disorders, cancers, etc. Help females plan appropriately during their reproductive ages Help expecting mothers to detect and manage any risks and complications as early as possible in their pregnancy Improve access for females and toddlers to essential care Improve parent education and awareness about toddler care Expansion of the Maternity Programme The comprehensive Maternity Programme includes support for new parents with milestone reminders for children under three, immunisation reminders and online screenings for infant and toddler health. Enhanced support for expecting mothers, includes: Early identification of high-risk pregnancies Weekly engagement for high-risk pregnancies Post-childbirth follow-up calls Online assessments for pregnancy and mental health Midwives and nursing sisters will provide nurturing and caring support to women who have suffered a miscarriage and assist them in working through both the physical and mental issues associated with the loss of their baby. Support will be offered to parents of neonatal babies The programme also includes a library of female specific health topics – with a monthly focus – screening reminders and support, all communicated through SMS, WhatsApp, emails, calls and other existing digital platforms. ‘The aim of the new Female Health Care Programme is to raise awareness and promote education around health and wellness,’ says Dr Hadebe. ‘It’s about influencing behaviour positively and encouraging early screening and preventative services. Importantly, it is also about providing inclusive, tailored healthcare solutions at all stages of life, to help members live their healthiest life.’

June 7, 2024

Pregnancy, your body and your baby – week 20 of your pregnancy

Congratulations to you and your baby, you’re officially halfway through your 40 week pregnancy. It’s crazy to think that 20 weeks ago you had your last period, and now a new life is blossoming inside of you – you may even know their gender and are thinking about possible names. Your baby at week 20 You little one is now roughly the size of a grapefruit or banana, and if you haven’t been able to feel your baby move around, at week 20 things may change. Although your baby still has a fair amount of room inside of you, and you should feel her moving around inside your tummy.Their heart is pumping between 120-160 beats per minute and their senses and reflexes are becoming more developed. How you’ll feel at week 20 You may have noticed the appearance of a dark vertical line on your belly, this is normal in pregnancy and is known as a linea nigra. This line isn’t a problem and is caused by hormones during pregnancy. If you’re wanting to travel or are planning to organise a baby nursery in your house, use the time during your second trimester to your advantage, as your pregnancy symptoms won’t be as intense as they were in your first trimester, and your belly won’t be inconveniently big just yet. But that being said keep your needs in mind and don’t push yourself to do something if you aren’t feeling comfortable. Things to remember at this time During your pregnancy you may experience lower back pain thanks to your growing baby putting increasing strain on your body. If your pain is unbearable it’s best to seek the advice of your doctor or physio, but if you are managing there are a few things you can do to make your life more comfortable. Practicing prenatal yoga, deep breathing, being aware of your posture and a pregnancy belt are all things which can help ease your tired back.

June 4, 2024

Time to quit. World No-Tobacco Day

‘A billion deaths can be prevented this century, if governments act now to reduce tobacco use’. [World Health Organization] Ahead of World No-Tobacco Day, commemorated annually on 31 May, the World Health Organization (WHO) is calling on governments to adopt policies that shield children from exposure to harmful tobacco products. This year’s theme: ‘Protecting children from tobacco industry interference’, gives young people across the world, the platform to urge the tobacco industry to stop targeting them with products that are harmful to their health. Statistics indicate that smoking among young people remains high. More than 38 million youngsters, aged between 13 and 15, are using some form of tobacco. Tobacco use affects all communities. It has direct harmful effects on health, but also impacts a country’s economy and environment and hinders their achievement of Sustainable Development Goals*. ‘Lifestyle-related diseases stemming from tobacco, alcohol and obesity, have overtaken infectious diseases and become one of the biggest killers,’ says Dr Themba Hadebe, Clinical Executive of Bonitas Medical Fund. ‘We often think tobacco use is no longer an issue. And, while the number of people smoking in South Africa has fallen by over 20% over the past two decades, the reality is that we still have a long way to go.’ One of the reasons for the decline in cigarette smokers is that South Africa is part of The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). The FCTC is an international treaty which requires governments to, amongst other things, raise tobacco taxes, ban tobacco advertising and make public places smoke-free. It also urges governments to protect their policies from tobacco industry interference and to ensure children grow up free from commercial pressure to start smoking. South Africa was one of the first country signatories to the FCTC on 16 June 2003, the treaty was enforced on 18 July 2005. The facts are clear: Tobacco is harmful to your health. It was responsible for a million deaths during the 20th century and tobacco use could kill 1 billion during the 21st century. ‘We encourage you to take action now,’ says Dr Hadebe. ‘If you are a smoker, quit and if you’re a non-smoker, help a friend or family member to quit.’ He says there are a number of support groups available. ‘At Bonitas we offer our members a fully supported stop smoking programme through GoSmokeFree. The programme, available through participating pharmacies, begins with a pre-quit assessment and then one-on-one sessions with a nursing sister and trained advisors to develop an individual plan to stop smoking. ‘When you quit smoking, good things start to happen,’ says Dr Hadebe, ‘you can feel and see almost immediate improvements to your health.’ The health benefits Not only can you save up to R1 000 a month when you quit your 20-a-day habit, but you will enjoy the following health benefits: After 20 mins: Your blood pressure and pulse rate slows After 8 hours: Your nicotine levels reduce by half and oxygen levels return to normal 24 hours: Carbon monoxide leaves your body and lungs start to clear mucus and smoking debris 2-3 days: Your sense of smell and taste is enhanced 72 hours: Breathing is much easier and energy levels will increase 3+ months: Your skin starts to look younger and your teeth whiter 5 years: Heart attack risk falls to half that of a smoker 10 years: Your risk of lung cancer falls to half that of a smoker and heart disease risk to the same as someone who has never smoked It’s never too late to quit and it’s easier to stop smoking with the right support. Try the following: List the reasons you want to quit Set a date to give up smoking Tell people you are quitting Use stop smoking aids Join a free support group (even on Facebook) for support and advice Have a plan for when you are tempted to smoke (a distraction) List your smoking triggers and how to avoid them Keep cravings at bay by keeping busy Exercise away the urge to smoke Throw away all your cigarettes before your start Remember: Never give up giving up!

May 31, 2024

Pregnancy, your body and your baby – week 19 of your pregnancy

At week 19 you’re just one week off being halfway through your pregnancy! Your baby is now the size of a mango, and the exciting news is that you’ll soon find out (if you want to) whether your baby is a boy or a girl. Your body at week 19 You may have started to notice some pelvic pain and abdominal pain due to your baby’s growth. Your muscles and ligaments are working hard to support your expanding bump and this can cause discomfort. Regular gentle exercise (and if you were fit before your pregnancy, that’s a bonus) can help strengthen the muscles around your back and pelvis which can alleviate discomfort. Leg cramps are another pregnancy symptom that many expecting moms experience. These frustrating pains can often be experienced near the end of the day. Calf stretches and drinking plenty of water are two ways in which you can help reduce cramps. Your baby at week 19 Your baby is now the size of a mango, and at this time their skin becomes covered in a greasy, waxy substance called vernix caseosa. This protects the skin from the amniotic fluid in the uterus. Your baby’s first set of teeth are developing (although these won’t be visible for a while after they are born) and hair is starting to appear on their head. Things to remember at week 19 Around week 19-20 you’ll have a morphology scan which is an ultrasound which examines your baby’s body, the placenta and umbilical cord. The scan is used to check for any structural abnormalities in your baby, but it will also be the first chance you get to see your baby. This scan is also when you’re able to find out your baby’s gender.

May 20, 2024

Advice from the experts

ARTHRITIS IN YOUNG ADULTS

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health coverage, delves into arthritis in young adults, exploring its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management. “Arthritis is often associated with ageing, but it’s a misconception that it only affects the elderly,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “Arthritis can strike at any age, including in young adults. However, with the right treatment, support, and a positive mindset, young adults with arthritis can manage their condition and lead fulfilling lives.” What is Arthritis? Arthritis, in its many forms, is a group of conditions that cause joint inflammation, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. While it is indeed more common among older adults, it can also affect young adults, sometimes even during their teenage years. When arthritis strikes in youth, it can be particularly challenging, as it disrupts the active and dynamic lives of individuals just starting to build their futures. Types Of Arthritis Affecting Young Adults Several types of arthritis can affect young adults, but two are particularly common: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): This autoimmune disease occurs when the body’s immune system assaults the synovium – the membrane lining surrounding the joints – by mistake. It typically begins in young adulthood and can affect several joints. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA): JIA is a term used to describe several types of arthritis that occur in children and adolescents, usually before age 16. Some forms of JIA can persist into adulthood. Young adults can also develop other types of arthritis, such as psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and reactive arthritis, which frequently develops in response to infections. Symptoms Of Arthritis In Young Adults Arthritis doesn’t discriminate based on age, and the symptoms can be as debilitating for young adults as for older individuals. Common symptoms include: Joint Pain Stiffness Swelling Fatigue Reduced Range of Motion Fever Diagnosing Arthritis In Young Adults Diagnosing arthritis in young adults can be challenging because the symptoms often overlap with those of other conditions. If you or a young adult you know is experiencing persistent joint pain or other concerning symptoms, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider. Affinity Health explains how the diagnosis process typically works: Medical History: The healthcare provider will ask about the individual’s medical history, including a family history of arthritis and any recent illnesses or infections. Physical Examination: A thorough physical examination will help assess joint inflammation, range of motion, and overall health. Blood Tests: Blood tests, including rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, may help identify specific types of arthritis. Imaging: X-rays, ultrasound, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans can provide detailed images of the joints and help diagnose underlying concerns. Joint Fluid Analysis: If needed, a sample of joint fluid may be extracted and examined for signs of inflammation. Management And Treatment Various treatments and lifestyle changes can aid in managing the condition and enhance your quality of life. Depending on the type and severity of arthritis, healthcare providers may prescribe nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), or biologics to reduce inflammation and control symptoms. A physical therapist can design exercises to improve joint mobility, strength, and function. In contrast, occupational therapists help individuals learn techniques and strategies to manage daily tasks more effectively despite weakened joints. Pain management techniques, such as heat and cold therapy or over-the-counter pain relievers, can provide relief, while surgical interventions like joint replacement may be necessary. Coping With Arthritis As A Young Adult A diagnosis of arthritis can be overwhelming, but it’s crucial to remember that many young adults with arthritis live fulfilling lives. Here are some strategies for coping: Educate Yourself: Understanding your condition and treatment options empowers you to make informed decisions. Seek Support: Connect with support groups or therapy to share experiences and coping strategies. Advocate for Yourself: Be an active participant in your healthcare. Communicate openly with your healthcare provider. Ask questions. Embrace Self-Care: Prioritise self-care activities that promote mental and emotional well-being. Set Realistic Goals: Break down your goals into achievable steps to avoid feeling overwhelmed.

December 11, 2023

Electric vs manual toothbrushes: Which is really better for your teeth?

Brushing teeth twice a day is the foundation of a good oral hygiene routine, and essential to remove plaque, prevent cavities and bad breath and keep teeth and gums healthy. Both electric and manual toothbrushes may be effective in cleaning teeth, and there are pros and cons for both. For years, there’s been a debate on whether electric or manual toothbrushes work best to remove plaque, and now, it seems that a verdict has been reached. According to Healthline, a review of studies have shown that electric toothbrushes are more effective at reducing plaque and gingivitis than their manual counterparts. These studies showed that after three months of using an electric toothbrush, “plaque was reduced by 21% and gingivitis by 11%.” Why are electric toothbrushes more effective? The bristles in an electric toothbrush vibrate to remove the plaque build-up from teeth and gums. This rapid vibration allows for micro-movements when you move the brush across your teeth, resulting in more effective removal of plaque and debris from the teeth and gums. The benefits of using an electric toothbrush: Better removal of plaque and debris It’s been established that electric toothbrushes are better than manual when it comes to removing plaque and debris from the teeth and gums. The less plaque, the less your chances of developing gum disease and cavities. They’re beneficial for people with limited mobility Electric toothbrushes do most of the work for you, and are particularly helpful for people with mobility issues such as arthritis or carpal tunnel. They are less wasteful When it’s time to replace your toothbrush, you only have to replace the head of the electric brush, not the entire item as you would with a manual toothbrush. Special features Some electric toothbrushes boast special features like built-in timers, different speeds and pressure sensors to ensure you get the most out of your brushing session. Not sure where to begin? The Philips Sonicare range of electric toothbrushes makes use of unique technology that drives fluid deep between your teeth and along the gum line for visibly cleaner teeth, healthier gums and a whiter smile. It’s no surprise they’re recommended by dentists all around the world! Philips Sonicare toothbrushes operate with sonic technology, which utilises ultrasound and sonic waves while you brush. It moves the brush head with up to 62.000 movements per minute, creating microbubbles that support cleaning between teeth. All Sonicare toothbrushes are clinically proven to deliver a superior clean compared to a manual toothbrush while being gentler on teeth and gums. No matter what your budget, Philips Sonicare has an electric toothbrush to suit your needs and lifestyle. Try: Philips One (329.00) The sleek, lightweight Philips One is a powered version of your manual toothbrush. A tiny motor inside the handle transforms each of the hundreds of soft bristles into micro-vibrating mini scrubbers that help to gently clean and whiten your teeth at the touch of a button. Its single AAA battery lasts up to 90 days and because you don’t have to charge it, this brush is great for travelling. Philips 3100 Series (R1369.00) The 3100 Series is an ergonomically designed, lightweight sonic electric toothbrush with built-in pressure sensor. Powerful bristle vibrations drive micro-bubbles deep between teeth and along the gum line. 31,000 gentle brush strokes per minute breaks up and sweeps away plaque while protecting your teeth and gums. It offers two months’ worth of manual brushing in just two minutes. Philips ProtectiveClean 6100 (R3349.00) Feel the difference of a gentle clean with the smart ProtectiveClean 6100 while whitening your teeth in one week. It comes with a handy travel case. Click on the W2 Optimal White brush head to reveal a whiter smile by removing surface stains. Its densely packed central stain-removal bristles is clinically proven to whiten teeth in just one week. Whether you’re keen on trying an electric toothbrush for the first time, or you’re an experienced user looking to upgrade your oral care regime, Philips Sonicare has an electric toothbrush suited to your budget and lifestyle. For more information, visit: https://www.sonicare.co.za/ Follow Philips on social media: Facebook: Philips Zoom Sonicare Instagram: @philipszoomsonicare

