Health - Parenting Hub

Expert Advice from Bonitas Medical Fund

Key facts about Cholera

South Africa had recorded at least 46 suspected cholera cases in the first month of 2024. According to the Minister of Health, three of these cases were due to cross-border travel. With these outbreaks making headline news, Dr Themba Hadebe, Clinical Executive at Bonitas Medical Fund has put together eight key facts about cholera. Researchers have estimated that each year there are around 1.3 to 4.0 million reported cases of cholera, resulting in between 21 000 to 143 000 deaths. However, general consensus is that this is under-estimated because of low reporting and limited laboratory services. What is Cholera? Cholera is an acute diarrhoea disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It can either be mild or without symptoms or severe and life-threatening if left untreated. Who is at risk? The highest at-risk populations are more often in underdeveloped countries where poor sanitation and inadequate hygiene practices contribute to its spread, especially in areas with limited access to clean water and proper sanitation facilities. Cholera can be endemic or epidemic. A cholera-endemic area is where confirmed cholera cases were detected but not brought in from somewhere else. A cholera outbreak/epidemic can occur in both endemic countries and in countries where cholera does not regularly occur. How is it spread? It is primarily spread through contaminated water and food. Ingesting water or food contaminated with faeces containing the bacterium can lead to infection. It is not likely that cholera is spread directly from one person to another. What are the symptoms? The symptoms of cholera typically include profuse watery diarrhoea, vomiting, and dehydration. In severe cases, rapid fluid loss can lead to electrolyte imbalances, muscle cramps and shock. Without prompt treatment, severe dehydration can be fatal within hours. How long before you show symptoms? It takes between 12 hours and 5 days for a person to show symptoms – which could include acute watery diarrhoea with severe dehydration. How serious is it? According to the World Health Organization (WHO) only around 25% of infected persons become symptomatic. Of these, 10 – 20% experience severe disease. How do you treat Cholera? Cholera can be effectively treated with rehydration therapy, which involves replacing lost fluids and electrolytes. This can be orally – in non-severe cases – or via intravenous fluids for more severe cases. Antibiotics may also be prescribed to shorten the duration of illness and reduce the severity of symptoms. Immediate treatment in an outbreak is essential which is not always the case in poverty -stricken areas. Can you prevent Cholera? Yes, you can, it involves improving sanitation and hygiene practices, ensuring access to clean water, and promoting proper food handling and preparation. Measures such as boiling, filtering or treating water with chlorine tablets can help reduce the risk of contamination. Additionally, practising good hand hygiene, especially before eating or preparing food, can help prevent the spread of the disease. A global strategy on cholera control was launched in 2017: ‘Ending cholera: a global roadmap to 2030’, had a target to reduce cholera deaths by 90% as well as timely access to healthcare services during outbreaks. Remember, your GP should be your first port of call for all your healthcare needs. Bonitas believes there needs to be coordination of care and encourages you to see your GP who can refer you to a specialist or auxiliary provider as and if the need arises.

February 28, 2024

Talking about HPV and cervical cancer

The theme for 2024 Cervical Cancer Awareness is, ‘Learn. Prevent. Screen.’ South Africa has a high rate of cervical cancer which has been attributed to the fact that not enough women are screened regularly. Screening can detect early changes in the cervix, which can be treated and may save your life. Dr Themba Hadebe, Clinical Executive at Bonitas Medical Fund, gives the low down on cervical cancer – caused by persistent infection with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), why it is essential to screen for the virus and the development of a vaccine to help prevent it. Why a vaccine against HPV? HPV infects the cells of the cervix and, in some cases, the virus can persist – leading to abnormal changes in the cells that may eventually become cancerous. Over 99% of all cervical cancers are caused by persistent infection of high-risk types of HPV, including HPV-16 and HPV-18. ‘For this reason, we have expanded our preventative care benefits to include the HPV vaccine across all plans, to help prevent cervical cancers,’ says Dr Hadebe. ‘As recommended by The World Health Organization (WHO), this is 2 doses for females aged 9 to 14 years and 3 doses for females aged 15 to 26 years per lifetime’. Screening for HPV and cervical cancer Screening is also essential to mitigate the risk of developing cervical cancer. Screening aims to identify cervical cell changes and detect early cervical cancers before they cause symptoms. Two screening tests help with detection: Pap test (Pap Smear) Cervical cancer is usually a slow-growing cancer that may not have immediate symptoms but can be found with regular pap smear tests (a procedure in which cells are scraped from the cervix and looked at under a microscope). The test looks for cell changes (pre-cancers) in the cervix that may progress to cancer if not treated. HPV test Looks for the virus, particularly HPV-16 and HPV-18 that cause 90% of cervical cancers. It is recommended that between the ages of 21 and 65, women should have a pap smear every two years and, from the age of 30 onwards, a pap smear and HPV test can be done every 5 years. Signs and symptoms The symptoms of the HPV virus can include: Lesions on the genital area as well as darker lesions on other parts of the body, to painful bumps on your upper limbs and skin growths on the balls of the feet and heels. Staging of cervical cancer Just like other cancers, cervical cancer is graded according to the severity. From in situ, which means it hasn’t spread to nearby tissue, through stage one: It’s still in the original organ and is small. If it progresses it spreads to the surrounding lymph nodes and, in the most severe form, the cancer has metastasized to surrounding tissues and other lymph nodes. As cervical cancer develops, the following may occur: Abnormal bleeding, for example bleeding after sex Pelvic pain unrelated to the menstrual cycle Heavy or unusual discharge Increased urinary frequency Pain during urination ‘Cervical cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women after breast cancer,’ says Dr Hadebe. ‘Yet it has a good chance of being cured, if diagnosed at an early stage and treated promptly. Which is why, it’s important to have regular pap smears to detect any changes in the cervix and to vaccinate young girls to protect them against possible HPV infection.’

February 26, 2024

Pregnancy, your body and your baby – week seven of your pregnancy

By now you probably know that you’re pregnant, but some moms only find out during this week or later. Even if you haven’t started looking outwardly pregnant, there is a good chance you’re definitely feeling it, with the likes of fatigue and morning sickness. Your baby is going rapidly day-to-day, with continued brain and body development for the next 33 weeks. Where your body is at This week you’ll likely be feeling some or all of the symptoms generally experienced during the first trimester of pregnancy. It’s important throughout your pregnancy that you maintain a healthy lifestyle, even if doing so feels tough at times. Eating the correct foods and taking prenatal vitamins will ensure that your baby gets the correct nutrients from you. It is important to remember that during pregnancy your needs will change, so you should keep this in mind when tailoring your diet. Miscarriage and ectopic pregnancies are both serious complications that can happen during early pregnancy. Miscarriage is the spontaneous loss of the foetus before week 20, unfortunately, this is not reversible and is usually due to abnormal development. Ectopic pregnancy often shows around 7 weeks and is when the fertilised egg implants outside of the uterus. Unfortunately, neither complication can be reversed, and losing a baby early in pregnancy is likely to be very traumatic for the mom-to-be and family. It’s important that you seek medical and psychological support if you are struggling post ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage. What your baby is doing Your baby is now the size of a blueberry but is shaped more like a tadpole than a human, however, their tail is getting smaller and will soon disappear. At this point, your baby has continued to develop limbs, facial features, spinal cord and lungs, heart and kidney.

February 19, 2024

Pregnancy, your body and your baby – week six of your pregnancy

Week 6 of your pregnancy At week 6 of your pregnancy you’ll most likely know that you’re pregnant now, although some mom’s realise as quickly as 3 weeks or as late as 12. Every week your body is changing to accommodate for your growing little one. Your body at 6 weeks 6 weeks in and you may be experiencing a range of pregnancy hormones. One of the most common and challenging first trimester pregnancy symptoms is morning sickness, although these waves of nausea can strike at any time. It is important to eat bland foods little and often. Even though this nausea may be uncomfortable to deal with, it’s nothing to worry about unless you can’t keep any food down throughout the day. Fatigue is another unpleasant aspect of pregnancy that you may have started experiencing in your first trimester. Napping often, letting others take over some of your chores and work, as well as keeping hydrated are ways in which you can help yourself. Your pregnancy fatigue may be worse during your first and third trimesters. Exercise and a healthy diet are also important (at this point and throughout your pregnancy) and you’ll probably be able to do most of the exercise you’re used to – just stay away from anything heated (such as heated yoga) or high risk. Your baby at 6 weeks Your baby is now the size of a pea, still tiny enough that you won’t be able to spot a tell-tale pregnancy bump. Your uterus has begun expanding to accommodate your new baby, and may have started pressing down on your bladder (que the frequent urge to use the bathroom). Inside you, your baby is starting to look more like a little human, and her eyes, nose, ears as well as limbs have started slowly forming. Liver, kidneys and lungs are also starting to take shape.

February 12, 2024

10 ways to manage your medical expenses

‘As you begin 2024 with a clean slate in terms of medical aid benefits, it’s a good time to look at ways to manage medical expenses,’ says Lee Callakoppen, Principal Officer of Bonitas Medical Fund. Here are 10 tips to empower yourself in managing medical expenses. Designated Service Providers (DSPs) and networks Healthcare costs in South Africa are generally unregulated which means providers are free to charge any tariff. ‘Using DSPs and hospital networks means that favourable tariffs for members have been negotiated,’ explains Callakoppen. ‘Using networks also means you can reduce or eliminate co-payments.’ Tariffs and rates of payments The Scheme Rate is the amount a scheme will pay for specific treatments and procedures. However, 100% of the scheme rate doesn’t necessarily mean 100% of the account will be paid. Ask for a quote from your practitioner and/or hospital ahead of any procedure. If there is a major discrepancy, try and negotiate an adjusted fee. The value-add benefits Make use of the free wellness screening and testing offered by your medical aid. There has been an intensified drive to detect, prevent or manage various chronic conditions as well as vaccinate against potential diseases and conditions. ‘After completing an online wellness questionnaire or a wellness screening, you are able to access the ‘Benefit Booster’ providing access of up to R5 000 in additional funds to use for out-of-hospital expenses.’ The Bonitas ‘Be Better Benefit’ includes an annual wellness screening, per beneficiary, to check blood pressure, blood glucose, BMI and cholesterol. It’s about being on the right path to good health and wellness. Other benefits include Flu vaccines, HIV tests, lipograms, mammograms, prostate screening, pap smears, pneumococcal vaccines, whooping cough boosters, HPV vaccines, stool tests for colon cancer, dental fissure sealants, online hearing screenings and contraceptives. Ask your pharmacists Ask your pharmacists for over-the-counter medications for less serious illnesses. Pharmacists are able to provide sound medical advice about problems like rashes, colds or illnesses that are not severe. Also use generic medications where possible. A generic’s active ingredient or drug content is identical but is between 30% and 80% cheaper. Managed Care The prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) has been increasing year-on-year, so have mental health issues, which is a risk factor for NCDs and vice versa. For this reason, it is important to make full use the Care programmes your medical aid offers. ‘At Bonitas we offer support for NCDs through a range of Care programmes including Audiology, HIV/AIDS, cancer, diabetes, mental health, back and neck, hip and knee replacements as well as hospital-at-home.’ Remember to pre-authorise Pre-authorisation is required for all hospital admissions, out-of-hospital screenings and procedures. Always ask if there are any co-payments or sub-limits that will apply and how to avoid these. For planned procedures, make sure you use a DSP or check whether the procedure can be in the doctor’s rooms or a day clinic. Be aware of consulting after hours Be careful about using after-hours consultations or emergency rooms unless it’s absolutely necessary. In a bona fide medical emergency, one has no choice and this usually results in admission to hospital. Manage your chronic medicine correctly The golden rule for chronic illness benefits is to try to use the medication on the scheme’s formulary and to obtain this from a specified pharmacy, either on the network or a DSP. PMBs Make sure you understand what is covered under Prescribed Minimum Benefits (PMBs) and to use a DSP to ensure that claims are paid from risk, not from your medical savings account. Gap Cover Gap Cover is designed to cover the difference or part of the difference between what the medical scheme pays and the service provider charges for in-hospital procedures/treatment and specified outpatient procedures. Ensuring you ‘work smarter’ with the benefits and medical expenses during the year, is a win-win situation for your health and pocket.