December 7, 2023

5 SIMPLE AND EFFECTIVE TIPS TO TEACH KIDS PROPER HANDWASHING

Affinity Health explores five simple and practical tips to make handwashing a habit for your children. “Handwashing may seem mundane, but it’s one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of illnesses,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “Teaching your kids proper handwashing techniques is essential for their health and the well-being of your entire family and community”. Why Proper Handwashing Is Important The practice of handwashing dates back centuries and has evolved as our understanding of hygiene and disease transmission has grown. Viruses that cause respiratory infections, like the common cold and flu, can survive on surfaces for hours. Regular handwashing reduces the likelihood of touching contaminated surfaces and transferring the virus to your eyes, nose, or mouth. Proper hand hygiene is also essential for stopping the spread of foodborne illnesses. Handwashing prevents the transfer of bacteria and pathogens from one surface or ingredient to another during food preparation. For example, if you handle raw meat and then touch vegetables without washing your hands, you can contaminate the vegetables with the bacteria from the meat. How to Encourage Your Child to Wash Their Hands Make it Fun with Singing Kids love to sing, and you can use this to make handwashing enjoyable. You should encourage your children to sing a song while they wash their hands. Teach them to scrub their hands with soap for the duration of the song, which is about 20 seconds. Use Visual Aids Visual aids are a fantastic way to help kids understand the importance of handwashing and the steps involved. You can find posters or videos on the internet that illustrate handwashing. Lead by Example Children often learn best by watching and imitating adults. Be a role model when it comes to handwashing. Demonstrate the proper handwashing technique, emphasising the importance of using soap, scrubbing all parts of the hands, and rinsing thoroughly. Make handwashing a family affair by doing it together. This will show your kids the right way to wash their hands and reinforce the idea that handwashing is a routine everyone should follow. Teach the 5-Step Handwashing Technique To ensure thorough handwashing, teach your children the five essential step Wet: Start by wetting their hands with clean, running water. Make sure the water is at a comfortable temperature, not too hot or too cold. Soap: Apply soap to their hands. Encourage them to use enough soap to create a good lather. Scrub: Instruct them to rub their hands together vigorously. Ensure they scrub all parts of their hands, including the back, between the fingers, and under the nails. This step should last at least 20 seconds, or as long as it takes to sing “Happy Birthday” twice. Rinse: Rinse their hands thoroughly under clean, running water. Help them ensure that all soap is washed away. Dry: Use a clean towel or an air dryer to dry their hands. Remind them not to use a towel that has been used by someone else, as this can transfer germs. Reinforce the Why Explaining the reasons behind handwashing can help children understand its significance. Discuss how germs and bacteria are invisible but can make them sick if they get on their hands and touch their face, eyes, nose, or mouth. Additional Tips for Effective Handwashing Education Frequent Reminders: Encourage your children to wash their hands at specific times, such as before eating, after using the toilet, after playing outside, and when they come home from school. Hand Sanitiser: While soap and water are the best options for handwashing, hand sanitiser can be used when they are unavailable. Teach your children to use hand sanitiser with at least 60% alcohol content and supervise their use. Practice Regularly: Make handwashing a routine activity. Positive Reinforcement: Praise your children when they wash their hands properly. Explain Handwashing After Coughing or Sneezing: Teach your children to cover their mouth and nose with a tissue or their elbow when coughing or sneezing. Afterwards, they should wash their hands to prevent the spread of germs.

December 6, 2023

HOW TO IMPROVE BRAIN DEVELOPMENT IN INFANTS

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, explores various strategies and activities to nurture young minds. “The first few years of a child’s life are critical for brain development. During this time, their brain undergoes rapid growth, forming countless connections that will shape their cognitive, emotional, and social development,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “As parents and caregivers, there are numerous ways we can help improve brain development in infants and set the stage for lifelong learning.” Early and Frequent Interaction Early and frequent interaction is one of the most fundamental ways to promote brain development in infants. From the moment your baby is born, make eye contact and maintain it during feedings, nappy changes, and playtime. This simple act helps strengthen the bond between you and your baby and encourages their visual development. Talk to your baby, even if they can’t respond with words yet. Narrate your day, describe what you’re doing, and sing songs. This helps build their vocabulary and understanding of language. Pay attention to your baby’s cues, such as crying, cooing, or facial expressions. Responding promptly to their needs builds trust and helps them feel secure. Skin-to-Skin Contact Skin-to-skin contact, also known as kangaroo care, is essential for infants’ brain development and emotional well-being. Holding your baby close to your skin provides comfort and warmth, regulates body temperature, and reduces stress. It also strengthens the parent-infant bond, which is crucial for healthy brain development. Breastfeeding Breast milk is known for its incredible nutritional and developmental benefits. Breastfeeding provides essential nutrients, antibodies, and growth factors that support brain development. The act of breastfeeding also promotes bonding between mother and child. Tummy Time Tummy time is essential for strengthening an infant’s neck and upper body muscles. It also allows babies to explore their surroundings from a different perspective, enhancing their sensory and motor development.3b Gradually increasing tummy time as your baby grows helps them develop the muscles needed for crawling and eventually walking. Offer a Stimulating Environment Creating a stimulating environment for your infant can greatly benefit their brain development. Here are some ideas: Age-Appropriate Toys: Provide toys that are safe and suitable for their age. Toys with different textures, colours, and shapes encourage sensory exploration. Books: Even before they can understand words, reading to your baby stimulates their cognitive development and introduces them to the world of language. Mobiles and Visual Stimulation: Hang colourful, visually stimulating mobiles above their crib or play area. These can capture their attention and promote visual tracking. Encourage Exploration Infants are naturally curious and eager to explore their environment. Allow your baby to touch, feel, and examine objects within safe limits. Supervised exploration helps build cognitive skills and fine motor control. Music and Rhythms Music has a profound impact on brain development. Play soothing music or lullabies to help calm your baby, and introduce rhythmic play with instruments like shakers or tambourines. Regular Sleep Schedule Consistent sleep patterns are crucial for brain development in infants. Ensure your baby gets enough sleep by establishing a regular bedtime routine. Newborns typically require 16 to 18 hours of sleep per day, while infants generally need 12 to 16 hours of sleep daily, which includes their naps. Toddlers should aim for a total of 11 to 14 hours of sleep, preschool-aged children require about 10 to 13 hours, and elementary school-aged children should aim for 9 to 12 hours of sleep each night. A well-rested baby is more alert and ready to learn during wakeful hours. Baby Sign Language Baby sign language is a valuable tool for improving communication with your infant before they can speak. Simple signs like ‘more’, ‘eat’, and ‘milk’ allow your baby to express their needs, reducing frustration and enhancing early language development. Maintain a Healthy Diet If you’ve started introducing solid foods, ensure your baby’s diet is rich in nutrients essential for brain development. Include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, and healthy fats in their diet. Limit Screen Time The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends avoiding screen time for children under 18 months and limiting it for older children. Excessive screen time can interfere with physical, social, and cognitive development, so it’s best to prioritise hands-on activities and face-to-face interactions. Create a Safe and Loving Environment A secure and loving environment is the cornerstone of healthy brain development. Ensure your baby feels safe, loved, and protected. Be responsive to their needs, provide affection, and create a stable home life. Get Outside Spending time outdoors exposes your baby to new sights, sounds, and sensations. Fresh air and natural surroundings stimulate their senses and support cognitive development. Remember to protect them from the sun and dress them appropriately for the weather. Engage in Play Play is an essential avenue for learning in infancy. Simple games like peek-a-boo, tickling, and imitating facial expressions can provide hours of entertainment while promoting social and emotional development. Be Patient and Responsive Finally, remember that every baby develops at their own pace. Be patient and sensitive to their specific needs and create a loving environment in which they feel loved.

December 6, 2023

Lifesaving SA and DHL launch an online water safety learning platform

Every year, hundreds of families across South Africa lose loved ones in preventable drowning accidents. For youth 17 and under, drowning represents the second highest cause of accidental death after road accidents. The highest percentage of deaths are in children aged 1-9 years. This problem is not unique to South Africa, but follows trends seen globally, where 90% of the world’s accidental drowning deaths occur in middle to lower income countries. (World Health Organization) Following on from the success of Lifesaving SA’s WaterSmart School programme, in partnership with the Department of Education and DHL, Lifesaving SA has launched a free online e-learning WaterSmart hub, making water safety content accessible to all South Africans. While water safety training does take place in South Africa, its reach is limited. This is because programmes currently depend on in-person instruction conducted by volunteers, such as those working with Lifesaving South Africa (LSA). In 2016, Lifesaving SA launched WaterSmart, a paper-based educational programme written for the Department of Education Life Skills Orientation curriculum for grades 4-6. Since its inception, each year 50 lifeguard facilitators present this programme in hundreds of underprivileged schools, thanks to the sponsorship from corporates such as DHL, who through its partnership with Lifesaving South Africa, connect people and help save lives. In 2021 the KZN Department of Education partnered with Lifesaving SA where 6700 teachers and supervisors were trained to present the programme in their classrooms. In 2022 the programme was presented to 607 770 learners in more than 6000 schools, reaching over a million learners to date. The DHL Lifesaving WaterSmart Online Hub seeks to address the problem of drowning in South Africa by teaching learners about the various dangers water poses, empowering them to better manage risks and maintain a constant awareness and vigilance whenever water is around. The hub includes animated video content and interactive quizzes and spot the risks, making it fun and easy for children to learn about water safety and prevent drowning. The characters and scenes are presented in a simple, easy to understand format, allowing a greater audience to be reached. The content draws upon materials already developed by LSA for in-person training, including the character of “Resci,” who guides learners through the content. Teachers and parents are guided with learning plans, downloadable resources such as workbooks, readers, and posters to assist with delivering the programme to their learners and after each module is completed the learner is presented with a certificate. Jed Michaletos, Managing Director of DHL Express South Africa, expressed his delight, adding, “As a business, we talk about delivering excellence in a digital world, so when we had the opportunity to work with the Lifesaving SA team to digitize their learning materials, we jumped at it. This will increase the reach of the programme dramatically through ease of access – and really help deliver the message of water safety, to all. This project is a true demonstration of our organisational purpose, of Connecting People and Improving Lives.” With summer having finally arrived after a long and wet winter, DHL and Lifesaving SA want to ensure that children are taught how to be safe around water to prevent unnecessary drownings because one life lost to drowning is one life too many. To access the hub, visit https://watersmart.dhllifesaving.com/library/home or click on the QR code to start learning. For more information about Lifesaving South Africa visit www.lifesaving.co.za and follow us on social media X – @LifesavingSA Facebook – Lifesaving South Africa Instagram – lifesavingsouthafrica