February 7, 2024

Pregnancy, your body and your baby – week five of your pregnancy

Week five of your pregnancy is the week that many women find out that they are pregnant. You’ll notice the skipped period and your pregnancy test will come out positive, you’ll also start to notice some pregnancy symptoms if you hadn’t already. Your body at 5 weeks pregnant This week you’ll notice pregnancy symptoms, and this is just the beginning of a huge number of changes you’ll feel taking place in your body. At this point your pregnancy hormones will probably be affecting you, making you feel nauseous, your breasts tender. You could also be experiencing spotting and cramping, as well as frequent urination and cravings. The pregnancy hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), is responsible for many of these changes, and this hormone is why your test shows up positive. Not only will your body physically change, but you’ll probably be dealing with mental changes as well. No only can your changing hormones cause your moods to fluctuate, but finding out you’re pregnant can also be an emotional experience. Remember any emotions are valid, even if you’re feeling overwhelmed and confused, as opposed to excited. If you’re struggling it’s important to reach out to those around you or seek professional help. Your baby at 5 weeks pregnant Your baby is now roughly the size of orange or apple seed and her tiny face is already starting to form, even though she looks more like a tadpole than a human. During this time your baby’s neural tube is developing – this will become their spine and brain – which is why folic acid is so important at this point. Folic acid taken daily reduces the risk of spinal tube defects. By 5 weeks your little one’s heart will have also started beating. If your pregnancy is healthy, you won’t be having an ultrasound before 8 or 9 weeks of pregnancy, so it’ll be a few more weeks before you get to see your baby.

February 5, 2024

Advice from the experts

HOW DOES SUGAR AFFECT YOUR TEETH?

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, explores the many ways sugar affects your teeth and unveils the secrets to safeguarding them for a lifetime of healthy smiles. Sugar is a sweet enemy to your teeth, leading to tooth decay and cavities. But it’s not just the amount of sugar you consume that’s the problem; it’s also how often you consume it. The more frequently you eat sugary foods and drinks, the greater your risk for tooth decay. Why Sugar Is Bad for Teeth When sugar encounters the bacteria in your mouth, it produces acid. This acid attacks the enamel, the hard, protective surface of your teeth. Over time, the acid can erode the enamel, creating tiny holes in the surface of your teeth, known as cavities. Tooth decay is a progressive disease. It starts with forming a small cavity on the tooth’s surface. If the hole is not addressed, it will grow more significant and more profound, eventually reaching the nerves and blood vessels inside the tooth, causing toothaches, infection, and possibly tooth loss. Sugar also sticks to the surface of your teeth, providing a perfect breeding ground for bacteria. As the bacteria feed on the sugar, they make additional acid, which damages your teeth even more. But it’s not just the sugar that’s harmful to your teeth. Many sugary foods and drinks also contain high levels of acid. For example, citrus fruits, sports drinks, and even diet soda can be highly acidic. According to a Journal of Conservative Dentistry study, consuming acidic foods and drinks can erode tooth enamel, making your teeth more susceptible to decay. Frequent snacking on sugary foods and drinks is especially harmful to your teeth because it keeps the acid attack on your teeth all day long. According to the American Dental Association, snacking on sugary foods and drinks throughout the day can cause a continual acid attack on your teeth, increasing your risk of dental decay. The good news is that you can take steps to protect your teeth from the damaging effects of sugar. Here are a Few Tips from Affinity Health: Brush and floss: Brushing and flossing your teeth twice daily can help remove plaque and bacteria from your teeth and gums, lowering your risk of tooth decay and gum disease. Use an antiseptic mouthwash: An antiseptic mouthwash can help kill bacteria and freshen your breath. Limit sugar intake: Consuming too much sugar can lead to tooth decay, so limiting your sugar intake is essential. This includes sweets, cakes, biscuits, and chocolate and sugary drinks such as soda and sports drinks. Drink water: Drinking water can help rinse away sugar and bacteria in your mouth, and it also helps keep your mouth and teeth hydrated. Chew sugar-free gum: Chewing sugar-free gum after meals can help stimulate saliva production and neutralise the acid in your mouth. Visit the dentist regularly: Regular dental check-ups and six-month cleanings can help remove plaque and tartar buildup and detect and treat any dental issues early on. Use fluoride toothpaste: Fluoride is a mineral that can help strengthen tooth enamel and prevent tooth decay. Eat more fruits, vegetables, and nuts: Eating various fruits and crunchy vegetables can help provide your body with the vitamins and minerals it needs for strong teeth and gums. Nuts also promote healthy teeth and gums, Almonds, for example, are low in sugar, high in fibre, and include minerals such as calcium, while Brazil nuts and cashews help to fight bacteria that lead to tooth decay. Be mindful of snacking: If you’re in the habit of snacking throughout the day, try to limit your snacking to mealtimes. This way, your mouth can neutralise the acid produced by the bacteria in your mouth before you snack again. Remember to clean your tongue: Your tongue can be a breeding ground for bacteria, so remember to clean it daily. This can be done using a tongue scraper or your toothbrush. Eat calcium-rich foods: Another way to protect your teeth from the effects of sugar is to increase your intake of calcium-rich foods, such as milk, sardines and canned salmon, beans and lentils, whey protein, tofu, seeds, cheese, and yoghurt. Calcium can help to strengthen tooth enamel and make it more resistant to acid attack. How Can Affinity Health Help Protect Your Teeth and Gums? Affinity Dental is an advanced dental plan offering intermediary-level dentistry care at an affordable rate. Save on premium dental care through negotiated rates and terms of service with an extensive network of dentists. Silver Plan: The Silver Plan covers your essential dentistry needs for a minimal premium. Gold Plan: In addition to the Silver Plan benefits, the Gold Plan covers Root Canals and Crowns. It also has an increased Specialist Dentistry Benefit. Platinum Plan: The Platinum Plan is our top dental care package, offering the most advanced care with increased benefits. For more information on Affinity Dental, click here. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading provider of health insurance, offering you a range of options at affordable rates including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, your budget, and your lifestyle. Our range of healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to always give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service at all times. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

August 10, 2023

Bring your health to the next level with probiotics: The superheroes of the gut

Probiotics are the superheroes of the gut! They are live microorganisms,1a such as bacteria and yeasts, that are beneficial to our health, particularly for our digestive system. When consumed in adequate amounts, probiotics can help improve the balance of good bacteria in our gut, aid in digestion of food and nutrient absorption, eliminate harmful cells, generate vitamins, and support our immune system.1b Certain specific strains such as Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 have been clinically proven to help prevent and alleviate certain digestive disorders, including prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (as recommended in international guidelines).1c Reuterina® Daily2 is a probiotic that can help you achieve optimal gut health. It contains Lactobacillus reuteri DSM17938, a strain of bacteria that has been shown to improve the symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders, such as bloating and constipation. Incorporating Reuterina® Daily into your daily routine can help you feel better and bring your health to the next level. The Reuterina® family of probiotics are available from pharmacies nationwide. For more information, visit: https://reuterina.co.za/ and join the conversations on Instagram and Facebook. References and product legals available on request. S0 Reuterina (chew tablet). Each tablet contains a minimum of 100 million ( 1 x 10 8) live, freeze-dried colony forming units (CFU) Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM17938. Applicant: Austell Pharmaceuticals (Pty) Ltd, 1 Sherborne Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa. Tel: 0860287835. www.austell.co.za . PMX: 1598_06/2023

August 9, 2023

PREPARING YOUR BREAST MILK FOR YOUR PREM BABY

Breast milk is important for your baby at any age but especially for your premature infant’s special needs. Both you and your new-born prem can benefit from your expressed milk until baby has developed enough to feed from your breast. Expressing your milk can feel daunting at first, but within a matter of hours you will have learnt a new skill to benefit both baby and you for months to come. EXPRESSING Expressing simply means releasing milk from the breast which is then stored and fed to your baby as and when required. Expressing your breast milk, starting within the first six hours after giving birth, gives your prem baby the best chance for growth. MATCHLESS MILK Mothers of prem babies produce breast milk higher in protein and minerals which delivers several types of fat that your baby can absorb and more easily digest. Small amounts of Colostrum appear in the first two or three days, containing high concentrations of antibodies which help your baby fight infections, followed by the ‘coming in’ of your breast milk to nourish and develop your baby’s brain and neurologic tissues. Human milk is easier for prem babies to absorb than formula and prevents the risk of your prem baby developing intestinal infections from cow’s milk proteins. PREPARATION Even if your prem baby cannot breastfeed yet, expressing breast milk from birth will ensure that your milk supply is maintained until your baby is able to nurse. Establish a routine of expressing milk 8 to 10 times in a 24-hour period. You will need to store your breast milk until your prem is able to feed. At first, you will express only small amounts of colostrum, a few drops to a few mls, until your flow changes to more mature milk, increasing to around 50 to 70 mls each time by day five. Remember however that every prem baby and Mom is unique and volumes will vary. It is essential that fresh breast milk is stored hygienically, and we recommend the easy-pour designed Breast Milk Storage Bags from vital baby® with its leak proof secure seal and a wide neck and freestanding base making it easy to stand. With 30 x 250ml bags in each box, you will always have breast milk stored on hand when you need it. BONDING Expressing your breast milk is especially handy when you have to be away from your prem baby for periods of time. Your baby can still smell and taste your milk and benefit from its nourishment while your breasts are prevented from becoming engorged and uncomfortable and will be less likely to leak. It helps to be rested and relaxed while expressing your milk; try to express immediately after holding your prem baby skin-to-skin. If this is not possible, look at a photograph of your baby to help release your flow. Once you begin breast feeding, your baby may find it difficult to latch, and for mom’s with sensitive skin, your nipples can become raw and painful. Silicone Nipple Shields from Vital Baby® NURTURE™ are ultra-thin silicone caps with a soft, natural skin feel which improve latching and provide easier feeding, especially with flat or inverted nipples, and will help your sore nipples to heal without disrupting your breastfeeding routine. PUMP SUPPORT Expressing milk for prem babies requires the support of an electric breast pump which helps new moms to establish and maintain an adequate breast milk supply. An electric pump such as the Vital Baby® NURTURE™ helps you to efficiently express your milk at regular intervals, supporting you to tailor your feeding experience to approximately the times when your baby would usually feed. Prepare to pump your breast milk at least 6 to 8 times a day; this provides nipple stimulation and encourages milk production. The Vital Baby® electric pump is discreet, quiet, lightweight, and portable for total convenience, giving you ultimate control while at home and away.