December 5, 2023

Bursaries and boreholes – helping in the healthcare space

The partnership between Gift of the Givers and Bonitas Medical Fund has, and will continue, to have a positive impact in a quintet of interventions in the field of healthcare. The partnership, which began in 2018 continues into 2024, with an additional investment of R3.3 million. This includes bursaries to final year medical students at the University of KwaZulu Natal and the provision of boreholes at various health facilities across the country. Lee Callakoppen, Principal Officer of Bonitas says, ‘the association with Gift of the Givers goes back a few years, when we supported various projects on an ad hoc basis. The partnership is aimed at identifying health related projects being undertaken by the Gift of the Givers to which Bonitas can add value. ‘In 2022, we aligned our CSI initiatives to our mantra: ‘A Medical Aid for South Africa’. The purpose: To provide relief to the most vulnerable and marginalised communities, specifically in the field of healthcare interventions. We wanted to assist in the social upliftment of South Africans, particularly in the healthcare space. And who better to partner with than this leading philanthropic organisation in the country.’ ‘Gift of the Givers continues to go beyond the call of duty to bring humanitarian aid where needed. It has built its reputation on the principles we, as a corporate citizen, also value: Respect, care, professionalism and dedication. We are proud to be partnering with them once again.’ Bursaries for 6th year medical students Eight medical students in their 6th and final year of study at the University of KwaZulu Natal, will receive bursaries. The bursaries cover outstanding and current fees, enabling them to complete their final year of medicine and graduate as a doctor at the end of 2024. The students were selected based on their academic results and financial needs and were vetted by the University as promising students in need. They are also diverse in terms of the background and locations, with a strong desire to enhance the healthcare landscape in South Africa. Boreholes at healthcare facilities Water is the gift of life and no more so than in a healthcare setting. It is essential to run a medical facility – whether it’s a hospital or clinic or the communities around them. Critical shortages of water are hindering the provision of quality healthcare in a number of public healthcare facilities. Six hospitals and clinics have been identified, by Gift of the Givers in partnership with Bonitas, as being in urgent need of water interventions. They are located in the Eastern Cape, Gauteng, KZN and Free State and the healthcare facilities include a psychiatric hospital, general hospitals, clinics and an orphanage. The due date for completion on these projects is April 2024. Dr Imtiaz Sooliman says, ‘All the projects we have partnered with Bonitas on have been a great success and we look forward to continuing working with them. In fact, soon after our staff became members of Bonitas in 2019, we knew there was synergy in our ethos, that a collaboration in the healthcare space with the Fund would be a success. ‘We are in the fortunate position of having the relationships in place to actively execute the necessary healthcare interventions, together with Bonitas. We are thrilled at the success of this continued partnership.’ An overview of the most recent projects Celebrating our nurses In collaboration with Gift of the Givers, Bonitas honoured 470 nurses at the Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital in KZN in recognition of International Nurse’s Day. Nurses remain the backbone of the healthcare system and this gesture was to show appreciation for their exceptional service, especially in very trying times, such as the Covid-19 pandemic – when the entire healthcare environment was under enormous pressure. After the floods in KZN Bonitas responded to the disaster relief calls for assistance after the floods in KZN and donated R500k to Gift of the Givers to assist in rebuilding damaged healthcare facilities in the region. The gift of hearing This year Bonitas sponsored an Audiology Programme, in KZN which looked at testing the hearing of over 15 860 learners, at various schools during the year. ‘Children’s learning is substantially compromised with hearing difficulties, reducing the possibility for progress and achievement,’ said Dr Imtiaz Sooliman. ‘Appropriate, early intervention is critical to make a meaningful impact on the academic development of the learner.’ Disaster relief conference Bonitas was a key sponsor in the disaster relief conference held in Cape Town earlier this year. The conference, the largest of its kind in the world, was attended by various stakeholders responsible for community upliftment and healthcare delivery. Callakoppen says, ‘They say the best partnerships aren’t dependent on a mere common goal but on a shared path of equality, desire and no small amount of passion. Both Gift of the Givers and Bonitas have the drive to help others. And, in terms of the Fund, moving a step closer to providing quality healthcare for all South Africans.’

December 5, 2023

SURPRISING CAUSES OF STROKES IN YOUNG ADULTS

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, discusses surprising cause of strokes in young adults, and what you can do to reduce your risk. “When we think of strokes, we often associate them with older adults. However, strokes can happen at any age, and they’re not as rare in young adults as you might think,” says Murray Hewlett. “In South Africa stroke is the second most common cause of death after HIV/AIDS and a significant cause of morbidity. A staggering 15% of strokes occur in those aged 18-50.” Understanding Strokes A stroke is like a traffic jam in your brain. It happens when something blocks or bursts a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to your brain cells. When that road gets blocked, your brain doesn’t get what it needs, and its cells can start to die. Just like when a roadblock causes cars to pile up, a stroke can make your body stop working correctly. Strokes can have severe consequences, including paralysis, difficulty speaking, memory problems, and even death. Types of Strokes There are mainly three types of strokes: Ischemic Stroke: This is the most common type of stroke, accounting for about 85% of all cases. It happens when a blood clot or plaque buildup in an artery blocks blood flow to a part of the brain. Without enough blood and oxygen, brain cells in that area can die. Haemorrhagic Stroke: This type of stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures or leaks. It leads to bleeding into or around the brain, which can damage brain cells. Haemorrhagic strokes are less common than ischemic strokes but often more severe. Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Often referred to as a mini-stroke, a TIA is different from the other types of strokes because it is temporary. It occurs when there is a temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain, but the blockage is brief, and the symptoms usually resolve within a short time (usually less than 24 hours). TIAs are warning signs that there may be an underlying issue that needs medical attention because they can precede a full-blown ischemic stroke. “Each type of stroke has distinct causes, risk factors, and treatments,” adds Hewlett. “Recognising the surprising causes of strokes in young adults is crucial for prevention and early intervention.” Surprising Causes of Strokes in Young Adults One of the biggest culprits behind strokes in young adults is stress. Prolonged stress can lead to high blood pressure, a major risk factor for strokes, and can also contribute to the formation of blood clots, which can block blood vessels in the brain, causing a stroke. Another unexpected factor is substance abuse. Certain drugs can lead to elevated blood pressure, irregular heart rhythms, and even arterial dissection – a tearing of the blood vessel walls – all of which can precipitate a stroke. Alcohol abuse can raise blood pressure and lead to an increased risk of atrial fibrillation, a heart rhythm disorder known to cause strokes., while smoking damages blood vessels and increases the risk of clot formation. A lesser-known contributor to strokes in the young is undiagnosed medical conditions. Conditions like sleep apnoea, which disrupts breathing during sleep and lowers oxygen levels in the blood, can lead to hypertension and increase the likelihood of a stroke. Autoimmune disorders like lupus or even infections like COVID-19 have been linked to strokes in younger individuals. These conditions can cause inflammation and blood vessel damage, making the arteries more susceptible to blockages. Other conditions, such as poorly managed diabetes, being overweight or obese, and high cholesterol can increase stroke risks. Lastly, certain genetic factors play a role in strokes among young adults. Some individuals may carry genetic mutations that predispose them to blood clotting disorders, making them more susceptible to stroke. Preventing Strokes in Young Adults While some stroke risk factors are beyond our control, Affinity Health lists several proactive steps you can take to reduce your risk: Eat a balanced diet, engage in regular physical activity, and maintain a healthy weight. If you have conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol, work with your healthcare provider to manage them effectively. If you smoke, seek support and resources to quit smoking. Avoid excessive alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. Learn about your family medical history and discuss any unusual symptoms or concerns with your healthcare provider. If you have specific risk factors or experience symptoms like severe headaches, sudden weakness, or difficulty speaking, seek immediate medical attention. Early intervention can significantly improve outcomes in the event of a stroke. Schedule regular check-ups with your healthcare provider to monitor your overall health, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and other relevant factors. Incorporate stress-reduction techniques like mindfulness, meditation, or yoga into your daily routine.

December 4, 2023

Travel Hacks for a Happy Holiday Season

No one wants to be bogged down by pain or fever during their holiday travels, and now, thanks to Panado®, you don’t have to be! Whether you’re jetting off on a family holiday, embarking on a road trip adventure, or simply making a quick visit to family and friends, Panado® has your back with a range of solutions for adults and children. Tips for Travel With Kids Comfortable Seating While car seats are a must for children, they are designed primarily for safety, not comfort. If you’re traveling long distances by car, ensure that your child’s car seat is properly installed and fitted,1a and that it is appropriate for their weight, and height.1b Ear Pressure Relief Children often experience earaches during plane journeys due to rapid cabin pressure changes.2a To help your child during air travel, teach them to relieve ear pressure by chewing gum or sucking on a lollipop.2b Manage Motion Sickness Motion sickness happens when our senses send conflicting signals to the brain.3a For example, when we’re in a moving car, our inner ear senses motion, but our eyes see a stationary interior, which can make the brain feel confused and lead to dizziness, nausea and vomiting, especially in children younger than age six.3b If your child gets motion sick, keep a bag handy in the car, for just in case. Talk to a doctor about remedies, consider child-sized acupressure wristbands, and encourage them to focus on objects outside the car.3c Tips for Adults for Travel Plan Ahead Planning ahead is the secret sauce to ensuring your travels are as pain-free as possible. Before you embark on your adventure, take some time to create a checklist of all your travel essentials. This checklist should include items like your passport, tickets, itinerary, and, of course, a basic first aid kit. Stay Hydrated Dehydration can be a silent troublemaker when it comes to discomfort while traveling. It can cause headaches, nausea and fatigue.4 To combat this, make sure to drink plenty of water while you’re on the move. Carry a reusable water bottle with you and aim to stay refreshed throughout your trip. Stretch Your Legs Whether you’re on a long-haul flight or a road trip across the country, taking regular breaks to stretch your legs and get your blood flowing can work wonders. Being in one position for an extended period can lead to stiffness and aches.5 Stand up, walk around, do some simple stretches – anything to keep your muscles engaged. The Paediatric Range We understand that traveling with babies, toddlers, and children can be an adventure all on its own. Panado®’s paracetamol-based infant drops, paediatric syrups, and on-the-go sachets provide soothing pain and fever relief for your little ones. Parents trust6 Panado® to be gentle on little tummies but tough on pain and fever in babies and kids.7&8 Panado®’s paediatric range includes peppermint flavoured syrup in convenient 5ml sachets, Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Strawberry (50 ml | 100 ml),9 Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint Alcohol and Sugar-Free (50 ml | 100 ml),10 and Panado® Infant Drops 20 ml.11 Always administer using a medicine measure or a syringe. Do not exceed the recommended dose. Dosage details can be found at https://panado.co.za/dosage-calculator/ and are calculated according to your child’s age and weight. The Adult Range Panado® is conveniently available in tablet12, capsule13 or effervescent14 form to suit individual preference. Panado® Tablets provide relief from pain and fever. For those seeking an alternative, Panado® Capsules offer a convenient option: the capsule shells are designed to be smoother and more slippery, making them easier to swallow – especially beneficial for individuals who struggle with tablet consumption. The tasteless and odourless nature of the capsules caters to those who find tablets’ taste or aftertaste bothersome.15 In cases where swallowing tablets or capsules poses a challenge, Panado®’s effervescent formulation serves as convenient solution.16 Panado® products are available from Baby City, Pick n Pay, Checkers including Hypers, Shoprite, Clicks, Dis-Chem and Independent Pharmacies. For more information, visit https://panado.co.za/ and join the conversations on Facebook. 2023092110313298 References: National Childbirth Trust. Guide to child car seats. Available from: https://www.nct.org.uk/baby-toddler/getting-out-about-your-baby/travelling-baby/guide-child-car-seats. Last accessed October 2023. KidsHealth. Flying and your child’s ears. Available from: https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/flying-ears.html. Last accessed September 2023. University Hospitals. How to prevent and treat car sickness in kids. Available from: https://www.uhhospitals.org/blog/articles/2023/01/how-to-prevent-and-treat-car-sickness-in-kids. Last accessed September 2023. Medical News Today. Headaches, nausea, and fatigue: How are they related? Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/headache-nausea-fatigue. Last accessed September 2023. Flarin. Why do my muscles feel stiff after sitting for a while? Available from: https://flarin.co.uk/why-do-my-muscles-feel-stiff-after-sitting-for-a-while/. Last accessed September 2023. Circana, MT, July 2023 MAT. Blondell RD, Azadfard M, Wisniewski AM. Pharmacologic Therapy for Acute Pain. Am Fam Physician 2013;87(11):766-772. Prescott LF. Paracetamol: past, present, and future. Am J Ther2000;7(2):143-147. Panado® Paediatric Strawberry Approved package insert March 2002. Panado® Paediatric Syrup Alcohol and Sugar-Free & Panado® Paediatric Syrup package insert. April 2010. Panado® Infant Drops (Drops) approved professional information, August 1990. Panado® Tablets approved professional information, June 2005. Panado® Capsules approved package insert, August 1984. Panado® Effervescent (Tablet) approved professional information, July 1992. Science Direct. Capsule. Available from : https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/capsule. Last accessed October Panado website. Panado tablets effervescent 16s. Available from : https://panado.co.za/product/panado-tablets-effervescent-16s/. Last accessed October.

December 1, 2023

Correct Care and Intervention for Your Baby’s Cleft Lip & Palate

Cleft lip and palate are common birth defects that affect the development of the upper lip and the roof of your baby’s mouth. They occur when the tissues that form these structures do not fuse properly during pregnancy. The causes of cleft lip and palate are not fully understood, but they may involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Cleft lip and palate can affect your baby’s appearance, feeding, speech, hearing, dental health, and self-esteem. This is because many children with cleft conditions are rejected by their cultures and their families and may face ridicule and harassment for their appearance. As a result, they often struggle with low self-confidence, bullying and social exclusion. Correct Care for Cleft Palate Early surgical intervention is important for cleft palate babies as it can prevent speech patterns from being negatively affected. “A great many South African parents do not realise that the quality of life of children born with cleft lip and palate can be drastically improved as help is available and there is always a way to get assistance for your child,” says Netcare Doctor Professor Tim Christofides. Smile Foundation SA encourages new parents to celebrate their babies and seek help from the medical professionals available through their non-profit organisation that aims to assist children from disadvantaged backgrounds to receive life-changing Plastic and Reconstructive surgery to correct facial anomalies that children have been born with or developed because of trauma. International children’s charity Smile Train South Africa supports 100%-free cleft repair surgery and comprehensive cleft care for children globally and empowers local medical professionals to provide cleft care in their own communities. Treatment involves surgery to repair the cleft, as well as other interventions such as speech therapy, dental work, and ear care. Cleft lip surgery usually takes place when your baby is aged 3 to 6 months old, and cleft palate surgery is done when your baby is 6 to 12 months old. Vital Feeding Support for Your Baby Feeding your baby with cleft lip and palate can be challenging, as babies born with cleft may be unable to feed properly and may suffer from malnutrition and thirst. The risk of death is nine times higher for cleft-born children.Vital Baby offers a range of products for babies and toddlers, including feeding, weaning, hydrating, and soothing items. If you want to breastfeed your baby, you may need some extra support and guidance from a lactation consultant or a nurse. Breastfeeding a baby with cleft lip and palate can be possible but may require some modifications, such as using a breast pump, a nipple shield, and supplemental feeding appliances to help you stay calm and organised. Controlled Flow Feeding for Cleft Babies: Babies with cleft lip and palate may need special bottles or nipples that allow the parent to control the flow of milk or formula into the baby’s mouth. Vital Baby offers a range of bottles and nipples suitable for cleft-born babies, such as the Nurture Breast-Like Feeding Bottle, the Nurture Bottle Feeding Gift Set designed to mimic the natural feel and shape of the breast and to help your baby latch on easily and comfortably, and the Nurture Flexcone Electric Breast Pump Gift Set, Burping Your Cleft Baby Babies with cleft lip and palate may also need frequent burping during and after feeding, as they may swallow more air than usual. Vital Baby recommends using their Easy Pour Breast Milk Storage Bags to store and freeze breastmilk and to gently squeeze out any air bubbles before feeding. They also suggest using their Nipple Shields to protect sore or cracked nipples and their Ultra Comfort Breast Pads to absorb any leaks or spills. Feeding Position for Cleft Baby Babies with cleft lip and palate can benefit from a supportive and comfortable feeding position, such as holding them upright or slightly tilted to prevent milk or formula from going into the baby’s nose or ears. During breastfeeding, a mother’s nipple naturally flattens when in the baby’s mouth. The vital baby® NURTURE™ breast like teats are designed to mimic breastfeeding, with a Flexzone teat to stretch and flex just like a nipple, helping avoid bottle confusion and making the transition between breast and bottle easier so your child can get all the nutrition it needs to grow strong. Weight Management for Cleft Baby Check your baby’s weight regularly to make sure he or she is getting enough nutrition. Your doctor or nurse will tell you how often to weigh your baby and what weight gain to expect. Remember, too, that caring for your baby with cleft lip and palate can be emotionally and physically demanding, so it’s important to take care of yourself as well as your baby. Soon enough, you will be celebrating all your baby’s milestones and achievements; until then, focus on your baby’s strengths and abilities rather than his or her differences. Remember that your baby is unique and beautiful regardless of the cleft. Vital Baby cares about you and your newborn. Head over to our Family Corner to learn more about caring and nurturing your little one.