August 9, 2023

GLOBALLY TEEN DEPRESSION REACHES AN ALL-TIME HIGH

Depression has become the leading cause of illness and disability among adolescents worldwide, which in most cases go undetected and untreated, increasing the risk of suicide. Abdurahman Kenny, Mental Health Portfolio Manager for Pharma Dynamics says while teen mental health was already declining prior to COVID-19, the pandemic created conditions that exacerbated feelings of sadness and hopelessness. “Disruptions to routines, missed milestones, extended school disruptions, prolonged social isolation, fear and anxiety over health and finances have without doubt taken a cumulative toll on the mental well-being of youth. Extraordinary stress and disruption as experienced during the pandemic can be very damaging for a child’s psyche that typically thrives on routine and predictability.” The study found older children to be impacted more severely than younger ones, likely because of puberty, hormonal changes, and lack of social interaction. Girls were more prone to depression and anxiety than boys, which align with studies from before the pandemic. Kenny explains that depression, anxiety and behavioural disorders are among the most common mental health concerns in youth. “Depressive symptoms, such as sadness, loss of interest in activities that used to bring joy, disturbed sleep, changes in appetite, lack in concentration, irritability, low energy or little motivation to do anything, risky or harmful behaviour, substance abuse and feeling hopeless for weeks on end can lead to suicide ideation if not properly addressed.” In South Africa, where we have limited mental health resources, it’s important for parents to become more aware of behavioural changes in their children in order to provide them with the right support. Here’s what you can do as a parent: 1. Be there for your child. Show empathy and understanding – even if they don’t want to talk to you or do much of anything. Depression makes even doing the smallest of tasks difficult. Validate their emotions, but not their unhealthy behaviour. Ask questions about their mood in a non-threatening way. Don’t be judgemental or try to solve their problems, just listen to what they are saying and let them know that you are there for them, while showing compassion for what they’re going through. 2. Focus on the positive. Compliment them on the positive things they do – even if it’s just going to school, setting the dinner table or helping with the dishes. Try not to belabour their negative points, but rather acknowledge that they’re trying. They don’t want to feel this way. If they could snap out of it, they would, but depression doesn’t work that way. Showing love and appreciation for the little things they do well, will strengthen your relationship. 3. Encourage self-care. While it may be difficult for your teen to look after themselves while they’re feeling depressed, it’s vitally important. Getting regular exercise, eating healthy meals, sleeping enough, participating in sports and wholesome hobbies that make them feel good about themselves, limiting screen time and social media use, practising gratitude by keeping a journal, encouraging social interaction, setting achievable goals are all things they can do that will improve their mood and self-esteem. 4. Set boundaries. Healthy boundaries are essential for youth to form positive relationships with others. Setting these limits create physical and emotional safety for your teen, so they know what is acceptable and what is not. Even when they are depressed, rules should be respected. 5. Get them the help they need. Discuss going to a therapist if their mood doesn’t improve. If they don’t want to go, ask in what way you can help. If they tell you to back off, don’t retaliate with anger. It might just be their way of telling you they need space. Accept their response and give them some more time to think about it. If they don’t come back to you, ask your GP to recommend a few therapists. Then put the suggested therapists to your teen and ask them to make a choice. It’s important to make them feel involved in the process, which sets the stage for effective therapy. Kenny says there are several kinds of therapy that might be helpful. “These include interpersonal therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy and dialectical behavioural therapy, which all play a role in the recovery process. However, a thorough assessment should be done by a psychiatrist in order to recommend the most appropriate treatment for your child. “Teenagers with depression may also benefit from medication, such as anti-depressants, but the best results are usually obtained when combining medicine with psychotherapy (talking with a therapist). That said, your teen has to be committed to therapy, therefore finding the right therapist that your child can connect with is key.” He says while challenging behaviour tends to be the norm for teenagers, parents should be on the lookout for signs of depression as early detection and treatment are crucial. For more info on how to manage depression, visit mydynamics.co.za or contact Pharma Dynamics’ toll-free helpline on 0800 205 026, which is manned by trained counsellors who are on call from 8am to 8pm, seven days a week.

August 4, 2023

Webinar – Baby Milestones

Sr Ingrid Groenewald explains the milestones that you can experience in your baby’s first year.

August 2, 2023

ARE YOU GRINDING YOUR TEETH? HERE’S TO KNOW AND HOW TO STOP

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, discusses what tooth grinding is, how to recognise it, and what you can do to stop it. What Is Tooth Grinding? Tooth grinding, also known as bruxism, is the clenching and grinding of teeth, usually during sleep. It is a common condition that affects people of all ages. According to the American Sleep Association, about 10% of adults and 15% of children grind their teeth. Tooth grinding can occur in varying degrees of severity. Some people may grind their teeth occasionally or respond to specific triggers, while others may do so regularly or subconsciously, even while they sleep. The severity of tooth grinding can also depend on the individual’s age, stress levels, and overall health. Mild tooth-grinding cases may not cause noticeable symptoms, while moderate to severe cases can lead to oral and health complications. “When you grind your teeth, you put excessive pressure on them, which can cause several problems,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “It can wear down the enamel, making the teeth more susceptible to cavities and decay. In severe cases, it can also cause the teeth to crack or fracture, which may require extensive dental work, such as crowns or root canals. Tooth grinding can also cause jaw pain and headaches, making it difficult to eat or speak. Over time, it can also lead to the development of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder, which affects the joints that connect the jawbone to the skull.” It is important to note that tooth grinding can be a subconscious habit, and some people may not know they are doing it. Therefore, it is essential to visit a dental professional if you suspect that you may be grinding your teeth, regardless of the severity, to determine the appropriate course of treatment and prevent further damage. How To Recognise Tooth Grinding Some signs can indicate that you have bruxism. These include: Worn, chipped, or cracked teeth Tooth sensitivity Jaw pain or soreness Headaches Earaches Tired or tight jaw muscles in the morning A clicking or popping sound when opening or closing your mouth How To Stop Tooth Grinding There are various ways to prevent and treat bruxism. Here are some tips: Reduce stress: Stress and anxiety are often the leading causes of tooth grinding. Learning relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises can help reduce stress levels and prevent bruxism. Get enough sleep: Lack of sleep can worsen tooth grinding. It is essential to get enough restful sleep every night. Wear a mouthguard: A mouthguard is a plastic device that covers your teeth, protecting them from grinding. It can be custom-made by your dentist or bought over the counter. Correct your bite: If an abnormal bite causes bruxism, orthodontic treatment may be necessary to correct it. Treat underlying medical conditions: In some cases, tooth grinding may be a symptom of an underlying medical condition, such as sleep apnea. Treating the underlying medical condition can often alleviate bruxism. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

August 2, 2023

HOW TO DISCARD OF EXPIRED OR UNUSED MEDICATIONS

I usually go through all my medications during National Pharmacy Month in September since that’s when I usually remember to do so. It’s also the month I make time to reorganise my drug cupboard. However, this year I have seen many of you start off the new year by decluttering your homes and doing a little bit of “spring cleaning”.

August 1, 2023

THE FIRST SIGNS OF LABOUR

If you’re expecting your first baby you’ve probably read up a little (or a lot) on pregnancy and birth process. Labour is something you’ve probably wondered about and seeing as every pregnancy is different, many moms experience different labour signs. However, there are a few tell-tale signs to look out for that you are about to meet your new baby soon. What to look (or feel) out for You may be worried that you won’t distinguish normal late pregnancy signs from the fact that you’ve started labour. Luckily your due date should give you an indication of when you could expect your baby to arrive, but this won’t always be the case. Here are some indicators that your baby is on the way. One of the more obvious signs of labour beginning is regular contractions. This will be different to the Braxton Hicks contractions you may have been experiencing leading up to this point. Labour contractions are longer, stronger and more frequent – when they come every 5 minutes you should call your doctor or midwife. Another sign your baby is on her way is your cervix dilating or beginning to open. This can start happening in the days or weeks before you deliver. Your baby will also move down into your pelvis during this time – which is known as your baby dropping. When your labour begins, the mucus plug which seals your cervix opening comes away. This jelly-like pink mucus is known as a show, and you may notice it when it passes out your vagina. Lower back pain, diarrhoea and looser feeling joints are all other signs that your labour may be starting. Another sign is your water breaking, this can happen in a gush but a trickle is more likely, most moms-to-be go into labour within 24 hours of their water breaking. Be sure to keep your birth partner in the loop about how you are feeling mentally and physically around the time of your birth. If you are at all worried about your baby or experience anything abnormal be sure to let your doctor know as soon as possible.

August 1, 2023

How much should you be feeding your toddler?

Nutrition is one of the most important things to get right when your child starts eating.

August 1, 2023

NAVIGATING THE ERA OF INTERNET HEALTH CARE

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, delves into the pros and cons of internet health care, explores the signs and symptoms of internet abuse and its impact on overall health, provides available treatments, and highlights the need for balanced Internet use. “The digital age has transformed many aspects of our lives, including healthcare. Internet health care, the provision of medical information and services through online platforms, offers convenience and accessibility,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “However, it also presents potential challenges and risks. understanding the potential effects, individuals can make informed choices for their well-being in the digital realm.” Pros of Internet Health Care Accessibility: The internet enables individuals to access health information, resources, and telemedicine services from the comfort of their homes, bridging geographical barriers and promoting health equity. Convenience and Time-Saving: Internet health care provides convenient access to virtual doctor consultations, appointment scheduling, and prescription refills, saving time and reducing the need for physical visits to healthcare facilities. Health Education: Online platforms offer a wealth of health information, empowering individuals to learn about preventive measures, chronic condition management, and lifestyle modifications. Peer Support and Community: Internet health care connects individuals with similar health concerns through online communities, fostering support, empathy, and the exchange of experiences and coping strategies. Cons of Internet Health Care Misinformation and Inaccurate Advice: The vast amount of health information available online makes it challenging to discern reliable sources, leading to potential misinformation and incorrect self-diagnosis or treatment. Lack of Personalised Care: Virtual consultations may not provide the same level of personal interaction and physical examinations as in-person visits, potentially compromising accurate diagnosis and treatment plans. Privacy and Security Risks: Sharing personal health information online carries inherent privacy and security risks, raising concerns about data breaches and unauthorised access to sensitive medical data. Digital Divide: Not everyone has equal access to the internet and digital devices, which may exacerbate health inequalities and limit the benefits of internet health care for certain populations. Signs and Symptoms of Internet Abuse and Decline of Health Excessive reliance on the internet for health-related matters can lead to negative consequences. Signs and symptoms of internet abuse and its impact on health include: Cyberchondria: Excessive online health-related searches and hypervigilance about symptoms, leading to anxiety, self-diagnosis, and unnecessary medical investigations. Social Isolation: Excessive time spent online may result in neglecting real-life relationships and social interactions, leading to loneliness and isolation. Sedentary Lifestyle: Engaging in excessive screen time can contribute to a sedentary lifestyle, leading to weight gain, poor posture, and musculoskeletal problems. Poor Mental Health: Online harassment, cyberbullying, and exposure to triggering content can adversely affect mental well-being, contributing to stress, anxiety, and depression. Treatment and Management If internet abuse begins to impact an individual’s health, several steps can be taken: Digital Detox: Set boundaries and allocate dedicated time away from screens to engage in offline activities, socialise, and prioritise self-care. Healthy Internet Habits: Practice critical evaluation of online information, seek reputable sources, and engage in positive online communities that promote support and well-being. Professional Support: Seek help from mental health professionals if internet abuse leads to mental health concerns, such as anxiety, depression, or addiction. Worldwide Stats on Internet Usage and Health Internet usage and its impact on health are significant global concerns. According to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), as of 2021, around 59% of the global population has access to the internet. However, the specific statistics on internet health care usage and its effects on health are still emerging and require further research and analysis. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading provider of health insurance, offering you a range of options at affordable rates including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, your budget, and your lifestyle. Our range of healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service at all times. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

July 31, 2023

DRINKING COULD SEND YOU TO AN EARLY GRAVE

Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, explores the devastating impact alcohol can have on your health. Alcohol consumption is responsible for nearly 3 million fatalities each year, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). This figure accounts for 5.3% of all deaths worldwide. Focussing specifically on South Africa, research conducted in 2018 by the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) revealed an estimated 5 to 6 million South Africans suffer from alcohol addiction or abuse. This accounts for 10% to 12% of the population. Aside from the immediate dangers of alcohol intake, such as impaired judgement and an increased chance of accidents, the long-term consequences of alcohol on the body are severe and can be lethal. Raise a Glass to Your Health? Here are just a few of the devastating consequences alcohol can have on your body: Liver Damage When you consume alcohol, it is absorbed into your bloodstream through the walls of your stomach and small intestine. From there, it travels to your liver, which works to break down the alcohol into less toxic substances and remove it from your body. As alcohol is metabolised in the liver, it produces a toxic substance called acetaldehyde, which can cause damage to the liver and lead to illnesses such as cirrhosis, a potentially fatal disease that can result in liver failure. Cancers Alcohol intake increases the risk of getting liver, breast, and colon cancers. Even moderate alcohol intake, according to the American Cancer Society, can raise a woman’s risk of developing breast cancer. Cardiovascular Illness Heavy alcohol use is also linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. According to the American Heart Association, excessive alcohol intake can result in high blood pressure, heart failure, and stroke. Diabetes Alcohol intake might raise the risk of acquiring type 2 diabetes. This chronic illness can cause a variety of health concerns. Reduced Brain Activity Alcohol is also a central nervous system depressant. It can slow down brain activity and affect mood, thinking, and behaviour. Initially, alcohol can produce feelings of relaxation and euphoria. As you continue to drink, it can lead to impaired judgment, slurred speech, and difficulty with balance and coordination. Mental Well-being Heavy drinking can increase the likelihood of developing depression and anxiety and intensify symptoms in people with these problems. Alcohol intake is also frequently associated with domestic violence and interpersonal aggression. 5 Alcohol Addiction Symptoms Alcohol addiction, also known as alcoholism, is a complex disease that can develop over time and be difficult to recognise. Many people with alcohol addiction may try to hide or deny their symptoms. However, understanding the signs and symptoms of alcohol addiction is crucial for seeking help and beginning the road to recovery. Drinking despite negative consequences: If someone continues to drink even though they know that it is causing problems in their personal or professional life, such as relationship problems, work issues, or legal troubles, this can be a sign of alcohol addiction. Cravings and loss of control: A strong desire or urge to drink, or feeling like you cannot stop drinking once you start, can be a sign of alcohol addiction. This can lead to binge drinking or drinking to the point of blacking out. Withdrawal symptoms: When someone stops drinking or reduces their alcohol consumption, they may experience withdrawal symptoms such as shaking, sweating, nausea, or anxiety. This can be a sign of physical alcohol dependence. Tolerance: Over time, someone with an alcohol addiction may need to drink more alcohol to achieve the same effects as before. This can lead to an increased risk of health problems and more severe withdrawal symptoms. Loss of interest in other activities: Someone with alcohol addiction may begin to prioritise drinking over other activities that they used to enjoy, such as hobbies, socialising with friends, or spending time with family. This can signify a more significant problem and may indicate the need for professional help. How To Reduce Alcohol Consumption There are many strategies that individuals can use to reduce their alcohol consumption. These include setting limits on the amount of alcohol consumed, avoiding binge drinking, and seeking help if necessary. “Alcohol abuse and addiction are significant issues in South Africa, with several factors contributing to the problem. These include a high poverty level, high stress and trauma, and the easy availability of alcohol,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “If you are struggling with alcohol addiction or abuse, it is important to seek professional help before alcohol negatively affects your health.” About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

July 31, 2023

Webinar – Gestational Diabetes

In this antenatal class, Sr Talia explains what Gestational Diabetes is, what the symptoms are and how to manage it.

July 28, 2023

One bowl suppers for hungry toddlers

These one bowl meals will be gobbled up by your toddler and are packed full of natural goodness. As busy parents we don’t always have time to prepare an elaborate meal at the end of a non-stop day, but we do want to make sure that our little ones are getting all the goodness they need to grow big and strong. These one bowl meals are a simple solution and freeze well, so you can make ahead and freeze in portion sizes for grab-and-heat meals. Serve with a box of Squish 100% Pressed Fruit Juice – they are preservative free and have no added sugar – and that’s it, supper sorted! BUTTERNUT AND CARROT MASHED POTATO This is hearty enough as a meal all on its own, but if you have leftover chicken or tuna in the fridge you can add it into the mix for added flavour and protein. Ingredients 1 cup mashed potato 1 x 110 ml Squish 100% Butternut + Carrot Puree Optional: Steamed tenderstem broccoli for dipping Method Heat mash in microwave and stir through Squish Puree. Steam broccoli and serve alongside mash as dippers. CHICKEN AND SWEET POTATO RISOTTO This tasty risotto includes Squish 100% Pear + Sweet Potato Puree. Sweet potato contains beta carotene and vitamin C which helps keep the immune system strong. Squish 100% Fruit and Veg Purees are a smart choice for your growing child – they are made with fresh fruit and vegetables and are free of nasties like colourants, flavourants and preservatives, and have no added sugar. This recipe makes 4-6 portions which means you can freeze the leftovers for super-easy suppers when time is short. Ingredients 2.5 ml (½ tsp) butter 65 ml (¼ cup) risotto rice 375 ml (1½ cup) vegetable stock, warmed 1 chicken breast, steamed and shredded 1 x 110 ml pouch Squish 100% Pear + Sweet Potato Puree Method Melt butter in a small saucepan. Add the risotto rice and stir to coat all the grains. Add 65 ml (¼ cup) of stock and stir gently until the liquid is absorbed by the rice. Continue cooking and stirring, adding one measure of stock at a time until the rice is tender. Stir in the shredded chicken and Squish Puree then remove from heat. Veggie Mac and Cheese Everyone loves mac and cheese! We’ve sneaked in a healthy dose of veg making it even more delicious and packed full of natural goodness. This recipe includes Squish 100% Butternut + Carrot Puree, but you can switch it up by trying a different flavour like Mixed Vegetable or Apple, Sweet Potato + Sweetcorn. Ingredients 1 x 110 ml Squish 100% Butternut + Carrot Puree 250 ml (1 cup) milk Salt and freshly cracked black pepper 250 ml (1 cup) cooked macaroni pasta, drained 125 ml (½ cup) cheddar cheese 65 ml (¼ cup) cream cheese 1 ml (¼ tsp) ground nutmeg 65 ml (¼ cup) breadcrumbs 15 ml (1 Tbsp) butter Method Cook the pasta according to the package instructions. Mix the Squish Puree and milk together, then add the drained pasta. Add the cheddar and cream cheeses and stir well to combine. Season to taste with salt, pepper and nutmeg. Spoon into ramekins, top with breadcrumbs and a dot of butter. Bake in an oven pre-heated to 180°C for 20 minutes or until lightly golden and crisp. Allow to cool slightly before serving.