December 1, 2023

SUGAR, DEVIL OR FRIEND?

Over the past few years many health experts voiced their opinions loudly on social media regarding the many dangers that dietary sugar pose to our health while very few articles ever consider the merits thereof. When you consider dietary sugar intake in terms of one’s own health or the health of one’s family you need to weigh all the facts carefully before you unwittingly cut important nutrients from a diet. Always keep in mind that variety is essential as we derive the many vitamins and minerals our bodies need from all the different foods we consume. It is sensible to start off by familiarising yourself with what exactly constitutes as sources of dietary sugar. Many of us would be surprised to learn that most of the main food groups we view as essential in our diets actually are sources of dietary sugar. What exactly do I mean? Let us break down sound scientific data to digestible bites of information!

November 30, 2023

10 WAYS TO BUILD HEALTHY BONES

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, sheds light on 10 ways to build and maintain healthy bones throughout life. Recognising the Importance of Bone Health Bones play a myriad of vital roles. They provide structure, safeguard organs, anchor muscles, and store calcium. Healthy bones are essential for overall vitality and longevity. “Most people will reach their peak bone mass between 25 and 30. By the time we reach age 40, we slowly begin to lose bone mass,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “While keeping your bones strong is a smart goal at any age, bone health becomes a bigger priority in the decades after age 50 when weakened bones lead to breaks for one in two women and one in five men. Fortunately, proactive steps can significantly counteract this natural bone mass decline.” 10 Strategies for Optimal Bone Health Think of your bones as the framework that keeps you standing tall and moving freely. Like a house needs solid beams and support, your body needs healthy bones to keep you going. But how do you make sure your bones stay tough and sturdy? Whether you’re young and looking to start strong or want to keep those bones healthy as the years go by, here are ten easy-to-follow tips to help boost your bone health. 1- Prioritise calcium consumption Include a variety of calcium-rich foods in your diet, such as dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods. Calcium is paramount for bone density. 2- Don’t forget Vitamin D Vitamin D aids in calcium absorption. Sun exposure, fatty fish, fortified dairy, and supplements can be excellent sources. 3- Incorporate weight-bearing exercises Engage in weight-bearing activities like walking, jogging, and tennis. These stimulate bone-forming cells, enhancing bone density. 4- Strength training is key Resistance exercises such as lifting weights can significantly improve bone strength and protect bone density. 5- Embrace flexibility and balance workouts Yoga and Tai Chi improve bone health and reduce the risk of falls, a significant concern, especially in seniors. 6- Avoid excessive alcohol Limit alcohol intake. Consuming more than two alcoholic beverages a day may increase bone loss risk. 7- Say no to smoking Smoking can interfere with the body’s calcium absorption, leading to decreased bone mass. 8- Keep protein in check A diet with adequate protein is beneficial for bone health. Include sources like lean meats, dairy, beans, and lentils. 9- Monitor weight Being underweight increases the chance of bone loss and fractures. Maintain a healthy weight for optimal bone health. 10- Regular check-ups and bone density tests Regular screenings can assess bone health, especially for post-menopausal women or individuals at risk of osteoporosis. “Building and maintaining bone health is a lifelong endeavour. The investments made today in bone health echo in the form of vitality and reduced complications in the later stages of life,” concludes Hewlett.

November 27, 2023

WHY IS HYDRATION SO IMPORTANT?

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, highlights why hydration is essential for overall good health. Did you know that every cell, tissue, and organ in our body requires water to function optimally, yet many South Africans, especially children, don’t consume enough water daily? From regulating body temperature, aiding digestion, lubricating joints, and supporting cognitive function, let’s explore why hydration is a foundational pillar for overall well-being. Nutrient Transportation: Water acts as a highway for nutrients. It aids in the digestion of food and ensures essential vitamins and minerals reach their destined locations. Detoxification: Kidneys rely on adequate water to filter waste from the blood, which is then excreted through urine. Good hydration supports detoxification, ensuring our bodies remain free of harmful toxins. Temperature Regulation: Water helps maintain the body’s internal temperature through sweating and respiration, ensuring it doesn’t get too hot or cold. Joint Lubrication: Hydration ensures that synovial fluid keeps joints lubricated, reducing the risk of friction and associated discomfort. Skin Health: Adequate hydration can lead to radiant, moisturised skin, while dehydration can make the skin appear dry and wrinkled. Cognitive Functions: Even mild dehydration can impact concentration, mood, and cognitive abilities. Regular water intake supports optimal brain function. Prevention of UTIs: Staying hydrated reduces the risk of urinary tract infections by ensuring regular urine flow and preventing bacteria buildup. Digestion and Constipation Prevention: Water aids digestion and prevents constipation by softening stools and ensuring smooth gastrointestinal function. Understanding Your Water Needs Drinking ‘eight glasses a day’ is a well-known mantra, but hydration needs vary based on age, activity level, climate, and health conditions. Affinity Health advocates for listening to one’s body cues, such as thirst and urine colour, to gauge hydration levels or to calculate your hydration needs according to your body weight. “A person’s weight influences their hydration needs; generally, heavier individuals require more water,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. Using the ‘ water weight percentage guideline ‘ is an easy way to determine how much water your body needs. To figure out how much water to drink daily, multiply your weight in kilograms by 0.033 to get the amount in litres. For instance, if you weigh 60kg, aim for 2 litres of water daily. For 90kg, it’s about 3 litres. Remember to drink more water when you’re active, in hot weather, or feeling sick. How To Increase Your Daily Water Intake If you struggle to stay hydrated, consider these helpful hints: Carry a water bottle throughout the day. Choose a refillable one to save money and fill it from the tap. Add a slice of lemon or lime for a flavour boost if you find plain water bland. Hydrate before, during, and after exercising. Drink water if you feel hungry, as we often mistake thirst for hunger. While water won’t quench hunger, hydrating can help manage weight by making you feel full. Set a drinking routine if you forget to hydrate. This could be during meals, bedtime, or on the hour every hour.

November 24, 2023

Introducing Balene® – the revolutionary double-sided toothbrush

Balene®, the revolutionary double-sided toothbrush from Spain, clinically proven to clean the inside and outside of the teeth at the same time, is now available in South Africa at Dis-Chem, selected pharmacies and dental practices. Balene is designed to efficiently clean the inside and the outside of the teeth simultaneously. It is backed by clinical research, including the most recent study published in the International Journal of Dental Hygiene, which demonstrates Balene’s remarkable efficacy in removing plaque and promoting good oral hygiene. Features Innovative dual-sided design – cleans inside, outside, and chewing surfaces simultaneously. The head rotates 180° independently, making it easy to reach every area. Built-in tongue cleaner. Comfortable to hold, ergonomic design. New-generation Tyflex® bristles – soft, durable, effective and antibacterial. Who is Balene for? Balene® is suitable for all adults and children, aged six years and above. It is particularly beneficial when: You have limited time to brush correctly. Dental professionals recommend you brush for a full two minutes a day, twice a day. You struggle with fine motor skills, have limited dexterity or challenges that make it difficult for you to reach all the areas of your mouth. You are assisting someone to take care of their teeth. It’s ideal for parents, nurses and caregivers because it makes it quicker and easier to brush. Children are still learning to brush their teeth correctly. Balene® can also be used with implants and orthodontic braces. How Balene works Balene® has an innovative dual-sided head that embraces the teeth, brushing the inside and outside of teeth simultaneously, meaning a better clean in less time. The head rotates 180° independently of the handle, so it’s easy to move the brush to all corners of the mouth. The soft, round tipped bristles are angled at 45° to gently clean under the gumline, in line with the bass brushing technique recommended by dental professionals. The antibacterial Tyflex® bristles help ensure a hygienic brushing experience. They also last twice as long as conventional nylon bristles. Watch how Balene® works in this video. It’s a more efficient way to brush. Six benefits of brushing with Balene A quick, effective, clinically proven brushing solution. Cleans the inside, outside and chewing surfaces at the same time. Reaches under the gum line, where plaque loves to hide, thanks to 45° angled bristles. Makes it easy to brush the teeth effectively, almost no brushing technique required. Hygienic, easy-to-rinse bristles. Durable – lasts twice as long as a conventional nylon bristle toothbrush. How to use your Balene toothbrush Wet the bristles. Apply toothpaste to both sides of the head. Gently bite, closing your teeth on the brush. Slide the brush horizontally along your teeth. Rinse the bristles and leave to air dry. Where to find Balene There are two Balene® manual toothbrushes available in South Africa, each in a range of happy colours: The original Balene manual brush, for adults and children aged 12 and older. Comes in three colours – coral, blue, and aquamarine. Balene Junior, for children aged 6 to 11 years. It comes in four vibrant colours – blue, purple, fuchsia, and green. Balene® is more than a toothbrush; it’s a leap forward in oral care, making comprehensive cleaning effortless and accessible to all. Join the Balene® brushing revolution today. Balene’s recommended retail price is R350. You’ll find it at Dis-Chem stores, online at www.dischem.co.za as well as selected pharmacies and dental practices (in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe). Balene® – a more efficient way to brush. For stockists or any additional details visit https://bit.ly/BaleneSA or contact Ivohealth – email [email protected], call (+27) 0860 456 123 or WhatsApp +27 66 121 0247.

November 22, 2023

What is abdominal separation and how do I deal with it?

Abdominal separation or diastasis recti is the separation of the two parallel bands of muscle in your belly. This is common in pregnant women, and luckily often heals on its own, or with the help of exercises, after pregnancy. This condition is not only experienced by pregnant moms, but also by men, as well as women who’ve never been pregnant. You may be wondering how you’d know if you have abdominal separation, how to tell if it’s bad and what you can do to help your tummy return to normal. How do I know if I have diastasis recti? If your muscles have separated, you may notice a bulge in your abdomen where the two muscles have pulled apart. In addition to this, you may notice a sore lower back, constipation and bloating. Women who are expecting multiples or women who have been pregnant more than once (especially if the pregnancies are close together) are more likely to experience muscle separation. There is a way you can check if you have diastasis recti yourself. Lie flat on your back and then sit up slightly, engaging your core muscles. Put your fingers just above your belly button on the middle of your stomach. If you feel like the gap between your fingers is more than three fingers, then you probably have diastasis recti. However, this is not an exact science but rather a way to gauge if you may have a problem. How can I correct my diastasis recti? If you have a smaller separation, it may go away on its own or with the help of exercises, however, bad cases may need the help of a physio or even surgery. If you have a gap, chances are it’ll close up one or two months after birth. However, certain exercises may help the gap close up quicker. That being said, be careful of what exercise you do, some fitness practices make it worse. If you are worried about it, it’s best to talk to a health care professional and they can help you make the best choice for you and your body.