July 27, 2023

10 WAYS TO BEAT LONELINESS

As a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, Affinity Health understands the importance of mental health and the impact that loneliness can have on overall well-being. However, by trying new things, connecting with others, and caring for yourself, you can beat loneliness and improve your overall well-being. What Is Loneliness? Loneliness is generally considered an emotion, although it can also be described as a “state of mind” or a “subjective experience”. Emotions are complex psychological responses to external or internal stimuli, and they often involve changes in feelings, thoughts, and physiological responses. While there is limited data on the prevalence of loneliness in South Africa, studies have suggested that it is a shared experience. According to the 2021 South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) survey, around 70% of respondents reported feeling lonely, with women more likely to report loneliness than men. What Causes Loneliness? Various factors, including the following, can cause loneliness. Social isolation: When people lack social connections or are physically isolated from others, they may experience loneliness. The COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns (including remote work environments) contributed to increased feelings of loneliness and isolation. Loss: The loss of a loved one or a significant change in a person’s life, such as a divorce or a move to a new place, can trigger feelings of loneliness. Mental health conditions: Mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder can cause a person to feel disconnected from others and isolated. Lack of meaningful relationships: When people feel that their relationships lack depth or meaning, they may experience loneliness. Stigma: Social stigma or discrimination can make it difficult for a person to connect with others and may cause them to feel isolated and alone. Personality traits: Some people may be more prone to loneliness due to personality traits, such as introversion or shyness. “Loneliness is a common experience that can affect anyone, regardless of age or background. However, it’s important to know that there are effective ways to beat loneliness and improve mental health,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. 10 Practical Ways to Beat Loneliness #1 Join A Club or Organisation Joining a club or organisation that aligns with your interests is a great way to meet new people and make friends. It could be a book club, sports team, or volunteer group. Participating in group activities can help you feel connected and engaged, reducing feelings of loneliness. #2 Try New Things Trying new things can be scary, but it can also be rewarding. When you try something new, you challenge yourself to step out of your comfort zone and learn something new. You could try a new hobby, travel to a new place, or even take a new class. #3 Connect with Others: Social media and online communities can be a great way to connect with people with similar interests. You could join an online forum or group, connect with old friends on social media, or even start a blog to share your experiences. #4 Get a Pet Pets can be great companions and help reduce feelings of loneliness. They offer unconditional love and can be a great source of comfort. Consider volunteering at a local animal shelter if you cannot have a pet. #5 Attend Social Events Attend social events such as parties, gatherings, or community events. It could be a concert, art exhibit, or cooking class. Social events can help you meet new people and expand your social circle. #6 Exercise Exercise is not only good for your physical health, but it can also be good for your mental health. Physical activity releases endorphins, which can help improve your mood and reduce feelings of loneliness. #7 Reach Out to Friends and Family Don’t be afraid to reach out to friends and family for support. Even if they are not physically close, you can still connect with them through phone calls, video chats, or text messages. #8 Volunteer Volunteering is a great way to give back to your community and meet new people. You could volunteer at a local shelter, hospital, or charity. #9 Seek Professional Help If you are struggling with feelings of loneliness or depression, consider seeking professional help. A therapist or counsellor can help you work through your feelings and develop coping strategies. #10 Practice Self-care Taking care of yourself is essential for mental and physical well-being. Ensure you get enough sleep, eat well, and engage in activities you enjoy. Practising self-care can help you feel more confident and fulfilled, reducing feelings of loneliness. “Loneliness can be a challenging emotion to face, but it’s important to remember that it’s a universal experience,” adds Hewlett. “It’s okay to feel lonely occasionally, and it doesn’t mean you’re alone forever. In fact, loneliness can be a catalyst for personal growth and self-discovery. It can inspire you to try new things, connect with new people, and ultimately lead you to a more fulfilling life.” About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

July 25, 2023

Webinar – Caesarean Birth and Recovery

In this webinar, Sr Ingrid Groenewald explains the process of a Caesarean Birth and the recovery process thereafter.

July 21, 2023

HOW TO RECOGNISE AN ANXIETY ATTACK

According to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, anxiety is a standard and sometimes even beneficial emotion that helps us deal with stress and danger. However, when anxiety becomes excessive or irrational, it can become a debilitating condition affecting a person’s daily life. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), anxiety disorders are the most common mental health condition globally, affecting approximately 275 million people. Anxiety attacks, a condition characterised by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, affect an estimated 2-3% of the global population. However, due to cultural and language differences, mental health stigma, and inadequate mental health resources, anxiety disorders and anxiety attacks (otherwise known as panic attacks) are often underreported and undertreated worldwide. “Anxiety attacks are sudden and intense episodes of fear and panic that can last from a few minutes to several hours,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “During an anxiety attack, a person may experience physical, emotional, and cognitive symptoms that can be overwhelming and frightening. The symptoms of an anxiety attack can vary from person to person, but some common signs can help you recognise an anxiety attack.” Physical Symptoms of an Anxiety Attack Physical symptoms are among the most common signs of an anxiety attack. These symptoms can include the following. Rapid heartbeat or palpitations Chest pain or discomfort Shortness of breath or hyperventilation Sweating or chills Nausea or abdominal distress Dizziness or light-headedness Trembling or shaking Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet Muscle tension or aches These physical symptoms can be so severe that people may think they are having a heart attack, which can further increase their anxiety and panic. Emotional Symptoms of an Anxiety Attack Emotional symptoms are another common sign of an anxiety attack. These symptoms can include the following. Intense fear or terror Feelings of impending doom or danger Extreme nervousness or apprehension Restlessness or agitation Irritability or anger A sense of being disconnected from reality Feeling like you’re losing control or going crazy A solid urge to escape or flee the situation These emotional symptoms can be distressing. They may lead to further anxiety and panic. Cognitive Symptoms of an Anxiety Attack Cognitive symptoms are the third most common sign of an anxiety attack. These symptoms can include: Racing or intrusive thoughts Obsessive or compulsive behaviour Difficulty concentrating or focusing Memory problems or forgetfulness Confusion or disorientation A distorted sense of time or space Negative self-talk or self-doubt Catastrophic thinking or overestimating the severity of the situation These cognitive symptoms can make it difficult to function and may lead to a sense of hopelessness or despair. Anxiety Attack Triggers Anxiety attacks can occur suddenly and without warning, but specific situations or events can also trigger them. Common triggers include: Social problems, such as public speaking or meeting new people Specific phobias, such as flying or heights Traumatic events, such as accidents or violence Stressful life events, such as divorce or job loss Health problems, such as chronic pain or illness Substance abuse or withdrawal Hormonal changes, such as during menstruation or menopause Identifying the triggers of an anxiety attack can help you avoid or prepare for future episodes. Duration and Intensity of an Anxiety Attack Anxiety attacks can last from a few minutes to several hours, and their intensity can vary from mild to severe. Mild anxiety attacks may cause only a few physical or emotional symptoms, while severe anxiety attacks can cause intense and debilitating symptoms that may require medical attention. The duration and intensity of an anxiety attack can also vary from person to person and can depend on the individual’s overall health, stress level, and coping skills. Recurrence of an Anxiety Attack Anxiety attacks can be a one-time event or a recurring problem. People who experience recurring anxiety attacks may have an anxiety disorder, such as panic disorder or generalised anxiety disorder. These disorders can cause significant distress and may require professional treatment. The Aftermath of an Anxiety Attack People may experience various feelings and behaviours after an anxiety attack. Some common aftermath symptoms include the following. Exhaustion or fatigue Headaches or migraines Aches and pains Gastrointestinal problems, such as diarrhoea or constipation Increased sensitivity to stress or anxiety triggers Avoidance behaviours, such as avoiding places or situations that may trigger anxiety attacks Changes in sleep patterns, such as insomnia or excessive sleeping Difficulty concentrating or focusing Feelings of shame, embarrassment, or guilt These aftermath symptoms can be distressing and may increase the risk of future anxiety attacks. “Anxiety attacks can be a frightening and overwhelming experience. However, recognising the signs and symptoms of an anxiety attack can help you take steps to manage your anxiety and prevent future episodes,” adds Hewlett. “If you experience anxiety attacks, seeking professional help from a mental health provider who can offer you effective treatment and support is important. Remember that anxiety is a treatable condition, and with the right treatment and support, you can overcome your anxiety and lead a fulfilling life.” About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

July 18, 2023

Meal prep for busy families

Who knew that being a mom or dad meant you would have to come up with delicious meals every day for the rest of your days? Dinner time can be very stressful, yet it can be super easy if you are prepared and organised. What do we know about children’s nutrition? A balanced diet consisting of fruit, vegetables, protein, and grains is the best way. That means that if planned right, you never have to feel guilty by pulling out a pizza from the freezer because your child eats healthy food most nights and days. Here are the steps to weekly meal preparation: Plan a menu It is important to choose things that your family likes. For example, if Spaghetti Bolognaise is a hit, make a batch enough for 3-4 meals. Planning the menu will also ensure that you can shop for the right ingredients so that you don’t have to stop at the shop every couple of days and save money in the long run. Ensure that you have enough containers This is a once-off purchase that you can use time and time again—choosing containers that are freezer friendly. Portion out your meals Make sure that you can take out your meals, and they feed your family with just enough. You will only be able to reheat food that has yet to be reheated. Variety Children love variety, though they don’t mind having the same or similar foods on a specific day. For example, Mondays could be beef day, Tuesdays could be chicken days, and Fridays could be pizza day. While they love variety, they also love predictability. Get the children to help. Children love to assist in the kitchen. They can do age-appropriate chores like mashing potatoes or mixing ingredients. This is a great way to teach your child about healthy eating habits and allow them some bonding time with you. Remember to have fun! Dinner times can often be a time of stress and anxiety, let’s choose to create great memories for our children.

July 18, 2023

Putting together your birth plan

As you enter your third trimester you’ll have probably done a fair bit of research on the birth process (if this is your first) and may have a good idea of what you want before, during and after delivery. There are many options and opinions, from whether or not you want pain medication to how many people you would like supporting you. However, trying to keep track of your choices during labour may be tricky, which is why you’d put together a birth plan. So what exactly is it and how do you put one together? Why should I put together a birth plan? Your birth plan is your choices or preferences before, during and after labour and delivery. While things may not always go according to plan, having your preferences written down and communicated means you, your midwives and doctor have a more mutual understanding. However, if your pregnancy doesn’t go accordingly, you need to be prepared to make adjustments on the day. What should be in my birth plan? Your birth plan is how you’d like everything would go in the best-case scenario. Your birth plan will also have to take into consideration what is available at the hospital or place where you are giving birth. Some birth plans are very basic, just outlining a simple overview, whereas others may be far more detailed and in-depth. The choice is yours. Typically a birth plan will include before, during and after labour and birth preferences. Such as who you want to assist you during birth, whether or not you want any pain medication, you birthing positions, and requests for newborn care, such as skin-to-skin time. How can I learn more about the birth process? If you feel like you need to top up your birthing knowledge before putting together a plan they are a few ways you can go about this. Joining antenatal classes are a good way to learn more and to meet other women in your position. Chatting to friends or family who has been through the birthing process themselves is another good way to see what would work best for you. If you and your partner are having a baby together, keep them in the loop as well. Find out what they expect during labour and you can chat about what you want, and what role you see them playing in the process.

July 17, 2023

DOES DAYCARE BUILD YOUR BABY’S IMMUNE SYSTEM?

You’ve probably heard that children who attend daycare get sick more frequently, but according to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, there is a silver lining to sniffles and colds. “Exposing your child to more children at a young age helps your child develop better immunity,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “A baby’s immune system is immature at birth. Your baby does have some natural immunity, thanks to antibodies they were exposed to in utero. Breastfed babies benefit from antibodies in their mother’s milk as well. However, when a baby is exposed to bacteria and viruses in the environment, its immune system begins to strengthen. Yes, these pathogens can sometimes make your baby sick, but they also stimulate the production of natural antibodies, allowing them to fight off infections more effectively in the future. That means that children exposed to more germs at a young age will have stronger immune systems by the time they start school.” What Research Suggests The idea that children in daycare get sick more frequently when they’re young but benefit from improved immunity later in life isn’t just a theory; there’s plenty of research to back it up. For example, a Canadian study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that children who began group child care before the age of two and a half had fewer respiratory and ear infections between the ages of five and eight than those who had not been in daycare. According to University of Arizona College of Medicine researchers, the protection may last even longer. Children who had attended daycare as toddlers had fewer colds up to the age of 13 in their study. According to a study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, daycare may also reduce a child’s risk of developing asthma. Researchers discovered that children predisposed to the condition due to their mothers’ asthma or allergies had lower IgE antibodies (an indicator of allergic sensitivity) when they attended daycare. Interestingly, there is also a link between group care and a lower risk of leukaemia, although the reason for this is unclear. Good to know: Despite these benefits, parents may want to wait until their child is three months old before enrolling in daycare. Contagious infections that are normally minor in adults can be much more serious in newborns, and your child may need to be hospitalised if they develop a fever of above 38 degrees Celcius or higher before the age of three months. How To Naturally Boost Your Child’s Immune System While research supports the hypothesis that immunity acquired in daycare protects a child from colds later in life, no parent wants their child to be sick. As such, Affinity Health offers these top tips to boost your child’s immune system: Probiotics Probiotics aid in immune system regulation by balancing the good bacteria (flora) in the stomach. These “beneficial” microorganisms may help to reduce the risk of diarrhoea and respiratory infections. Serve your child live-cultured products like organic yoghurt and Gouda or cottage cheese. Nutrition A healthy immune system is built on a nutritious diet. Ensure your child eats a healthy diet and avoid serving processed foods containing chemicals and toxins that compromise their ability to fight illness and stay healthy. If your child has food allergies or requires a special diet, consult a nutritionist or paediatrician. Increase Their Uptake Of Vitamin C Almost all citrus fruits are high in vitamin C, and with so many options, adding more Vitamin C into your child’s diet is simple. Good sources of Vitamin C that most children enjoy include oranges, strawberries, blackcurrants, kiwifruit, potatoes, green peas, and tomatoes. Encourage Your Child To Exercise Physical activity may aid in the removal of bacteria from the lungs and airways. This may lower your child’s chances of contracting a cold, flu, or other airborne illness. Ensure Your Child Gets Adequate Sleep If your child is 12 or younger and gets less than 10 hours of sleep per night, or if your tween or teen gets less than eight and a half hours, they are at risk of having a weakened immune system. Make good sleeping habits a priority in your household. Allow Your Children To Be Kids, Get Dirty Outside, And Play With Friends Not all germs and bacteria are harmful to your child’s health. Exposing children to the everyday microbes found outside in nature – including dirt – can help a child develop a strong, healthy immune system.

July 17, 2023

Webinar – Post Birth Care for Moms

In today’s webinar, Sr Ingrid reminds Mom’s that’s it’s important to look after yourself post birth. What you can experience post birth and how to deal with the body changes, bleeding and uterus contractions.

July 14, 2023

#SundayLunchSorted A perfect pie and a good lager too!!

Mushroom Leek and Lager Pie for the perfect Sunday family Lunch! Mushroom, Leek & Lager Beef Pie Recipe and image credit: The South African Mushroom Farmers’ Association Serves 6 Ingredients: 1 kg beef chuck, cut into 2.5 cm chunks 4 leeks, washed very well and sliced 2 stalks celery, finely sliced 2 carrots, finely sliced 4 garlic cloves, minced ⅓ cup flour 300ml lager 2 cups / 500ml beef stock Handful fresh thyme sprigs 2 bay leaves 500g thickly sliced Button or Portabellini mushrooms 1 – 2 sheets puff pastry (enough to cover pie) 1 egg, beaten Salt and pepper, to taste Olive oil Method: Season beef with salt and pepper. Heat a drizzle of oil in a large heavy based pot. Add the beef and brown all over. Cook in batches to avoid the beef sweating. Set aside. Turn heat down to medium and add a fresh drizzle of olive oil. Add leeks, celery, carrots and garlic. Cook until softened and sweet. Add flour and stir through coating all the vegetables. Add beer, beef stock, thyme and bay leaves and stir to mix well. Bring to simmer and then cover. Reduce heat to low and allow to cook for 2 hours until the beef if tender. Remove the lid and allow sauce to reduce until thickened. Add mushrooms and mix them in to evenly distribute. Taste and adjust seasoning. Preheat oven to 200˚C. Pour pie filling into a pie/ baking dish. (Roughly 25 x 20 x 4.5 cm) Top with puff pastry. Cut out a few steam holes. Brush with egg wash and bake for 30-40 minutes until the pastry is deeply golden brown and cooked through.

July 14, 2023

WHEN AND WHY PREGNANCY ULTRASOUNDS ARE DONE

According to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, pregnancy ultrasounds are an essential part of prenatal care that can provide valuable information about the health and development of the foetus. What is a Pregnancy Ultrasound? From the first glimpse of a tiny heartbeat to the detailed images of a fully-formed little human, ultrasound technology offers a window into pregnancy’s mysterious and wondrous world. Each ultrasound provides expectant parents a unique opportunity to connect with their babies, see their features taking shape, and witness the incredible miracle of life unfolding. How Do Pregnancy Ultrasounds Work? A pregnancy ultrasound is a non-invasive diagnostic test that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of the developing foetus in the uterus. It allows healthcare professionals to monitor your unborn baby’s growth and development, assess the pregnancy’s health, and detect potential risks or abnormalities. When are Pregnancy Ultrasounds Done? Pregnancy ultrasounds are typically done at different points throughout the pregnancy, depending on the mother’s and the foetus’ medical needs. The most common times for ultrasounds are the following. First Trimester A first-trimester ultrasound is usually done between 6-12 weeks to confirm the pregnancy, determine whether you have more than one baby growing inside you, and assess the foetus’s gestational age. This ultrasound can also detect any abnormalities or potential risks to the pregnancy, such as ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage. Second Trimester A second-trimester ultrasound is usually done between 18-22 weeks of pregnancy to check the development of the foetus, including its size, weight, and organ development, and detect structural abnormalities, such as heart defects or cleft lip/palate. Third Trimester A third-trimester ultrasound is usually done between 28-32 weeks of pregnancy to check the position of the foetus, which is essential for planning delivery, as well as access the placenta and the amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the foetus. In some cases, doctors may do additional ultrasounds in the case of a high-risk pregnancy. Benefits of Pregnancy Ultrasounds Pregnancy ultrasounds offer several benefits for both the mother and the baby, including: Early detection of potential problems Improved prenatal care Increased peace of mind Facilitating communication between the doctor and the expectant parents Detecting multiple pregnancies Providing a record of the pregnancy Good to know: To minimise the risks associated with pregnancy ultrasounds, it is crucial only to have ultrasounds when a healthcare provider recommends and to use qualified healthcare professionals who are trained in ultrasound techniques. Maternity Benefits from Affinity Affinity Health’s Maternity Benefits cover the costs of bringing new life into the world, ensuring that members can enjoy the most precious time without worrying about money. Members can access comprehensive maternity and postpartum benefits, including scans, blood tests, health advice, and guidance via Affinity’s Telehealth Call Centre (simply call 0861 11 00 33). The benefits are subject to policy types and Affinity Health rules, including coverage for hospitalisation, antenatal consultations, growth sonars, and pathology tests. Affinity Health also offers an all-inclusive birthing plan that provides members with access to gynaecologists, sonographers, social workers, psychologists, dieticians, and antenatal classes. With Affinity Health, new parents can rest easy knowing they have access to affordable and accessible healthcare products that protect them when it matters most. For more information on Affinity Health’s Maternity Benefits, click here. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