November 17, 2023

Give your child terrific teeth

Good habits start from a young age. This includes dental hygiene, so it is as possible. But that can be easier said than done, as little ones often don’t take too well to their parents meddling in their mouths. So how do you get your child to look after their teeth, no matter how manythey have? The key is to start as soon as they have their first tooth. Now this doesn’t mean you have to brush it with a brush and toothpaste, but rather take a clean damp cloth and wipe the first few teeth that have appeared. This will clear the area of plaque, and will get your baby used to having something in their mouth. As your baby gets older, and more teeth appear, you will have to startbrushing their teeth with a baby toothbrush. Make sure it has soft bristles, and use a baby toothpaste for their age. To make sure that brushing time is a successful and fun occasion in the house, try these tips: If your child sees that you enjoy brushing your teeth, they aren’t going to want to miss out on the fun. So get the whole family into the bathroom, brush your teeth and dance around a bit. Always let your child try to brush their teeth too. It will give them the feeling of independence. You will have to brush for them afterwards as they don’t have the motor skills to do it thoroughly. Use a pea-size amount of toothpaste on the brush, and encourage them to spit it out afterwards. Get them to stick out their tongue so you can brush that as well. Them earlier they get used to that feeling, the better their brushing techniques will be when they are older. Remember that the habits you show your kids are most likely the habits that they will pick up. So let them see you brushing and flossing every morning and night. Until your child is old enough to do it themselves, their dental hygiene is up to you. To protect their teeth, try limiting the amounts of sugar they eat. Also, water down any fruit juice they drink as this can lead to tooth decay at such a young age.f you can, don’t let your child fall asleep with a bottle as the liquid will sit in their mouth and make tooth decay more likely. Brushing our teeth comes so naturally to adults, that we can sometimes forget to actually teach our children how to do it.

November 17, 2023

How to choose a probiotic

Choosing the right probiotic doesn’t have to be daunting. Whether you’re seeking immune support, considering a multi-strain formula, addressing IBS symptoms, or preparing for indulgence during the festive season, understanding how to read labels and recognising the significance of different strains can simplify the process. How To Choose A Probiotic Look for the number of live bacteria per dose, called Colony-Forming Units (CFU). You want a probiotic dose that contains at least a billion of organisms.1a Different strains of bacteria do different things. So, consider what types of bacteria are in the probiotic.1b Take note of how you should store your probiotics,1c and look at the expiration date on the package.1d Probiotics Are Not One Size Fits All The human intestine houses 400 to 600 bacterial strains, collectively constituting trillions of bacteria.2a These friendly microbes help maintain optimal digestion, enhancing nutrient absorption and supporting the immune system.2b Various probiotic strains fulfil distinct functions. This is why different combinations of strains are most effective for addressing diverse health objectives.2c For instance, certain strains help promote the production of neurotransmitters, such as the “feel-good” hormone serotonin.2d Others help tackle digestion issues and reduce inflammation, which may be helpful when dealing with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).2e Understanding probiotic species Probiotic supplements contain freeze-dried bacteria in various forms, such as capsules, tablets, and powders.3a While there are endless species of beneficial bacteria, the ones you’ll more commonly find in probiotic supplements are Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces boulardii.3b Lactobacillus: Lactobacillus bacteria primarily inhabit the small bowel, following the stomach in your digestive tract. Probiotics with Lactobacillus species help replenish these friendly organisms, which are crucial in supporting digestion and bolstering your immune function.3c Bifidobacteria: Bifidobacteria predominantly reside in the colon or large intestine. They produce a compound called butyrate, which provides energy to your colon cells. Butyrate also influences various metabolic processes in your body, including insulin sensitivity (regulating blood sugar) and memory formation in the brain.3d Saccharomyces: Saccharomyces is a friendly yeast that’s particularly beneficial following antibiotic treatment. This yeast contributes to the well-being of your intestinal lining by supporting the maintenance of healthy tight junctions and shielding against imbalances in gut microorganisms.3e Why Choose ProbiFlora™? ProbiFlora™ contains multi-strains of well-studied probiotics proven to rebalance the GUT microflora.4 The ProbiFlora™ range includes ProbiFlora™ Adult Intensive Rescue – 9 Strain5, ProbiFlora™ Adult Classic Bowel Support – 4 Strain6, ProbiFlora™ Adult Everyday Flora Balance – 2 Strain7, ProbiFlora™ Rx Intestinal Flora Care8, ProbiFlora™ Junior Everyday Flora Balance9, ProbiFlora™ Probiotic Infant Drops 3 strain-Regular drops10, and ProbiFlora™ Junior Fit For School Chewable Tablets11. ProbiFlora™ – the PROs in probiotic health – to PROtect you and your family with PROven multi-strain benefits. ProbiFloraTM’s range of products are available from leading pharmacies and retailers nationwide. For more information, visit https://probiflora.co.za/ and join the conversations on Instagram and Facebook. 2023101910318909 References: Cleveland Clinic. How to pick the best probiotic. Available from: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/how-to-pick-the-best-probiotic-for-you/. Last accessed September 2023. OMNIBIOTIC. How to choose a probiotic supplement. Available from: https://www.omnibioticlife.com/how-to-choose-a-probiotic/. Last accessed September 2023. MindBodyGreen. Everything you ever wanted to know about choosing a good probiotic. Available from: https://www.mindbodygreen.com/articles/probiotics-how-to-choose-the-right-one-tell-if-theyre-high-quality-and-more. Last accessed September 2023. Adcock Ingram data on file. ProbiFlora™ Adult Intensive Rescue Professional Information, 26 August 2021. ProbiFlora™ Adult Classic Bowel Support Professional Information, 21 June 2022. ProbiFlora™ Adult Everyday Flora Balance Professional Information, 20 October 2020. ProbiFlora™ Rx Intestinal Flora Care Professional Information, 2 December 2021. ProbiFlora™ Junior Everyday Flora Balance Professional Information, 25 August 2021. ProbiFlora™ Probiotic Infant Drops 3 Strain Professional Information, 27 June 2020. ProbiFlora™ Junior Fit for School Professional Information, 29 August 2022.

November 17, 2023

DEBUNKING 5 COMMON MYTHS ABOUT DIABETES

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, debunks five common myths about diabetes. With millions affected worldwide, diabetes remains one of the leading health concerns of our era. However, alongside genuine information, a great deal of misconceptions surrounds this condition. “Over the past decade, South Africa has seen diabetes cases double, reaching 4.2 million – which equates to one in nine adults,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “Shockingly, 45% remain undiagnosed. As per the International Diabetes Federation’s latest data, it’s now the leading cause of death among South African women and the second highest for both genders.” Affinity Health champions the cause of imparting accurate knowledge about diabetes to all. Understanding Diabetes Diabetes is a complex condition arising from multiple causes. At its core, it’s characterised by the body’s inability to produce or effectively use insulin, a hormone essential for regulating blood sugar. Type 1 diabetes, often diagnosed in childhood, is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks insulin-producing cells. Its exact cause is unclear but is believed to involve genetic, environmental, and possibly viral factors. Type 2 diabetes is more common in adults and is caused by insulin resistance and insufficient insulin production. It’s linked to genetics, obesity, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, and age. Gestational diabetes affects pregnant women and may increase the risk of Type 2 later in life. Signs and Symptoms The warning signs of diabetes can be so mild that they go unnoticed. Some common symptoms include: Increased Thirst and Urination: High blood sugar levels cause the kidneys to work harder to filter and absorb excess sugar, leading to frequent urination. This can result in dehydration and a consequent increase in thirst. Unexplained Weight Loss: Despite eating more, rapid weight loss can occur as the body uses muscle and fat for energy because it can’t use sugar effectively. Hunger: Fluctuating blood sugars can increase appetite, even after meals. Fatigue: Insufficient sugar in the cells can cause tiredness and lack of energy. Blurred Vision: High blood sugar levels can lead to fluid being pulled from the eyes’ lenses, affecting one’s ability to focus. Slow Healing: Sores, cuts, and bruises may take longer. Tingling or Numbness: High blood sugar can cause diabetic neuropathy, leading to tingling or numbness in the extremities, especially feet and hands. Darkened Skin Patches: Areas of darkened skin, called acanthosis nigricans, can appear, particularly in the neck and armpits. Debunking the Myths Myth: Overeating sugar causes diabetes. Reality: The causes of diabetes are multifactorial. While consuming too much sugar, especially in drinks that contain added sucrose and fructose, such as sodas, is linked to an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes, eating moderate amounts of sugar in isolation does not trigger diabetes. Myth: Only overweight individuals get diabetes. Reality: While obesity is a significant risk factor for Type 2 diabetes, accounting for 80-85% of the risk, many overweight people never develop the condition. Conversely, a fair number of those with average weight can become diabetic. Factors like family history, age, and ethnicity also influence risk. Myth: Diabetics should avoid all carbohydrates. Reality: Carbohydrates are essential to a healthy diet, even for those with diabetes. The key is to opt for complex carbohydrates like whole grains, vegetables, and fruits, which have a lower glycemic index and are processed more slowly by the body. Myth: Diabetes is not a severe disease. Reality: If not managed well, diabetes can lead to chronic health complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, and vision problems. Effective control of blood sugar levels and regular check-ups are paramount to prevent complications. Myth: Once you start insulin, your condition has worsened. Reality: Insulin is a standard treatment for people with Type 1 diabetes and can be prescribed for Type 2 diabetes if other methods don’t control blood sugar adequately. It’s a crucial step in the treatment process, not an indication of disease progression.

November 15, 2023

THE WONDER THAT IS AUTISM

Autism, is currently referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) although people with ASD themselves consider Autism a neurodiversity rather than a disorder. Almost 2% of the world’s population is diagnosed as being on the Autistic spectrum. “Spectrum” because some people appear to be mildly affected and others profoundly so. Since each person is an individual and presents differently, the diagnostic process involves a number of professional assessments to identify strengths and areas of difficulty. Neurodiversity is not anyone’s fault and the causes of Autism are continuously being researched. There is no link whatsoever with vaccine treatments and the diagnosis of ASD. There does appear to be a genetic link, but the genes are not necessarily passed down from parents, since some genetic differences occur spontaneously. Autism can be understood from a medical perspective, as a condition with symptoms that can be improved but not cured, or from a more relevant social perspective, as an alternate way in which the world is experienced. It is not a sign that a person is ‘stupid’, defiant, sick, selfish, crazy, flawed or weird. All people are unique and that is why there are a number of professionals involved in the diagnosis. Paediatricians are perfectly positioned to follow a child’s developmental progress and although Autism isn’t fixed and changes over time, they may be the first professionals who detect neurodiversity in a child. Often paediatricians will refer their patients to other professionals if they detect a difference or delay in the child’s development. Parents can be overwhelmed by the process and feel isolated, but it’s important to remember that this team of professionals is there to support the entire family. Parents may also benefit from speaking to other parents in similar situations. A psychiatrist may assist with high levels of anxiety, attention difficulties, poor sleeping patterns, worries and extreme emotional fluctuations commonly experienced in Autism. There is no medical cure for Autism however prescribed medication is often helpful in reducing these difficulties. A psychiatrist will often refer their patients with Autism to a psychologist, to facilitate an understanding of Autism with the whole family and assist them to address difficulties with acceptance, emotional responses, behaviour and self-expression. People with Autism DO feel emotion and empathy but may battle to communicate those feelings. Psychologists are often also responsible for administering educational testing, to determine existing academic levels and potentials, for correct school placement. Success at school is largely dependent on the learner’s innate cognitive ability boosted by a support team and up-skilled educators. People with Autism often experience the sensory information in their environments differently to the way in which neurotypical people do. This has an impact on the way they behave in different environments and situations, as well as on their emotional resilience and well-being. This is why extremely picky eating; a strong need for predictability and structure; and specific skill sets and interests are often associated with Autism. Occupational therapists are a vital element in the team supporting children with Autism in this regard. The way in which sensory information is processed can fluctuate throughout the day, as well as from one situation to the next. Common responses for children with Autism include either “shutting down” and withdrawing from or avoiding engagement, or “melting down” and having temper tantrums or emotional outbursts and parents and teachers should understand and support this necessary ‘escape’. Neither of these is misbehaviour, but rather an instinctive response to the environment and the way in which sensory stimuli are being perceived. e.g. in a noisy chaotic place, noise reducing earphones may minimise the overload. The use of Ayres Sensory Integration® in occupation- al therapy sessions goes a long way to helping children and adults with their ability to process the sensory information in their environments, thereby facilitating optimal function in daily activities whether they be daily hygiene activities, learning/ work activities and/or social activities. A visual schedule at home and school is helpful for the child to anticipate what is coming during the day since people with Autism like predictability and structure and are thrown by unexpected changes in their routine. Occupational therapists can also provide support with motor and visual-perceptual development should this be required. Communication is another significant aspect to consider in the diagnosis of Autism. A speech therapist will support the development of communication skills for developing and maintaining relationships. Often more subtle aspects of communication are missed by a communication partner with Autism e.g sarcasm, facial expression, body language and tone of voice, leaving the person with ASD confused and excluded. While they may be able to define sarcasm for example, they may not realise when it is being used. Parents and teachers may need to point out social cues that have been missed. Fluctuating auditory perception and difficulty starting, maintaining and following a conversation can lead to communication breakdown. This is not necessarily related to the child’s understanding of the topic of conversation so rewording may be necessary. Learners with Autism favour facts and brevity over figurative and inferential information, impacting on academic comprehension and output, and social interaction. People with Autism are not deliberately rude but are to the point, often without an awareness of how their communication is perceived so it may be beneficial to discuss the effect of their own communication on others. Social norms are not always innate in neurodivergent children and adults. They may incessantly discuss a subject of their own interest and pay no attention to their conversation partner’s interest or disinterest in what is being said. Reciprocity in conversation may also be limited, leaving the listener with a sense of frustration and annoyance, shutting down opportunities for socialisation and relationship building. A speech therapist would encourage awareness and understanding of communication behaviours to minimise linguistic, social and emotional misunderstandings. Academic support teachers are the touchstone between learners with Autism, their specialist team and the school setting. They facilitate recommendations from the team to the school and vice versa to maximise the learning potential and happiness