July 13, 2023

Bonitas 2022: Annual results show steady growth and industry-leading financials

Bonitas Medical Fund, in its 42nd year, announced its 2022 financial results today. The medical aid for South Africa, achieved a net surplus supported by positive membership growth, boosted reserves, an increased solvency ratio and a strong investment performance. ‘We know affordability pressures facing South Africans are overwhelming, which is why we strive to find the right balance between value for our members and long-term sustainability,’ says Luke Woodhouse, Chief Financial Officer. ‘To this end, we are pleased to report a record high R8,8 billion in member reserves at year end 2022. We are also thrilled to confirm that we have exceeded industry benchmarks, particularly for value creation, achieving a R1.78 return for each R1.00 spent on administration and managed care – 12% higher than the industry average of R1.59. ‘Bonitas outperformed all expectations in 2022, in terms of all key indicators and we are poised to continue on this positive trajectory. This performance speaks to the strategy we’ve put in place as well as the Scheme’s overarching aim to make quality healthcare more affordable and more accessible.’ Increases One of the key cost drivers in medical aid contributions is healthcare inflation, typically around 4% higher than CPI. Rising consumer price inflation (which impacts healthcare inflation) has exacerbated the ongoing challenge of medical schemes to remain affordable. We addressed healthcare inflation through two pillars of our strategy: Strategic purchasing and integration of the value chain. We were able to restrict the average increase in membership contributions for 2023 to 4.8%, compared to CPI of 7.2% as of December 2022. To demonstrate our commitment, we introduced our first contribution increase freeze, with increases only applied from April 1, 2023, to create some financial respite for our members. The number of principal members has exceeded 353 763, with 727 041 beneficiaries at an average age of 35.5. In a time when it is a challenge for schemes to acquire new members, Bonitas had a net membership growth of 4% with 47 446 gross membership acquisitions. This excludes the 14 585 acquired from the Nedgroup Medical Aid Scheme (NMAS) amalgamation – highlighting the attractiveness of the Bonitas offering and product range for corporates. We pride ourselves in providing one-on-one assistance to members and their beneficiaries, as well as access to care of the highest quality. To do so, we have partnered with best-in-class service providers. Testimony to this is being awarded a Titanium Award from the Board of Healthcare Funders (BHF) for ‘Operational Performance’ in May 2023 for the second year running. The award benchmarks industry excellence and rewards medical schemes, administrators and managed care organisations which provide best value and service to their members. Earlier this year, Bonitas was also named ‘Medical Scheme of the Year’ at the News24 Business inaugural awards. The Scheme was also voted South Africa’s number 1 medical aid in the Ask Afrika 2021/2022 Orange Index. Investment We achieved a 7.2% return on investment for member’s funds during a year which was marked by high volatility and uncertainty in the markets, both domestically and abroad. The investment portfolio value for 2022 reached R9.97 billion. As a medical scheme we don’t have shareholders or investors who receive dividends, we exist and spend our funds purely for the benefit of our members. Cost-saving initiatives The Scheme’s approach to realigning Managed Care initiatives, with a particular focus on hospital negotiations, resulted in a projected negotiated savings of R260 million. Strategic purchasing yielded a value of at least R441 million for our members. Optimising and aligning networks is a key strategy to managing costs. We regularly evaluate the quality of all service providers to ensure there is a reduced healthcare risk for Bonitas (and for our members). Amalgamations Our Board managed the successful amalgamation with NMAS which required close scrutiny of our governance and compliance. Fraud, Waste and Abuse (FWA) In 2022, Bonitas spent R49 million on its FWA programme with Medscheme and, for the first time we banked recoveries in excess of R55 million. Banked recoveries represent a small portion of the actual savings emanating from successful FWA detection and preventions, as service providers who engage in FWA are likely to continue doing so if they are not held to account. We estimate a saving of R1.1 billion from changed behaviour since the commencement of our FWA programme in 2016. Solvency levels Our solvency levels reached an all-time high of 41.3% – 16% above the legislated 25%. Our objective is to sustain solvency levels above 30% and to use our bolstered reserves to benefit our members. Hospital costs Hospital costs again dominated claims, reaching R6.9 billion (2021: R6.45 billion). Managed Care Active Disease Risk Management (ADRM) focusses on improving clinical outcomes, reducing admissions, readmissions and improving medicine adherence. The estimated value realisation of these interventions achieved savings in excess of R14 million. Value for money above industry average Deloitte conducted a Transactional and Relational Governance Review of years 2020 and 2021 with the results received in November 2022. The Review found that Bonitas obtained significant value for money from its primary contracted service providers. For every R1.00 spent on administration and Managed Care, Bonitas derived R1.78 for 2021, an increase of 19%, demonstrating substantial improvement year on year. Outlook for 2023 Our agile approach to the execution of our strategy is likely to stand us in good stead in 2023, as we expect further volatility in local and international markets and an increase in disease burden such as mental health. For our members, affordability and quality remains top of mind. Private medical aid shifted from being a grudge purchase to a necessary monthly budget item during COVID-19. However, Bonitas remains committed to deliver benefit enrichment for members, which we can do through our value-added offerings, healthy reserves and high solvency level. In terms of the NHI draft Bill, we have done extensive scenario planning to consider both best- and worst-case scenarios for Bonitas. We remain unequivocally in support of the principle of universal healthcare but believe that a collaborative and cohesive approach, between the

July 13, 2023

Load shedding – healthcare and chronic meds

Load shedding in South Africa has significant effects on both private and public healthcare. These are far-reaching and can have severe consequences for patients, medical facilities and healthcare professionals. So just what is the impact of load shedding on healthcare in South Africa? In the realm of healthcare, load shedding exacerbates the existing challenges faced by hospitals and clinics. Load shedding further strains infrastructure and compounds existing shortages, compromising patient care. New regulations allow larger public hospitals exemption from load shedding however, Eskom has warned that it would be technically impossible to isolate and exclude most healthcare facilities from load shedding. Dr Morgan Mkhatshwa, Clinical Executive of Bonitas Medical Fund says, ‘prolonged or frequent loss of basic services, including the lack of electricity, has been shown to have financial, psychological and physical implications.’ The importance of private healthcare was highlighted during the Covid-19 pandemic. ‘Medical aid changed from being a grudge purchase to an absolute necessity and, once again, this is being reinforced by the electricity crisis and load shedding,’ says Dr Mkhatshwa. ‘Apart from having access to private hospitals, which are predominately well equipped with generator banks and/or inverters, medical aids take every precaution to ensure other services are available at optimum levels and the highest quality.’ He says, ‘To ensure the delivery of cost-effective healthcare, we have a network of hospitals and clinicians with whom we have negotiated favourable rates to minimise co-payments for our members. All of these hospitals and clinician practices have put effective contingency plans in place to ensure they are able to generate sufficient back-up power for uninterrupted patient care.’ Provision of pharmaceuticals These include vaccines, insulin and certain antibiotics, which are sensitive to temperature fluctuations and require refrigeration/strict maintenance of the cold chain. During power outages, the lack of electricity can compromise the integrity and efficacy of these medications, rendering them ineffective or potentially harmful. This does not only pose a risk to patient health but also leads to financial losses as medications and vaccines may need to be discarded, due to compromised storage conditions. He says the provision of chronic medications is essential to ensure members are able to adhere to their medicine regime. The Fund ensures their Designated Service Providers are proactive in developing contingency plans to ensure an uninterrupted medicine supply to its members. This includes having generators and backups, double dispensing of medication to ensure chronic medication deliveries are doubled up and developing communication tools to inform and educate members about medication supply. ‘More than 80% of South Africans are reliant on public healthcare services at the approximately 420 state-run hospitals and more than 3 000 state-run clinics. While private facilities, secondary- and tertiary-level public hospitals appear to be well equipped with generator banks, smaller healthcare facilities including primary healthcare clinics, are often left in the dark,’ says Dr Mkhatshwa. ‘The cost of alternative sources of power can be substantial, with a private hospital group recently reporting an average monthly expenditure of R800k to run its generators. ‘The situation is not only unsustainable but is also putting the healthcare of our citizens at risk and, once again, it is the most vulnerable who are compromised the most.’ The original study by the University of the Witwatersrand’s Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences in 2019. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0256-95742019001200003

July 12, 2023

HOW LONG DOES A COLD LAST?

According to Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, the common cold, a prevalent respiratory illness, affects millions worldwide each year. “The common cold can be a disruptive and uncomfortable illness, but it’s crucial to remember that it is usually a self-limiting condition,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “By practising good hygiene, getting adequate rest, and using appropriate symptom-relieving measures, individuals can help minimise the impact of the cold on their daily lives.” What is a Cold? A cold, also referred to as an upper respiratory tract infection, is an illness caused by several different viruses. The most common type of virus responsible for colds is rhinovirus. However, other viruses, such as coronavirus and adenovirus, can also contribute to cold symptoms. When a person contracts a cold virus, it primarily affects the nose and throat, causing inflammation and irritation. The typical cold symptoms include a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, sore throat, cough, mild headache, and sometimes low-grade fever. These symptoms usually develop one to three days after exposure to the virus and can last for about a week. Colds are highly contagious and can quickly spread from person to person. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets released when an infected individual coughs, sneezes or talks. These droplets can be inhaled by people nearby, leading to infection. Additionally, the virus can spread indirectly by touching surfaces or objects contaminated with the virus and then touching the face, mouth, or nose. “It’s important to note that the common cold is different from the flu, which is caused by the influenza virus and typically presents with more severe symptoms,” adds Hewlett. “If you have concerns about your symptoms or if they worsen, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and guidance.” Prevalence in South Africa and Worldwide The common cold is a global health concern, and South Africa is no exception. The prevalence of colds in South Africa mirrors that of other countries, with a significant number of cases reported annually. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adults can expect to experience two to four colds annually, while children may experience even more. These figures highlight the widespread nature of the common cold and its impact on individuals of all ages. Duration Although cold symptoms can vary from person to person, they typically resolve within seven to 10 days. However, it is essential to note that certain factors, such as a weakened immune system or underlying health conditions, can prolong the duration of the illness. Treatment Options Unfortunately, there is no cure for the common cold, as viral infections cause it. Antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections and should not be used to treat colds unless a secondary bacterial infection is present. However, several management strategies can help alleviate symptoms and promote recovery. These include: Rest: Getting plenty of rest allows the body to divert energy towards fighting the infection. Hydration: Staying well-hydrated helps thin mucus secretions and prevents dehydration. Over-the-counter medications: Non-prescription cold remedies, such as decongestants and pain relievers, can temporarily relieve symptoms like congestion and sore throat. It is necessary to carefully follow the instructions and consult a healthcare professional if in doubt. Saline nasal rinses: Nasal saline rinses can help clear nasal passages and alleviate congestion. Warm fluids: Drinking warm liquids, such as herbal teas or broths, can soothe a sore throat and provide comfort. Steam inhalation: Inhaling steam from a bowl of hot water can help relieve congestion and ease breathing. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our range of healthcare products is designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

July 11, 2023

Beat thrush with probiotics: A secret weapon for optimal vaginal health

Thrush is a common vaginal infection caused by an overgrowth of yeast (a type of fungus).1a It can be uncomfortable and frustrating to deal with, but certain specific probiotics can be a secret weapon for optimal vaginal health. Signs and symptoms Symptoms of thrush include itching, soreness, and abnormal discharge. You might also experience pain during sexual intercourse or when urinating.1b Anyone can get thrush, but those who have weakened immune systems, are pregnant, or have uncontrolled diabetes may be more susceptible.1c Reuterina femme is a probiotic supplement that contains Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 and Lactobacillus rhamnoses GR-1. Reuterina femme has clinical evidence that: Is proven to work effectively in vaginal infections.3 Shows reduction in the incidences of recurring vaginal thrush infections.2 Reduces growth of infection causing bacteria and yeasts.3 Can be used with antibiotics to increase theireffectiveness.4 Incorporating Reuterina® femme into your daily routine can help you beat thrush and maintain a healthy vaginal microbiome. The Reuterina® family of probiotics are available from pharmacies nationwide. For more information, visit: https://reuterina.co.za/ and join the conversations on Instagram and Facebook. References and product legals available on request. S0 Reuterina (chew tablet). Each tablet contains a minimum of 100 million ( 1 x 10 8) live, freeze-dried colony forming units (CFU) Limosilactobacillus reuteri RC-14 and Limosilatobacillus rhamnosus GR-1. Applicant: Austell Pharmaceuticals (Pty) Ltd, 1 Sherborne Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa. Tel: 0860287835. www.austell.co.za . PMX: 1597_06/2023

July 11, 2023

Postpartum bleeding – what is normal?