November 14, 2023

5 TIPS TO CLEAR MY RACING MIND TO GET A GOOD NIGHT’S SLEEP

Affinity Health is a leading provider of high-quality health cover, sharing five tips to clear a racing mind and pave the way for a peaceful, rejuvenating sleep. “Sleep is as crucial as diet and exercise. It’s the body’s natural reset button – a time for the brain to process, repair, and rejuvenate,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “But when a racing mind impedes this process, it can lead to fatigue, decreased cognitive function, and a plethora of health issues impacting overall health and daily functioning.” The Effects of Lack of Sleep on the Body and Mind Lack of sleep, or sleep deprivation, has profound effects on both the body and the mind. Physiologically, sleep deprivation can weaken the immune system, increase the risk of chronic conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, and disrupt hormonal balances, including cortisol and insulin production. Cognitive and mental repercussions are equally concerning. A sleep-deprived brain struggles with memory consolidation, attention, decision-making, and problem-solving. Moreover, emotional regulation is compromised, often resulting in mood swings, increased irritability, and a heightened risk of mental health disorders like depression and anxiety. Furthermore, prolonged sleep deprivation can lead to microsleeps, brief episodes of sleep that last a few seconds, which can be particularly dangerous during activities like driving. How Much Sleep Should Adults Be Getting? The National Sleep Foundation recommends that adults aged 18 to 64 get seven to nine hours of sleep per night. However, some people feel well-rested and function efficiently with as little as six hours, while others might need up to 10 hours. “It’s essential to note that individual sleep needs can vary,” adds Hewlett. “Factors influencing these needs include genetics, age, overall health, stress levels, physical activity, and lifestyle. Adults must pay attention to their bodies and assess their feelings during the day to determine the right amount of sleep for them.” Restful Sleep Is Within Reach These five tips, while simple, can create a profound shift in one’s sleep quality. 1- Establish a Pre-Sleep Ritual A routine signals the brain about what’s next: by crafting a calming pre-sleep ritual – be it reading, deep breathing exercises, or listening to soft music – individuals can train their minds to transition into a state of relaxation. Choose activities that resonate with you. It’s about consistency and association. 2 -Digital Detox In our interconnected era, screens are a significant culprit behind sleep disturbances. The blue light emitted by phones, tablets, and computers disrupts the production of melatonin, the sleep hormone. Affinity Health recommends powering down all electronic devices at least an hour before bedtime to let the brain unwind naturally. 3- Mindful Meditation Mindfulness and meditation have surged in popularity due to their profound benefits. Focusing on the present moment and practising deep, rhythmic breathing can replace the chaos of racing thoughts with a peaceful stillness conducive to sleep. 4- Journaling Transferring worries onto paper can be a cathartic process. By jotting down nagging thoughts, concerns, or to-do lists, individuals can free up mental space, allowing the mind to rest. 5 – Optimal Sleep Environment The setting plays a pivotal role. A calm, dark room, a comfortable mattress, and soft, breathable bed linens can make a difference. Consider introducing calming scents like lavender, known for its sleep-inducing properties.

November 13, 2023

11 FOODS THAT BOOST YOUR METABOLISM

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, unveils a list of 11 foods scientifically proven to enhance metabolic rates, ensuring a natural, nutritious boost to energy and overall vitality. Did you know that nature has superfoods that do more than feed us; they kick our metabolism into high gear? These foods don’t just fill our stomachs; they turn what we eat into energy faster and more efficiently. By adding them to our diet, we’re not just eating – we’re fuelling our bodies in the best way possible. Understanding Metabolism Metabolism refers to all the chemical processes that occur within our body to keep us alive. These processes require energy; the minimum necessary amount of energy is known as the basal metabolic rate (BMR). Factors like age, muscle mass, and genetics play a role in determining one’s BMR. However, certain foods can stimulate the metabolic rate, leading to better energy production and utilisation. The 11 Foods to Incorporate for a Metabolic Boost Green Tea: Rich in catechins, green tea can elevate metabolic rate and enhance fat oxidation. Plus, it offers a plethora of antioxidants. Chili Peppers: Capsaicin, a compound in chilli peppers, has metabolism-boosting properties and may promote fat loss. Whole Grains: Foods like oats and quinoa can increase calorie burning as they require extra effort to break down compared to processed foods. Coffee: The caffeine in coffee can jump-start your metabolism and improve fat-burning, all while providing antioxidants. Eggs: Eggs are a protein-packed option, and digesting protein increases calorie burning by 15-30% compared to fats or carbs. Legumes: Beans, lentils, and chickpeas can enhance calorie burning due to their high protein and fibre content. Coconut Oil: The medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) in coconut oil can increase the metabolic rate more than longer-chain fats. Seaweed: Rich in iodine, seaweed supports thyroid function, ensuring optimal metabolic health. Dark Chocolate: Theobromine in dark chocolate has been shown to stimulate fat burning and increase metabolic rate. Berries: Blueberries, raspberries, and others contain metabolism-supporting nutrients and antioxidants. Greek Yoghurt: An excellent protein source, Greek yoghurt can increase calorie burn and aid muscle repair and growth. While these 11 foods mentioned are great for kickstarting your metabolism, it’s essential to remember that no single food is a magic bullet. Regular physical activity, adequate hydration, and a balanced diet, supplemented with these metabolism boosters, will yield the best results. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health cover provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

November 8, 2023

Avocados as a First Food for Babies

Your baby is nearing six months and the excitement starts to mount as you prepare to introduce solid foods for the first time. As your baby grows, the ability of breastmilk alone to meet the increasing nutritional needs starts to become limited as it is too low in energy, protein, and minerals like iron and zinc. A variety of nutritionally balanced foods are needed to fill this nutritional gap. With all the do’s and don’ts out there, the great news is that avocados are a nutritionally unique food with suitable consistency and texture to feature as a first food in a baby’s diet. First Food Traditional first foods include cereals, soft porridge (e.g., rice porridge or maize porridge) and pureed vegetables like pumpkin. While these are great options, there are many other foods to add to your baby’s diet from early on. Easy to puree into a consistent texture, avocados work very well as one of the first foods. Compared to traditional first foods, avocados are nutritionally unique, containing healthy monounsaturated fats and a blend of soluble and insoluble fibre. Avocados Pack a Nutrient Punch Good first foods should meet the high nutritional needs of a baby, such as energy, fatty acids, and key vitamins and minerals like vitamin A, the B vitamins, iodine, iron and zinc. Avocados are high in energy, high in healthy monounsaturated fatty acids, naturally free from cholesterol and sodium and are a source of fibre – all key nutrient factors in a healthy and balanced diet for a baby. Avocados are also high in vitamin K (necessary for healthy bones), copper (needed for immune function), and biotin (for skin and hair health), and contain amongst the highest levels of a group of antioxidants called carotenoids (namely lutein and zeaxanthin) of any fruit. Avocados Offer Variety It is good practice from early on to offer your baby a variety of flavours and textures. Now while it is important to start with pureed options as your baby first experiences the change in texture from liquid milk, it is easy to get stuck on pureed butternut and mashed banana. The ability to handle lumpier foods is important long term for your baby’s oral development for speech. Avocados offer a variety of texture options from super smooth to slightly lumpy and this can be easily altered depending on how much you mash the fruit. It’s Play Time A baby’s eating experience is about more than just taste: other senses like sight, feeling and smell are equally important. Allowing babies to play with food is key for motor development. Experiment by adding some avocado slices to the tray of the feeding chair or scooping pureed avo into your little one’s hands. This will encourage your baby to start moving the hand to the mouth to learn the important skill of self-feeding, and in a safe and secure manner. As your baby gets older and masters the pincer grasp, small avocado cubes are a great way to practise this newfound skill. Allergen Awareness Many caregivers make the mistake of not offering babies potential allergenic foods. In fact, introducing potential allergen foods from 6 months may even reduce the risk of allergies, according to research. Introduce potential allergens, like wheat, eggs, and nuts, one at a time, monitoring for 2 – 3 days for signs of a reaction. The great news is that avocado is not a high-risk food when it comes to allergies and can be safely and quickly introduced into your baby’s diet. Remember, it’s important to always offer your baby age-appropriate purees and soft foods, which will differ from young babies just starting out with solids to older babies with more practice in their newfound eating skills. BABY FOOD AVO & PUMPKIN PUREE Butternut or sweet potato can be substituted for the pumpkin. Avocado makes a healthy first food, packed with monounsaturated fats and essential nutrients. Number of servings: 4 Preparation time: 5 minutes Cooking time: 10 mins Total time: 15 minutes Ingredients: ¼ small wedge pumpkin, peeled and cut into cubes ¼ ripe, fresh avocado, halved, pitted, peeled and diced 1 tablespoon apple puree, homemade or readymade (optional) Method: Cook pumpkin in 1 cup of boiling water for 10 minutes until very tender. Drain and cool completely. Mash the pumpkin and avocado in a bowl until smooth. Add apple sauce to taste. Serve baby 1 to 2 tablespoons mixture. Extra puree can be stored covered in the fridge, serve at room temperature. (do not heat in the microwave as the avocado will turn bitter) BABY FOOD AVO CHOCOLATE PUDDING Number of servings: 2Preparation time: 5 minutes Cooking time: 0 minutes Total time: 5 minutes Ingredients: ¼ ripe, fresh avocado, halved, pitted, peeled and diced ½ banana 2 dates, pitted, and soaked in boiling water ½ teaspoon cocoa powder ½ teaspoon vanilla extract Method: Drain the dates, and chop. Place all the ingredients in a food processor and blend to a smooth puree. Serve. References Fewtrell M et al. Complementary Feeding: A Position Paper by the Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition. Journal of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 2017;64: 119–132. Ierodiakonou D, Garcia-Larsen V, Logan A, et al. Timing of allergenic food introduction to the infant diet and risk of allergenic or autoimmune disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2016;316:1181–92. Comerford KB et al. The Role of Avocados in Complementary and Transitional Feeding. Nutrients 2016, 8, 316; doi:10.3390/nu8050316.

November 7, 2023

Take your air fryer cooking to the next level with the newly-launched Cape Foods I Love Air Fryer Seasonings range

Air fryer cooking has taken South Africa by storm. What started out as a niche cooking method has now become one of the most popular and talked-about ways of preparing food. In fact, in July this year, Cape Talk Radio reported that air fryers have become so popular in South Africa, that it’s affected the cooking oil industry! But what is it about the air fryer that has South Africa buzzing? Well, the benefits of using an air fryer are seemingly endless… It all started during the Covid-19 pandemic, when millions of people around the world (many of whom don’t traditionally cook!) were forced to stay at home and prepare their own food. The air fryer offered a quick, easy and affordable method to prepare fries, chicken, veggies, pizzas and just about any other food. Air fryer cooking is: Healthy Deep-fried food may be delicious, but it is incredibly unhealthy – the consumption of too much fat and oil is a leading cause of high cholesterol, heart disease and obesity. Air fryers work by circulating hot air around a food item to create the same crispiness as in traditional fried foods. This means you can enjoy your favourite foods and flavours without the oil. Quick Air fryers cook food a lot faster than other appliances, saving you time. They are particularly handy when you’re cooking for a family or when you’re rushing to finish the food before loadshedding kicks in. Affordable Because air fryers cook food in less time, you’ll use less electricity, saving you money. Tasty Air fryer food is tasty, and affords you the opportunity to enjoy all your favourite meals, but prepared in a much healthier way. Safe Air fryer cooking is safe, and it eliminates the dangers of cooking with hot oil. International herb and spice manufacturer, Cape Foods, has launched an innovative new range of spices designed specifically for use with an air fryer. The I Love Air Fryer Seasonings range offers customers easy, ready-to-use seasonings for every dish imaginable, and allows you to take your air fryer cooking to the next level. The range is MSG-free, gluten-free and non-irradiated, offering delicious seasoning without the addition of unhealthy ingredients. Cape Foods Air Fryer Spices are available in six delicious variants: Chicken BBQ Seasoning Cook the most delicious “faux fried” chicken with this tasty barbeque spice blend. Roast Veggies Seasoning The perfect addition to your roasted peppers, baby marrow, carrots, pumpkin and more. Spicy Wings Seasoning Bring the heat to your chicken wings with this deliciously spicy blend. Chips & Potato Seasoning The ultimate seasoning for those who love their fries and potato wedges! Oh Crumbs! Seasoning Coat your meat (think schnitzels, pork chops, mushrooms etc.) with a bit of oil and then coat generously with this delicious seasoning. Convenient, tasty and much less waste. Pizza Seasoning Enhance your pizza’s flavour with this delicious versatile seasoning. Cape Foods Air Fryer Spices (RSP: R35.00) are available from Spar, Pick ‘n Pay and Checkers in Gauteng. Learn more at: https://www.capefoods.co.za/ Follow Cape Foods on social media: Facebook: Cape Foods Instagram: @cape.foods

November 7, 2023

Introducing Balene® – the brush that cleans the inside and outside, at the same time

Leading oral care company Ivohealth is proud to introduce Balene®, a revolutionary double-sided toothbrush from Spain, designed to efficiently clean the inside and the outside of the teeth at the same time. Balene® is backed by clinical research, including the most recent study published in the International Journal of Dental Hygiene, which demonstrates Balene’s remarkable efficacy in removing plaque and promoting good oral hygiene. South African dentist, Dr Stephné Fenwick, clinical advisor to Ivohealth, is impressed. “Balene is a breakthrough for patients who struggle to brush correctly. In practice we often see plaque build-up, cavities and decay where people don’t brush effectively. Balene is the ideal solution; it brushes the inside, outside and chewing surfaces of the teeth at the same time.” Who is Balene for? Balene® is suitable for all adults and children, aged six years and above. It is particularly beneficial when: You have limited time to brush correctly. Dental professionals recommend you brush for a full two minutes a day, twice a day. You struggle with fine motor skills, have limited dexterity or challenges that make it difficult for you to reach all the areas of your mouth. You are assisting someone to take care of their teeth. Children are still learning to brush their teeth correctly. Oral hygienist Dirna Grobbelaar says Balene® is ideal for parents, nurses and caregivers. “Balene is perfect to use when you brush someone else’s teeth. It removes plaque from all surfaces quickly, giving a deep and thorough clean in less time.” Balene® can also be used with implants and orthodontic braces. How Balene works Balene® has an innovative dual-sided head that embraces the teeth, brushing the inside and outside of teeth simultaneously, meaning a better clean in less time. The head rotates 180° independently of the handle, so it’s easy to move the brush to all corners of the mouth. The soft, round tipped bristles are angled at 45° to gently clean under the gumline, in line with the bass brushing technique recommended by dental professionals. The antibacterial Tyflex® bristles help ensure a hygienic brushing experience. They also last twice as long as conventional nylon bristles. Watch how Balene® works in this video. It’s a more efficient way to brush. Where to find Balene Balene® manual toothbrushes (for adults and children aged 12 years and older) and Balene® Junior (for children aged 6 to 11 years) come in a range of vibrant colours. The recommended retail price is R350. Available from Dis-Chem stores, online at www.dischem.co.za as well as selected pharmacies and dental practices (in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe). For stockists or any additional details visit https://bit.ly/BaleneSA or contact Ivohealth – email [email protected], call (+27) 0860 456 123 or WhatsApp +27 66 121 0247.

November 6, 2023

Seven Things your dermatologist wishes you wouldn’t do

From sun burn, to DNA damage, to blisters, dermatologists see it all, and are often asked what some of the most common skincare misdemeanours are. Without fail, the sun almost always comes up top when a skincare professional lists the things their patients should avoid to enjoy healthier skin. Despite this, many of us are still guilty of turning a blind eye to the danger of UV rays, and sometimes neglect sun protection guidelines out of ignorance or inconvenience. Techniblock, a leader in sun protection products, aims to make it easy for all South Africans to use sunscreen with ease and efficacy, in turn lessening the occurrence of sun burns, skin DNA damage and more seriously, the development of skin cancer. They’ve compiled a list of the seven things your dermatologist wishes you wouldn’t do: 1- Save sun protection for the beach Many of us grew up believing that sunscreen was a product only necessary at the beach and around the swimming pool. Today we know better, but a lot of people still only apply sunscreen when they’re spending prolonged time directly in the sun. Research has proven that in order to protect our skin from harmful UVA and UVB rays, we need to apply sunscreen every day, regardless of the weather. After all, did you know you can still burn on an overcast day? Take precaution and apply sun protection every day, no matter where you’re headed. You might go for a dark early morning run thinking you don’t need sun protection, but what happens if you run into a friend and end up grabbing a coffee afterwards? If possible, keep a pair of sunglasses and a hat on-hand too, as these offer extra protection when you’re exposed to UV rays. Techniblock SPF 50 Active On The Go (R99.95) comes in a convenient 75ml bottle which can easily fit in a handbag or gym bag, making it the perfect product to keep on-hand – you never know when you may need it! 2- Use sunscreen incorrectly In order to reap the full benefits of your sun protection product, you need to use it correctly. If you choose a cream or lotion formula, that means spreading on at least a shot glass-sized amount to the exposed parts of your body. That’s about 40ml, so if you do the math, a 200ml bottle of sunscreen should disappear within about a weekend. If you enjoy a lotion formula, try Techniblock SPF 50 Body Lotion (R189.00). Water-resistant and non-greasy, it absorbs with ease and leaves skin lightly fragranced (with no greasy residue). It’s important to reapply sunscreen after every swim, even if it has a water-resistant formula, as well as every couple of hours if you’re spending time outdoors. Take care to apply sunscreen to all exposed areas – even the “obscure” ones like on your ears and between your toes. Aerosol sprays are a convenient alternative to lotions and creams, and make it easier to cover the body without missing any spots. Try Techniblock SPF 50 Wet & Dry Convenience (R189.00), which can be sprayed on wet or dry skin and has a light, non-greasy texture. 3- Get a “base tan” Some people sun tan at the start of summer in order to darken their skin for the season, which they believe will protect them from developing sun burn later on. This is a myth – the truth is that there is no such thing as a healthy tan, and even slight darkening of the skin is an indication that damage has taken place. Sun exposure accelerates the development of wrinkles, lines and other signs of ageing. In fact, the darkening of skin is a result of the body producing more melanin to protect skin from the sun. Bottom line – if you want a golden glow, stick to a fake tan. 4- Run shirtless Men run shirtless for good reason – it gets hot! But it’s not a smart move in terms of sun exposure. Stripping down robs you of the safeguard of clothing and puts your skin at risk of sun burn and DNA damage. Try to run with shorts and a cool t-shirt or vest instead – it may not offer complete sun protection, but it’s better than full exposure. Plus, did you know that many active wear brands are now manufacturing clothing with built-in sun protection? Look for the term “UPF” on the label. 5- Forget about your head and lips The head and the lips are two of the most overlooked spots on the body when it comes to SPF application. Men with thinning hair or bald spots are at high risk of developing skin cancers and pre-cancerous growths as these commonly first appear on the scalp. Wearing a hat every time you go outside is first prize (applying sunscreen to a bald spot is easy enough, but it becomes trickier when hair is thinning). Because you can’t easily see on top of your head, an aerosol sunscreen is a better alternative to a cream, as it doesn’t leave a white patch when not rubbed in. Try Techniblock SPF 50 300ml (R299.00). It releases an ultra-fine, invisible mist that effectively protects the skin without leaving an oily residue. The skin on our lips is thin and very prone to sun burn and damage, but because it’s not always pleasant to wear sunscreen on the lips, this area is often neglected. We recommend applying a thin layer of sunscreen on your lips, or alternatively invest in a lip balm with SPF. 6- Take sun burn lightly You wouldn’t take a painful burn from a hot appliance lightly, so you shouldn’t do so with sun burn either. Red, painful skin after a sun burn is a sign that your body’s barrier has been damaged. This means that it cannot function optimally to protect the body from aggressors, making it easier for illness-causing bugs to get through and harder for your body to regulate fluids and temperature. If you feel feverish

November 6, 2023

Movember – it’s not just about prostate health

November or Movember is traditionally when men around the world grow a moustache to raise awareness and funds for men’s health – specifically prostate cancer. And, although the campaign is synonymous with prostate cancer, it’s also about testicular cancer, mental health and suicide prevention. The clinical team at Bonitas Medical Fund take us through some of the essential health checks and screenings for men. These are tests to check for diseases and health conditions, even before you have any symptoms. By detecting diseases early, they are often easier to treat. Prostate cancer Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men. It occurs in the small walnut-shaped gland that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. The growth is normally slow, and it is the one type of cancer from which you have the best chances of recovery. However, while some types of prostate cancer grow slowly and may need minimal or even no treatment, other types are aggressive and can spread quickly. Most men with prostate cancer are older than 65 years and, with the correct treatment, have good outcomes. Men from the age of 50 (40 – 45 for those at high risk, with a family history of prostate cancer) should have an annual prostate examination. Checking for prostate cancer? Your doctor will recommend a blood test to check the levels of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) in your blood. PSA can be elevated in men who have prostate cancer. This must be supported by a rectal examination. For 2024, Bonitas has introduced the Be Better Benefit, paid from risk for a range of screening tests and benefits to allow for early detection. This includes an annual PSA screening test on all plans except BonCap. Factors that affect prostate health include Lifestyle: A healthy lifestyle that includes maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, regular exercise and avoiding excessive consumption of alcohol and tobacco can contribute to prostate health Hydration: Staying well-hydrated is important for overall health. Drinking plenty of water can help flush out toxins and maintain prostate function. Medications and Supplements: Some medications and supplements, like alpha-blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors and saw palmetto, may be used to manage prostate conditions. However, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional before using any of these. In summary, maintaining prostate health and being aware of the risk factors and symptoms are essential aspects of men’s health. Regular check-ups, self-examinations and a healthy lifestyle can go a long way in preventing and managing these conditions. It’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for personalised guidance and early detection. Testicular Cancer Testicular cancer is relatively rare and typically affects young and middle-aged men. Here are some key points about testicular cancer: Regular self-examination of the testicles is essential. This involves gently feeling the testicles for any lumps, changes in size or unusual sensations. If any abnormalities are detected, it’s important to seek medical attention promptly. Common symptoms include a painless lump or swelling in the testicles, a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum and discomfort or pain. The main treatment is surgery to remove the affected testicle. Depending on the type and stage of cancer, additional treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be necessary. The prognosis for testicular cancer is generally quite good, especially when detected early While the exact causes of testicular cancer are not well-understood, certain risk factors include a family history of the disease, undescended testicles and a personal history of testicular cancer Mental Health in men Mental health is of critical concern in South Africa, and it affects both men and women. Men, however, may face specific challenges and stigmas related to mental health. The clinical team at Bonitas stress that, ‘Mental illness is not a character defect, it is a health problem just like arthritis, diabetes or cancer. Fear and misunderstanding often lead to prejudice against people with mental illness and addiction which is a serious barrier to diagnosis and treatment.’ The economic uncertainty, political instability and poor socio-economic conditions in SA have also added to the burden of mental health issues. ‘We have seen a 25% increase in the number of mental health hospital admissions, indicating a need for additional support,’ says Lee Callakoppen, Principal Officer of Bonitas. ‘This need is particularly high in the 18 to 44 age groups. We have further noted that mental health was a key driver for absenteeism in corporate groups.’ Anxiety disorders and depression are the most common mental health problems but others include eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), bipolar mood disorder as well as psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and personality disorders. Substance abuse, such as drugs and alcohol, is also classified under mental illness. Here are some important points regarding mental health: South African men, like men in other parts of the world, may face societal pressures to conform to traditional notions of masculinity, which can make it difficult to express emotions or seek help for mental health issues. Mental health conditions may be underreported and untreated due to the stigma associated with them. Access to mental healthcare services can be limited in certain areas of South Africa, particularly in rural regions. This can create barriers to seeking help for mental health issues Substance abuse issues are often intertwined with mental health problems. Turning to alcohol or drugs will just exacerbate mental health challenges. In response to what is rapidly becoming a mental health crisis, medical schemes are stepping up. Bonitas, for example, has a Mental Health Programme (MHP) which is part of the Scheme’s Managed Care initiatives. The programme, which is primarily education driven, is aimed at improving quality of life and empowering people with mental health issues to manage their condition. In addition, Bonitas was the first medical scheme to offer it members Panda, a mental wellness app. Panda provides scientifically validated assessment tools to enable users to measure their mental wellbeing objectively. It also enables members to book one-on-one

November 1, 2023

FIVE COMMON REASONS FOR A HYSTERECTOMY

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, presents a comprehensive overview of hysterectomies, highlighting the five most common reasons for this surgical procedure. “A hysterectomy is a common surgical procedure performed worldwide, with approximately one in five women undergoing this surgery by age 55 and one in five by 60,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “It’s worth noting that advancements in surgical techniques, anaesthesia, and post-operative care have greatly enhanced the safety of hysterectomies over time. Minimally invasive approaches, such as laparoscopic or robotic-assisted procedures, have further minimised the risks associated with traditional open surgeries.” What Is a Hysterectomy? A hysterectomy is a surgical surgery that removes a woman’s uterus. It may also include the removal of the cervix, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and other nearby tissues, depending on the circumstances. You will not be able to get pregnant or menstruate after a hysterectomy. This procedure can be performed via different methods, such as abdominal, vaginal, or laparoscopic approaches, and it may be partial or total, depending on the extent of organ removal. Hysterectomy Procedures Hysterectomies are classified into numerous categories. Your doctor will discuss each procedure’s risks, advantages, and potential side effects with you. Total hysterectomy(the most common type) involves the removal of the entire uterus as well as the cervix. Partial hysterectomy(also known as supracervical hysterectomy) removes only the uterus, leaving the cervix alone (research into the risks and benefits of leaving the cervix intact is underway). A radical hysterectomyis a surgical procedure that removes the uterus, cervix, and upper section of the vagina (typically for cancer therapy). Medical Conditions Leading to Hysterectomy Several medical conditions may warrant a hysterectomy as a treatment option. The five most common reasons include: Uterine Fibroids Uterine fibroids are harmless growths that develop in the uterus. They can vary in size and number, and while some women may have no symptoms, others may experience heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, pressure on the bladder or bowel, and even fertility problems. A hysterectomy may be recommended when fibroids become large, multiply, or cause significant discomfort and disruption in daily life. Endometriosis Endometriosis is a disorder in which tissue that usually lines the uterus begins to grow outside of it, most commonly on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or other pelvic organs. Chronic pelvic pain, painful periods, painful intercourse, and infertility can all arise from this. While various treatments, such as medications and surgeries, exist to manage endometriosis, a hysterectomy may be considered when conservative approaches have been exhausted, and the symptoms severely impact a woman’s quality of life. Adenomyosis Adenomyosis occurs when the tissue lining the uterus, called the endometrium, grows into the muscular wall of the uterus. This condition can lead to heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, severe cramping, and an enlarged uterus. Women with adenomyosis often experience significant pain during their menstrual cycles. When symptoms are severe, impacting daily activities, and other treatment options have been unsuccessful, a hysterectomy may be suggested to relieve pain and improve quality of life. Uterine Prolapse Uterine prolapse happens when the muscles and ligaments supporting the uterus weaken, causing the uterus to descend into or protrude from the vagina. This condition is more common in women who have given birth, especially multiple times or have gone through menopause. Symptoms may include a sensation of pressure or heaviness in the pelvis, urinary incontinence, difficulties with bowel movements, and discomfort during sexual intercourse. When uterine prolapse becomes severe and significantly affects a woman’s daily activities, a hysterectomy may be recommended to address the condition. Gynecologic Cancer Hysterectomy is a crucial treatment option for various gynecologic cancers, including uterine, cervical, and ovarian. In these circumstances, the operation seeks to remove the malignant tissue while preventing it from spreading further. The extent of organ removal may vary depending on the stage and type of cancer. A hysterectomy is often combined with other treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy, to provide the best chance of successful cancer management and long-term survival. Recovery Process Recovery following a hysterectomy varies from woman to woman and depends on the surgical approach and overall health. Generally, women can expect some post-operative discomfort, fatigue, and vaginal bleeding or discharge. Pain management, rest, and proper wound care are essential during recovery. The healthcare provider will provide guidelines regarding activity restrictions, resuming everyday daily routines, and follow-up appointments.