Giving birth to your baby after 9 months can be a relieving, beautiful and exciting experience. Postpartum your body will still be going through adjustments for a while, and as you care for your new baby, you’ll need to remember to take care of yourself as well. Postpartum bleeding, also known as lochia, is normal after both vaginal and c-section births, however, it is best to know what is and isn’t common in post birth bleeding. Normal postpartum bleeding Lochia is similar to menstruation in the way in which it is made up of blood and tissue, it’s just heavier and longer lasting – it should stop between 4 and 6 weeks after giving birth. Initially, your bleeding will be heavy. This first phase of postpartum bleeding is known as lochia rubra and you’ll experience this in the first 3 to 4 days. Bleeding will be red to reddy brown and you may have small clots. In the next few days after birth your lochia will decrease in volume. Lochia serosa lasts 4 to 10 days and during this period your blood will darken in colour and become more watery. Blood clots should get smaller and disappear. Finally you’ll experience lochia alba, which usually lasts about another 1 to 2 weeks, but can be up to 28 days. Discharge will be yellowy white in colour, you may see pinkish or brown stains on some days. There should be no smell other than what you would experience during a normal period – a strong odor can be a sign of an infection. When to reach out to your doctor Even though lochia is normal, if you are bleeding heavily this can indicate that you have a postpartum haemorrhage. If your bleeding is heavy a week after birth, you experience fever or chills, a tender abdomen or foul-smelling discharge, you’ll need to seek medical assistance.

July 10, 2023

MAKING SENSE OF OVER-THE-COUNTER COLD AND FLU MEDICATION

More people are choosing to self-medicate colds and flu than ever before, but with literally hundreds of over-the-counter (OTC) remedies available inside a pharmacy, how do you know which one(s) to buy? Marli Botha, OTC Product Manager at Pharma Dynamics, says there are more than 200 different colds and flu medicine brands available today, which can make choosing the right treatment onerous. “While self-medicating can save you time and money, few consumers are familiar with the active ingredients in medicines and how they could potentially interact with one another. For example, taking a nasal decongestant when you have high blood pressure may cause an unwanted reaction. If you do you have an underlying condition and/or are on chronic medication, then it’s always best to check with the pharmacist or your doctor regarding the risk of a drug interaction – even when it comes to natural or herbal treatments.” She says when you’re suffering from a cough and/or runny nose, it’s important to know whether you have a cold or flu as they often require different treatment. “A cold usually comes on gradually, over the course of a day or two. Symptoms typically include tiredness, sneezing, a runny or stuffy nose and coughing. You might not have a fever, but when you do, it’s likely to only be slightly higher than normal. Colds usually last three to four days, but can linger for up to two weeks. “In contrast, the flu, comes on suddenly and hits hard. You will feel weak and tired, and could run a fever as high as 40°C. You’ll experience aching muscles and are likely to feel cold the one minute and hot the next. The flu is often accompanied by a pounding headache and sore throat. A fever may last three to five days, but you could feel weak and tired for two to three weeks.” While most people will recover from a cold relatively quickly, the flu can lead to serious complications in those with suppressed immune systems, such as the elderly, children or those suffering from a chronic condition, which is why these populations should consult a doctor if symptoms persist after one week. She says if you have a runny nose and sore throat, medications that include an ingredient to control coughs should be avoided. “Consumers need to make sure they choose medication that treat only the symptoms they have and that they are not taking medications they don’t need. The best way to make sure that you choose the appropriate OTC medication to treat a cold or flu is to understand the different active ingredients and the symptoms they treat.” There are six major active ingredient categories related to colds and flu symptom relief. These are: Analgesics relieve pain and discomfort. Decongestants provide short-term relief for a blocked or stuffy nose. They work by reducing the swelling of the blood vessels in your nose, which helps to open up the airways. This relieves the feeling of pressure and allows you to breathe more easily through your nose. Cough suppressants will help control a persistent, dry cough by acting on the body’s cough reflex. The cough reflex is the body’s way of getting rid of secretions in the airways and lungs. However, in some cases, coughing can be excessive and exacerbate symptoms. Mucoactive agents work best if you have a wet cough and will help clear mucus or sputum from the upper and lower airways, including the lungs, bronchi and trachea. Mucoactives include expectorants, mucolytics, mucoregulators and mucokinetics. Bronchodilators relieve coughs by widening the air passages, increasing the airflow. Antihistamines block histamine and is commonly used to treat allergy symptoms. “Medications that treat more than one symptom, often referred to as combination medicines, can also be taken to relieve symptoms. “For a sore throat try sucking lozenges – most of them are pleasantly flavoured and contain glycerine to lubricate the throat, while others are medicated. Another option would be throat sprays containing local anaesthetics and anti-inflammatory ingredients. “To relieve mild or moderate pain, such as headaches or to reduce fevers take paracetamol. “When you’re down with a cold or flu, your body needs plenty of rest and regular fluid intake. Keep in mind that viruses cause colds and flu, therefore antibiotics won’t work. Taking unnecessary antibiotics promotes antibiotic resistance, which makes bacterial infections harder to treat than those caused by non-resistant bacteria.” Botha says having a basic understanding of the types of ingredients contained in colds and flu medications can help consumers make more informed choices, but she cautions, when in doubt, ask your pharmacist or doctor for advice.

July 7, 2023

When It Comes To Pain And Fever Care With Your Infant This Winter, Accurate Dosage Is Key

When caring for your infant’s health, accuracy is crucial. This is particularly true when it comes to administering medication for pain and fever relief. Parents want to be confident this Winter, that they are providing their little ones with the proper amount of medication, without the risk of under or over-dosing.1 That’s where the easy dosage control dropper that comes with Panado® Infant Drops2 can be a great help and convenience. The dropper that accompanies the Panado® Infant Drops is specially designed to make dosing easy and accurate. It’s marked with precise measurements that help parents to ensure that they are providing the correct amount of medication, based on the weight and age of their child. This is especially important when treating infants, as their bodies are much smaller and more delicate than those of older children and adults. The medication is specifically designed to be administered in small doses, making it easier to get the dosage just right. The dropper that comes with the medication is also designed to be easy to use and accurate, making sure that you can give your baby the correct amount of medication every time. Panado® provides trusted5 pain and fever relief, making this Winter so much easier to navigate. Other Panado® Products Suitable For Your Child In addition to Panado® Infant Drops 20 ml, Panado’s range for children includes Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Strawberry (50 ml | 100 ml),3 Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint Alcohol and Sugar-Free (50 ml | 100 ml),4 and Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint 5 ml Sachets. Make pain and fever care easy by shopping for Panado® products from independent pharmacies and selected Clicks, Dis-Chem, and Pick ‘n Pay stores. For more information, visit https://panado.co.za/ and join the conversations on Facebook. 2023050910278212 References: Kids Health. Medicines: Using Them Safely. Last accessed 27 March 2023. Available from: https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/medication-safety.html Panado® Infant Drops (Drops). Approved package insert, August 1990. Panado® Paediatric Syrup Strawberry. Approved package insert, March 2002. Panado® Paediatric Syrup Syrup. Approved package insert, April 2010. IRI Data for MAT August 2021.

July 5, 2023

FIVE TIPS TO KEEP YOUR CHILDREN HEALTHY DURING THE CHILLY SEASON

As the winter season approaches, Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality healthcare, reminds parents and caregivers of the importance of maintaining their children’s health and well-being. Colds and flu are quite common among children, especially during winter. The colder weather and increased time spent indoors close to others can contribute to the spreading of respiratory infections. Children, particularly those in school or day-care settings, are more susceptible to these infections due to their developing immune systems and frequent exposure to other children. The close contact and sharing of objects among children provide ample opportunities for viruses to spread. Additionally, the influenza virus circulates more widely during the colder months, increasing flu cases during winter. “It’s important to note that with the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been changes in transmission patterns and public health measures that may impact the occurrence of respiratory illnesses in children,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health. “It’s always recommended to follow local health guidelines and take appropriate preventive measures.” As much as we’d love to protect our little superheroes from every sneaky cold and flu villain, they can still catch a case of the sniffles. However, there are ways we can help our children ward off troublesome winter illnesses. Read on for Affinity Health’s five essential tips to keep children healthy in winter. Encourage Proper Hand Hygiene Regular handwashing is one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of germs. You must encourage your children to wash their hands frequently with soap and warm water, especially before meals, after using the restroom, and after coughing or sneezing. If soap and water are unavailable, alcohol-based hand sanitisers can be an alternative. By instilling good hand hygiene habits, you can help reduce the risk of infections. Ensure Adequate Nutrition A well-balanced diet plays a crucial role in maintaining a robust immune system. Include a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins in your children’s meals. These foods provide essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that can bolster their immune response. Additionally, consider incorporating immune-boosting foods such as citrus fruits, berries, yoghurt, and green leafy vegetables into their diet. Promote Regular Physical Activity Encourage your children to engage in regular physical activity, even during winter. Whether indoor activities like dancing, yoga, active games, or outdoor activities such as playing in the garden, jogging, or walking, keeping them active helps boost their immunity and overall well-being. Remember to dress your kids appropriately for the weather to ensure comfort and safety. Ensure Sufficient Sleep Adequate sleep is essential for children’s overall health and immune function. Establish and maintain a consistent sleep schedule, ensuring your children get the recommended amount of sleep for their age group. A well-rested body is better equipped to fight off infections and support their overall well-being. Practice Respiratory Etiquette Teach your children proper respiratory etiquette to prevent the spread of respiratory infections. It would help if you encouraged them to cover their mouth and nose with a tissue or elbow when coughing or sneezing. Remind them to dispose of used tissues properly and wash their hands afterwards. By practising respiratory etiquette, you help reduce the transmission of germs and protect their health. Signs And Symptoms of Colds and Flu In Children While cold and flu symptoms can overlap, some distinguishing features can help differentiate between the two. Common Cold: Runny or stuffy nose Sneezing Sore throat Mild headache Cough, usually dry and hacking Mild fatigue or tiredness Mild body aches Watery eyes Low-grade fever, if present, is generally mild Influenza (Flu): Sudden onset of symptoms High fever (often above 38°C) Severe headache Fatigue and extreme tiredness Muscle or body aches, which can be severe Chills and shivering Dry, persistent cough Sore throat Runny or stuffy nose, although less common in flu than in colds Nausea, vomiting, and sometimes diarrhoea more common in children than in adults Did You Know? On average, children can experience anywhere between 6 to 10 colds per year, especially during their first few years of life, while, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), during typical flu seasons, flu illnesses can affect around 8% to 20% of children. About Affinity Health Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health insurance provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

July 4, 2023

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