October 31, 2023

5 tricks to get your toddler to eat more fruit and veg

Fruit and vegetables are key to a balanced, healthy diet, but we all know that sometimes getting your toddler to enjoy them can be a challenge. Here’s exactly why fruit and veg are so important and sneaky ways to get your toddler to eat – and enjoy! – them. If you’re having trouble getting your toddler to gobble up their fruit and veg, you’re not alone. Between the ages of two and six it isn’t unusual for little ones to get a little more picky about the foods they are willing to try. But fruit and veg are an important part of a balanced diet – they boost immunity, provide important roughage, and are packed full of vitamins and minerals. In short, they ensure your child’s healthy growth and development, promote good health, and protect against diseases. So, how can you get your child to eat more of nature’s bounty? Try these tricks: 1. Sneak veg into sauces and their favourite foods Next time you’re making a pasta sauce, meatballs, cottage pie, or even mac and cheese, add a little veg to the mix. It won’t alter the taste and will ensure that your little one is getting a good dose of veg. Let Squish 100% Veg Puree be your secret weapon. Packed full of veggie goodness, Squish pouches have a convenient resealable lid which means you can use what you need to add some veggies to sauces and meals, then just pop the lid back on, put it in the fridge and use again for another meal. Choose from Squish 100% Butternut + Carrot, Butternut + Carrot + Sweet Potato, and Mixed Veg. Looking for recipe inspiration? Your toddler will love this quick and easy veggie-packed Pasta Sauce. 2. Freeze it! Slushies are fun and delicious – and when they’re made from Squish 100% Pressed Juice you can rest easy knowing your little one is getting a good serving of fruity goodness too. Simply keep a selection of Squish juice boxes in the freezer, then when you need a slushie, remove and let it defrost slightly, then serve – it’s as easy as that! Squish 100% Pressed Juices are made from 100% fruit, are preservative free, and come in a range of thirst-quenching flavours, including Apple, Apple + Prune with Rooibos Extract, Pear + Prune, and Summer Berries. 3. Offer dips Finger foods lend themselves well to dipping and are always a firm favourite with toddlers. Dips are also an easy way to sneak a serving of veg into your toddler’s meal. Add a pouch of Squish 100% Veg Puree to a tub of cottage cheese or cream cheese, or blitz together with a can of drained chickpeas. Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Purees are free of preservatives, flavourants and colourants – and have no added sugar. This is also a good opportunity to offer your child raw vegetables cut into strips or fun shapes for dipping. Try cucumber, red or yellow pepper, or carrots. Remember children often have to try a new taste several times before they’ll eat it with enthusiasm, so keep trying! 4. Get smoothie-licious When you have a stash of Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Puree pouches in your pantry, a delicious smoothie packed full of natural goodness is just a quick blitz away. Smoothies are a great addition to breakfast and are also good to add to your little one’s packed lunch. To make, simply add a pouch of Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Puree to a cup of natural yoghurt (or you can use half milk, half yoghurt) and blitz. Remember, you can use the veggie flavours too, especially Squish 100% Pear, Butternut, Yoghurt + Mango with Cinnamon, Pear + Sweet Potato or Apple, Beetroot + Guava. 5. Bake them in! Every toddler loves a baked treat – but did you know they’re also a great way to sneak a little more fruit and veg into their diet? The next time you’re making your favourite muffin or pancake batter mix substitute the sugar with any Squish 100% Fruit Puree like Squish Summer Berries or Mango + Banana to take them to the next level of nutritious deliciousness. Double the batch, so you can freeze halve – that way you’ll always have delicious snacks on hand for mid-afternoon treats and lunchbox fillers. You’ll also want to try this Chocolate Brownie recipe – your little one will never guess that they’re packed with veggies and fruit!

October 24, 2023

Unpacking common myths around child drowning

Whether you have a pool or have small children in your family or social circle, everyone needs to learn about pool safety. Being able to identify a drowning in progress and acting fast can make a real difference to the child making a full recovery after a drowning incident. Most people imagine that picture A is an accurate depiction of a drowning in progress. In reality, B and C are more accurate – mouth at water level, head bobbing, body upright, little to no splashing and sometimes the appearance of doing doggie paddle. Familiarise yourself with these drowning behaviours: Head low in the water, mouth at water level Head tilted back with mouth open Trying to roll over onto the back to float Hair falling over the forehead or eyes Body is vertical/ upright Eyes glassy & empty, unable to focus Eyes open, with fear evident on the face Hyperventilating or gasping Trying to swim in one direction but without progress Common Drowning Myths Myth: Drowning children will shout for help Drowning children are physiologically unable to call out. The respiratory system is designed for breathing – speech is the secondary function. Drowning children’s mouths alternately sink below and reappear above the surface but while their mouth is above the surface, they need to exhale and inhale before they sink again. There is not enough time to cry out. Myth: Drowning children are unsupervised children 50% of all child drownings will occur 25 metres or less from an adult who was distracted for only a few seconds. Myth: Drowning children wave their arms to attract attention or will thrash in the water Drowning children cannot wave for help. Physiologically, a person who is drowning cannot perform voluntary movements such as waving or moving towards a rescuer. Envisage the surface of the water as a platform. Someone who is drowning often presses down on the surface and tries to use it as leverage to get their mouth above the water’s surface to breathe. So what the onlooker sees are arm movements that can appear to be playful swimming. Children will not kick wildly either. They remain upright in the water with no evidence of a supporting kick. They are quiet, focused only on breathing and show no signs of violent struggle. The child’s struggle is quick — 20 seconds, whereas an adult struggles for 60 seconds. Myth: My child has had swimming lessons so he / she won’t drown No child is ever drown-proof, no matter how good their swimming skills. A few swimming lessons are no guarantee when it comes to drowning prevention. Myth: Water wings and flotation aids will prevent drowning Water wings give a dangerous and false sense of security, often making children think they are stronger swimmers than they actually are. Flotation aids can also suddenly deflate. To prevent a tragedy, be vigilant about pool safety and cover your pool with the leading safety cover from PowerPlastics Pool Covers – The PowerPlastics Solid Safety Cover which also complies with local safety regulations. This cover also saves water, power and chemical input, giving you safety as well as savings, and it brings a beautiful finish to the outdoor living area. Learn more and shop online at www.powerplastics.co.za

October 23, 2023

Breast Cancer – different screening tools

Radiologists from the SCP Radiology practice and Dr Lizanne Langenhoven, who specialises in the treatment of breast cancer, talk about the different kinds of screening for breast cancer. Dr Langenhoven says, ‘When you consider that around 90% of women find their own breast lumps, it is a very important part of the screening process. Although 80 percent of these lumps are not malignant, there are cases where women owe their lives to their own self-examination.’ A guide to self-examination: Lying down or in the shower: Place your right hand behind your head. Using the pads of the fingers on your left hand, feel for changes in your entire breast in a circular. Do the same above and below and in your armpit area. In front of a mirror: Check for any dimpling, puckering or changes in either nipple. See your doctor or clinic if you have any of these symptoms. Have regular screenings at your doctor or clinic. The different screenings include: Mammogram: Is breast imaging using low-dose X-rays to form a 2D image. The advantage is it often reveals abnormalities undetected in a clinical breast examination. Four images are taken, two of each breast. The breast is lightly compressed for less than 1 minute during the examination to improve diagnostic accuracy. Tomosynthesis: This is a form of 3D mammography and uses X-rays as well as sophisticated software to create a 3D image of the breast. It is considered better at detecting cancer and reducing false positives in dense breast tissue. It is invaluable in problem-solving and is used in combination with 2D mammography. Breast Ultrasound: Ultrasound is a supplementary investigation used to further evaluate morphology, blood flow, and consistency of masses and lymph nodes that are abnormal mammography. It uses no radiation but rather real-time imaging, using sound waves to create an image. It’s a slightly longer process and is also valuable in problem-solving. It is used in combination with a mammogram not in place of it. MRI: The digital MR image is created using strong magnetic fields and radio waves but no radiation. You will receive an intravenous injection and then lie on your stomach, in an MRI ‘tunnel’ for around 45 minutes. An MRI for breast screening is usually used for problem-solving, high-risk screening and for women who have breast implants. Biopsy: A breast biopsy may be recommended when a suspicious area is found in your breast, like a breast lump or other signs and symptoms of breast cancer. It is also used to investigate unusual findings on a mammogram, ultrasound, or other breast examination. Thermography: Thermography is a test that uses an infrared camera to detect heat patterns and blood flow in body tissues. Digital infrared thermal imaging (DTI) is the type of thermography that can be used to show these patterns and flow in the breasts.

October 23, 2023

10 WAYS TO CARE FOR YOUR MENTAL HEALTH DURING PREGNANCY

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, explores ten ways to care for your mental health during pregnancy. While pregnancy is a time of excitement and anticipation, it is common for women to experience a range of emotions, including anxiety, mood swings, and even depression. “Hormonal shifts, such as the surge of progesterone, oestrogen, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), can significantly impact a woman’s mood,” explains Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “In addition to hormonal influences, the physical changes associated with pregnancy, such as nausea, vomiting, backache, and alterations in body image, can induce stress and affect emotional well-being. Furthermore, sleep disruptions and the significant life changes accompanying pregnancy can further contribute to emotional upheaval.” Acknowledging the complexity of these factors and their potential impact on mental health during pregnancy is essential. By prioritising mental well-being alongside physical care, women can nurture a positive and supportive environment for themselves and their growing baby. How To Prioritise Your Mental Health During Pregnancy Educate Yourself Hormonal fluctuations can trigger mood swings and emotional instability, and understanding these changes can provide reassurance that what you’re experiencing is normal. Read reliable books, attend prenatal classes, and consult your healthcare provider to learn about pregnancy’s psychological aspects. Talk About Your Feelings Communication is critical during this period. Talk openly about your feelings with your partner, friends, family, or healthcare provider. Sharing your experiences can help you process your emotions and reduce feelings of isolation. Stay Active Endorphins, which are natural mood boosters, are released during exercise. Regular physical activity can help manage stress and anxiety, enhance sleep, and boost energy levels throughout pregnancy. Gentle workouts such as walking, swimming, or pregnancy yoga are ideal. Before beginning any fitness routine, always consult with your healthcare physician. Healthy Eating What you eat can significantly impact your mood and energy levels. A healthy diet of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains will help your mental health. Avoid excessive caffeine and processed foods, which can increase anxiety levels and mood swings. Practice Mindfulness and Meditation Mindfulness and meditation techniques can help reduce stress and anxiety throughout pregnancy by focusing on the present moment. Deep breathing, progressive muscular relaxation, and guided imagery are all options. Consider taking a prenatal meditation class or using meditation apps to help you during your pregnancy. Prioritise Rest and Sleep Fatigue can exacerbate emotional instability. Prioritise rest and make sure you’re getting enough sleep. If you’re having trouble sleeping, discuss it with your healthcare provider. Simple strategies like limiting screen time before bed, maintaining a regular sleep schedule, and creating a calm, dark sleep environment can help. Establish a Support Network Surrounding yourself with a support network can make a significant difference. Whether it’s family, friends, healthcare providers, or a support group of other expecting mothers, having people to lean on can provide emotional stability and reassurance. Seek Professional Help If your emotional distress is persistent, affecting your daily life or causing you to have thoughts of harming yourself or others, it’s essential to seek professional help immediately. Therapists and counsellors are trained to help you navigate these challenges. In some cases, medication may be recommended. Limit Information Overload While it’s good to be informed, the sheer amount of information available can be overwhelming and anxiety-inducing. Limit your consumption of pregnancy-related information to trusted sources and avoid excessive searching and reading, particularly of scary or negative stories. Self-care Rituals Taking time to nurture yourself can boost your mood and overall well-being. Engage in activities you enjoy, pamper yourself, and practice self-care rituals. These include reading a book, taking a warm bath, listening to music, or spending time in nature. Conclusion Pregnancy is a remarkable journey, filled with moments of joy, anticipation, and inevitable challenges. By consciously caring for your mental health during this time, you’re nurturing yourself and creating a healthy environment for your growing baby. Remember, it’s okay to ask for help and prioritise your well-being. Your mental health matters – for both you and your baby. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health cover provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

October 20, 2023

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